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About The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 15, 1953)
4 Statesman. Salem, Orti fc&f (jDnfi0lltatE8Tliatt Time on'Helh Canyon HcarinV "No Favor Sway Us No Fear Shall Awe" ' Frees Vint Stottmua, March 28, 1S51 Statesman Publishing Company CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor yd Publisher Published vcrr morninf. Business of fie SM ' North Church St- Salem. Ore, Telephone 1-1441 Entered at the postoffic at Salem. class matter under act of Confress Member Associated Press , The Associated Press Is entitled excluaively to the use for republication of all local news printed in -this newspaper Krushchev Now a Triumvir The Russian triumvirate is restored with the designation of Nikita S. Krushchev as first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist party. He ranks now with Premier Malenkov and Foreign Minister Mol otov in the highest ruling circle of the USSR. As party executivehe controls the apparatus of the organization which was the vehicle on which Stalin rode to power. It begins to appear that the transition from Stalin toi the triumvirate has been made with out the degree of internal fending which had been predicted. Lavrenti Beria was deposed and now awaits trial as an enemy of the state; and there were several shifts in high stations in Moscow and the member republics; but the hierarchy seems to have closed its ranks without extensive purges. Maybe they will come; or again they may be merely the illu sions of wishful thinking which has charac terized the western attitude toward bolshev Ism since its birth. The heresy has shown greater vitality than ever seemed possible. At any rate it is apparent other nations will have to do business with Malenkov & Co. if they want to deal with Russia at all. Internal revolution seems remote, aAd even the historic competition for power appears to have been shortlived. The triumvirate of Ma lenkov, Krushchev and Molotov is Fact No. One for post-Stalin Russia. What change if - any that will signify for Russian foreign po licy is not clear; so far it appears to be a Stalin continuum though with overtones of desire to ease some of the international ten sions, if that can be done with no damage to the USSR. The triumph of Chancellor Adenauer In Germany really puts France on the spot. The venerable German and his party stood for cooperation with western Europe and the United States. France has been taking the line of including Germany out in consider able measure, being fearful of the resurgence of German military and economic power. France can't sit on the fence forever, though it has shown remarkable capacity for not making up its mind in the postwar period. The Dalles Chronicle discussing the recent fish "battle" at Celilo Falls looks forward to one solution of the old problem of Indian fisheries, noting that construction of The Dal les dam "in a matter of a few years will eliminate the Celilo fishery and relieve more than one splitting headache." This permits adding one more "benefit" to this "multipur pose" dam. Tennyson's Enoch Arden story gets a rerun these days as the vanished in the Korean war emerge from POW camps, some of them to find their wives had married others in their long absence. These heartbreaks dampen the joy of regained freedom; and all that can be done is to let the individuals concerned work out their personal problems. Dulles1 Two Foreign Policy Gambles Said To Have Paid Off Handsomely in Each Case BY JOSEPH and STEWART ALSOP WASHINGTON Few people think of Secretary of State John Foster Dulles as a dashing and fearless gambler, on the old Mississippi riv er pattern, will ing to risk all oa Athe turn of f . , card. It is some how cumcuit 10 imagine the Mi Secretary o f State in this role. Yet the fact is that Dulles, in the few short 4 Juwrph. AioQ months since he became , Sec retary, has at least twice coolly accepted .the most appalling risks. The further fact is that the Dulles gambles have in both cases paid off handsomely. B o t h the Dulles gambles were unknown or unnoticed at the time, , al though both played a vital role in events of enormous - world importance. Dulles accepted one hair - raising risk, on the oc casion of his vis j t to Indian J, Slrwwrt A ! j j Prime Minister Pandit Nehru in New Delhi late in May. The Korean truce talks al ready started at this time But the familiar signs of Communist intransigeance were clearly ap parent; and the talks seemed in immediate danger of bogging down once more. In a conversa tion with Nehru, Dulles told the Indian Premier flatly and sober ly that if the talks broke down again, the United State would nave