Page 2 Eugene Register-Guard, Monday, January 28, 1946
I
FIGURE IN CHANGE In a personnel announcement by the Eu
gene branch of tbe V. S. National bank, C. E. Lombard, left, hai be
come an assistant vice-president, and Charles L. Gillllan will con
tlnue as an assistant manager. W. B. Card, manager since 193S, has
been transferred to Portland and Godfrey C. Blohm, formerly head
f the Klamath Falls branch, succeeeda htm here. (Kennell-EUis
yhotos, Wiltshire engravings.) .
Trranco Avers He Was Never
Influenced By Nazi Doctrines
EDITOR'S NOTE: This la the
first of two or more columns on
' Generalissimo Francisco Franco
' bv Dcwitt MacKenzle, to whom
the chief of the Spanish state
JJhaa Riven one of bis rare Inter-
By DEwrrr Mackenzie
MADRID Generalissimo Fron
Isco Franco, chief of the Spanish
Jtate, has granted me an inter
view which has taken one of the
jnost unusual turns I've encount
ered in a long experience with
Jicods of governments and diplo
mats. Highlights of his statements are
Jthese:
He is anxious for good rela
tions with the United States. Ha
never subscribed to the policies or
to the political views of Hitler and
JMussolinl and he condemns their
persecutions. Spain is developing
along her own lines, uninfluenced
y either Gormany or Italy, and
Jie (Franco) is heading for abso
lute democratic rule by the peo
ple. On the 8panlsh Monarchy
As for the hotly debated ques
tion of a return of the Spanish
monarchy, he says: "It will be ap
proached when this is suitable to
the Interests of the nation, When
this time comes, it will have to be
the Spaniards themselves who
pronounce themselves In its fa
vor," What happened about our meet
ing was this: The generalissimo
rarely gives Interviews, and in
granting my request for one asked
that I submit my questions in ad
vance. This I did, and when I ar
rived at his residence the lino
old royal palace at El Pardo near
Madrid I had little hope that I
should get more than forma) re
plies to my written querios.
While awaiting my summons in
the truly regal reception room,
amidst the Goya tapestries and
other priceless treasures, I decid
ed I should try for a more open
and Intimate discussion of Spain's
problems.
I was encouraged in this deci
sion by tho most cordial greeting
of the generalissimo when I was
ushered into his private room.
Adda Leading Question
Accordingly, when we had dls-
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Intelligence
(CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1)
posed of the formal queries and
answers, I said to him: "If It is
permissible I should like to ask
another question. It's a very blunt
one, and my sole purpose in put
ting It is to provide an opportun
ity for an answer which may help
relations between our two coun
tries." El Caudlllo gave me a question
ing glance but nodded acquies
cence and I hung my question on
the line.
"The people of the United
Slates have fought a great war
against nazlsm and fascism. Thou
sands of our boys have died for
this cause. Rightly or wrongly the
American public feels that Spain
was in effect an ally of Germany'
and Italy, and it finds it hard to
forgive that. Did you subscribe to
or support nazl'and fascist poli
cies? The generalissimo shook his
head.
"No," he declared categorically.
"I did not. Spain wasn't influ
enced by Germany and Italy, but
has been developing olong its own
lines. Wo condemned all the per
secutions which wore carried out
by those countries. There was no
racial trouble in Spnin. The Jews
weren't persecuted here, nor was
any other religion. There is re
ligious freedom for all in Spain."
Declaims Nazi Leanings
"Do you subscribe to the politi
cal views of Hitler and Musso
lini?" I persisted.
He replied emphatically that he
did not, and then said in amplifi
cation: "Spain went through a bad civil
war, and after such a conflict the
country must proceed corefu'lly.
It can't jump to another regime
haphazardly.
"But I would call attention to
the fact that the Cortes has been
functioning for three years. The
government doesn't make the
laws. All the laws which the gov
ernment recommends go to the
Cortes for consideration and pos
sible passage. The Cortes must
discuss tlic measures for at least
two months, and frequently
its consideration runs much long
er. If I, as chief of state, have a
measure which I want to see put
into effect, I have to take It to the
Cortes for approval."
"Does this mean that you are
headed for absolute democracy,
that Is, rule by the people?"
"Yes," answered El Caudillo.
"But we must proceed slowly,
step by step, until the people are
properly prepared."
The generalissimo didn't ampli
fy his reference to the people be
ing "properly prepared," but I
have no doubt he bad in mind the
fact that Spain, being rather set
apart from the rest of Europe, has
moved slowly through the gen
erations in making major changes.
