r
TlfflE WOEILID) TTIfflnS WEEK
f: -
Moscow Is Pushing Cultural Offensive Harder Than Ever
China Duplicating
A Sample of Red "Peace Offensive" Propaganda
May Bring Future
The Russian
Line
By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press Netcs Analyst
T) ED CHINA took a firm hold on the International Com'
XV munist tactical line this week, with continued stale
mate as the most probable result.
Let's get together, said the puppet government of North
Korea to the itchy South Koreans, and see what we can do
about reunification.
Let's , get together, repeated:
Red China to the Western world ters between Washington and
and other Asiatic nations, and; non-recognized reipmg. &ucn
negotiations would be handi
capped, however, by the Ameri
can commitment not to bargain
on Nationalist Chinese interests
see what we can do about the
broad general issues which di
vide us.
In Geneva, the Reds were try
ing to trade American prisoners behind their backs.
m. "m
1 X '
Ml
for commit
ments to ne
g o t i a t e .
But the Unit
ed States was
sticking to the
subject on the
table, release
of the prison
ers, after
which she was
willing to talk
about other
thing's. ,Pei-
ping had not tobfts
met the demand of John Foster
Dulles for renunciation of force
as a prerequisite for negotia
tions. North Korea did propose
such a local arrangement.
In Pyongyang the North Ko
reans (and their Chinese mas
ters) had not accepted free
elections for unification, any
more than Russia had done so
with regard to Germany. Pei
ping reiterated its forces would
remain to "help" in North Ko
rea. Dulles, in Washington, reit-
Viet Nam Balks
Experienced observers were
j watching closely to see how the
co-existence line of the Lommu-
inists would affect another sore
1 spot Southeast Asia. There the
t -M c 41. lr:.i xr
government ui ouuiu viei .inaui
was refusing to go along with a
French truce commitment for
unifying elections, and the Com
munists were keeping the trou
ble pot boiling in Laos. One
highly experienced American
diplomat returned from Indo
china recently with the private
belief that it was more danger'
ous than the Formosa area. Out
the Western European Union.
What could not be accomplished
by threats, the Soviet regime
seems to cal
culate, most
likely can be
brought about
by smiles.
But the cul
tural - peace
offensive
has other uses,
too. Abroad it
stresses
t he theme
that increas
ing cultural
contacts can
lead to understanding and then
illustratina an articU which crt- to peace. At home it becomes a
Trouble in Russia
By WILLIAM L. RYAN
Associated Press Foreign IS etc s Analyst
EVIDENTLY the Soviet regime considers its increasing
ly bold peace and cultural offensives a whopping
success. In the short space of a few months in which the
Soviet tone changed from pugnacious to peaceful there
has been a notable slackening of tension, which is what
Moscow wanted, for its own purposes, in the first place.
Now the cultural offensive is'-
being pushed harder than everl The vast majority of the Soviet
before. The reasons for it re-' population is likely to take it at
main the same as ever primar-lface value and regard the recur
ily the breakup of NATO and1 ring phenomena as real evi-
looked hopefully toward evasion.
Peiping's rigid adherence to
the Moscow tactical line has led
many observers to wonder what
happened to the so-called inher
ent Sino-Russian differences
which were to pull the two apart
eventually. Some have even at
tributed Russia's sweetness and
9mnaiem o ricmtf far
erated a U-N.-suoervised election f But everything the
was essential. uw0 nave one jn past yeari
Dalles Reiterates J dovetails.
HERE IS a reproduction of a map which appeared this month in Moscow's "literary Gazette,'
wardly the Allies upheld the!,emP,Be' ,0 ,nOW ,nat Ruans wer travelling frttly all over the world. English has been substituted for Russian in the boxes.
f, te. m,mv tvon;Th Russian caption read: "This schematic mao shews each of the foreian countries visited in 1954 bv Soviet cultural nndltech
m we vt uu. iiii oij a auvb i w t i
social delegations, artistic ana sporting groups, me figures indicate me general number or persons visiting a' given country
. c j-i . mi pro
Ryon
i
dence of a relaxation in inter
national tensions.
The regime probably can keep
it up for a good while to come
certainly well beyond the Octo
ber meeting of the foreign min-
isters. But it involves a calcu
lated risk for the regime itself.
The flowering of amity among
peoples bears the promise of
brighter days to come for the
Soviet people even the allur
ing prospect that almost any
Soviet citizen can hope one day
to be allowed to travel outside
his own country.