no choice but to "enlarge the war." This obviously meant direct military action against Communist China. Nehru's immediate reaction as expected by Dulles was to convey this vitally important in formation instantly - to the la 0 Tuesday, September 15, 1953 The Federal over backwards to see that both sides in the ' controversy oyer power development at Hells Canyon have' time to ' prepare and present their case. Mrs. Evelyn Cooper, attorney loir the proponents of public power protests that . she is denied sufficient time for her prepara tion under the order to resume the hearings today. She may be overplaying hex alleged difficulty; even so it would not have, been serious to postpone the hearings for another month or two. Hells Canyon has been a sub ject of study and of debate since 1948, but the question is one of such magnitude' that its answer is not one that comes quickly. Before the Eisenhower administration came to power, government agencies, the Bureau of Reclamation and Corps of Engineers, car ried the ball for federal development of the power resource of the Snake River at Hells Canyon. About all the citizens who favored this program; had to do was to stand back and applaud.! -When Secretary McKay took Interior and the Bureau off the promotion list, and when the Corps backed up too, the private bodied had to organize and step into the breach. It is not surprising that they make a plea for more time. A few weeks' longer delay probably would not alter the final decision. Administration policy seems to favor private development in Hells Canyon!. The FPC Jias its own engineers studying the question, and their conclusions may carry more weight than the ex parte tes timony of witnesses. The citizens' group how ever would be more apt to accept an adverse decision if they felt they had had 'ample op portuny to prepare their case. Now they may claim the "umpire" was against them to be gin with. Ore. as cond March 3. 1S7S. Now the redoubtable Joe McCarthy is tak ing on the U.S. Army. Evidently with Scott McLeod handling personnel and security in State, Joe feels he can plow in other fields. Editorial Comment CHALLENGE TO ADVENTURE Will tomorrow's stenographers be recruited from the ranks of six- and seven-year-olds? They might if little Marsha Howard had her way. Five-year-old Marsha, reports the Associated Press from Springfield, 111., came home from kin dergarten after only one hour of it to pour forth her disillusion; to her mother: "Mom, they don't teach any shorthand or typ ing there. They just have things for little kids, like blocks and sand." While Marsha's attitude could hardly be called typical, neither is it unique. A young lad of our own acquaintance returned from his first day at school to report to his mother he didn't care about going back because after a whole day here "I haven't even learned to read yet." But despite' this zeal for learning which trig gers some youngsters of the atomic age to expect more than any school system yet devised can quite deliver, many more young Americans are walking into schoolrooms this September than are walking out on them. The nation's schools are bulging with some 30, 000,000 children, reported to be the largest en rollment on record. Elementary schools alone are short some 70,000 teachers. Yet can this era offer a single adventure more challenging than teaching these young learners tomorrow's adventurers into space the indispen sable rudiments they must master before they can face an unlimited future? Christian Science Monitor dian Ambassador in Peking, Edyan Raghavan. The Ambassa dor in turn passed the informa tion on, as Dulles had also ex pected, to the Chinese Commu nist rulers. The truce talks immediately took a turn for the better. Dulles is known to believt that his oblique warning, conveyed through Nehru may have made the truce possible: It was in fact, the culmination of a shrewdly conceived and care fully executed policy, first pro posed: by Dulles on the Presi dent's post-election trip to Korea, this policy was designed to sug gest to the Communists that the alternative to a truce was a greatly enlarged war, without definitely committing the United States. The "unleashing' of Chiang Kai Shek, militarily meaningless, was designed to produce this psychological effect; so were certain statements by influen tial Republican senators. But even in retrospect, the risk Dulles took in New Delhi was downright hair-raising. If It had not paid off the United States would have had to choose be tween being exposed in an empty Muff, and accepting a long war with China. This war would have been opposed by all the Western allies, and it would have involved the clear risk