The chief of state said there was
quite a different point of view in
the United States with Its major
political parties. Spain, he con
tinued, had some 20 parties under
the late republic, and "foreign
countries" got control of Spain's
policies. Hero acain El Caudillo
didn't Identify the "foreign coun-
tries." But the connotation was !
clear enough. Ho was referring to
communism, lie added that tills !
couldn't happen after the revolu- j
tion which overthrew the ropub-I
lie. He was. of course, the leader '
of that revolt.
guage aimed at achieving uncon
ditional surrender without an in
vasion of the Japanese home
islands.
Made Prediction Personally
Zacharias said he saw Kimmel
and Smith between March 26 and
31, 1941, in Klmmel's office at
Pearl Harbor. He went there to
report on an Interview he had at
San Francisco with Adm. Kichi
saburo Nomura, new Japanese
ambassador at Washington.
Zacharias said he told Kimmel
that if war came Japan would try
a surprise air raid on .the fleet in
Pearl Harbor, that It would come
on a week-end and probably a
Sunday morning, and the object
would be to- destroy four U. S.
battleships.
He said he had decided that Ja
pan would have to reduce our fleet
by that much to prevent it Inter
fering with Japanese moves south
ward. Zacharias said the raid could
be made either by seaplanes
brought into the area by merchant
ships and hidden in the lee of a
sparsely settled island. Or, it could
be done by planes from aircraft
carriers.
He recommended establishment
of defensive sea areas around all
the Islands with a requirement
that all merchant ships pass
through certain lanes for inspec
tion. In that manner, he said, no
seaplanes could be brought in by
merchant ships.
He said he predicted that a car
rier raid would come from the
north because that was the di
rection of the prevailing winds. He
said the carrier force would
launch its planes and retreat up
wind to escape damage to any
capital ships In the striking force.
Zacharias said we specialized
in naval intelligence for about 25
years. He said he spoke Japanese
"fluently."
Zacharias also explained to the
committee a purported "wild
goose chase" on which he sent
some of the Pacific fleet in Oc
tober, 1940.
He said that on Oct. 16 he re
ceived word from an informer In
Mexico that Japan was planning a
12-plane raid the next day aimed
at knocking out four U. S. battle
ships. All the planes would carry
bombs and four of them would
be suicide pilots with orders to
dive down the battleship stacks.
At the same time, Zacharias
said, he heard that Adm. J. O.
Richardson had arrived at San
Pedro, Calif., with three battle
ships and a heavy cruiser.
Zacharias flew to Los Angeles
and told Richardson what he had
heard. He said he wasn't able to
assure Richardson that there were
no Japanese planes in Mexico or
Pacific waters that could acconv
pllsh such a mission. He said
Richardson left the next morning
for San Francisco.
Events Point
(CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1)
I
IN SKHIOl'S CONDITION
Virginia Ann Hoiryhill. 19. route
I, continued Mondav ill a serious
condition at the Sacred Henri
hospital. She was Injured in a ear
accident on a road off FIcventh
Avenue west Thursday night.
JUnbeatefoduaiti
1
f$8 ftO AMIR WINNING SARATOGAHANOICA 1911
5 . WS -
LV' i.itjkvS.'iaS Wis 1 Viliira, vl&
Mended Wkuketj,
fetriMll t A. VmX COOfKAU CMr. Nti Tort. It t
tt PROOF -70 GRAIN NIUTRAL SPIRITS
k m
Mfii: ill
pay Increases the fact-finder?
might recommend.
This pledge was solicited by
Lewis J. Clark, CIO Packinghouse
Workers union president, before
he would urge his 193,000 mem
bers to go to work for the gov
ernment. Duration of the "tem
porary truce" declared by repre
sentatives of 55,000 AFT, meat cut
ters and butcher workmen also
depends on the fact-finders' re
port. The CIO wants at least 17 Vfe
cents hourly pay Increase, and the
AFL said it would accept 15 cents.
GM Accused
General Motors corporation
faces union charges of refusing to
bargain In good faith with the
CIO United Auto Workers at a
national labor relations board
hearing opening today in Detroit.
GM. alone of the automotive in
dustry's "big three," has not made
its peace with the UAW. Waee
settlements over the weekend will
give Ford employes an 18-cent
hourly wage Increase and Chrys
ler workers an lfHi-cont raise.
