J:
12 Thi Statesman, Solan Oregon, Monday. Tan. IS. 1954
lite Approaches End of First j Year
As President Far More Seasone
Politically, Firmer in Leadership!
m
By DOUGLAS B. CORNELL!
.( and EO CREAGH !
WASHINGTON Uh DwightfD.
Eisenhower ends his first years in
the I White Bouse next Wednesday
fair more seasoned politically, pu
per4footed as a civilian leader
than the general-turned-politicjan
who took office Jan. 20, .1953. f
In spite of constant problems
and! harassing troubles, the con
tagious Eisenhower grin is stilt in
evidence. But that square Jaw
seems 'to jut out more than it
once did.
After 12 months in office Eisen
hower still can say, as in his can
didate days, "I don't know"! or
"I'm no expert on that" But j he
also can say "I want" and "1 ex
pect" f
Revealing Comment
A revealiAff comment was i of
fered in private conversation fthe
other day by an official of the
Budget Bureau, the agency which
translates into working dollars and
cents the plans and wishes of oth
ers in the government f
"In preparing the new budget,
this official said, "we often bear
the expression 'Eisenhower wants
this or 'Eisenhower wants that
You'd never have heard that
year ago. It never occurred! ta
mest people that The general
wouia nave opinions on sucn subjects."
A break-in, shakedown yeaf of
general steadiness on foreign r pot
icT with a eood deal more! ex
perimenting, some mind-changing
and Ion? oeriods of fact-eathering
in' home front affairs jiave
helped produce the Eisenhower of
today.
Toughness Advantage
If the President is politically
tougher, it's 'to his advantage.! For
a! rough, make-or-break yeat of
action and decision lies ahead.
with a full Eisenhower program
at last outlined and aroppea, into
a; closely divided Congress already
snarling with controversy.
The Dolitical stakes are enor
mous the success or failure of
the first Republican administration
irt turn riwarfps The wav the Pres
ent sms it. the GOP won' t de
serve to keep control of Congress
unless it puts nis program over,
i To Eisenhower, it is a "dynam
ic, progressive, forward-looking"
blueprint for a "stronger Ataen
ca and the welfare of ail Amen
cans. I
i Yet on manv of its detailsi-tax
es and farm policy among others
--the President already is on the
-defensive against many Demo
crats and some of his own party,
j Behind the program, however,
are the President's own pefsonal
popularity and omens of a 'grow
ing determination on his part to
take a stronger grip on the! reins
4-to let everybody know jit is
Dwight D. Eisenhower wh runs
this administration. ;
Desires to Get Along 1
1 The desire to get along with con
gressmen and .the people I about
him still is there, along with the
emphasis on teamwork. Eisenhow
er's lieutenants on Capitol Hill
plainly can differ with him on
matters of policy at time? and
Still stay on the team. f
! The late Sen. Robert A. Teft did
it. Sen. Knowland of California.
who succeeded Taft as GOP Sen
ate leader, has done it I
1 Even so, many lawmakers agree
there is something of a "new Ei
senhower" in the White House who
mav' be less willing to nlacate and
compromise than he was a year
'ago- " f
! It ' began . to become apparent
I when the President rammed
through Congress last yeaf, over
J opposition of the House ways and
Means Committee, a six months
' extension of the excess profits tax
j on corporations. i
There seemed to be more evi
dence: The manner in which Ei-
I senhower UDheld Harry Truman's
I patriotism in the face of m blast
against the former president by
Attv. Gen. Brownell: backed Sec
retary of State Dulles views over
those of Sen. McCarthy Ot-Wis):
and took command of the! prepar
ation of his legislative program
and conferences on it with con
gressional leaders. I
How much of this attitude car
ries over into election-winning pol
itics is someining use agm.
Raw Recruit
- The commanding general of the
victory in EuroDe was only a raw
recruit in politics. And jhe still
seems a bit ill at ease in his role
as head of the Republican Party,
with little taste for dabbling in
strategy and rough and tumble
electioneering. - I
His speeches at GOP tallies in
the year gone by have stressed
objectives and principles rather
than whinninff un his followers to
wild heights of whooping enthus
iasm, i
And his role in this year's heavy
battling for control of Congress
still is something of a f mystery.