of world war at a time when Ameri can defenses were actually being cot back. But the gamble did pay off. So did another gamble, almost equally hair-raising. Last' May 28, Iran's deposed Premier, Mo hammed Mossadegh, wrote a let ter to President Eisenhower de manding immediate financial aid. This was political blackmail, for Mossaregh had already let it be known that, if the United States refused to help, he could look only to the Soviet Union for support abroad. Whea the stakes are as Ugh as the whole Middle East which would certainly in the end follow Iran into the Soviet camp It is aot easy to defy the blackmailer.' Dulles nevertheless Power Commission should lean' With Paul Fagan, owner of the San Fran cisco Seals, threatening to kill the club in 1954, SF spcirts fans have become aroused. Some even are advocating that the city buy the Seals for later resale. We'd be much sur prised if socialism creeps that far. advised the President not to pay the blackmailer's price. Ameri can Ambassador to Iran Loy Henderson and Assistant Secre tary of State for the Middle East Henry A. Byroade concurred. Accordingly, a policy of studied indifference was adopt ed. Eisenhower waited a full month before replying to Mossa degh's letter, and then coolly in formed him in effect that the United States could not help a country which refused to exploit its own natural resources. Hen derson took a long leave in Switzerland, to underline this country's indifference to Mossa degh's self-imposed financial plight The nightmarish nature of the risk involved became quite evi dent when the Shah fled the country, and the Tudeh, with Mossadegh's acquiescence, took to the streets of Teheran. For at least two days it looked as though Iran and the Middle East were slipping down the drain. One of those who had con curred in Dulle's gamble has ad mitted that he could not sleep a wink for these forty-eight hours. Then came the counter-revelation and the return of the Shah. The danger in Iran, as in Korea, is far front over. Bat the fact remains that the terrifying gamble Dalles took has paid off, in Iran as in Korea. Dulles has certainly made bad mistakes, like his famous state ment on the German elections (although, surprisingly. Chancel lor Adenauer cabled him both before and after the election, thanking him warmly for his support) Dulles has also often seemed more willing to show courage in dealing with the Mossadeghs and Mao Tse Tungs of this world than with the ex tremists of his own party. Yet Dulles has certainly shown the guts to take shrewdly calculated, bold gambles, and as long as these gambles pay off as hand somely as they have in Korea and Iran, Dulles deserves full credit for taking them. (Coryrigkt us) New York Herald Tribune. Inc.) GRIN AND BEAR "An ComrWosf... spare a and other Capitalist nontens nonseoso to Inside TV . . . Ed Wynn Debuts On TV This Fall By EVE STARR HOLLYWOOD TELETORIAL: Should a TV show be live or filmed? That little question still causes endless arguments. Big name performers, like Red Skelton, have battled with networks and agencies over the issue. m I. . r Actually, there i Si mand any more '.. m U can't be dug deeper, as any good Nielson rating expert can tell you. The one exception to the fact that the material is what counts, live or filmed, is the current event A sports contest, a Coronation, and Inaugural anything where one of the big elements is the timeliness of the action, gains stature and interest by being a live show. If sponsors, agencies, and networks should stop fighting and use .this simple yardstick, they could give a great deal more time to improving the show itself. Ed Wynn will probably have the largest TV audience of any performer yet when he debuts on CBS-TV this fall in a half-hour weekly show. His followers are legion. Cartoonist Robe Goldberg has no small number of rooters, either. Put the two together, with Wynn emceeing the TV series based on Goldberg's ideas and sket ches, and we ought to see a show worth' watching. STARR BXCLUSIVES: Basketball, one of the most pop ular sports on TV, gets the full treatment this winter from the DuMont network, which will telecast 14 Saturday after noon games of the National Basketball Assn. from Dec. 12 to March 13. This marks the first time a network has carried NBA games in the afternoon . . . Ships are christened with champagne bottles, but a silver shovel ( to scoop up the gold en coin?) was used in ground-breaking ceremonies for WR TV in Asbury Park, N. J. . . . The "problems" in "This Is Show Business," popular CBS show with Clifton Fddiman, George S. Kaufman and Sam Levenson, will be replaced by discussions, anecdotes and show news items, when