Korea Issue
Aired
Warfare
In Asia
i n m
ml
w
In XJnit&dMMfms
it
r
Nations appeal f or an armbp- -
nHHE Russian reaction to the United!
JL - tice in Korea is regarded as the fcey to the truce talks deadlock.
By raising the issue of North Korean representation on the power
ful Political Committee at the time the Korean situation was dis
cussed, the Russians managed-to sidetrack! the main question: How
to break the truce deadlock? 1 .. . , I ....- . -
.The Russians called the refusal of I positive answer and to influence the
VOTERS PREPARE TO GIVE VERDICT
the Political Committee to invite i
North Korean representatives to take I
part in the debate "cowardly and
feared." ' - . ;
Sensitive Spot "
It was plain, however, that Secre
tary of State Dean Acheson had hit a
sensitive spot when, in his long state
ment on Korea before the U.N. last
week, he cited 1? Soviet treaties
which had guaranteed the right of
war prisoners to refuse being sent
back to their own countries if they
feared to return.
Forcible repatriation of Chinese
and North Korean war prisoners,;de
manded by the Communists, is the
chief stumbling block at Panmunjom.
Despite Russia's propagandizing,
the 21-nation appeal and the debate
on Korea have had the effect of bring
ing the principal question onto the
floor of the U.N. Vishinsky. in effect,
' has been challenged to provide some
Communist Chinese and North Ko-'
reaiis to act on it, as Acheson charted
the Russians were able to do.
U
of the statement by Assistant Secre
tary
S. spokesman dodged discussion
of State John.Hickerson that a
campaign to get more troops for Ko
rea I from more nations is being
pressed hard in the Assembly,
NATO Meeting
-In, another East-West contest on the
floor1 of the U.N, U.! S.-backed Yugo
slavia won over - Russia-backed
Czechoslovakia for a seat on the eco
nom c and social council. .
In Rocquencourt,' France, ; mean
while, the North Atlantic, Treaty Or
ganization s top military men, mem
bers
of
civilian
the Standing Group, told
members of the .- Atlantic
Council hat Allied rearmament can
not be allowed to lag, that Soviet
military j power still constitutes a
major threat in Europe, j
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oaAts f If I
.i. ..... , . . i . .in mi .mm
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X - N
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STEVENSON
THE voters appear anxious to ring down the curtain on the fiercest that Elsenhower had "surrendered sgalnst Asians, with our support oa
presidential election campaign in a generation. They have heard - principle to expediency" and had the side of freedom."
the two candidates stake out positions on peace or war. depression 'iled 10 VtttnX to the nation any . Houston. Oct li Th first Job cf
or prosperity, Korea, Communism on the homefront, corruption In Rf , S"1 Vtmt
onvommenf ,iiriii,- j 1 will face in the next four years.
They have heard the epithets "smear" . ; . -bigotry" ... "slander
. . . "hypocrisy" . . . "distortion"
"lies-hurled back and forth by both
sides. They are ready, to decide be
tween them Tuesday. '
There are few observers willing to
go but on a limb with a confident
prediction of the outcome. Most are
from Korea was not. In the last anal
ysls, military but political. ' 1
The Korean War.;
Eisenhower's pledge that if elected
President, he will go to Korea to try
satisfied to call It a take-your-pick ' flnd a way to end the war, drew
situation. Bolder analysts give Eisen-
howef an edge but warn of variables
and unknowns. i .
. The final week of the campaign
law. both Eisenhower and Stevenson
bearing down in the vote-heavy East.
Eisenhower will get last crack at the
critical eastern territory with an elec
tion eve swing through New England. '
He will await the count in New York.
Stevenson will put In the last day '
cultivating the crucial farmlands of
the Middle West on the way home
to Illinois to vote. :
years.
Central Ixsae
It has become clear ' In the past
two weeks that the Korean war is the
central issue of this campaign: The
Republicans have stepped up the tem
po of their attacks on Administration
handling of the war and have put the
Democrats on the defensive.
