FACE TOUR
Jhm OREGON STATESMAN, Salem, Oregon, Sunday Morning-. January 13, 1946
"No Favor Sways Us; No Fear Shall Awe'
. From First Statesman, March 28, 1851
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY j
CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher j
Member of the Associated Press
j - i
The Associated Preu is exclusively entitled to the use for publication; of all
news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper.
Th Congre, Second Senion
Tomorrow the second session of the 79th con
tress will convene. Members refreshed by a
long Christmas recess will return to take up
their labors. Staring them In the face is the
critical domestic economic situation and the
president's program for handling it. Also high
on the agenda is the proposed loan for Britain.
Advance expressions indicate no cohesion
among the congress for an affirmative program
, on domestic matters. The president's own pro
v gram is unpopular with the country and dis
liked in congress. His appeal of January 3 has
evoked no-general applause. At the same time
Jlhe congrefcs has, no alternative program such
s the president has called for. A policy of
'drift prevails; and it will take powerful pres-
sures to budge the congress out of this mood.
For one thing this is election year with all house
.-'members: and one-third of the senators up for
4 reelection. Election year is no time for much
legislative experimenting.
Current acute problems are the strife between
, labor and management and the mounting tide
of .inflation. The president's fact-finding for
mula has already failed in the General Motors
strike; steel workers are due to walk out on
'" Monday. Yet the anti-strike bills in congress
have as little prospect of passing as the presi
' dent's own measures.
The answer for these worries may be found
principally m an increase of production. This
wifl defeat the pressures for inflation, will sup
ply the goods the country demands, and soon
will through lowered prices lift the real wages
of workers. In spite of headlines over strikes
the country's plant is being steadily recon
verted, and production of peacetime goods will
be on an accelerated scale. Congress having
already moderated the tax burden, there seems
little it can no.w do to open the gate for full
production.
The real race is with inflation. President
Truman's policies have let inflationary pres
sures get nearly out of hand.' If congress lets
price control die on June 30 the price spiral will
be hard to stop. If we can hold the trenches a
few months longer the country's machinery
will get in gear and production will commence
to overtake demand and avert uncontrolled in
flation. The most important responsibility of
congresf. therefore, is to support the battle
against inflation.
One desperate need which the congress may
help to meet is housing. The Wagner-Ellender-
Taft compromise bill seems to be.,a constructive
and progressive piece of legisaltion. While it is
opposed in part by home private interests, the
need for housing and for improved housing
of low 'income groups is so greart that private
interest should not be allowed tojdefeat govern
ment aid of the type that is contemplated.
In its first session the congress took care of
foreign affairs quite adequately, ratifying the
San Francisco charter, approving; machinery for
its operation, and ratifying the Bretton Woods
agreement. If the UNO general assembly meet
ing succeeds, congress may have less cause for
worry oer our relations with -other1 countries.
The world, including the United States, is in
period of readjustment following the terrific
dislocation of the world war. We cannot expect
things to smooth out readily. But the problems
are such as can be solved if the people through
their congress and administration will apply
Intelligence and courage in tackling them.
Arabian Pipeline
During the war Secretary Ickes was at one
time determined to construct at government
expense a pipeline across Arabia to bring oil
from the middle ea&t to the Mediterranean
coast. The Statesman" was one of the first to
condemn ' the proposal as an unwise expendi
ture of government funds and involvement of
our government in middle east politics. The
proposal ran into so much opposition that it
was dropped, j
Now the oil companies themselves are! pro
ceeding with plans for building a 10001-mile
pipeline across Arabia and through Palestine
and f have recently obtained from the fatter
country a concession for the crossing. f
It is far better to have the operating private
companies make the investment; and they will
have no trouble with the financing. The com
panies interested are Standard of California
and Tejtas company, which jointly own the
American-Arabian Oil cowipany. Time has fully
justified The Statesman's Icriticism of the Ickes
plan. '
(xippled Communications
The General Public gets cuffed around when
strikes affect public utilities, as is the case in
the crippling sympathy strike of telephone
workers. Communications are a vitally , essen
tial, service; and those accepting employment
in , such occupations are under a moral obliga
tion to maintain the serviced Ordinarily they
do. even to the hazard of life 'and limb. Come
flood or fire, eatbquake or tornado operators
stick to their posts ; to the very last minute, to
give out warnings and to guide the work of
rescuers. It seems most unfortunate then for
telephone workers to leave their place of duty
because of wage disputes, especially when they
therruielves are not principals to the dispute.
