. ' i - ! I : !"'' ; -! J . : y ! : :. - - . 1 J I' " ": '" 1 - j TOUNDHD 1651 j 1C3BD YEAR j ; 14 PAGES Th Oron Slotesmcra, Scdcm, Oregon, Tuesday, August 11 1953 - i i i i i i i -! h ! .-. J nn Mate Hot jpast Wind Boosts Fire Traffic Division Display Toys for Blind j J p n iiimnii i w i m i m n wiim ii. i i n'l nfc w t ?. ? ' Rejected by City - ' I By CONRAD PRANGE T N? ' j , I , .j, Staff Writer, The Statesman I- "t ' - - V y"74 ' ' Salem City Council Monday night turned down a proposal to ' " A ' "I 1 establish police traffic division, accepted a bid for a new Cheme- j ' s LlJk 1 . J I i . ' i I Keu a tree i orjujc uiu oeva a proposal io exiena uram dcnooii J ? , j V jf II k new plan, proposed by Pobce 'Wt-'i' V X ' ; H r Chief Clyde A. Warren, in pur- f; J A Vk IJ .J chasing autos for the Salem po- i' vA ' nm iw HTi. . .... M - , i y s lice department. f: J i : . , lli M Mil liiLM A "Port froffl e police chief If . A - V ' ' il Xii.. nHI n n I R HH nd CitT Manager J. L. Franzen 11 V- V1 ' The California Oregon Power Company is applying for anf In crease in electric rates.! Charles Heltzel, public utilities I commis sioner, has set Aug. 18th in Med ford as the time and place forkhe hearing on the application. Led by the Rosebur? Chamber of Commerce consumers in South ern Oregon are getting ready to resist the higher rates. iThey will hold meeting today in Bed ford to consider ways and means. This indicates that utilities will have to take into account mors consumer resistance. Sometimes such ressitance pays little atten tion to facts and figures and is based on hostility to the "oftu pus" whether of electric -powef or of telephone communications. That doesnt show up in the Hse burg instance where the Chamber is not engaging in uulity-bajtlng. There is a general feeling that consumers do not have much! to say in the fixing of rates. Thai is not so. In the recently concluded telephone rate hearings (the Cfity f Portland appeared and pre sented vigorous opposition to be Also the Public! Utilities cm missioner's office through its ex perts and its counsel endeavoif to protect the consumer interest They do this by introducing tes timony, by questioning witnese and arguing the matter. A vet eran in the Department is Joe Kennedy who heads the utility di- vision. He receives all the finan cial reports ofpublie utilities fld checks on the progress of their earnings from month to month. He knows about as soon las com pany officials whether earniegs are reaching, or falling shortfor exceeding a fair return.! Wljen he takes the stand, as he didpn the telephone hearing, (Continued on Editorial Page .) Blimp Back, I Draivs Many I Spectators 1 The blimp was back in Salem Monday morning and on display at the U. S. Naval Air FaciEty through the daylight hours. About 500 people watched the airship land and j steady crowds poured through the machine All day and into early evening.) . The 265-foot long, non-riged type bump cruised over Salem for several minutes Monday before landing at the field at 10:20 a. m. En route from Seattle, Wash., to Santa Ana, Calif., oi a routine flight, thej craft had : pre viously stopped overnight fin Salem Juh? 29 on its way north from Santa Ana. Mil An uneventful landing was Ne gotiated by the blimp's skipper and several hundred pounds ? of sacked gravel were put , on the ledge surrounding the gondola Ho keep the craft on Ithe ground, pn its northbound flight j the craft had had slight difficulty in land ing because of winds. The bilge silver "flying cigar" will kve Salem about 7:45 1: o'clock this morning. , I ; U Animal Crackers Bv WARREN COOORrCH "It was an interesting . COuSTSHiP-I FDUNP W(JR MOTHER AT7WE POUND- COS $212 -Worth tvzuY pi vwy. The council also agreed to try a new plan, proposed by Police Chief Clyde A. Warren, in pur chasing, autos for the Salem po lice department. A. report from the police chief and City Manager J. L. Franzen put the skids to a proposal by Alderman- Thomas Armstrong that a separate traffic division be created in Salem police de partment. Expanded Force Such a division, said the report, would mean the addition of 10 new men and two more autos to Alderman- Thomas Armstrong I J ' ; V , M u I that a separate traffic division I I f ; J f ; Vv : ; I be created in Salem police de- yA f ' ' . - v I fT Such a division, said the report, I , 1 4 I the force and to the city's already straining budget Reports from other cities in this area showed they are either dropping their traffic divisions i or their