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From first SUtesman, Hares) 21, 1851
THE STATESMAN PUBUSH1NG COMPANY
CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher
Pu bibbed avery mornlnf- Business offlca tl9 8.
CommmUl St, Saiem. Or- Taiaphooa S-1441.
Entered at Um poaiofflca at Salam. Or, as mcot4
daas matter vtAmt act coagraaa March X, 1S7&.
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Steam Engine, Tool, Toot!
The Legislature is removing, regulations on
the driving of steam engines on streets and high
ways. No longer will the ponderous, slow-moving
engine, its stack belching smoke and fire,
have to stop to let horses pass (both steam trac
tion engine and the horseare out of highway
circulation now). The engines can blow their
whistles in cities, if Gov. Patterson signs the
bill which has passed both houses. And opera
tors of the steam engines will not have to lay
planks down for its crossing of a bridge.
This clearing away of dead timber in the code
book does revive memories of the steam traction
engine which seemed to children a great' black
monster. Its invasion of town was an event, for
its use was normally to furnish power for. a
grain separator at threshing time. When one did
come to town the kids would pour out to watch
the behemoth pass.. They would trail along be
hind In their bare feet, stepping in the dust-
compressed path of its big bull wheels. If the
engineer pulled the whistle cord the resulting
snort was an added thrill to the young fry.;
' Firing these engines was no small chore. Their
fuel efficiency was low. A tender wagon hauled
coal for its maw; and sometimes a tank wagon
trailed along to replenish water in the boiler.
These ungainly brutes were not built for loco
motion. They were primarily stationary power
plants, set on wheels so they could move from
.. setting to setting.
Quite some time ago gasoline or diesel pow
ered engines replaced the old steam rigs. But
just as the combine hasnot fully superseded the
header and thresher, so there must be still some
steam traction engines in use. No horses shy at
them,' and the Fords and the Cadillacs pass them
by disdainfully; but the steam traction engine
was the original horseless carriage. Only it was
not here to stay. x j
. With all the legal impediments removed the
steam engine will not come back it is in full
retreat on the railroads. .But this expunging of
laws revives memories of the day when it flour
ishedl ' ;
Escape and the Trappists
j News that the Trappist Order may establish
a monastery here in the Willamette Valley is
received with interest not only by Catholics but
. by individuals of every faith who have read
Thomas Merton's best - selling books, "Seven
Story Mountain," "Waters of Siloe" and his
latest, "The Sign of Jonas."
For, as always in time of crisis, there is re
vival' in our time of various forms of religious
experience, orie of the most popular (judging
from the, sales of Merton's books) being mystic
ism and withdrawal from the worldand its
troubles, v - i
By j "popular" we do not mean to say that
masses of people are taking monastic vows. That
would be too hard. But many are taking the easy
way: Merton's writing can "bring vicarious sat
isfaction to those who remain in normal society
yet share his indignation at .its evils, a pleasing
sense of being on the fide of the angels," accord-
ing to Aelf red Graham in the January Atlantic
Monthly.
Graham is a Benedictine (the abbey at ML
Angel is Benedictine) and he has his doubts
about Thomas Merton. Graham asks whether
MertonNs "A Saint? or an ecclesiastical Whit
taker Chambers? An exponent of Christian, holi
ness? or a preacher of pseudo-perfectionism?"
Then Graham decides that Merton is "in fact a
propagandist for mysticism for the masses."
Monk Merton calls men away from "this wolf
world, this craven zoo" to contemplative prayer.
"It is a way of perfection from which no ona
is excluded," says Merton. And of the Trappist
monastery, Merton says: .
"(It is) the real capital of the country ... the
center of all the vitality that Is in America ...
the cause and reason why the nation is holding
together. These men, hidden in anonymity of
their choir and their white cowls, are doing for
their land what no army, no congress, no presi
dent could ever do aa such: they are winning for .
their land the grace and the protection and tha
friendship of God." .. - , '
(Certainly no Willamette Valley Chamber of
Commerce booster ever dared make such grand
iose pronouncements. Maybe it would be nice to
have a Trappist abbey here and become the cen
ter of the universe!) -Dom
Graham admits that such talk is heady,
but that it is rather close to the "holier than
thou" attitude humbler Christians frown upon.