The UAW Insists General Mo
tors must pay an increase larger
than those agreed to bv the other
big motor makers. The highest
GM has offered to dote is 13'4
cents. A 1914-eent raise recom
mended by a fact-finding board,
which the union said it would ac
cept, was rejected by the com
pany. The railroad arbitration agree
ment'! affected 1.250,000, or ap
proximately B5 per cent, of the
country's rail emoloyes. They
were entered into by the major
roads and 18 of the 20 railroad
unions.
Conspicuously absent from the
latter stages of the Chicago medi
ation conferences, whirh brought
about the decision In submit wage
demands to arbitration, were the
Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen
and the Brotherhood of Locomo
live Engineers. Representatives of
these two groups left the confer
ences because the arbitration plan
did not cover rules changes asked
by the brotherhoods.
The BRT now Is conducting a
strike vote, and the engineers next
month will decide whether to take
a similar ballot.
CHILDRENS
COLDS'
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REPAIRS ON PARTHENO N-Ortek workmen have erected scaffolding (right) to
make repairs on the famous Parthenon, ea Acropells in Athens, which dale from W B. u.
Chinese Quislings Will Be
Tried In Shanghai Prison
SHANGHAI (U.R) Shanghai's
famous Ward Road jail, the sec
ond largest in the world in area
and the largest in accommoda
tion capacity, will figure in a new
role this year. For the past four
years, under Japanese domination,
it housed allied prisoners along
with its constantly changing
brood of assorted criminals. But
now the grim, gray escarpments
are being prepared for one as
signment the. Japanese never
thought of the trial of puppets
who served the Japanese during
the lean and miserable years
when they were the lords and
masters of Shanghai.
The staff of Ward Road jail are
hustling to prepare a courtroom
within the huge penitentiary that
looms forbidding within the pris
on walls. In this courtroom will be
held the forthcoming trials of
major puppets who worked in
various capacities for the Japan
ese. It is a large room dark, gray
and foreboding. And it is a fitting
stage on which these puppets will
strut for the last time.
Caused Death, Torture
They worked for the Japanese,
these people. They helped the
Japanese to keep "law and order,"
they acted as "secret agents," they
played the contemptible roles of
informers and stool pigeons. The
paltry sums of money they were
paid for their services were hope
lessly outweighed by the grief
and misery they brought to Amer
ican and British civilians trapped
within Shanghai's barbed - wire
perimeter. They brought death to
some, horrible torture to others.
Now their own time has come.
In keeping with their crimes,
their trial will be held in secret.
The judges, clerks and other court
officials, even including their
close relations, will be required to
stay within the prison precincts
throughout the entire proceedings.
This rigid step is being taken in
order to ensure that no outside
pressure will be brought to bear
on them at any time. The period
of their voluntary seclusion may
be as long as six months, 8s the
trials, at which China's major j
traitors will figure, are likely toj
be extended over this period.
More than 40 war criminals are !
to face judges in this secret court- !
room. In the cold compound of
Ward Road jail, in the dingy
shadow of high stone walls, a
temporary detention house has
been erected for them by order of 1
the Shanghai High Court. Already !
there are eight occupants in this 1
treason house, meditating on the 1
fact that treason .does not pay.
They are the ones who will stand
trial in the first of the secret scs-,
sions. I
Fitting Scene for Justice !
It is poetic justice that Ward
Road jail should be singled out as
the scene of retribution. To Ward
Road jail, and to the adjacent
horrors of Shanghai's gruesome
"Bridge House, came many of the
'Egg' Her On,
Mrs. Smith!
CRESWELL The poultry popu.
lation of this community may not
be particularly interested in the
housing shortage problem but a
hen on the ranch of Mr. and Mrs.
James Smith who lives just south
Story Published In Life Abom
A Secret Speech Of Churchill
vastly outnumbered h n.
defenders of that base
frightened victims of these pup- of the city limits of Creswell be-
pets. Now the victims those of
them who are still .olive are free,
and their place is being taken by
these collaborators.
Shanghai justly views its Ward
Road jail with a certain civic
pride. In area it is the second
largest prison in the world, second
only to one other jail located in
Germany and then only by a
matter of a tew feet. In its crimin
al prisoner capacity, however, it
has no equal. It holds more crim
inals than any other prison in the
world and it has need to, for
Shanghai can turn out more crim
inals to the square block than any
other city in the world. Or at any
rate, it likes to think it can.
In all its history there had nev
er been a successful escape from
lieves in conserving space in the
egg basket and offers a challenge
to the cacklers on route F. Mrs.