ideas of starting them. The council initiated, but stressed it did not approve, a plan to vacate a block of Gaines Street, between North Cottage and Winter Streets on the north edge of Grant School blocf in north Salem. The petition from Salem Public School system calls for a public hearing and consid eration by the City Planning and Zoning Commission. Attorney Robert DeArmond for the school board said the school system has an option to buy property abutting on the north side of Gaines Street there If the street is vacated and if the property sales go through the resultant expansion will be used for playground area. " Negotiation Okehed Because Chief of Police War ren told the council the, force's "present equipment is giving us lots of trouble." the council voted to let City Manager Fran zen "negotiate" with three local auto dealers whose bids on five new police cars , were opened Monday night. , . Valley Motor Company was low bidder with a total net price (minus trade-in allowance) of $5,182. Other bidders were Doug las McKay Co., $5,291, and Stan Baker Motors, $8,145. Chief Warren .suggested the city purchase cars from each of the firms. . A year's driving, he told the council, would show which make was the most eco nomical to operate. The council agreed and directed Franzen to talk it over with the dealers and to report back. Bridge Bid Taken A low bid of $19,987 on the new proposed Chemeketa Street bridge over Mill Creek, sub mitted by O. C. Bernardy, was accepted by the council. Only other bidder .was H. G. Carl, $21,228. An ordinance allowing R. O. Lewis to build apartments just north of State Street between 21st and 23rd streets, won ap proval. Approval also was shown to an application from Salem Chamber of Commerce to erect street signs in Salem hailing the State Fair. - ' - A report from Franzen that it will cost $4,500 to erect a 10-foot high fence around the Fairmount Hill Reservoir was tabled. Re ceiving similar action until the next meeting Was a request for council approval of a state retail liquor agency at 910 S. Commer cial SL Addition Studied Referred to the city manager and for a possible public hearing was a report that it would cost the city about $18,582 to supply water, sewers, drains for a pro posed annexation area near Mar ket Street and Park Avenue. Because of last minute conflict between city and Marion County voting precinct procedures pro posed action on the city's plan to red i strict Salem wards was delayed. Sex Life of Oyster Suffers, Meat Grinder Takes Over ILWACO. Wash. UP The ulti mate in machine invasion of the sex life of the oyster, has come to Willapa Bay. , A new large scale experiment in propagation via the meat grinder is under way. , Males and females are ground tip' together by the thousands of bushels andyspread onto the famed oyster-growing bay. . if Reg Root, former Yale and University of Washington football coach who is now , assistant to the president of the Coast Oyster Co.. said the goal is to reduce the need o( such large imports of seed oys ters from Jfpan annually. ; Roo. explains the new grind-"m-up process this way: ; u ' The oyster growers aren't satis fied with Mother Nature's slow way in replenishing the bay with young . i ' Miss Mollie Ylasnik, state consultant for pre-school age blind chil dren, is shown above with home made "Commando Net" and large dolls part of a display used to illustrate her talk Monday at the fifth annual Institute for Parents f Visually Handicapped Pre school Children here.ller talk was on selection of toys for visual ly handicapped children. (Statesman photo.) Growing U. S. Population . Tops 160 Millions Mark WASHINGTON (P) The United States became a nation of 160 million people Monday. . According to the Census Bureau's nose-counting machine in the lobby of the Commerce Department, the figure was reached at 7 Sec. Newbry Report Claims Large Saving Savings of more than $600,000 in the biennium eliding June 30, last, are claimed by Secretary of State Earl T. Newbry in a report issued Monday. The report shows that while an aggregate of $5,062,319 was au thorized in the budgets of the several divisions in the departt ment for the two year period only $4,457,835 was spent A large part of the saving, Newbry said, is accounted for by his inability to employ competent auditors at the salary scale au thorized by the state legislature. While he was authorized to em ploy 55 auditors he was able to hire only 32, he said. This result ed in a saving of $166,734 in the division of