Return Difficult
After a
campaign
sustained propaganda
in such directions, a
Meanwhile, in Korea, Syng
man Rhee was almost as embar
rassing to American policy as
Unrelenting Tenacity
Russia went to the Big Four
conierence at ueneva witn a
were me vacucs oi me enemy ! concession adherence to the
He said communist members oiiEisenhower.s at0ms-for
truce supervisory teams in
South Korea were nothing but
spies, but called off the violent
demonstrations designed to oust
them. He said he had American
assurances that something would
be worked out to end the men
ace. Dulles said the United
States had made no commit
ments. It seemed obvious Rhee
had piped down under pressure,
not promises. The South Ko
reans kept saying the puppets
were preparing a new attack.
The Chinese Nationalists on
in
Quote
Secretary of State Dulles,
in commenting on the Rus
sian announcement that
armed forces of the
U.S.S.R. would be cut by
640,000 , men: "The reduc
tion appears 'to reflect So
viet recognition of the
peaceful purposes of the
United States and its allies
and of the fact that.. the
United States will never
be a party to aggression."
ATOMIC: More Conferences Proposed
peace
pooL Red China went to Geneva
with a concession release of
imprisoned American fliers.
After that, both settled down
to defend their real interests
with smiling, affable but unre
lenting tenacity. China's attitude
toward divided Korea exactly
parallels Russia's attitude to
ward dividpH Germanv So do
their proposals for negotiations! the cares of office this week nd
on broad general issues follow I like thousands of other vacation-
an exact pattern. ing Americans, went fishing.
President
i Restful Duels .
President Eisenhower laid aside
Meeting Successful
The scientific "swap shop" end
ing its two-week stand in Ge
neva is likely to be only the first
of many on the road to univer
sal application of atomic energy,
for peaceful purposes.
Lewis L. Strauss, chairman of
the U.S. Atomic Energy Com
mission and chief delegate at
Geneva for the United States,
put this country firmly behind
the drive to make it a regular
affair. He announced that Pres
ident Eisenhower favored a
second world conference on
peaceful uses of atomic energy
within two or three years.
Boon to Scientists
Strauss predicted the official
discussions among atomic scien
contacts, would produce much
progress and many new discov
eries in the next two years.
Exact details as to when and
than scientific
anything other
questions.
On those matters, delegates
heard a solemn warning that
of the carrot-and-stick return all the way to the former
technique. This has reached the. belligerence would be a little
now where the internal difficult for the regime. For the
propaganda macnin e moment, inougn, tne smue cam
boasts proudly about the num-'pajgn is all-out. '
ber of persons it has sent junket-l A recent Issue of the Literary
ing about the world to spread Gazette carried a long article
the word. , and map, reproduced on this
Delegates Under Control Page, designed to give the im
Evidentlymeregimecalculates'P1.?."; PfP1
there is more to be gained than' f freely ovef
where the next meeting will be hereditary damage from radia
'held have not been worked 0I potentially tne most dan
nut. hut there annpared to be gerous Of all problems accom
an almost unanimous feelintr panying the extensive use
among scientists at Geneva that atomic energy,
such meetings should be held at Leading experts in the field of
regular intervals. genetics agreed mat tne present
. . ! danger is not serious, but they
Recommendations Prepared ldeciarei that precautions must
Dag Hammarskjold, United j be taken to prevent a threaten
Nations secretary general, was :.ing irfcrease of radiation as the
said to be drafting recommenda-, world finds more uses for this
tions on the subject for consid
eration by the U.N. General
Assembly opening in New York
Sept 20. Because the Geneva
meeting was designed to be! effects of radiation on heredity,
purely scientific, no provision said there is no doubt that radi
new energy,
Potential Haiard
Prof. Tage Kemp of Denmark,
chairman of a session on the
world. The map showed the
ited number of Soviet people to """'" . - !
the impact of foreighways. "es "54 The option
Thus far, most Russians travel- T,1? to the -general num-
nf ing abroad have been members, , . " " , r . "
Of of "delegations." In that sense iva"ous delegations. That in, it-
Calf M-iwwmiaIv
they are selected persons and tt
under control. I Fr example, the map shows
What must be kept in mind, 21. Persons from the U.S.S.R. vis
however, is that there are very(itinS the United States in 1954.
few persons in the Soviet Union1 In that year there were 14 chess
who know what the peace and 'Players confined to a radius of
cultural offensive is all about!25 rniles of New York and two
professors who attended a Col-
tists from all over the world at was made for delegates to ex-iation causes changes in heredi
Geneva, along with informal press themselves officially on tary processes and that the
i 'effect will increase in the future
On a ranch high in the Rock-j DDITA1KI. MekmAn QfrilA fs humfn bein.gS xPsed to
Formosa also kept up their tyt ,i -.kj-i, on the western slope ot the i wiiiixw -6" 1""1 j
jormos uo . eyi uh i the full meaning of which has . . " ( , If radiation goes beyond a cen-
enorts lO creaie an auatK. at-ic. not hpen defined .The onlv thinff V-Onunentai LHVlde in UOIoraQO, . ., , n. aim nf th. tnA ..,v.;u i.
v i Uarina KuIQ I v " w uaui Jincmuj nuaii u ah jxca
tne west Knows lor sure is inai iKe broxe out nis ny rods and
it had best be wary.