this pro gram starts its fifth season Sept. 15 . . . NBC's "Ding Dong School" was named the best children's program during the first six months of this year by the American Legion Auxili ary. (Copyright 1953. General Features Corp.) Time Flies FROM STATESMAN FILES 10 Years Ago Sept 15, 1943 Judge Samuel I.. Rosenman, one of President Roosevelt's closest advisers, is quitting the bench to devote full time to the President whom he has been associated with since 1928. Spoilage of 2200 boxes of prunes, for the lack of manpow er, was reported by the Salem canner's committee. Mrs. George "Babe Didrick son Zaharias cancelled a pro josed golfing tour of Pacific Coast cities with Patty Berg of Minneapolis, for fear of losing her amateur standing. 25 Years Ago Sept 15, 1928 A Caproni cast of Sacajawea leading the white men to the far West was hung in the lower hall at Leslie Junior high school. The work of art was the gift of the graduating class. The United States polo team to meet Argentina's four for the championship of the Americas in the new International cup se ries at Meadowbrook, was se lected by the United States Polo association. They were W. Averill Harriman, Tommy Hit-chcock, Jr., Malcolm Steven son and J. Cheever Cowdin. Miss Adeline M. Hughes, R. N. Superintendent of the Salem General hospital resigned, re ported H. S. Gile, president of the hospital's board of trustees. 40 Years Ago Sept 15, 1913 Under new military laws Ger many will , call on a hundred thousand more men each year to serve in the army. Officers and officials living abroad are grant ed leave for two years. The sixtieth anniversary of the arrival in Salem of J. R. Wright, the steward at the IT By Lichty IMMNfwwtS your cars. fofeWsfo consider owuiorod yon are" is onlv one test the material. from Does it matter, for instance, if a dramatic show is filmed or live so long as it entertains the view ers? They don't care just ask them. Take the top comedy show, "I Love Lucy." Would it be any better live? It probably wouldn't be as good. And even if live, it wouldn't com- viewers than now. Some wells OTP inmnmra (Continued from page one) on schedule; but he may not be as adamant on these. He didn't have to work very hard to kill off the sales tax. 1954 is an election year, which is not one to encourage adop tion of an irritating tax that touches every pocketbook when it opens. Also a majority of the states have sales taxes them selves,, and they will not appre ciate any invasion of their tax ing domain. They claim "nibs' on that revenue source. The taxgatherers and spend ers will be going round and round in the next few months trying to make .their hands touch. The prospect of a rain of H-bombs makes congressmen and others shiver from fright But self-defense on top of main taining allied defense is cost ly. Where to get the revenues to insure security is a most dif ficult search. Those who ran for office ad vocated cuts in- spending, but tiTey shrink from that when realities confront them. And when they try to think up schemes for raising more reve v nue there's old Dan Reed ready ' with his hypodermic, eager to administer lethal sleep to all proposals for increasing the tax take from the people of the USA. State hospital and who was may or of Salem in 1870 was cele brated. Mr. Wright had the dis tinction of starting Salem's first fire department 'o. F. Spencer, associate direc tor of the Temple of Childhood for the Panama-Pacific Interna tional exposition in San Fran cisco, was in Salem making ar rangements for the photographs of prospective baby beauty con test The prizes amount to 325,-000. Tho Oatis Secret Police Begin, Their Wotk Ion Oaf is I it i iii it nr ! T f wr' iirim nitTnTrrT""1- mtmM In front of Stalin portrait, William Oatls was quizzed by Cztch official calling himself 1h Boss." Sketch Is by AP Artist Ed Gunder. r (EDITOK'S NOTE: ThU It one of a verlet of articles la which William N. OaUs. Associated Press correspondent who spent more than two years In JaU In Czechoslovakia, recounts his experiences.) By WILLIAM N. OATIS (Copyright 1953 by The Associated Fress) One day in November of 1950 a postcard summoned me to the Prague office that issued residence permits to foreigners in Czecho slovakia. There would be a talk, the card said, about my latest applica tion for such a permit By special arrangement, I had been carry ing on my work as an Associated Press correspondent in Czechoslo vakia by virtue of successive ex tension of my residence permit despite the fact that I had been deprived of my official accredita tion, or working permit t the end of September. I went to the office and was taken before a strange man a very strange man. His