U.S. Once Planned
To Give Strategic
to
Bo
bers
Russia
By ELTON C. FAY
Associated Press Military Affairs
Reporter
WASHINGTON Oft The United
States, whose greatest military
menace today is the Soviet long
range bombers, planned a decade
ago to present Russia with a stra
tegic air force.
The proposal to deliver heavy
bombers for organizing a strategic
air force during the latter part of
World War II included an arrange
ment to have American Air Force
personnel teach the Russians the
technique of using a heavy bomb
ardment fleet.
This long-seeret plan has now
been disclosed by publication of
the Yalta documents.
If the proposal, which was for
use in the war against Japan, had
been carried out, Russia would
have had a long range bomber
force almost five years before she
managed to build one copied in
iitally from planes seized by the
Soviets when American crews
landed crippeld B29s on Russian
territory, j
Pre-Yalta Plan
The idea deve'oped several
months before the Feoruarj 1945
Yalta meetings of Roosevelt Sta
lin and Churchill, at a time when
preliminary conferences were be
ing held to consider the possibility
of Russian entry into the war
against Japan. v I
A message from Maj. Gen, John :
R. Deane, who headed the war
time U. S. military mission in Mos
cow, and another from W. Averell
Harriman, j then ambassador to
Russia, contained the first refer
ences to the proposal. Both were
dated Oct. 15 1944. .
Harriman cabled President
Roosevelt that "Stalin said he
would be glad to receive four
engined bombers and instructors
to train a strategic air force for
Soviet use in the war against Ja
pan. The ambassador informed the
President that "I understood train
ing of crews could commence and
planes be . provided promptly, as
soon as an understanding "was
reached regarding their use."
Gave Objectives
Deane, in a message reporting
to the Joint Chiefs, of Staff in Wash
ington on a meeting with Stalin,
Churchill and other officials of the
Big Three powers. sat4
"I then gave them Ine strategic
objectives which you authorized
me, to suggest to them as coming
School Plans
Gain Ground '
AtOlympia
OLYMPIA, Wash. I A move
to put the state school building
program on a pay as you go basis
was approved by the Washington
Senate Saturday.
The solons also adopted the first
half of a program to pay for new
buildings at the state colleges, un
iversity and public institutions on
a current basis.
Meanwhile the House killed and
buried a proposal for a graduated
net income tax and removed the
"breakage" clause from the re
cently enacted abandoned proper
ty act.
Despite the flurry of action, the
legislators still were not far enough
advanced with their , major prob
lem of balancing the state budget
to conclude their work and windup
the special session before some
time next week.
A new fax-raising 'proposal was
presented, however. It would au
thorize a boost in the state sales
tax from 3 to 4 per cent.
The proposal was presented to
the Senate with bipartisan sup
port of Sens. Roderick Lindsay.
Spokane Democrat. John Happy,
Spokane Republican, and Francis
Pearson, Port Angeles Democrat.
Because the special session will
have to continue, the Senate went
along with the House in appropriat
ing additional funds to pay for the
legislators board and room allow
ance at the rate of $15 a day
through Sunday.
from you. This of course included
the part they might play in secur
ing the lines of communications
across the North Pacific.
"I told them : that the United
States was prepared to assist the
Soviet Union to the extent consist
ent with our commitments in the
war against Germany by , supply
ing munitions anc" particularly B24
aircraft for building up a Soviet
au- force, !
In a message from Harriman to
Roosevelt on Oct. 17, 1944, the am
bassador said Stalin "unqualifiedly
asserted that ' this strategic air
force would be built up for use
only in the Far East."
Deane, in a message to the Joint
Chiefs on the same date, said Sta
lin was ready to begin receiving
planes as soon as fields were pre
pared, but meanwhile thought 20
planes should be delivered for
training purposes.
No Strategic Planes
The B24s of World War II were
one of two types then classed as
heavy bombers, i They were used
by this country for strategic bomb
ardment missions in Europe and
the Southwest Pacific.
The Soviets had no strategic
bomber force, as such. They used
tactical-type light and medium
bombers only. Stalin and his mili
tary chiefs had displayed no known
interest in strategic bombers until
the United States offered to supply
them.
The Yalta papers and accom
panying documents do not make
clear why the plan was not carried
through. (Available Air Force rec
ords today show delivery of only
one B24 bomber to Russia, and
that apparently i was made some
time during 1942-43, presumably
under lend-lease).
Any one or a combination of
several factors may have caused
the plan to be dropped.
Very Heavy Bombers
The United States, -which by 1944
was bombing Japan with B29s
(then classed as very heavy bomb
ers) from far-away islands in the
Mariana group, sought tp conclude
an agreement with Russia for
American B29 bases in Siberia or
the maritime provinces.
The American proposal was
pressed during military staff meet
ings at the Yalta conference. Tent
ative agreement came from Soviet
commanders, subject to approval
by higher Russian authorities.
But the final approval failed to
materialize, and the United States
presumably lost interest, then, in
any plan to provide the Reds with
their own strategic air force.
There was a second development
which could have chilled the idea:
During the latter part of 1944 and
early 1945 five U. S. B29s made
emergency landings' on Russian
fields in Siberia after bombing
runs over Japan. Russia refused
o release any. of them.
Instead, copies were made, ap
pearing under the Soviet model
designation of TU4.
Statesman, Satan, Or., Monday, March 21, 1955 (Sec 2)-3
State College Weed Specialist Outlines Low-Cost Control Measures
By LILLIE L. MADSEN
Farm Editor,7 The Statesman
It's getting spring weed control
time, says Rex Warren, Oregon
State College, farm crops special
ist In order to get the most ef
fective weed . control at lowest
possible cost, the farmer should
work out his weed control sched
ule very carefully. Warren warns.