Smith found three perfectly
formed eggs with hard shells each
inside of the other. The hen is
now for sale.
inrw YORK. N. Y. (U.B Wins.
ton Churchill revealed in a secret
war speech to commons on April
23, 1942, that Britain's Daiue neet
was temporarily crippled and that
an army of 100,000 British empire
troops surrenaerea me greav ir
eastern base of Singapore to 30,000
Japanese, Life magazine said In a
copyrighted article in its Issue
which will be published this week.
Churchill, the magazine said, ad
mitted somberly that the axis had
destroyed or damage more than
one-third of the royal navy's cap
ital ships in seven weeks. ,
The Mediterranean was without'
a fighting squadron, he said, and
the allied land, sean and air forces
in the Pacific were outnumbered
everywhere by the Japanese.
Blunt Address
In a harsh, blunty-worded ad
dress to commons, the then prime
minister said the extent of the
Japanese successes in those first
months of war had come as an
unexpected shock to the allies.
He acknowledged that Britain
had not wanted to draw Japan in
to the war at that time, because
of the enormous drain on her re
sources in the war against Ger
many. "I have always hoped for the
entry of the United States (in the
war) . . . although tbe ideal was
to have America in while Japan
remained out," he said.
Reveals Loses
In broad, Churchillian strokes,
the prime minister revealed to the
house the full extent of the naval
losses Britain had suffered In the
far east and in European waters.
He appealed to the house not to
ask for an official Investigation
into the loss of Singapore which
he acknowledged as one of the
greatest disasters ever sustained
by the British.
For the first time, Churchill dis
closed that the Japanese army that
captured Singapore actually was
He conceded that ih. .
endless field of rrimi,!
the surrender of
contended that an iS
mat time would hamn.. aoa
tion of the war. mperP"
The populations"!
has risen from 8asn :
2,183,796 m 1940 0Ju 1
Beware CouS
Following Flak
After the flu is over di4 I
cough that loW &!;
Into chronic bronchitii iffvJ
Creomulsion reliep&Sfc
cause it goes right to tH?Lf
bronchial mucous 'uSSS?
matter how many SK?
have tried, tell T. JESH8
you a bottle of CreomulsMS
understanding you must Ukt aSA
ouiciuy auays tne cough or 5,
to have vour mnn k.Sr
SMPMULSIo
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CHEN YLi
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JEpY-WISEDRW
The ring of Helen of Troy, ac
cording to legend, had a star gem
taken from the head of a mys
terious fish called pan.
Ward Road 1all. until the Japan'
ese used it for imprisoning allied
prisoners. After the Japanese
took over there came that famous
"jail break" in which seven Am
erican and British prisoners made
a getaway, helped in their escape '
by the Sikh guards.
CLOSED
TUES. - WED. - THURS.
FOR INVENTORY
PRESTON & HALES
857 Willamette Phoni
Radar Might
Reach Mars
WASHINGTON U.R Even
though tho army's moon -contacting
radar equipment might suc
ceed in reaching Mars, 35.000,000
miles distant, there is not much
chance of mapping either the red
planet or tne moon because of
"grass," scientists said.
Grass is what they call the
wiggly lines on the radar scope
between the big pip, indicating
the impulse sending ioiutjn and
the little pipe, marking tho target
The grass is only 238,000 miles
away.
As long as the reflected radio'
Impulse is strong enough to make
a pip higher than the grass you
can see it. But when the reflec
tion is too faint the pip disap
pears in the grass.
Grass is produced by imperfec
tions in the radar tubes and by
miscellaneous echoes from sky
and ground. Better tubes would
cut it down.
That, in simple terms, expresses
the limitations of thee quipment
used to reach the moon. About
all the present set will do is get
one big "woof" reflected back
from the entire surface of the
moon.
To map the moon's surface, '
scientists said it will be necessary
to go Into much higher frequen
cies than the 112 megacycles used.
A 112 megacycle wave is slightly
less than three meters from crest
to crest.
War department officials said
that until new equipment can be
perfected, signal corps scientists
are expected to continue explor
ing the ionosphere with the pres
ent wave length. There is much
of scientific and technical value
to be learned about the iono
sphere as it affects loin-range
guided CUiiUcj. I
fffiM
ri (mm
fn n n r
1 1 111! IS LIMITED . . . WE MUST VACATE
ALL APPAREL MUST BE SOLD!
WATCH PAGE AID IN
TMffiKW IPAJPEB
TOE
FIINAIL CLWSraMMDTT SAW
WEDNESDAY 9:00 p."1