audits alone. Other savings resulted from the installation of labor saving de vices, Newbry said. CLARK JAPAN BOUND SAN FRANCISCO Gen. Mark Clark. United Nations com mander in the Far East, stopped off here Monday en route back to Japan after a flying visit for his son's wedding and : conferences in Washington. MARKS BIRTHDAY SAN FRANCISCO tfi Former President Herbert Hoover ob served his 79th birthday at a quiet dinner with friends Monday, preparatory to heading a new gov ernment reorganization commis sion. ' oysters. There's too much chance involved. ' ' So, taking a hand in the process themselves, the owners decided to mix the sperm of the mala oyster and the ova of the female before they were in the- water, not trust ing the whimsical currenti of the bay. That's where the meat grinder comes in. The fastest way was to simply run Mr. and Mrs. Oyster through a meat grinder, making a raw oyster hash of the hippy couple and, incidentally, mixing the sperm and ova quickly and effici ently. ... : M ;r. . The ground up oysters are then spread onto the bay. Larvae form from the fertilized : ova. Root said the test is being watch ed closely by the industry. Mother r Nature, undoubtedly, is watching pretty close herself. seconds after 7:02 a.m. (nT. Twelve seconds later the figure became 160,000,001. As Tuesday begins, it will be 160,004.200 plus. Red, green, blue and white lights flashed on a big map of the United States as the machine clicked past 7 o'clock. TV and newsreel cameras, news men, government . officials and passers-by eyed the recording de vice as it . registered 159,999,999. Then a lone white light came on. Thefegister let its last 6 nines slide down to be replaced with zeros. But at this point the mechanical monster needed a helping hand. A man went around behind, climbed a ladder to the top of the population recorder, and changed the 59 to 60. Even at its present clip of 2,700. 000 a year, the population increases 10 million only once each four years, so changes on the popula tion clock are not automatic. The rise in population to 160, 000,000 was an increase of 8,868, 000 since the .April, 1950, census. The Census Bureau said the in crease pointed to a population of 175,000,000 by 1960. Liberals Win Canada Vote TORONTO on ' Canadians in Monday's nationwide elections gave a smashing vote of confidence to Prime Minister Louis St. Laur ent, sending him and his Liberal Cabinet back to Ottawa with a House of Commons majority ap proaching the record 1949 figure. The Liberal Party won Uj fifth consecutive term, and !s destined to rule at least four more years. That will send its tenure to 23 years and best the 20-year record of the Roosevelt-Truman Demo crats. i The Liberal tide drowned the hnrw9 of th Provrpssivt! Conmr. I vative Tory) candidates to form ; Mvornmont Cxsro Htm Tnrv I leader who would have been theirl dcred, Monday night to strike at prime minister, had too little of! once for higher wages and to pro th vnt.winnin9 ctrnth rwicrh test government economy de- D. Eisenhower used i last year to ; beat the Democrats. Double Jeopardy? No, Double Typo Inmates at Oregon State Peni tentiary may wonder if one con-" viction is not enough when they hear about the warden's latest re- ! quest for prison equipment i A purchase request processed j Monday for the prison by the j state purchasing office called for m type oi wiu cun victors. Purchasing agents checked quickly through their list of pris on paraphernalia, decided that a built-in jury was not in order and started preparing a purchase or der for "convert ors" to put a lit tle heat on the state's bad boys. PRICE 5c Dangers Mercury Hits 93; Logging Qperation Cut . A hot east wind Monday pushed the mercury up and the humidity down and will probably force logging operations to cease through most of the state today. Salem recorded a high of 93 Monday, one of the hottest days of the summer.' Weathermen' in dicated it might be a couple of degrees warmer this afternoon. Loggers in Oregon .except for the coastal belt, are expected to gel a holiday today as ' the humidity drops under the critical 30 per cent mark. Forest areas, favored by a wet summer, are just now reaching the fire danger condition. One fire was brought under control near Marion Forks Mon day after burning over half, an acre. Dropping humidity and the east wind apparently fanned a smouldering lightning-caused fire into flame there. A 19-man sup pression crew of forestry and logging workers were sent to the scene. . Temperature readings about the state Monday included: Med - ford 97, The Dalles 94, Roseburg 92 and Portland 88. Weathermen said Monday there was nothing on the weather map to bring relief from the sud- den mercury rise. Fair and con - ...