Fispnhnwer's enressed ideas on
-that took some rapid shifts and
turns in the space of an October
fortnight. . I
First he told a news conference
ti tirin't intend to use the oresi-
dencv to try to swine oartison elec
tions, particularly at the state and
local levels., Rather, nei said, ne
honed to develon an enlightened.
progressive program as an um
brella under which Republican' can
didates could gather and campaign
to victory. ;
So it looked at that point as u
the President intended to stay Pret
ty much aloof from 1954 politics.
National Chairman
That broucht the Republican na
tional chairman, Leonard W. Hall,
running to the White House the
next day. He came out saying he
expected Eisenhower to take part
in the campaign at least 10 me
extent of talking about adminis
tration accomplishments.
A few days later, the cruel ex
ecutive told reporters of course
he wanted the Republicans te keep
control of Coneress. He indicated
he might make some speeches
plugging the GOP record, or oc
casionally pat a candidate on tne
back or have his picture taken
with him.
Only the next day the White
House let it be known Eisenhower
favored the election of all Repub
lican candidates everywhere, in
cluding Paul Troast, the contro
versial GOP candidate for gover
nor of New Jersey. Troast later
was beaten by a Democrat despite
the presidential -endorsement
There has been some backing
and filling in the handling of do
mestic affairs, too, as Eisenhow
er and his cabinet team re
cruited largely from the business
world he ereatlv admires found
theories of government tested in
the hot fires of reality.
There was much Republican talk
if not actual promises by Eisen
hower himself in 1952 and early
1953 about a balanced budget. But
months ago the President gave up
hone of accomplishing this in the
next fiscal year, which starts July
'Hard Money:
The administration had to modi
fy, too. the "hard money" policy
that had shoved up interest rates
on business, farm and home loans.
Similiarlv. an administration that
had called for fewer restrictions
on farmers ran into problems of
crop surpluses. The result was re
strictions in the form of acreage
limitations and production auotas.
But the original aim of an un-!
regimented agriculture is still I
there. The new farm program calls i
for keeping off the markets tne
huge crop surpluses in government
hands and using them for emer
gency stockpiles, school lunch pro
grams and the like.
It calls also for sliding price
supports in place of the present
rigid props. Congress is squaring
off for battle on that
In the touchy field of labor-man
agement relations, Eisenhower's
general - eet i - eovernment-out-ot-
the-wav nhilosonhv didn't stop him
- ' . . .
from recommending among nis
recent Taft-Hartley change propos
alsa system of government
held strike elections.
This looks like putting the gov
ernment nearer the middle of union-management
strife than it has
been since World War II days.
Balanced Budget
On taxes, I Eisenhower repeated
ly took the stand that a balanced
budget must be in sight "a
proved capacity" before there
could be any reductions.
"We claim." he said in his early
days in office, "that unless we
balance the budget, there will nev
er be any lowering of taxes."
Now he is saying Republican
economizing made it possible to
let the income tax come down
and the excess profits tax on cor
porations end on schedule Jan. 1.
balance or no balance.
The whole home front program.
in fact seems to show some' shift
in emphasis.
With some exceptions, the pro
gram was heavy on retrenchment
at first
Snenriinff came down. wage.
nrir and rent controls were droD-
per, the government took steps to
get out of competition witn pri
vate business, tens or tnousanos
of people were dropped from the
federal payroll.
Atomic Weapons Stressed :
This was accompanied by slash
es m the defense program, Dy
more stress on atomic aee weap
ons and air power and less on
manpower, and the adminis
tration claims by a net increase
in fighting power.
But the program Eisenhower
outlined in his State of the Union
message to Congress Jan. 7 env
hrares anti-deoression measures.
public works, highway expansion,
housing and neaitn plans, neip tor
states in building schools and hos
pitals, unemployment insurance
for million more workers.
Still, the President is proposing
another 5 billion dollar reduction
in eovernment spending.
Democrats took a look at the
revised program and chortled that
Eisenhower has taken over ootn
the Roosevelt New Deal and the
Tniman "Fair DeaL"
It is in the field of foreign policy
that Eisenhower and his adminis
tration have followed a relatively
straight tine, insisting on free
world unity and on American lead
ership in getting it
.Gradually there has been
hanfff from the Truman policy
of containment of fencing in Com
munism, to one of attempting to
crab the Initiative in the cold war.