Graham doubts that every Christian ought to
renounce the world (which, incidentally, God
so loved that he sent his only-begotten Son,
etc.) because:
"Mysticism is not for the masses but for an
elite. To lose sight of this is to divert Christians
from what may well be, for the majority of
. them, their most urgent business. Their call is
not to take flight from society but to revivify it
with Christian values from within ... For this
undertaking prayer will be the inspiration; but
prayer, as St., Thomas Aquinas pointed out at
length, is no substitute for energies employed in
direct relation to the needs of the hour. In our
present predicament no religious propaganda
cduld be more , in harmony with the Marxist
book than an appeal to Christians to let the
world go to the .devil in its own way. The most
pressing theme for their reflections is the re
minder that they are the followers of a Master
who went about doing good and healing all that
; were oppressed?."
This statement by Benedictine - Graham in
. contrast to Trappist Merton is not quoted to
ignite an intermural controversy that .has been
smouldering for ages, but to indicate that such
debates are of very real importance to the secu
lar world. There's evidence enough that many
are withdrawing, in spirit if not in the flesh,
from the world and its problems, and this bodes
ill for the rest who are "staying with it" In tha
long-term struggle between good and evil, men
of good -will are needed at the front, not safely
cloistered. M.W.
jm -an
Parley Result
Disappoints
British Press
By J. M. ROBERTS, JR. -Associated
Press. News Analyst
A thread of disappointment runs
through British editorial comment
on the recent conferences in Wash
ington between high Anglo-Ameri
can officials, although they bad
been forewarned that the talks
were purely exploratory.
As a matter of fact, the discus
sions, covering political coopera
tion throughout the world as well
as the new trade policies which
Britain is trying to get the U. S.
to accept, were heavily oversha
dowed by the death of Joseph
Stalin.
Participants as well as observ
ers were well aware that the' end
of Stalin's long reign was bound
to produce changes although
their nature was not yet clear
which would affect almost any
decision . the Allies might try to
make at this moment.
The British government had
made it fairW Hpnr tn th Ameri
can public that Foreign Secretary
Eden and Chancellor of the Ex
chequer Butler had not come bee
ging. They wanted to discuss plans
which had been evolved within the
British Commonwealth which re
quired American help, and which
were to be placed later before a
European economic conference,
The commonwealth is suggest
ing drastic changes in America s
protective tariff policy in what
they call a "trade not aid" pro
gram:
The limes of London called the
post-conference communiques an
"anti - climax," and the News
Chronicle said they were an . ex
ample of diplomats being required
by democratic processes to say
something when - they much pre
ferred to say nothing. But the
Times did say that the talks had
served to clear the decks.
On one point in which Americans
were much' interested because it
seemed to presage at least a par
tial bridging et, the gap between
British and American policy in 4ha
Far East, the Manchester Guard!
an and the Washington Post ex
pressed kindred views.
. .
The British agreement to further
curtail trade with Communist Chi
na, said the Guardian, "will have
greater effect on American Dub
lin rrvi n i n than ah PhfnAaA vim.
fplies."
The Post said the greatest effect
would be psychological, since Chi
na is doing most of her business
by way of the trans - Siberian
railroad.
m o
It is only natural that Britalm
should be in a hurry about a proj
ect which seems to contain the
seeds of her salvation from eco
nomic . dependence on U. S.
largesse.' -. : r-
It was only natural, also, that
the .Eisenhower administration, in
office only - a - few weeks, should
'eel that it was being rushed on a
subject which is one of the most
controversial in the history of
American politics. And it is one
which must be approached care
fully if it is rot to interfere with
the stability of America's own
economy which is, in the long run.
the one on which the whole free
world organization depends most
heavily' at this time.