-.i .. t cast at least through Wednesday. Polio Claims Stricken Girl; Uncles Sought Six-year-old Hyacinth Gerine Bandy died of polio in Salem Memorial Hospital Monday ; after noon before- her two servicemen uncles who have been like "fa thers and brothers" . to . her could reach the girl's bedside. The Marion County Red Cross Chapter is still trying to reach the men both of whom are overseas but late Monday night Lno word had been; received in Salem from them. Hyacinth was stricken with bulbar polio last Tuesday and has been in a coma since Thursday. While conscious she cried for her uncles particularly ; Marine Pvt. Janes Wiemals, 19, who is en route to Hawaii aboard a trans port. The child, taken sick suddenly, has been raised since birth by her grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Clement C. Wiemals of 539 N. Winter St Her mother, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Wiemals, died in childbirth. A second son of the Wiemals, S. Sgt. Clement Wiemals, is in Korea with the Air Force. No contact has yet been made with him, despite a telephone call made to Korea Sunday night by John Wiemals of Roseburg, the third son. Mrs. Wiemals explained that Hyacinth was "even closer than a sister" to her sons, particularly because their own sister had died. When the child became seri ously ill, the Red -Cross sent ira diograms to her uncles in hopes of getting them home. Monday, messages were sent telling of the little girl's death. ' Mrs. Helen Bailey home serv ice director of the Red Cross here, said she had done every thing possible to get the mes sages through, but she had heard nothing as yet The Wiemals are hoping their sons will be allowed to return to Salem to attend Hyacinth's fu neral. The services are pending until word from the two service men. French Railmen Ordered to Strike PARI? (T? Mofe than haU of Frances' rail workers were or- ereLs- i nc new sitikc c 11 came less than 24 - hours after harried France began to emerge from a paralyzing general walkout Wester International At Vancouver S, Salem 1 At lewiatn 2S. Calgary 4 At Yakima S. Victoria S Only games scheduled. . Coast League At Portland 4. Oakland S Only fame scheduled , Americas. Leagae , At Washington 2. Bastoa Only fa. tic scheduled. National League At Milwaukee 8. St. Louis 2 Only game scheduled .... No .134 Going to Texas .-w.re-ig The Rev. Dudley Strain Salem First Christian Church pastor, has accepted a call to Lubbock, Tex. (Story on page 6.) County, City In Conflict on Precinct Lines The City of Salem and the j County of Marion came to trrins ' on the proper boundaries of Sa- lem's precincts Monday, with the result that the city's new ward map virtually went out the win-1 dow. It had to, because the county i knM. th. , " "r1 "U. Here's what happened: The city some time ago decided there was too great a disparity in the voting population of its wards, so it sought to even things up by re-allocating precincts to form new ward boundary .lines. The re arrangement made ; a fine, new ward-boundary map and each councilman elected by wards therefore would be representing relatively the same number of people. But the county also had its problem. By law, when a pre cinct's voters exceed 500 it has to redistrict the precinct So County Clerk Henry Mattson, aid ed by Sheriff Denver Young, cut up some big precincts, changed their boundaries, and in effect added eight new ones within Sa lem. The result boundary lines of the city's proposed - words cut right through some ; of the new boundary lines set up by the county for precincts. And by law a precinct boundary can't trans can d a ward boundary. After a consultation Monday between city and county officials, it was decided the county's new precinct boundaries would stand, with one minor exception, and the city's new map would have to be re-done so the ward lines did n't eut any precinct in two. (Map of the new precinct di vision on page 14.) Disc Chase Keeps Idaho Town Aivake MOSCOW. Idaho on Low flying Sabre jets, roaring through the skies in search of a "flying disk." woke up most of Moscow's 10,000 citizens near midnight Sun day. The Air Force said Monday the disk was a mirage. "But that noise wasn't," said Ed itor Louis A. Boas of the Daily Idahonian. "It woke up the whole town." The Air