'4-jSec. D-Stafosman, Salem, Or.; Sunday, Aug. 14, 1955
"A'o Favor Sways Us. ATo Fear Shall Awg" ,
From Firit State mam. March M. ltil
Statesman Publishing Company
CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor & Publisher
Published very morninf. Buslnesa 1 office 1M
' North Church St, Salem. Or. Telephone 44811 -i
.
Entered at the poctofflce at Salem. Ore- aa aeeend
. elaaa mitter under act of Confreaa March i, 1878.
Member Associated Press
) The Anodated Preaa ts entitled exclusively to the nee
for republication of all local oewi printed la
: thia newepaper.
Air Secretary Is Research Engineer
, For Secretary of Defense President Esen
; hower deviated from his previous pattern of
: turning to the field of business. He chose
j Donald A. Quarles, Yale graduate, an elec
trical engineer by profession, whose career
had been spent chiefly, in technical work for
Bell Laboratories and Western Electric,
branches of American; Telephone and Tele
graph Co. He has been serving as Assistant
Secretary of Defense, where he was in direct
charge of research for ;the armed forces. By
coincidence U. S. News and World Report
published last week I an interview 1 with
Quarles on ''push button" weapons of war.
His replies to questions give a much better
understanding of the spread of weapons re
search, the attainments and the! limitations
in this field. I !
As for interplanetary travel Quarles put
; this strictly in the realm of fancy, though
travel outside the earth's atmosphere "may be
; within the realm of physical possibilities.
He defined a guided missile as a combina
i tion of a warhead, a propulsion' system to
: carry the warhead to an objective, a guid-
ance system to give it direction, j There are
i two or three dozen types of such missies.
Some, like the Nike, are for defense against
aircraft. Others are from surface to surface,
pilotless aircraft which1 may be guided quite
i precisely to a target. As for the interconti
; nental guided missle Quarles expressed the'
view "that it will be some time before it ap
i pears in the advanced,; refined forms." The
Nike is not 100 per cent effective, but "they
are good enough to do the job." j
Guided missies will not make the bomber
plane obsolete in the next decade. Quarles
thinks that "within any future that I dan
foresee, these guided missies will be auxil
iary to, or supplementary to, rather than a
replacement of, the present type of weap
onry." j. ! '
The new Secretary for Air put up a plea
for more attention to the study of science in
our schools, and emphasized the need for
more persons with technical skills in the
armed forces for the handling of the new
types of weapons. He pointed out the career
incentive plan the armed services offer in the
nope of increasing the average j length of
service of men in uniform. j
A reading of the U. S. News Interview
gives one a good impression of Mr. Quarles.
He is definitely career man in his profes
sion who is now devoting his talents to the
; security of our nation.! As Secretary of the
Air Force he will have direct responsibility
on what is now recognized as the primary
branch of the service for the conduct of mod
ern warfare.
The Bean Fielda Call
SUBSTITUTE WITH REFERENCES
The annual trek to the bean fields is un
derway and we were glad . to note from a
Statesman picture that one of Salem's new
est guests, 17-year-old Sigrid Bruhl of Ger
many, already has been initiated in harvest
ing of the vital crop. 1
Strawberries, also vital give our young
sters, a fine opportunity j for outdoor work
and extra income in the early summer. They
also provide livelihood for j thousands of other
folk, as well as being one pf the valley's ma
jor sources of agricultural revenue. We
wouldn't be without themj, But beans well,
they're easier on the knees and back, for one
thing, and the very size of the verdant vines
cuts down on the conversation and horseplay
to which the open berry j fields are so con
ducive. One can pick beans in peace and
quiet j
Many a valley resident,! including many to
whom pay is not the major factor, thorough
ly enjoyed the comparative solitude and calm
of the bean harvest. One can pace onesself to
the mood at hand, slow or fast There is time
for thought and reflection. There is,a chal
lenge both in the quality and the quantity
of the work at hand. j
There is a genuine nee for bean pickers
this year. A favorable season portends a rec
ord yield, for one thing, and for another the
.bean acreage in the valley has been sharply
increased. Marion and Polk Counties alone
account for more than half of the valley's
production, with Linn and Yamhill also heavy
contributors. Urgent calls lor aid come from
many quarters. Transient workers are fewer
this year. If you've picked! beans in an abun
dant field on a sunny morning you already
know the pleasures inherent and need only
to be reminded of the need. If you haven't,
there are plenty of places, well marked,
where a chance awaits. The valley needs its
bean crop. Nature has done its full share.
