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',4 Century Operated
Defense Priority
Puts Burden on
little Fellowr
(CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1)
dustriallsts surveyed the city's
supply of skilled workmen and
machinery and was able to utilize
manpower and facilities for turn
ing out defense orders. .
Big Brother Industry
For the most part, the big in
dustries have been able to absorb
the unemployed from smaller
plants as their facilities were ex
panded, and so far there has been
no great problem in men being
thrown out of work.
For example, the steel industry
was operating at only - 19 per
cent of capacity nine years ago
when production was only 15,323,
000 tons and 300,000 men were em
ployed. Today the steel plants are op
erating at 98 per cent of capacity
and in the first six months of the
current year more than 500,000
employes produced 40,912,000 tons
of steel.
There is much talk in the auto
mobile industry of unemployment
because of curtailment of new
models to conserve metals for de
fense purposes, but not even the
manufacturers themselves know
what the volume of production
will be.
They may build 3,600,000 vehic
les or they may not build half
that many because of defense .pri
orities and concentration on manu
facturing engines, airplanes, plane
parts, tanks: shells, artillery units,
anti-aircraft guns and other im
plements of war. rfWl
I " "Test Tube" Army
Science may be able to. find
II gi
If3k , -Jt
Plenty Testimony
On Water Dispute
LINCOLN, Neb., tU.PJ Attorn-
evu substitute trunKS tur u"
cases, hire two court reporters and
take thousands of words of tech
nical testimony from expert wit
nesses who travel hundreds of
miles. .
It's all nart of the North Platte
river water dispute involving Ne
braska. Colorado, Wyoming and
the Federal government.
Seven years ago this fail e-
TWO FOR THE PRICE OF ONE It' done with a mirror
this double view of the theater's Beautiful Boy, Victor Ma
ture, who rose from caveman film roles to rank as a matinee
idol through his appearance in a Broadway smash hit.
substitutes for many of the ma-,
terials now going into defense re
quirements and ease the pressure
on small manufacturers.
The men of science offer one of
the greatest paradoxes of a world
at war, for they continually strive
to devise new means of destruc
tion, and then they must learn to
destroy their own inventions or
render them harmless.
Not all scientists are engrossed
in the test tubes of death, of
course, but science has been gear
ed in the manner of industry for
the job of defense. C'.u
One out of every four American
physicists is doing' scientific re
search on secret national defense
work. They are missing from the
colleges and universities and fa
miliar haunts, turning up in
Washington or a closely guarded
laboratory.
They don't talk nowadays about
their work. Except in rare cases
they get little publicity, for their
experiments are military secrets,
No Secrets f
When the war started in Eur
ope there was talk of fearful secret
weapons which could wipe out
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whole armies: of gases more ter
rifying than anything used in the
World War, and, of death rays
which could strike down an enemy
at a ereat distance.
Yet none of these things has de
veloped. The implements of
death used by the new armies
have been merer improved in
struments familiar to every na
tion.
The scientists developed air.
planes to fly at terrific speeds and
great heights and then invented
a radio locator to spot the planes
before they arrive at their des
tination, making it easier for them
to be shot out of the skies.
braska fired the opening shot by
suing Wyoming in the U. S. Su
preme Court. At me ena ui
15th in a series of -hearings, an
inventory revealed: .
Twenty-live mums jbiuuhu
with technical data, more than
30,000 pages of testimony ana
nearly 1,500 maps, cnaris anu
other exhibits.
The man who has heard every
umrrt of the involved testimony,
examined every exhibit and pre
sided at every hearing is Michael
J. Doherty, St. Paul, Minn., attor
ney.
In 1935, the Supreme Court ap
pointed Doherty as its special
master in the case. So far he's not
rercivpH a cent not even travel-
in expenses. When the case is
settled, he can expect a substan
tint fpp.
Several hundred thousands of
dollars already have been spent in
an effort to determine an "equit
able division" of precious North
Platte river water. Nebraska alone
has snent more than SIZB.UOU.
, How long the case will continue
is a guess with Doherty. He figures
the earliest possible date the Su
preme Court could hand down a
decision would be late in 1943
and that's speculation. . ,
Doherty believes all the testi
mony will be completed in one or
possibly two more nearings mis
year. Then each litigant must file
a summary brief. After counsel
for each of the four parties pre
sents oral arguments before Do
herty, he will report his findings
and recommendations to' the Su
preme Court. , . . . t
About January." 1943. ' Doherlv
figures, state and federal attorneys
will be ready to file exceptions to
his report and present oral argu
ments supporting tneir exceptions.
That will conclude the case ex
cept for the Supreme Court's de
cision.
If the decision is released late in
1943, the suit will be closed after a
nine-year run, but still won't set a
record.. Colorado now is in the
I3tn year or a similar battle with
Kansas.
The only two men still in the
case who attended the first hear.
ing five years ago are Doherty and
Paul F. Good, Nebraska's special
attorney. The three other litigants
have changed attorneys and one
court reporter died since Doherty
heard the first testimony.
The suit originated in October,
1934, when Wyoming refused to
release North Platte water to Ne
braska. In 1935, Wyoming drew
Colorado into the battle. Then in
1938, the Federal government in
tervened. .
Federal authorities entered the
suit on grounds they had substan
tial investments in power irriga
tion and conservation projects in
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