Force sent up "several" jet fighters after two volunteer ground observers reported a mys terious "bright, flat object perhaps 200 feet in diameter" darting over head. The jets ; circled for about 45 minutes. Capt Homer Stewart of the Othello, Wash. Air Force Direction Center said the pilots concluded the object was the reflection of lights from the nearby town of Potlatchon a low cloud. Die's Policies Credited With Softening Up of Red Tactics , By JOE HALL I ' WASHINGTON (A House Speak er Martin (R-Mass.) said Monday night President Eisenhower dem onstrated -a new "toughness" in American foreign policy when he ordered the U.S. 7th Fleet to stop protecting Red China against pos sible attack from Formosa. The result, he said, has been "an amazing chain of events' that led to a truce in the three-year-old Korean war and found reflection in the current strife behind the So viet Iron Curtain, Martin also declared that since the Eisenhower administration took office last Jan. 20. "record after record has been broken" in the realm of national prosperity more Jobs, higher wages, bigger savings deposits. I Martin set forth his claims of Re publican prowess in a televised WASHINGTON UP) Secretary of State Dulles said Monday night on returning from Korea American war prisoners, even those convicted of He told reporters at the Washington Airpnrt Command . "wouldn t return Chi nese and North Korena Commu nist prisoners convicted of crimes "until we know the attitude of the Communists toward ours." Dulles had conferred with Pres ident Eisenhower in Denver earlier in the day on plans for American retaliatory steps against the Com munists in Korea if they refuse to release all U.S. prisoners of war. Accompanied by Lodge At a news conference in, Denver he said the United States would adopt "reciprocal measures" if the Communists failed to return some American prisoners in their hands. Dulles, accompanied by Henry Cabot Lodge, ambassador to the United Nations, and Assistant Sec retaries of State Walter Robertson and Carl McCardle, arrived, byt. plane at 5:04 p.m. Asked specifically if he believed the Communists under the truce terms must return all United Na tions prisoners, including those of convicted of crimes, Dulles replied, "Yes." Hold Gailty Reds He said the United Nations Com mand holds "a very substantial number" of Communist prisoners guilty of such crimes in its hands. But he did not estimate the speci fic number. A reporter also asked whether "evidence of Communist atrocities" would be placed before the United Nations. "I don't know." Dulles said, "it depends upon how much evidence there is. It hasn t been collated ;et Reds' Convert Plans Told by Freed POWs FREEDOM VILLAGE. Korea UFi Returning American prisoners of war bitterly reported Monday that some of their fellow prisoners who hoLS fell for the Communist line were being sent through in the prisoner exchange to try to spread the Red doctrines in the United States. A handfull of others, completely overcome by the Red "brain-washing" chose to remain in Commu- INCHON, Korea (JPi - The transport General Nelson M. Walker sailed for the United States .Tuesday with 328 re patriated American prisoners of war aboard. The ship got underway at 3:25 p.m. nist territory, the angry free men declared in interviews. First for Freedom How many of these there were in either category was unknown. One man, CpL Leslie E. Scales, 22, of Folsomvflle, Ind., said he knew of 30 pro-Reds who had been sent back from his 306-man com pany at Camp 5, near Pyoktong. Three Iowans from the same camp said the pro-Reds were among the first sent south in the current prisoner exchange. "All the 'progressives' from our camp have gone through now," said Cpl. Dale L. Reeder of Wau kon, Iowa. "They were in the first groups liberated." Got Better Treatment 'Progressive' is the name of the Communists gave to those they were able to indoctrinate. Loyal, prisoners quickly made the term one of sarcasm. They themselves! were dubbed "reactionaries" by the Reds, and wore the label proud ly. Cpl. Jerry W. Deweese of De troit, said some men in his com pany played along with the Red "education" program to get bet ter treatment (Stories Also on Page 2) 8lem S3 48 Portland .... 1 52 .00 San Francisco 72 SO .00 Chicago SS SS .00 New York , .. 