Elsenhower sparked the hopes
of the world with challenges to
Russia last AorUi to loin in dis
armament and tof show by deeds
rather than words5 that the Krem
lin wants peace. J j
Rritrht Snark "II
He struck an even brighter spark
in December with his plan for pool
ing atomic materials for peaceful
purposes as -a start toward eas
ing tensions and avoiding tne nor
mr nf another war.
The President lean look back.
too, on a year that brought about
an armistice, thoueh a shaky one.
in Korea, stepped up aid to the
French fighting Reds in mdocni
na, food for East Germans rebell
ing a?ainsi Soviet tyranny, and a
law to give more European refu
gees an American haven.
By reorganization plans, and oy
nersonal initiative. Eisenhower has
started changing? the lace ot gov
He has in effect enlarged the
cabinet by making Budget Direc
tor Josenh M. Dodge. United Na-
tinn Ambassador Henry Cabot
Lodge, Jr., and Civil service um
mission Chairman Philip Young
rptnilar attendants at its meeting.
More important, perhaps, ne nas
enlarged the National Security
Council and given it new, com
manding status in the making of
security policies.
F.ninvs Work !
On the personal level, does Ei
senhower like his job after 12
months in it? '
Ask him and he's likely to say.
with a somewhat embarrassed
laugh, that his ! isn't the sort of
job a man takes because he en
joys the work. .
One thine he doesn t like any
more than Harry Truman or
Franklin D. Roosevelt did is
the confined, goldfishbowl - luce
existence of a White House ten
ant. I
He gets away from the White
House indeed, away from Wash
ington as often as he can. And
he makes no apologies to those
who think he vacations too much
in Augusta. Ga: or elsewhere. He
says plainly that he needs the
change of scene and pace.
An active man, Eisenhower sore
ly misses the golf he s been forced
to curtail. His doctors, wnue pro
nouncing him in fine snape for a
man of 63, would like him to play
more often than he does. Those
close to the President say nothing
cpems to relax! him so thoroughly
as a round such as he played
in chilly, overcast weather - tne
January afternoon of his State
of the Union f address. It's just
what he needs to "get out the
kinks." as one of his secretaries
put it !
i .
in
(Always Open Friday Eves.
HOES : . -
Ford Defends
Intertational
Cooperation
5 5
PHILADELPHIA M - Henry
Ford II Saturday night assailed
"powerful and grimly negative"
Americans who would junk the
policy of international coopera
tion. !
Ha called, instead, for the Uni
ted States to i "step forth with a
hard-hitting program to speed the
peaceful and orderly development
of the underdeveloped areas ot tne
arth" V
Ford's remarks were contained
in a speech ! accepting the Poor
Richard Club's 1954 gold medal
award.
The Eisenhower administration,
he declared, is trying to provide
America with the "positive foreisn
nolicv" it wants. But, he con
tinued: I
"Unfortunately, our positive ini
tiative is being hampered by a
powerful and grimly i negative
group in American politics.
"Speaking, I 1 hope, as a good
Republican, surely we can have
sound and efficient policies at
home without throwing interna
tional cooperation into the ash
can. j
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Top Officials
Disctiss Atom
PeacfePlan
WASHINGTON Too-officials
of the government held two secret
conferences Saturday on ways to
use atomic sower for peace and
defend the country against atom
ic war. i
One meeting at the White House.
with President Eisenhower Presid
ing, reportedly set diplomatic stra- j
tegy to be f used in wrtncoming
talks with Russia about the rresi-
font'c ntnmcfnr-Twaop nlan.
The other j; equally guaroea ses
sion at the Capitol brought togetn
er defense chiefs and key senators,
rmp nf the senators, declining to.
permit bis name to be used, said
they discussed matters "too secret
toe ven talk about" that had to do
with defense of the continent
against possible atomic attack.
Piece of Knife Blade
Found in Skull of Man
STAMFORD. Conn. OPr-Phvsi-
dans treating 53-year-old Lacy
Baker for a stab wound in the
head were puzzled when they
found a one-inch piece of knife
Made imbedded in bis skulL The
blade on the jack-knife used by
Bakers assailant was intact.
iLLer recalled that he had
been the victim of a previous
knife assault in a fracas in
Philadelphia 19 years before. The
niece ei steel never had bothered
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