The crop specialist thas just
completed a schedule for some of
the state s most common weed
pests. -The most popular spray still
will be 2, 4-D, which is recom
mended in "amine form" for
Western Oregon and in the "ester
form for Eastern Oregon. Since
the ester form vaporizes rapidly
and is more likely to cause drift
damage to nearby susceptible
plants. Warren recommends using
it only for the more open areas of
Eastern Oregon. There are times,
as noted below, when ester form
is recommended even for Western
Oregon.
Here is the schedule as given by
Warren:
Weeds in all winter grains: West
ern Oregon's common weeds in
clude mustard, French pink and
vetch. Apply to 1 pound (norm
ally 114 to 2 pints) per acre of
2, 4-D amine after the grain is
well tillered but before it reaches
the boot stage. Normally spray
about April 1.
Canada thistle: Apply 1 to 1V4
pounds (2 to 3 pints), 2, 4-D per
acre while thistle is in the early
bud stage. It should not be sprayed
out of grain until the grain is six
inches , tall but before it reaches
the boot stage. On non-cropland,
the 2, 4-D rate may be increased
up to three pounds. ,
Weeds in beans and sweet corn:
Apply 3 to 6 pounds of dinitro
amine per acre in enough water
to get coverage, 30 to 60 gallons.
Apply one or two days before crop
emergence. Use 3 pounds of chemi
cal on sandy soil, six pounds on
heavier soils.
For best results, apply on a
smooth seedbed. The son surface
must be moist at time of spray
ing. Severe plant burning can be
caused if a heavy irrigation fol
lows application of the chemical
to a dry soil surface.
This control may be less ef
fective where furrow irrigation is
used since sprinkler irrigation or
rain help carry the chemical down
to the germinating weed seeds.
Morning glory: On fallow or un
cropped land, apply two pounds
2, 4-D per acre when morning
glory starts to bloom, about mid-
June. Spray morning glory out of
grain with 1 pound 2, 4-D per acre
after grain heads have filled.
Brush control: Apply three to
four pounds of 2, 4-D. or 2, 4, 5-T
(or a mixture of the two) in 100
gallons of water. Spray enough to,
wet the brush when it is in full
leaf. Tansy ragwort: Apply three
pounds 2, 4-D ester in 100 gallons
of - water. Spray before flower
stalks form. Good control can usu
ally be obtained from the first of
April to early June.
How to reduce spray "drift and
vapor" damage to susceptible
plants when spraying with 2, 4-D
and 2, 4, 5-T:
1. Spray only on calm days.
2. Use nozzies that deliver a
large-sized droplet In an OSC ex
periment, small "fine spray" drops
drifted 16 times as far as a normal
droplet when released at a spray
ing height of 24 feet in a four
mile wind. The small drops drifted
59 feet, the larger ones only 3
feet
3. Use only enough pressure so
that the nozzle operates properly.
Under most conditions, this means
20 to 40 pounds pressure per square
inch with each nozzle fixed to de
liver not less than one quart per
minute. Sprays applied under high
er pressure tend to form a fog or
mist which increases "drift haz
ard. . .
4. Use non-volatilizing materials
whenever possible, such as 2, 4-D
amine-type or low volatile forms
of 2, 4-D ester. But remember,
even though a product is low in
volatility, it still vaporizes.
Seattle Red
Probers Seek
Lost Witness
SEATTLE UP) The House Un-
American Actiuties Committee
continued a search Sunday .for a
Seattle Symphony Orchestra pian
ist who dropped from sight about
the time a subpoena was issued
for her appearance.
Rep. Harold Velde (R-IU) said
the subpoena for the witness, Mrs.
Helen Taverniti, will "be return
able in Washington, D. C, if neces
sary." The committee completed
its three-day sessions here Satur
day night with more than 150,000
words of testimony on the record.
Velde also disclosed that steps
have been taken to have its own
doctor examine Jerry O'Connell,
former Northwest political figure,
to determine if his physical condi
tion was such he could not attend.
A physician treating O'Connell,
an ex-Montana congressman and
former secretary of the Democrat
ic Party in Washington State, had
informed the committee he was
suffering from a heart condition
and was unable to make the trip
from his Great Falls, Mont., home.
Evaluating the testimony of the
19 witnesses heard, Velde said
most of the information obtained
and useful for legislative purposes
was already in the committee's
files.
But he added that the "commu
nist: menace comes home to the
public with greatest impact at local-level
hearings, involving their
neighbors."
Who'd support
your child if you
weren
there? Iff
1 f
Probe Planned
Of Vandalism
Of Nike Site
SEATTLE tfr At least one in
vestigator from the Portland office
of Army Engineers and possibly
more will arrive Monday to in
vestigate vandalism at a' Nik
guided missile installation at
Young's Lake, southeast of Seattle,
Col. Norman Matthias, district Ar
my engineer, announced.
We don't believe it was sabotage,
but there will be a thorough in
vestigation." Col. Matthias said.
The vandalism, which damaged
about $4,000 worth of electrical
equipment and forced a halt in
construction work, was discovered
Saturday. Two electric transform
ers were heavily damaged and
rabies cut leading to the site's sub
station. j Members of the Seattle district
council of carpenters have been
on strike at the site since last
Oct 28 over travel and Saturday
v overtime pay and welfare bene
fits. FBI Agent Richard Auerbach
said his office had been advised
but they had 'no word of violations
under their jurisdiction. j
The Cisco Construction Co. has,
had the contract for work at the;
site. The equipment was being in
stalled by a - subcontractor, the
SchulU Electric Co., of Pasco.
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