Congressional Quiz
DIP
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WDODora
Gov. Patterson made another good selection
of a man for judge when he named Phil Ham
; mond of Oregon City to fill the newly created
office of circuit judge in Clackamas County,
giving that district a second judge. The Ham
mond family is well known, Phil's father, Wil
liam Hammond having practiced law at Oregon
City for many years. -
Liberal Demos Hit Back at Morse Saying
He Has No Monopoly on Political Integrity
v By A, ROBERT SMITH
Statesman Correspondent
WASHINGTON liberal Dem
ocrats struck back at Sen Wayne
Morse for the first time last
week; following
a succession of
attacks by the
Oregon Inde
pendent in
which r he
charged them
with, "substi
tuting political
expediency for
political prin
ciple," "hypoo-
risy, "walking
out on their re
sponsibilities to "
ininority rights in the Senate.
arri doing him "irreparable po
litical damage in Oregon."
-Since Jan. 13, when Morse was
defeated by an 81 to 7 vote in an
unprecendented move to retain
his seats on the Armed Services
and Labor committees, he- has
been sniping at liberals who de
clined to vote with him because
they disagreed with his strategy.
Several times he has referred to
them as "gutless wonders."
"The Senator from Oregon has
no ; monopoly on liberalism, on
liberal leadership or ion liberal
action," retorted " Sen. Herbert
Lehman (D-N. Y.), "and "some
. of the Senators he has attacked
have records on liberalism which
I believe would not suffer by
comparison -with his record." .
The usually gentle, mild-man-,
sered, 75-year-old New Yorker '
'Who becomes easily aroused by
. what he considers injustices, told
Morse, "Others too have prin-.
eiples and convictions.
Concluding with a reaffirma
tion of his admiration for Morse,
- Lehman said: "He is a real lib
eral, but X do not think he is the
only liberal in the United States."
Lehman's chastisement of
Morse came partway through an
hour-long speech by the Oregon
Senator In which he blistered
liberal Democrats. It was dls
: closed during Morse-Lehman ex
changes that some liberals whom
Morse conferred . with prior to
: making his committee stand had
; voiced their ' disagreement with
his strategy in forcing a Senate
vote on the question, although
they agreed to support his reso
lution which would increase the
' size of the two committees in
order to make room for Morse.
Consequently, Morse had the
support of vOhlJ six Senators
when he went ahead with his
strategy to force a ballot and
his resolution, which had greater
support, was pigeonholed by the
Republican leadership.
Lehman on Friday said It was
proper to criticize the pigeonhole
action rather than, as Morse was
doing. "accusing Senators who
have just as consistent a record
of liberalism' as . has the junior
Senator from Oregon of surren
dering their "principles and of
being willing to yield to political
. expediency ;-' ; ;".: .
In a surprise development,
Lehman revealed that two days
following 1 Morse's committee
fight he had called Morse to offer
him his position on the Labor
Committee j because he : thought
Morse "would be an extremely
valuable member of the commit
tee as he i had been for ; many
- years. -
i Morse said he replied by ask
ing Lehman . "what made" him
think that I would s accept
through his charity what I was
entitled to as a matter of right."
Previously ; Morse ; had turned
down an offer from the GOP of
a position on the Armed Services
Committee,! saying he had a right
to -the assignment from the Sen
ate as a whole without relying
on either pacta's offerings. .
Repeating his theme that not
since 1871 has a Senator been
bumped off his committees, and
that therefore his being bumped
constituted "an emasculation of
the seniority system" in the Sen
ate, Morse failed to mention that
the reason previous insurgents
like George Norris and Bob La
Follette encountered no diffi
culty In retaining their commit
tee posts was that they, unlike
Morse, were willing to receive
their assignments hi the custom
ary manner from one party or
the other. Morse apparently Is
the first Insurgent in Senate his
tory not to subscribe to this cus
torn, :..7 . ;- -
v Liberal Democrats, Morse
charged, "stand convicted before
the bar of American public opin
ion today as a group of men
who walked out on their respon-
" sibOltles to , minority rights in
the Senate." He predicted they
would hear from thousands of
- their constituents who wouldn't
swallow their alibis or rational
ization of their action. .