It's now up to us. j
Voting Percentage Low in Oregon p.
The Oregon Voter calls attention to a IT. S.
Census Bureau report which says that of
Oregon's population of voting age only 64.9
per cent cast their ballots! in the 1954 elec
tion for Representatives in Congress. This,
remarks the Voter, "was the lowest percent
age of population of voting , age cast by any
Northern state voting fori President in the
same election." The Voterj is slightly mixed.
There was no presidential election in 1954.
The record cited, however, is certainly not
one to be proud of. The Voter blames Repub
licans with the dereliction (so it must have
been 1954 when thousands pf Republicans ev
idently "went fishing" on election day).
The basic trouble seems! to be that Ore
gonians are quite apathetic On politics. They
live rather easy lives, rarely get worked up
over elections. Our politics is tame com
pared with what they have in a good many
other states. 1
Of the 1954 record the Voter says: "It
should never happen again." Certainly not
in 1956 if Republicans want to retire Senator
Morse. If we do not improve the periodical
referred to will have to Consider changing
its nam to the Oregon Non-Voter,
( couix do ,, V LZlet.
fw w : . wi
Lumber v
irm
PORTLAND m CVen V.
Lee resigned as general manager
of ue wesuir operations of the
Edward Rises Lumber CoJ in
Lane County, the Oregoaiaa re
ported Saturday. j
The MKB11W1 uU tu mMinw
manager is Joseph J. Fitzserald.
general secretary ana attorney for
Hints at Chicago.' Howard Lml
ons was named to tbe new posi
tion of asfastaw general manager,
and Hennas ThatrfeM- brrnmm
manager of the lumber division.
inaicner succeeds Gorman
Stone, who wifl become manager
of a lane lumber mmtira in
the Philippines, the report said.
Lee became general manager
Manager Quits
at Westfir last IWui)m
heading the Hines purchasing et
wee aere jot seven years. -
Federal Timber
Cutting Sets New
High in Northwest
PORTLAND lit Cut and sate
ot nauonai forest Umber in the
Pacific Northwest n thm
year ended June as both
record highs. Regional Forester
Heroen stone reported Satur
day. The harvest, was 2.(33,U4.0Ot
board feet and sales totalled $27,
178,857. The cut was 211 milliea
board feet more than ia the previ
ous 12-month period, and sales
were up by 13,11180.
The Willamette Forest in Ore
gon yielded 381 mfflirm hoard
feet worth $3,571,203. That was
the highest of the 18 national forests.
EARLY REPUBLIC
PITTSBURG, N. H. (UP) -Speaking
of ifcerty-minded Ameri
cans . . . Thk- town existed for
three years during colonial times
as "The Republic of ladiai
Stream. It had its awn rauRlihv.
tion. council, assembly and courts.
2
This h a Tiv Case History
I SAVED
116C3
Oil THE
CAR I
BOUGHT
- i
1 made over a 50! down pay
ment en a late-model car. I was
told jt would cost me $257.60 to
insure the car and finance the
balance of $700.00. Lucky for me
I'd. talked to a State Farm agent
first, because I used the Bank
Plan instead and paid an insur
ance and financing: charge of
only S 140.74. I saved $116,867
tune many actual cases.
Many People Assume
Fmaweo ftatos Are Standard
THEY ARE NOT!
sua, - r wmi oaj two
prevta money ivlng mthoo. Iw
nsr pxxirnwo-rw usurancsj. nm.
oct tout 0wt nfuni cm xne rxm. rrj
- m j rrajrmA a v
wHt TBV TMh TTDCTI
iircni wua -m ii rv mi . 'o a tvtj a
CaUr ere jrewr State rrm nt
auxuiM, you ruy. : -
Olson
1
X
!5 .1
626 N. High Stp
Phone 4-22H f
V 7
(Continued from page L)
In a period a little less ihan a year the
precipitation at Bend had been only 4.76
inches. The Bulletin calls! the aridity there
"unprecedented," as indeed it must be. Were
it not for the runoff from the mountains,
throats would be parched in Central Oregon.
j President Eisenhower has been made an
honorary member of a volunteer, fire de
partment near Gettysburg. He is Vrell qual
ified since his principal chore has been to
put out fires 'round the world.