83 70 M Willamette River -3.1 feet FORECAST (from U. S. Weather Bureau. McNary rield. Salem): Fair and continued warm today, tonight low near SO. Temperature at 13:01 a, and Wednesday. Hijh today sear 95, m. was 39. SALEM MtECIPrTATIOJ Since Start of Weataer Tear Sept. 1 Thii Year 43 .S 4 Last Year 2 6 Normal 38.40 film entitled "The $3rd Congress An Appraisal," sponsored by the Republican National Committee and the GOP Congressional Cam paign Committee. Martin said. the tasks which fac ed the new Republican administra tion "were so gigantic that it is difficult to describe them to you." But "the No. 1 problem,? be said, was the Korean war. President Eisenhower's first move in this field, the - Speaker said, was bis order withdrawing the 7th Fleet from the waters be tween Formosa and Red China. Continuing, Martin said: The significance of that act had a terrific impact on the capitals of the world. ' "To both the Iron Curtain coun tries and the free nations it was a sign that some backbone had been put into American foreign policy. the Communisis must return all so-called crimes. the United Nations By HOY, ESSOYAN HONOLUtU LH Three Ameri cans softened Lei Communism may be aboard tthe first planeload of liberated prisoners of war flying home Monday. I 1 : ii ! A partial new blackout and con tradictory statements;: by military spokesmen here ! indicated a possi ble repeat performance of a "my stery flight' li-Urt Pring'i prison er, exchange. : j'i j i iThen a group of freed captives suspected of having swallowed Red indoctrination Was flown ; under wraps to hospitals in ! the ' United States. tr : More Aboard -! ;j The first report! from Tokyo said 17 disabled Americana left Haneda Airport Monday nightj1 but no des tination or arrival time ia the Unit ed States. was announced. Then a military spokesman here who later attempted to retract his words indicated more freed prison ers might be aboard, .pi i j He had said that the plane's man ifest showed 21 passengers, includ ing 17 ex-PQWs whose names could be released, ' andl three j ex-POWi . whose names could not be released f'due to their mental condition." i That was j the description given, last May to leases suspected of Red leanings. j ! . Litter Cases' ; f j! i The 21st passenger was described as a regulir evacuation patient, hot a released prisoner,;! . Attempts to confirm the new pas senger iisi, nowcver,!,;ran into a blank wall bf military! silence. Armv rxftesmen said they did miuw una iiuuiucr u, men auuaru the plane. iAir : Force I spokesmen said "unclassified dispatches" men tioned only jl.7 men. j f I Finally, all military sources said hone of thi names could be re leased. " ! !f i I Most of tie mfn were described as litter caies, who would need a full night's rest f before continuing heir flight.! i ! diFrom i Hi Forest Area Stateifnan News Service DETROIT 'A 14-year-old Ex plorer Seoul, Ray Edmundson, of Portland, was carried, out of the Mt Jeffersdn primitive area Mon day after accidentally severing an artery in his foot with an axe Sunday night 1) I! : i The Injured boy 'was brought out of the poods by commercial packer Gent Ware, j 1 Edmundsjpn was one of a group if 29 Expldrer Scouts from Van couver, Wash., Portland andOre- gon City on a scheduled hike pn Skyline Trail from Breitenbush Lake to thd Three Sisters, i First aid! was applied to Ed fnundson by troop members at their Huni Cpve ramp. The bleeding was stopped but walking Started theflow! of blood again. ;The injured bioy was returned to his homi in Tortland. . Hi ' I 1 ii: - T0lAfhfcfa,JJfe.r,,: yuls lytc, on Pup Over tolcn Food I 'Charleston;! w. Va. on - Fourteen-mJnth-old Bobby Taylor made news iMonday be bit a dog. t Bobby not only bit the dog, he had to be pried loose from his tooth-hold oh the pup's 1 nose. . You see. I Bobby's pet "Butch" had the audacity to confiscate a piece of fifed ' chicken from his piaster's b4id. MU - llii I Bobby promptly, sank his teeth into Butch 'si nose! and held on. I Mrs. Robjert Earl Taylor, th boy's mothjer, i forced 1 1 her son'i mouth openi to free the dog. Bobby god another piece of chick en. , 1 ; . ! r I j The dog kept his distance. J alley Servicemen board (Troopship I SAN FRANCISCO (fl FfW Marion Couhty men were among 3,505 Army I personnel who arrived Sunday direct from Korea. They were: : ; t ii! jCpL Donald E. Boatman. Rt. 1 Sio; Sgt pennis G. Duchateail, Box 20, Stiblimity: Sgt.- Vaurfin m Hunt. Box 314, Stayton; Sgt. Jerrold T. Hunter j Boat 345, Mill City, and SCc Robert A. Tegland, 22 W. Center St.) Tiverton. jpday'i Slalcsrr.nn fEditoriall J4 --IL -.- I comics f Sports Nws -Hi 10-11 Market News L 11 I rl i fc 1 III 14 11 n n rr Convert 1 i I !' Group Enroute ! r II i njuMfout Pad 4