Bed air reinforcements were re
ported on the mainland. The
Reds had their own reports
about repulsing Nationalist com
mando raids.
Little Prospect
"here seemed to be little pros
pect of arranging an Asiatic
peace conference such as Pei
Dine and Pyongyang proposed.
The South Koreans promptly
turned down the proposal for an
all-Korean meeting, saying what
was needed was to throw the
Communists out of North Ko
rea. The United States would
not accept Red China's renewed
proposal for a vast Pacific se
curity system which would do
away with SEATO and other re
gional defense agreements.
There still was a possibility,
The world is thus faced with
a concerted communist effort, i
In Short .
Announced: By the Argentine
Daring Raid
A tense air of alertness hov-
week.
. " , " " ered over England this
trout in a restful duel to last the reminiscent of wartime
remainder oi tne wees, rie Bad
youthful assistance from his 7-year-old
grandson, David.
The two Eisenhowers were
umbia University celebration.
That made 16. But the "general
number" was put at 21. Five of
them were along to keep an eye
on the others.
Large Buildup
Moscow radio has been pour
ing out words, directed both to
the home front and abroad.
about measures taken by the So-
Business
Peak Passed?
The Bureau of Labor Statis
tics announced this week a
sharp drop in home building
during July.
Non-farm housing starts
HrnnruH to 1 1 5 flflfl unite 11 nor
cent under 'the' June mark. The! viet Unjon "f?r the expansion of
seasonal decline from June to ecPom,lc an( cmrurai relations
which is outlawed in the Irish ent undefined, he said it would Julv usuallv is reckoned at iess: with all countries." This, it said.
Republic as well as in England nresent a "notential hazard to than 1 tier cent. It was the first1 would heIP disperse false ideas
is to unite the six Ulster coun- the human race as well
ties of Northern Ireland with the plant and animal life."
as to month since the beginning of
about one another and remove
!this year that the number of everything which obstructs res-
The War Office clamped a tight 26 counties of the reoublic The Kemn ;h spientku have not starts fell HeW the same month toration of friendly relations
guard on British army arsenals. six northern counties are a part vet determined the dan-ithe previous vear. , among countries."
In some cases sentries chal-0f the United Kingdom, just as ger "threshold" of radiation, but' The bureau attributed the de- The broadcasts also boasted of
government, that it had uncov-ljj t0 remain on the se-ilen8ed u visitors and called lorjScotland and Wales are. he expressed belief that radia- cline to a voluntary tightening the number of persons from
ereo anomer piot to assassinate cluded ranch of president's i"j:,!,vulU5- -i Historically, the IRA is an off- tion from present peaceful uses up of housing credit money. lt;aoroaa visiting tne soviet union
President Juan D. Peron. tr,A Atcivioicn until portedly were assigned to pro- h t f t : h Datri0tic erouns of atomic energy is well below said the mortgage regulation! 10,000 from 90 countries, in
' ast nioAii m mto mT niivaia. ....... . , . .
Swnra In- TVmalri A DnarV c.-j... k t- 4A iCCl VfUeen LUZaDeia 11, acd- wu:-u 1 th nrfcfii1 nnric. that leveL
former assistant secretary of de-; return to Denver and the home;"1!11!"8 mc.ocuf"a' r"pings against British rule early
fense in charge of new weapons 0f Mrs. JohnS. Doud, the Presi- !Am . T blf .. j ithis century. After the truce
development, as secretary of the; dent's mother-in-law. j specUons at points of departure with Britain in 1921, resulting in
ail aruuna uic uidiia wcic mien-, a;in .hmcc u Inch
Air Force succeeding Harold E.
Talbott
Buried: Author Thomas Mann,
in the Swiss village of Kilchberg
where he spent the last months
of his life. He died last week fol
lowing a heart attack.
lere
part-work" schedule he put in
abeyance for the fishing trip,
dividing each day between offi
cial duties and relaxation on the
golf course. Later he will fly
East to deliver a speech before
the American Bar Assn. conven-
tion in Philadelphia Aug. 24. He
sified.
The security measures werej
touched off by a daring raid by
members of the Irish Republi
can Army on an armory in Berk
shire, England. After overpow
ering guards, the raiders seized
68 weapons and some 80,000
rounds of ammunition.
i partition, successive
gov
ernments have declared the IRA
illegal. !