It is Western Eelectric workers who are
striking now. Western Electric is an affiliate
of the Bell system: and handles particular me
chanical work for the telephone company. Em
ployes of the latter company in some cities
have gone out in .sympathy; and that ties up
senutly the communication service of the
whle country, Salem workers, we are glad
to. hote. have shown commendable loyalty to
their responsibilities by remaining on the job.
The Western Eelectric strike however holdi up
manufacture of equipment f and so postpone
phone installations here and elsewhere,
The country gets tired of these work stop
pages which eventuate in takeover! by gov
ernment. It is more or less a fiction anyhow,
because the same officials actually remain in
charge; and eventually the: dispute has to be
settled by agreement. The settlement ought to
be worked out without any striking. The public
interest in this instance transcends the interest
or the parties who at best are quarrelling oyer
minor differences in wage fates. If this inter
ference with essential services continues and
expands government may take a hand and im
pose compulsory arbitration of such disputes.
Freedoms hardly extend to the point of wreck
ing the functioning of the whole communica
tions system of the. country.
Norblad to Washington
Walter Norblad goes to ashtogton with tht
confidence that should come from the splendid
vote he received in the old first district on
Saturday. To be elected congressman is a great
honor and a real responsibility. Norblad has
met the first test of popular approval by win
ning the election. Now he rrjust meet the stern
er test of performance in the national legisla
tive body. J
Young and naturally aggressive, he will need
to develop in maturity ot. judgment, to season
his principles and avoid the temptations of
political opportunism which beset anyone in
politics. If he makes good' from the start he
will be able to retain the position over a long
term of years, growing in strength and in
fluence in national councils and in ability to
serve his district. The Statesman wishes him
well as he shoves off for Washington.:
The VFW is first to come up with a bonus
bill, on to pay veterans $3 a day for their
service and $4 for each day overseas. The total
cost would run from $25 to $50 billion. Recall
ing the bonus battles which followed the first
world war one can predict that political powers
of resistance will be very feeble. Probably few
presidents would veto a bonus bill now, al
though every president front Harding to Roose
velt did before. Money talks, but not very loud
these days.
Cooperation Vital
Need for Peace
(Charles Fjlx. who covered the old league of na
tion for several year and who spent the war years
fan Korooe. outline her the inxredMnU by which
the new United Nations organization, now meeting
In London, may outdo : its predecessor.)
fab tip rf'm
Are They Trying to Nickname Itim Charlie McCarthy?
Tho Litorary
Guidcpost
i By raal Frlggens
THI FABULOUS rHOMTIXR by Wil
, liam A. Keleher (Rydal Preaa; S3).
If you are interested in the
increasing flow of regional lit
erature you may wish to dip
into this book, an excellent piece
of research on southeastern New
Mexico covering the lusty per
iod from 1170 to statehood in
1912. Through its pages move
cattleman and gunman, the pio
neer merchant and editor and
: the inevitable landboom pro
moter. There are good sketches of
John S. Chi sum, the cattle king
who ran 80,000 head on Lincoln
county's 17,000,000 acres; Pat
rick Floyd Garrett, frontier
- sheriff and slayer of Billy the
Kid; Thomas Benton Catron, the
state's first senator, and Albert
B. Fall of Teapot Dome fame,
among many others. Fall, the
writer concludes interestingly,
"was not proved guilty of wrong
! doing beyond a reasonable
doubt."
MERCHANT SHIPS 144, edited by
i E. C. Talbot-Booth. ft. D. R N V ft.
aaeisted by K. B. ft. Sargent. It N -v
V.R., (Maemtllaa: Sit).
The world's merchant ships as
of 1944 are listed In this stan
i dard reference work, which also
, contains all available informa-
tion about sinkings and new
construction. There are more
than 900 photograph and near
I ly 5000 line drawings. Among
; other incidental information, the
volume contains airplane sil
:. houettes.
r THE COMPLETE CARD PLAYER, by
Albert A. Oetrow (Whittlesey
House; S3.TS).
; This tells you how to paly
I about everything, from accord
I ion, the game of course, to Zion
; check, including such variations
of poker as whisky, poker, cold
; hands, lame brain, cross wid-
ow, snookie, butcher boy and
lazy Edna.
PETER HUNTS WORKBOOK (Ztff
Davis; 4.
Hunt is a very ingenious
. guide if you like peasant-style
- decoration, which means bright
color and surfaces loaded with
; design; if you want to change
..; an old organ into, a desk, old
lamps into ash trays; and if
: you think a marbleized finish
? is better than plain honest wood.
; For me, these decorations are
too fussy and ornate.