A survey of the offices of lib
eral Democrats revealed that let
ters of complaint regarding the
treatment accorded Morse had
been received as follows:
Sen. Hubert Humphrey (D
Minn.) 20- to 25; Sen Henry
Jackson (D-Wash.) 14; Sen Paid
: Douglas D-nD "not very
" many" but no count available;
"Sen. r James r Murray (D-Mont)
none; Sen Warren Magnuson D-
Wash.) less than 12; Sen. Herbert
Lehman (D-N. Y.V no count
made but an aide said they had
received relatively few in com--parison
to : most j controversial
: topics that swell Lehman's mail
to about 5,000 letters dally.
I am aware of the irreparable
political damage . this alleged
group of liberals has done to me
because for weeks there have ap
peared in newspapers across my
. state from three to five vicious
' editorials a day Inspired by re-
actionarlea in my state who want
- to destroy me politically because
they know they cannot control
me," Morse contended.
Q Are the economy alms of
the Republican leadership of the
new Congress going te cramp
the legislative budget for sleuth
ing? A Apparently not A survey
by Congressional Quarterly in
dicates the 83rd Congress may
outdo -the investigative cham
pion, the . 82nd Congress. Com
mittee probes or studies were
called, for in about 105 pieces of
legislation introduced during
January, 1933, compared with
about 70 during the first month
gmuary, 1951) of the 82nd
tigress. To finance probes, the
Senate authorized $820,000 . in
January, 1953, compared with
$485,000 two years earlier (fig
ures include carryover of un
spent funds). The House took no
action on probe funds in the first
month of either year.
Q What happens te any mon
ey a Congressional eommltte has
left ever after finishing aa la
vbtlgatlenr A According to Congression
al officials, it is either re -author-"
ized for later spending by the
same committee, or returned to
the UJS. Treasury, usually after
a two-year holding period.
Q Who has sniffed eat" the
most investigative trials ' this
year Democrats or Republi
cans? A Of the approximately 105
legislative proposals concerning
investigations introduced in Jan
uary, about 75 were sponsored
by Republicans, and 25 by Dem
. ocrats. Five were co-sponsored
by Members from both parties.
Pro posed investigations deal
with such subjects as the mili
tary services, veterans, agricul
ture, commerce and industry, ed
ucation and welfare, natural re
sources, taxes and economic pol-.
lcies, and U. S. security and
communism.
Q Is there any plan to relieve
... Congressmen ef some of then in
vestigative daties so they can
spend nor time at Uwrnaking?
A-rSome of the investigative
load "would be taken from Con
gregational shoulders under a
proposal by Rep. Jacob K. Javits
(R N.Y.). On Jan. 29 he Intro
duced legislation to establish an
Office of Government Investi
gation as a permanent agency to
probe "illegal, Improper or un
ethical acts relating to the tran
saction of the business of the
federal government,"
Q Is Congress taking any
steps to prevent persons - from
being anjustly "smeared" In
testimony at Congressional in
vestigations? A Sen. Estes Kefauver (D
Term.) Feb. 10 proposed a "code
of fair conduct' to safeguard In
dividuals from "derogatory "re
marks.' Under the code, persons
would be notified beforehand,
when possible, that derogatory
material was to be presented,
and allowed to file . answering
statements. Rep. Kenneth B.
Keating (R N.Y.) said Dec. 6
Congressional investigators
should be careful not to "destroy
the good name of innocent men,'
and said some 4n public life had
"not hesitated to trample" good
names "beneath the muddy boots
of sensational charges.'
(Copy. 133, Cong. Quar.)
Better English
By D. C. WILLIAMS
(Continued from page one)
blood all nations of the earth."
. Undoubtedly the author would
like to do that, for that is the
direction of his reasoning.