Crisis at Formosa May Have Started
Stewart Alsop reports from Moscow that
the new Russian bosses do not smell like dic
tators. Then what DO they smell like
Russians? j :
Russ
Move to Eliminate Danger of New Wars
Stewart Alp
By STEWART ALSOP
! (Editor's Note: This is the
fourth of a series of reports
summing up Stewart Alsop's ex
periences in the Soviet Union,
which he brought out with him
from Moscow.) .
LONDON Has there been
a real change is Soviet policy?
Especially since Geneva,
this question
has been up
permost in al
moit every
body's mind.
Some weeks
spent in the
Soviet Union
suggest that
the most ob
vious answer
is a 1 s o the
most accurate
that there
has been a change; that the
change is perfectly real; but
that it does not go deep.
This answer applied equally
to Soviet foreign and domestic
policy. Experienced Western
observers believe that, at some
point last spring, the Presidium
reached a formal decision to
take certain measures to reduce
the danger of war.
It is very probable that the
crisis in Asia first gave rise
to this decision. Although there
is no hard evidence to prove it,
all Western observers in Moc
cow believe that the Soviet
Union made a major effort to
restrain the Chinese Comma
nists from attacking the off
shore islands last spring. At any
rate, since then, it has become
more and more clear that the
Soviet .leaders genuinely .do
want to reduce the risk ef war
and to initiate an international
breathing spelL
' But there is no informed
Westerner in Moscow who be
lieves that the change in Soviet .
foreign policy goes deeper than
that Nobody believes for a
moment that the Soviet leaders
are ready to make the sort of
basic changes in policy which
a true world settlement would
Involve. ,
I Nobody believes that Mr.
MelotOT, for example, ia hi
forthcoming meeting with West
era Foreign Ministers, will
budge an inch from his estab
lished position. The Soviets do
not really want a general set
tlement except strictly on their
own terms. What they really
' waat and. expect to xet a
ceneral acceptance, for the time
being, of the status qno. Bat
jthls, as fax as it goes, is a real
! 'J " '
change, since It Implies that
the Soviets will make bo violent
moves, like the Berlin blockade
or the Korean War, to upset the
status quo.
! The internal change is real
also, as far as it goes. One mea
sure of the internal change is
a Moscow hit play called The
Wings," by Alexander Korni
chuk, a friend of Communist
party boss Nfkita Khrushchev.
In this play the heroine, whose
husband was afraid to speak out
for her when she was nabbed
by Beria's secret police after
the w, forgives him on the
ground that the terror was too
great to withstand. The play is.
in fact, an outspoken denuncia
tion of police terror in general.
' An officially approved denun
ciation of police terror obvious
ly means a perfectly real
change in the Soviet system.
Old Moscow hands believe that
Soviet citizens bow have a
greater sense of personal secur-.
ity than at any time since the
mid-'30s. Bat bow as then, the
change does not really go deep,
i
I Fear is still there, below the
surface. Russians love to talk
to foreigners now, whereas a
few years ago tbey would go to
any lengths to avoid them. But
a Russian is still careful never
to give a foreigner his private
address or his telephone num
ber. Above all, every Russian is
careful never to deviate from
the official line.
Indeed, the way every Rus
sian parrots every other Rus
sian on all political matters was
what most impressed and de
pressed this reporter in the
Soviet Union; Nor is this end
less parrotting inspired only by
caution, although caution ob
viously plays its part. This re
porter is deeply convinced,
after many talks with Russians,
that the vast majority of them
really believe in the mess of
lies and half-truths which they
have been fed.
This is not really so surpris
ing. Suppose, for example, that
all Americans, as soon as they
began to go to school, were told
that all Russians had tw heads.
. Suppose that any evidence to
the contrary was ruthlessly rap
pressed; and that It was dan.
(trans even to be suspected of
thinking-' that some Russians
might have only one head. Then
most American would go to
their graves firmly convinced
that all Russians had two heads.