News Behind the News
By PAUL MALLON
(Distribution by King Features Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction la whole
or In part strictly prohibited.)
WASHINGTON. Jan. 12 An
editorial surveyor hat reported 72
per cent of the newspapers ap
proved Mr. Truman's fact-finding
solution tor labor claims at
first, but suddenly turned around
and in one week during Decem
ber (22 to 29) 65 per cent at
tacked the plan.
This he considered a strange
and inexplicable turnover of
public opinion,
or press opin
ion, and he crit
icized it. He
said the change
came about
when the Tru
ro a n fact-finding
board for
General Motors
was confronted
with the union
proposition oi p,i MaUea
going into the company profits to
set future wages on this basis.
My analyst friend has simply
been confused, as have most
readers of the current labor
news, by the tmotion of oppos
ing factions. The truth behind the
matter is evident.
By Charles Felts
AuocUtfa Pre Foreign Staff
The United Nations, second great world org an l
zation in our time to Undertake the task of keeping
.the peace,' hopes to profit from the errors of its
predcessor.
Like the league of nations, the UN is by no
means as perfect as the wartime peace planners
once hoped for, but it is an instrument through
which world opinion can find the means to keep
the peace. f
Behind the high-flying hopes of the UN founders,
behind their public expressions of optimism, lies
the conviction that the UN's main strength lies in
the support of the UJ S. and Britain. In both of
these countries public opinion can be expressed
freely. In both countless organizations are striving
to activate public interest in the only existing
defense between them and the "last war." for since
the development j and use of the atom bomb, few
doubt that the next 'one would be the last.
UN's Machinery Is Superior
In three of the great powers which quit the
league of their own volition: to continue the way
of the aggressor -Germany, Italy and Japan pub
lic opinion could not be freely expressed. What the
common man though made little or no difference
to his government. '
The machinery of the UN, it is generally agreed,
is superior in many respects to the machinery of
the league. The world may have found the league fDIJV A IV O RF A R IT
little help in keeping the peace, but has now found svramj. VLl J JJaa.iA a x
some profit in knowing the league's weaknesses.
The great absentees of 1820 the U. S. and Rus-
sia are in the UN and have undertaken to uee '
force "If necessary to maintain or restore inter- )
national peace and security.?
... Concessions to Distract
Unanimity of all members of the league was 5
necessary to action vital to the maintenance of f
world peace. In the UN only the five states with
permanent seat on the security council have a -
veto power:
This was a concession to the fact that even after
another great war the big powers did not have I
sufficient trust in each other to abandon that part I
of their national sovereignty necessary ! to make
the world organization all-powerful in international j
disputes. UN, like the league, Is a compromise,
but is generally agreed to be a better compromise, i
' Both Truman and Attlee have made various I
public statements in recent months indicating their t
willingness to abandon the big three talks like f
those at Yalta and Potsdam, taking such discus-1
ions into the security council within tho UN., I
UN More Flexible Thao Leacwe
The United Nations is far more flexible than
the. league, whose machinery ground slowly even f
noramlly and still more slowly when certain mem-
bers desired to impede its progress, which was :
frequently! the case. : j i
Members of the new security council have wide -
discretionary powers to determiner what constitutes -;
any "threat to the peace, breach 'of the peace, or i
act of aggression." There are now no halr-splittimg '
efforts to define aggression such as those famous '
in th league.
In the -final analysis, however, the success or '
failure of Sihe UN now and in the future depends !
on the sajne factor which failed the league the 1.
interest and active cooperation of the peoples of '
the world. ' ! f
Used by Rail Unless
Mr. Truman advocated the
fact-finding solution out of tho
experience of the railroad union
brotherhoods, who have enjoyed
its operation for more than 15
years. Tho Idea of establishing a
public concept of the facts, with
30 days' cooling down before
strikes, in tho case of tho broth
erhoods, never entered the ques
tion of how much tho railroads
were making
The idea of going into company
profits of the past for a wage
scale for the future was devel
oped by the union in the General
Motors case, merely because tho
company had war profits and the
union wanted bigger wages. .In
the every-way similar steel case,
the same CIO unions have taken
an opposite stand because there
were no steel profits.
Mr. Truman is now moving to
increase the price of steel
through Mr. Bowles in order to
create money by which the steel
companies can raise' the union
wages.
By Lichty
Mj ML $ Jil
'Junior just now got heme! He spent months la the ecrapeUea el
Germany, Japan and San Franciseot
"Reasonlns' Is FeUU
Tho simple truth is thus shown
to be that the unions want a
wage increase for whatever
reasons they can concoct, for the
reason of profits in the General
Motors case, for the opposite rea
son necessitating a price increase
in the steel case.