eyes were a cool, pale blue behind thick steel-rimmed glasses, and under them the flesh was folded into pouches. His hair was washed-out blond. His face had the pallor of a dead fish. It was twisted into an exaggerated grin. This, I thought with a little chill inside, is what a secret policeman looks like some thing like an unhealthy lizard, come from some sunless cave. He motioned me to a chair, sat down again himself and beamed at me through several awkward seconds. Then a second man came in, laid aside coat and briefcase and seated himself be side me as interpreter. The Fatal Letter "We must apologize for the pictures," said the first man, in Czech. I looked up at the walls and saw a sunny landscape and a bright military portrait of J. V. Stalin. I wondered why a Com munist policeman should be apologizing for Stalin. But my weird new acquaint ance had already passed on to the subjects of "our party" and "political defense." He said the party believed in, criticism and self-criticism. Self-criticism, he continued, was really like con fession in the church: If a man had something on his conscience, he told it and felt better after ward: I wondered what he was leading up to. Then my interrogator said, "A citizen of Czechoslovakia is un der arrest and has mentioned your name." I was surprised. I said I could not imagine who it could be. He pulled something from a file on his desk, held it up and said, "Have you ever seen this before?" It was a typewritten sheet of yellow paper that had been torn to pieces and then pasted to gether again. "That," I replied, "looks like a letter that a man named Jan Stransky wrote in my office one Sunday last August" Enter The Boss' I told the story: Stransky, a labor-camp inmate on a Sunday pass, had walked into my office and told me he was looking for his former employer, Russell Jones of the United Press bu reau of Prague, with the idea of talking to him about getting his old job back when he should be free again. Since Stransky could not find Jones, he wrote that letter in my office and I gave it to Jones when I saw him next day at the student congress. Jones tore the letter up and threw it away, right there. "Do you know what was in that letter?" said my questioner. "No. I told, him, I had not read it ' The man finished his notetak ing and turned to other subjects. He told me not to get my impres sions of Czechoslovakia from Czechs who spoke English the better educated Czechs but from the workers. He advised me against "unof ficial reporting," which meant taking news from other than official sources. When I asked. "Who have I been talking to?" he flashed that hideous smile. "Just call me the Boss," he said. Friend Or Fee? "Do you think 111 get my ac creditation back?" I asked. Again the smile. Then a pause. And finally, "Yes." On the way out the interpreter caught . up with me in a chilly corridor. He was going to lunch, and invited me to go along. I agreed. We went across the street to the Representation House, a community hal in the spacious, ornate style of the turn of the century. He said he was not a police Story S St 3. ! man but worked in the press de partment of Prime Minister An tonin Zapotocky's office. He told me his name was Antonin Kra tochviL In the three months that fol lowed, this man invited me out about every two weeks, and I al most always went He was a fascinating puzzle to me. On the one hand, he spoke familiarly of events in the prime minister's office. On the other, he talked about meeting "our mutual friend" and reading the file the police kept on me. Busy Tipster I was careful of what I said to him, and I was careful to pick up my share of the checks. Once he tipped me off that a Slovak bishop was to be tried in Kosice. (Three Slovak bishops later were tried in Bratislava.) The1 next time he saw me, he asked if I had made a story out of his tip. I said I had not. "I gave it to you to help you," he told me. "I didn't think they'd like it," I replied. "I ' don't think" they would have," he said, and laughed. On another occasion, he told me how the Greek Catholic Church in Slovakia had been wiped out in 1950 and how many priests had been arrested in the process. 