London newspapers speculated!
that the IRA had plans for
adopting guerrilla tactics in!
Northern Ireland.
Feverish police activity in the
wake of the arsenal raids re
sulted in the arrest of several;
Approved: By the Parliament
however, that the Geneva nego-:0f Sudaa. a resolution calling
tiations over prisoners would for the evacuation of British and nlans to return to Denver fol
lead to discussion of other mat-jEgyptian troops within 90 days.j lowing the speech, bringing! This temporarily successful men and recovery of what police
iThe aim is to clear the wav for I along Mrs. Eisenhower who nowl venture was followed by abor-1 described as "most of the haul"
Sudanese freedom after 56 vears is at the Eisenhower farm at tive attempts to secure addi-made by the IRA at the Berk-
Hurricanes
of foreign rule.
Gettysburg, Pa.
Dates
One-Two Punch
Less than a week after play
ing host to destructive Connie,
the first major hurricane of the
season, the middle Atlantic sec
tion this week received another
unwelcome guest Hurricane
Diane roared inland over Wil
mington, N.C., early Wednesday
morning with gusty winds as
high as 100 m.pJu
High winds and tides lashed;
beaches of upper South Carolina
and lower North Carolina but,
early damage estimates ran low
er than the havoc wrought by
Connie last week or Hazel last
October, whose footsteps Diane
apparently sought to follow.
Profiting from their previous
experience, coastline residents
had made careful preparations
for Diane which undoubtedly
contributed greatly in holding
damage down. Military and
naval installations had moved
planes and ships out of the hur
ricane's path days in advance.
Earlier in the week President
Eisenhower had allocated one
million dollars to the Civil De
fense Administration out of
emergency funds for hurricane
relief in North Carolina.
The action-followed by one
day a ' presidential declaration
naming North Carolina coastal
regions as a major disaster area,!
making them eligible for federal;
assistance. I
tional arms at two other depots, j shire armory.
CARTOON COMMENTS ON THE DOMESTIC POLITICAL SCENE
Tuesday, Aug. 23
Gubernatorial primary
runoff election, Mississippi.
Wednesday, Aug. 24
President Eisenhower ad
dresses American Bar Assn.,
Philadelphia.
Japanese Foreign Minister
Shigemitsu arrives at San
Francisco for visit to United
States.
changes announced Julv 30 bv' 19a4.
! the Veterans Administration and( All this propaganda in the
jthe Federal Housing Adminis- press and on the radio has been
;tration could not have affected keyed to a single theme: the Ge-
units started in July. neva summit conference brought
These VA and FHA changes about a new atmosphere which
reduced the maximum repay-; can lead to settlement of ten
ment period on mortgages from'sions. If the tensions flare up
30 to 25 years and increased the! again, the Soviet Union appar
minimum cash down payment; ently is going to want to be in
by 2 per cent in all cases. For-: a position to say it did all it
merly no down payment was re-could to advance the cause of
quired for a GI loan. j peace.
One bureau official suggested . .
that the high level of construe-! Part f the M"mn
tion last winter and spring may The Soviet cultural - peace
have had some influence in the offensive will succeed if it can
July decline.
IF
Km.rfr, Ark
THIS TIME
THEIR COMMON
Cunt, CWnrint fci f Mam Ht
RIVAL?
THINGS STILL APPEAR TOUGH
Hmtthw, Staaa City Jmmmml
FOR ADLAI
persuade a large section of
world opinion that the basie
causes of tension have been re
moved on Soviet initiative. That
was part of the meaning behind
the mending of Soviet-Yugoslav
relations, the granting of a
treaty to Austria and other
moves. But the basic causes of
tension are still with us. One of
these is the activity of interna
tional communism, which the
Russians refuse to discuss.
Others include the division of
j Germany, Korea and Viet Nam
land the Soviet domination of
satellite nations. The Commu
nists will settle these only on
Communist terms. The cultural
offensive is aimed at breaking
resistance to those terms.
Sidelights
They have been naming hur
ricanes after girls for years, but
i the Rev. and Mrs. Swan Bush of
jKnoxville, Tenn, pulled a
switch. Their baby girl arrived
at Baptist Hospital late last
; week, and they named her Con-
inie Diane.
Janice Marshall is only 6, but
she's not afraid of mice. Her
fearlessness paid off in cash. Her
father said she saw a mouse dis
appear into a hole in a smoke
house in FJkin, N. C, and Janice
promptly stuck her hand in the
hole to drag him out She didn't
catch the mouse, but she did find
$160 in old bills.
4AnRiQhtsRttTVcd,APNww1taluTts) NOT A PRIVATE SPOT
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