This Is the essence of the mat
ter, and anyone who indulges
himself in any economic reason
ing about the matter is wasting
his time.
Thus the newspaper editorial
ists are proven by the facta to bo
right in changing their stand.
The Truman fact-finding solu
tion has been headed by union
pressure into ascertaining com
pany profits in tho General Mot
ors case. These are past profits,
based on war business, and tho
manufacture of different prod
ucts. Inoo latency Feinted Oet
The union would be entirely
logical if it demanded a distri
bution of these profits to the
workers. That Would make sense,
but it is entirely illogical in con
tending that these peat -profits
should measure the future wage
scale, because the same profit is
not guaranteed for the future.
Indeed, the profits of General
Motors henceforth will bo meas
ured by entirely different con
siderations the volume of pro
duction, the future cost of ma
terials, the extent of sales, the
effects of advertising, efficiency,
and a thousand other factors.
Past profits on Wr business have
absolutely nothing to do with the
case.
When the Truman fact-finding
was turned into that illogical
vein, naturally its advocates
turned against it. They could not.
in justice to simple reasoning, do
otherwise.
Falsity Seems Conceded
Indeed, the unions themselves
concede the falsity of the prof
Jts basis of establishing future
wages by repudiating their own
motors doctrine in the case of
steel.
A straight-forward, just appli
cation of fact-finding would
have followed the principal of
tho brotherhoods example in the
case of motors, steel, electrical
workers and all other, comput
ing the increase in living costs,
measuring what- increases in
wages had been granted, sub
tracting these, and proclaiming a
just, sound wage increase.
The solving could be done by
simple -arithmetic. A principle
- could have been established
which would be a yardstick for
all cases.
The trouble with the union
case and the sympathetic admin
istration handling of it is that no
principle has been established.
Two Opposite Claims
In one case the unions make
one economic claim; in the other
they make the opposite; and the
administration tries to do their
bidding in both instances. How
then, could there possibly be
anything else but confusion and
strife?
What the situation requires is
the establishment of a just prin
ciple, a common yardstick based
on simple truths. The war ad
ministration had one in the Little
Steel formula.
The trouble then was a polit
ically minded government, bold
ly sympathetic to any union,
cause, whatever it might be, cor
rupted the . formula by secretly
allowing wage increases in the
guise of regrading portal-to-portal,
vacations with pay, and sim
ilar devices to defeat iks own for
mula. Comics More Interesting
Everyone knows what this
strike campaign is a drive of
Utf
63330000
(Continued From Page 1)
exception. He served for a time
as secretary of tho navy under
Polk, and later made this com
ment; "One of the very foremost of
our public men and one of the
very best and most honest apd
most successful presidents the
country ever had."
Justin H. Smith, however, who
wrote extensively on the history
of the period, says of Polk's term:
"There was nothing large
about the administration. 'The
confine of mediocrity hemmed
it in."
Polk's latest biographer, Mc
Mormir, gives a more just con
clusion: "He was a constructive states
man, an unusually able execu
tive, and a sound patriot. No
other president took his task
more seriously, nor spent his
energies more freely for his
country; and few, indeed, have
done more to increase the power
and prestige of the nation."
Another cause for the shadow
over Polk was tht rise of tht
slavery question. Emerging into
controversy during his term, that
question was- magnified in bit
terness in the ensuing dozen
years until it split the country
into armed camps. As a result,
events of major importance dur-
u.s ro.at s ierm nave not re-
Seven Added
Classes to Be
Started Soon
Seven classes in addition to
the course in radio speech and
production, are to be established
by the general extension division
of - the Oregon system of higher
education In Salem for the win
ter term starting the week of
January 21, it was announced
Saturday.
These include natural hiatory
of Oregon, teaching of elemen
tary school science, art education,
Oregon hUtory, small house plan
ning, twentied century literature
and first year Spanish.
The class in natural history of
Oregon, given by Miss Ruth Hop
son, will be held from 2 to 4 each
Monday at the senior high school.
AH other rlassea are In the morn
ing. Mb Waasoa Teacher
The course in small house plan
ning is being taught by Miss Jose
phine Wasson of the school of
architecture at OSC. The class in
twentieh century literature is to
be offered by Dr. H. E. Child of
Oregon State English department
The first class of the radio
speech and production course will
begin on tht evening- of January
17, four days before the rest of
the extension, classes, and unlike
the others, it will bo held in tho
Salem city library.