: Thus it is surely not surpris
ing that most Buuian believe
that John Foster Dulles started
the Korean War on orders from
Wall Streets or that the Amer
ican capitalists own the Amer
ican government body and soul,
while the American workers
live in impotent misery; or that
all capitalists want war because
war is profitable. As one Rus
sian remarked simply to this re
porter: "But of course, we be
lieve whati we have been
taught"
The extent to which the Rus
sians believe what they have
been taught is greatly under
estimated ia the West. So is
the political importance of this
phenomenon of mass delusion.
-Consider One. example. Most
Americans think of the Russian
peace propaganda as strictly
for export! Actually, a Rus
sian is hardly ever out of sight
or sound of the Russian word
for peace PEACE TO THE
WORLD is written la huge let
ters on every empty wait
i
At first glance it might be
supposed that this internal
peace propaganda would weaken
the position of the regime in
case of war The precise oppo
site is true, i If the Kremlin
ordered the Red Army to attack
the West tomorrow, not one
Soviet citizen in a million would
doubt for an instant that Rus
sia had been the victim of ruth
less capitalist aggression. And
the genuine; fury of the Soviet
people against the "breakers of
the peace"! would greatly
- strengthen the regime for what
ever was ini store.
1
The changes which have oc
curred in Soviet external and
internal policy since Stalin's
death are j welcome changes.
But despite smiles and picnic
parties, it should never be for
gotten for a moment that the
Soviet system Is profoundly and
Inherently hostile to the West
Bar a basic change in the Soviet
system, the! West will invite
certain disaster if it lets down
Its guard for an instant
There is one simple criterion
of such a change. The Soviet
system will really have changed
when Soviet citizens begin hotly
disputing the political views of .
each other ana of their govern
ment There is nothing like a
few weeks in the Soviet Union
to restore meaning to that tired
old word, freedom, or to show
how wide and treacherous is
the gulf between those who
have it and those who do not '
(Copyrirhl 153. New York
HaraMjThbuM. lac) .
until Br. Salk himself moved to
get it started again by calling on
the Surgeon General to set up a
committee with power to act
This was done and in two days
the new safety standards were
set up and the program of in
oculation resumed. Time how
ever had been lost; and of course
public confidence in the vaccine
was impaired.
. As tor the suspension announce
ment Mr. Engel attributes that to
the demand of Mrs. Oveta C.
Hobby, Secretary of Health, Ed
ucation and Welfare, "that there
roust be no more post-inoculation
polio cases on the i Eisenhower
administration's political door
step." The program should be
ummmmsmsmmximst.
Time Flies
ntOM STATESMAN FILES
1Q Years Ago
Aug. 14, 1945
j The British news agency Reu
ters announced it had recorded
a Swiss radio broadcast saying
"Japan had accepted the capit
ulation offer." In an impromptu
speech on the White House
lawn, President Truman told a
large crowd of spectators that
this was a great day for democ
racy. ; President Truman forecast
that 5,000,000 to 3,500,000 men
in the army would be returned
to civilian life within the next
12 to 18 months. .
stopped unless there was an
"Ironclad guarantee" of no more
reations such as the Cutter vac
cine had caused. (Considering the
.ay partisans were beating the
administration over: the head re
garding the vaccine program,
this panic may be understood.)
Gov. Earl Snell I issued the
following statement: "Let us
give profound thanks to Al
mighty God that this terrible
and most devastating war that
many and history have ever
known has finally come to an
end.'
25 Years Ago
r Aug. 14, '1930
A wounded pelican, captur
ed at Mosquito Bar swimming
resort, was on display in front
of Brown's sporting goods store.
It was caught by Edmund
Weisner and George Coover, lo
cal youths.
Miss Dorothy Livesley,
daughter of the T. A. Livesleys,
announced the date of her mar
riage to Conrad W. Paulus as
September 8. Chosen for the
wedding party were Miss Helen
Adelsperger, Miss Charlotte
Zeiber and Miss Rovena Eyre,
Marylee Fry, Patsy Livesley,
Marilyn McCrosson and Freddy
and Colin Slade.