'You're All Right Unless' He ' suggested that to evade of ficial scrutiny, I send the story abroad through the U. S. Em bassy. I told him I never would do a thing like that He said other correspondents did it "I don't care what they do," I said: 'I'm not going to do it." Kratochvil once had told me, "They think you're a spy." But on another occasion, he said, "Your case looks much better since we made this contact." Late in February, Kratochvil telephoned me to meet him at a coffee shop for "some good news about your accreditation." There he told me it would be restored soon. And it was. I thought I had won won in i fight to convince the secret police that I was a legitimate foreign correspondent, and not a spy. But I forgot something that Kra tochvil had told me the day we first met "You're all right," he had said, "unless they want you for a propaganda trial." (Tomorrow: Series of Arrests.) NOTICE Or FINAL. HEARTNO As executor of the estate of HERB ERT L. STIFT. deceased, tho under lie id has filed in Circuit Court of Oregon for Marlon County, In Pro bate, his final account In estate of said decedent, and September 30, 1853. 9:15 o'clock a.m., and courtroom of said court have been appointed by said court tor hearing of objections to said account and setUement there of. , ' HERBERT L. STIFT, JR As Executor Aforesaid Wallace P. Carson and Allan G. Carson. Attorneys for Executor ! An. IB, 25. So. 1. I. U. FOR SALE Attractive 2 Bedroom dwelling with unfinished upstairs. Hardwood floors and oil heat. Attached garage. Large lot with family fruit trees. See at 3810 La Branch Ave. Call Pioneer Trust Company 3-3136 For Details of Sale. Dr. "Robert J. Williamson Announces the Opening of a Practice. ' In Optometry With Offices Located in the Livestey j . M ' . . Building Salem, Oregon.1 1 r 'J- ; ! Evening Hours Monday Thru Friday Saturdays 9 A.M. to 5 P.M. . Examination By Appointment Telephone 3 Mistakes On Reds' Part Unify Allies By J. M. ROBERTS Jr. Associated Press News Analyst The Communists have- demon strated again that they are the best friends of Allied unity. - In the bare few days since the secial session of the U. N. General Assembly adopted its proposals for the Korean confere nee, the Reds have- made three big mistakes. First the Reds attempted to in filtrate the West German polling places with thousands of terrorists and failed. It gave Western peoples, some of whom were wishfully thinking (hat a German settlement might be possible, a good look at bow the Reds would act in con nection with any all-German elec tions. o Then it was revealed that Red China was still holding Allied pris oners from the Korean War on pre texts which were totally unaccept able to Western minds. It served to emphasize the . long-standing thought that the Communists would never understand anvthin rnt brute force. Now they are forcing a new de bate in the U. N. on the makeup of the Korean conference, reviving issues which already have been de cided by overwhelming votes. . This is too much for the nations which originally leaned toward the idea of a round-table conference which would go on from the Korean to other Asiatic problems in the hope of a general settlement o Even Britain indicates that she will now switch to the U. S. side. The Communists have pressed their divisive attempts too far. Britain also was shocked by the recent attack on one of her naval vessels. To win her argument in the spe cial session, the United States had te adopt steam-roller tactics which left many a sore spot among her friends. Observers confidently pre dicted that this would plague her as time went on. But Western ranks now are lend ing to close up in the face of Com munist pressure, as has happened so often in the past few years. Britain has agreed to drop her pressure for immediate admission of Red China to the U. N thus relieving the U. VS. delegation of an extremely ticklish political prob lem at home. o o This relief is especially welcome at the moment, since the U. S, delegation enters the new session of the Assembly against a back ground of increasing domestic criti cism of the United Nations. v There is probably 'more ' talk about withdrawing from the U. N. now than there has been since the early days of Russian veto, veto, veto. A definite move in Congress to withdraw funds from the world organization can be expected any time the delegation is forced into a compromising hole. The rift between Congress and the U. N. over the handling of American employes who are con sidered security risks grows deeper and deeper. There is virtually no prospect that such threats would gain ef fective approval. But they can and do affect relations both within and without the V. N. The international boat will continue to rock until America is satisfied that there is a united front among the Western Allies against the Communists and all their works. HE WASN'T YOUNG NEW BRITAIN, Conn. (JP) No one will ever know for sure whether Isaac A. Alkas was 124 or 127 years old when he died. His 90-year-old window and state records gave his age as 127. Alkas always insisted, however, that he was three years younger. 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