Teacher Classes Set
Three classes are being offered
to teachers in the Salem area for
those desiring either to complete
ceived their due weight in our ! thir Mortification requirements or
..... i : . I . : : , i
nauon s nistory. For the west
these events were vital: settle
ment of the Oregon question and
acquistion of California. In west
ern history the civil war was re
mote, while the decisions of
1846 were determining. The west,
therefore, owes a great debt to
the statesmanship of James K.
Polk, a debt which hardly Is
'recognized even though one of
our fine counties In Oregon is
named after him.
Still another cause for lack
of recognition of Polk was his
own personality. He was secret
ive, unspectacular, an intense
worker, driven with an .almost
for special training in their par
ticular fields of teaching The
class in teaching of elementary
school science will be given by
Miss Ruth Hopson. Oregon his
tory will be taught by H. E. Inlow
of the College of Education at
Monmouth. The course in art edu
cation will be given by Miss Con
stance Fowler of Willamette unir
versity.
Spanish by the conversational
method again will be offered by
Miss Jenette Roberts of the sen
ior high school.
Registration for any of the ex
tension courses will be conducted
at th tlnw of tho firs clasa
Calvinist conception of duty. As , meetin
a result he had few friends, and
even his close associates thought
him distant Clay and Webster,
with more colorful personalities,
absorbed most of the popular en
thusiasm of the period. Polk, de
spite his great labors and
achievements, is little appreci
ated by Americans, and even
westerners who live in th land
he brought under the flag scarce
ly know him. The 150th anni
versary of his birth last Novem
ber 2 passed without even a ref
erence in Oregon and California,
the region he added to th
union. I transports were moored or an-
In this centennial anniversary j chored in the sound from Pott
of the settlement of the Oregon i Townsend to Tacoma.
question and of the conquest of ; Most of th ships had brought
California, historical societies t troops and naval personnel horn
and public bodies in tho west j for re-deployment. Nearly 500.000
might very wail honor the mem- have paaaeri through Puget Sound
Concentration
Of Naval Craft
In Puget Sound
SEATTLE, Jan. IX -P)- Tho
greatest concentration of naval
craft in Puget Sound history
jammed- Seattle's harbor, Brem
erton and nearby anchorages to
day and naval authorities esti
mated 176 merchant ships and
ory of James K. Polk, with ap
propriate ceremonies. Tuesday I
shall devote my column to a re
port on the accomplishments of
President Polk during his four
years in office.
Practical
Religion
by Rev. John L Knight, Jr
Counselor on ReligKft Life.
WillametUi inivernty.
Modern preaching has some
times neglected to emphasize th
results of wrong-doing or the in
evitability of judgment. Hence
many people have a "get away
with it" attitude toward life.
The more closely one looks at
life, however, the more certain
one becomes tbwt he cannot es
cape the consequences of any
act. It has become a part of his
life, to add or detract The "get
away with it" philosophy Is mere
self-deception. As Emerson put
it: -
"Whoever fights, whoever falls.
Justice conquers evermore "
ports in tho past five months.
The peak is passed and the army
port of embarkation headquar
ters announced yesterday only
6782 men were here, at Tacoma
and Vancouver barracks awaiting
transportation home. Many of th
vessels have been withdrawn
from transport duty.
Fighting craft in Puget Sound
today included six battleships,
six cruisers, the carrier Essex and
a dozen escort carriers, and 163
smaller craft including 36 sub
chasers, 37 patrol craft and 40
LSTs.
The population of Afghanistan
is estimated at between seven and
ten millions.
l . . : -
increase for any reason imagin
able or unimaginable, valid or
otherwise.
Frankly I think the comic
strips and sports pages are more
interesting these days. Do you
think the new football league
will be better than the old one?
Brownsville Tavern j
S) ar-K 2 a s '
uwner Slugge1, liobhed
BROWNSVILLE, Jan. It -(JP)
Gus Davidson, tavern owner here,
was- severely injured when slug
ged and robbed of $200 cash and
his watch after closing his busi
ness early today. City Marshal
Clarence Keith reported.
State Police Sgt. Earl Houston
said Davidson was struck by a
blunt instrument and was unable
to describe his assailant or wheth
er there was more than one per
son assaulting him.
EGYPTIAN MOTHER DIES
CAIRO, Jan. 12 - (F) - Safia
Zaghloul, 69, termed "the mother
of Egyptians" by her followers be
cause of her long campaign for
national independence, died today.
STEVENS
Give ber -on of these perfect
little golcl watches, beautiful
as jewelry in their exquisite
cases, bat with fine mechan
isms on which she can rely.
Kxtestded Payments
11 Court Street