' Mrashall Field, 3rd, Chicago,
whose grandfather founded one
of America's greatest retail
mercantile enterprises, and
Mrs. Dudley Coats,' were mar
ried at London. Mrs. Coats was
heiress to one of the greatest
fortunes built by the great Eng-1
lish thread manufacturing con
cern, i
40 Years Ago
i Aug. 14, 191$
The ; hop-picking machine,
owned by T. A. Livesley and
company, hop dealers, began
work picking early hops on the
large - Livesley ranch near
Wheatland. This machine is the
second in Oregon, j .
With 100 convicts aboard, a
special train left Salem for Gas
ton' on the Southern Pacific.
The convicts were to pull the
flax in a field of I 100 acres,
planted by the Gaston Garden
company. The State Board of
Control approved the contract,
as the flax is to be transported
to the State penitentiary to be
made into tow.
: Marion county spent ' $28,
266.44 in improving the roads
of the county during the month
of July. Of this sum $8553.80
was spent for macademizing.
Mr. Engel admits he writes
from hindsight 'which is al
ways rafer for journalists. It is
nonetheless a bit presumptuous
for him to say just what the
Public Health Service "should
have done" to avert the trouble
arising from the Cutter vaccine.
Experience is still ; the greatest
teacher. This was a sad experi
ence, the more so because public
enthusiasm for the: vaccine had
been built up by the publicity
overplay on the vaccine. How
ever the "mess" likewise was
magnified out of proportion, and
Engel's article, while supplying
ir Jiy details of what happened
and assigning responsibility for
numerous shortcomings of the
Public Health Service, contri
butes to the macnifif atinn Tn the
long run the period of doubt will
appear as a very minor inter
stice in the history of the long
battle against polio.
Safety Valve
To Editor;
Jefferson said the least gov
ernment is the best government
nd J. Bracken Lee, Republican
governor of Utah believes it. His
announcement that he will vote
against Ike if the Democrats
nominate a better man such as
the governor of Ohio or Senator
Byrd of Virginia is exactly what
. all conservatives j should do.
Doubtless he feels that Ike has
not reduced government activi
ties and expenditures enough.
Gov. Lee has fought extrava
gance and waste all the way; he
tve'n dismissed the state fur
nished chauffer as needless and
drives the state car himself.
Others named Lee have re
ceived favorable mention and
Gov. Lee is good ! presidential
tmber. His actions contrast fa
vorably with those who waste
millions of public funds on
projects they think will win
votes.
There is small difference be
tween Democrats and Republi
cans; our troubles do not come
from Democrats, i they come
fiom "dealers"
J. M. Campbell,
Dallas, Ore.
When a male bird has incon
spicuous colors like the female,
he usually takes his turn in
brooding the eggs, but when he
is brilliantly colored, he usually
itays away from th nest.
U.S. Farmers
Meet Douglas
On Russ Tour
TASHKENT, Uzbek U.S.S.R., (
"Well, fancy meeting you here,
partner."
That was the way touring Amer
ican farm representatives met U.
S. Supreme Court Justice William
O. Douglas Saturday in the market
place of Tashkent
Douglas is touring the Soviet
Union, beginning here in the
Central Asian republics. With him!
is Robert Kennedy, counsel for the i
Senate subcommittee- on govern
ment operations.
The Supreme Court justice talk
ed with the touring farm
representatives about Tashkent
cotton, irrigation and other agri
cultural topics.
As to the ICS-degree heat here,
Douglas said, "That's nothing."
He had been through 135-degree
heat in his travels through India
and other countries before enter
ing the Soviet Union from the
south. ' I
Douglas said he intended to',
visit nussia s virgin lamuanas
where new acreage is being put
to the plow under the campaign
of the Soviet party boss, Nikita
Khrushchev, to raise more food.
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State Lawmakers
Protest Closure
Of Guard Station
WASHINGTON (UP) Three
Oregon lawmakers have protested
the Coast Guard plan to close the
lifeboat station at the mouth of
the Siuslaw river near Florence,
Ore.
Rep. Harris Ellsworth (R-Ore.)
sent a sharp complaint to Vice
Adm. Alfred C. Richmond, Coast
Guard commandant, protesting the
plan to substitute moorings and
seasonal protective service for the
lifeboat station.
Ellsworth's protest was quickly
followed by similar protests from
Democratic Sens., Wayne Morse
and Richard L. Neuberger.
The Coast Guard promised to re
view the situation. ,
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S 1 ; ,
! 5
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j Prices include Federal tax Charge or budget
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