There is one valid argument ;
against the civil rights bill, and
that Is that in a democratic
society, it ought not to be neces
sary! The state ought not to
have to enforce fundamental
human rights. But because some
restaurant keepers refuse to
serve persons of dark skin or
some resorts ban persons of a
religion they dislike in simple
justice the. state has to step In
.-with its commands against dis-
' crimination.
A law will not of itself re
move prejudice; but race preju-
-dice can be abated when fair
treatment is accorded those of
other races. It is pretty much
a matter of habit. Once a person
becomes accustomed to seeing
persons of other races in theatres
, or on beaches or, playgrounds,
the old prejudice is lessened.
I recall eating dinner once .
in the dining room of a hotel in
a city of Oklahoma. I noticed
.some persons of dark skin at an :
adjoining table. Presuming they ,
were Negroes I wondered about
Jim Crow laws or customs which
I presumed prevailed there. Then
I recognized that they were In
dians and in Oklahoma Indians
are given good social status, es
pecially If they have oil lands
The inconsistency of the color
line in that instance was evident.
After all it is the person that
counts, not the color.
As members of races and
groups previously depressed (or
suppressed) get the benefits of
education and wider economic
opportunities they qualify to
participate ;in relationship ac
cording to the levels which they
have attained. That is what hap
pens in a really free society,
That involves no discrimination
and-creates a minimum of social
friction.
Oregon has enacted 'fair em
ployment legislation. It should
follow that up with civil rights
legislation. In good conscience
we cannot do other than respect
fundamental rights.
MORE KOREA CASUALTIES
WASHINGTON 1V The De
fense Department Tuesday identi
fied 25 Korean war casualties (list
No. 765). Of the total, seven are
dead, 16 wounded, ona missing.
one captured.
Sportsmen Back
Bill to Ban Dams
In National Parks
WASHINGTON (fl Sportsmen
and other organizations Tuesday
backed proposed legislation to pro
hibit building of dams or other
projects which would damage any
national park or monument.
Fred H. Packard, executive Sec
retary of the National Prrks Assoc
iation, told a House Interior Sub
committee that in spite of laws on
the book surveys have been made
for dam sites and other works with
in national parks and monuments.
Packard said that in every in
stance where a water project has
been proposed that would adverse
ly affect a national park there hat
proved to be an alternative method
of producing the benefits' without
invading the park.
William Yoight Jr., executive di
rector of the Izaak Walton League,
said previous laws showing intent
of Congress to preserve the Nation
al park system are inadequate and
need correction.
Searchers Find
Lost Boy at Play
PORTLAND (J) Searchers
worked along the banks of Johnson
Creek in Southeast Portland Tues
day, looking for 4-year-old Clifford
Kueme, missing from his home
two hours..
The boy was found safe playing
with toy tractors In a variety.
store some 20 blocks away. His
relieved mother said it was the
first time Clifford had wandered
away. . . . .
DIES FROM BURNS
EUGENE m - Mrs. Edith
Gates, . 67, burned when a stove
exploded at her home near' Mar
cola Feb. 19. died in a hospital
here Tuesday. Her daughter-in- -law.
Mrs. Preston Gates, 30, who
was burned at the same time, la
recovering.
Federal and State
TAX RETURNS
PREPARED
LEON A. FISCUS
1361 N. 4th - rh.S-52U
1. What Is wrong with this
sentence? "He sat the vase in
side of the box."
2. What is theh correct pro
nunciation off "globular? t
3. Which one of these words
Is misspelled? Persecute, per
spicuity, perscribe, personify.
4. What does the word "analo
gous mean?
5. What Is a word beginning
with tra that means "handed
down from generation to gen
eration"? ANSWERS
1. Say, "He set the vase," and
omit "of." 2. Pronounce the as
in rob, not in in globe. 3. . Pre
scribe. 4. Corresponding to some
thing else .in certain aspects.
"There is something in the ex
, excise of the mind analogous- to
that of tha body., 5. Traditional.
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glvmg me castor oil . . . only glorious leader is aiiowen ;
to da the purrtux . . . " .
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Sa!oms Leading Funeral Dirdcfcrs
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