The Korean war has been so frus
trating, the Republicans are bound to
sound positive and th Democrats
negative in their statment on it Th
Democrats have been "stuck" with th
Korean war, but have not backed
away from It
This is what th two candidates
DOUBLE CHECK I
. ' . 1 WIhM. t&tm. tmmm Umnt
LAYING IT ON AWFULLY THICK r! t
McCarthy In Limelight
. In the active campaigning this
week. Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy's
highly-advertised speech, delivered in
Chicago Monday, : introduced more
turbulence. !
McCarthy charged Stevenson was
surrounded with some "left wing ad
visers who ridicule religion and de
fend Communism." He also declared
the Democratic nominee "endorses
and would continue to endorse the
suicidal, Kremlin-dictated policies of
this nation." ! f
JThe Senator went on to assert Stev
. enson, "assigned to the task of formu
lating America's post-war policy in
Italy after Mussolini's fall, had a plan
for foisting Communism on the Ital
ians.' . -
The Democrats were quick to reply
to the McCarthy charges, saying that
the Senator, had lifted parts of
speeches out of context distorted,
them and used implication to indict
, The Stevenson aides accused by
McCarthy of being pro-Communist
issued strongly-worded denials and
counter-attacks. . ;
In the Eisenhower camp. Sen.
Frank Carlson of Kansas said the
Republican candidate "owes nothing"
to Sen. McCarthy for the speech.
Mitchell Charges Responsibility
On' the Democratic side, National
Chairman Stephen A. Mitchell j de
clared the general would have to
bear full .responsibility for . the Mc-
' Carthy speech.
heavy fire from Stevenson. ! I
The governor told a cheering throng;
In Boston that if the purpose of the
general's trip to Korea Is to. settle the
war there "by a larger military chal-j
lenge, then the sooner we all know
about It the better." U ' 1
Stevenson declared "th root of th, hav had to say about Korea:
rworean proDiem aoes noi ue in xworea.
It lies in Moscow." :
; In answer to this criticism, Eisen
hower told -large crowds . in and,
around New York that "th opposi-
tion apparently knows more about,
that situation out there than any:
other American does'
don't hav to go out'
EISENHOWER
Philadelphia, Sept 4 "We art In
that. war because this Administration
allowed America, In a time when
trength was needed, to become weak.
. . . Because this Administration an-
and so "theyj nounced to all the world that It had
written off most of th Far East as
th new administration will b to deal
with this tragic confiict ... We must
get back on th road to a luting pac
behind a government of men equal
to this mighty task."
NeW Orleans, Oct 14 "W will
work without resting to fit our beys
home."
La Porte, Ind, Oct 19 "When we
find that w hav been bungled Into
a war and ther Is no plan for win
ning or stopping the blood . .'. It Is
tlm someone was doing some clean
ing up. . . . They cannot clean It up."
Detroit Oct 24 "Th first task ct
a new administration will be to re
view and re-examine every course
of action open to us with one goal la
view: To bring th war in Korea. to
an early and honorable end. That Job
requires a personal trip to Korea, I
shall make that trip."
THREE miles northeast of Pan
munjom, tit cf th nailed
Korean amistie cegoUatlons, ft
Jad line cf outposts marks
th front line. Beyond the outpost
r the barren, taow-blanktted
hills ol North Korea.
. Ornlgit this week mere than,
1.000 Chines Beds slashed through ,
the outposts and fauxht hand-to- f
hand with th defenders for control
Cf high ground.
Th Communist Jb at Aid front
ILe positions apparently wer aimed .
at keeping United Nations tare T i
balance and pinning down as many i
men as possible. How Ian It would tm
on was anybody's guess.
No decision, either to estend or end
the war or to stani nat
the Communists dwn until they say
"Uncle" Is likely t3 be forthcomL-ii
until after election fever subsides la
the U. S. United Nations action, either
In the form of a vote of con&dmce for
th way the U. S. has managrd th
true negotiations, or in a pWre to
send more troops to Korea, is subject
. to Russian stalling tactics in New
York.
To th south, meanmhlle. in Indo
china, Communist Vietminh rebels,
abetted by supplies f rem RJ Chines '
depots, shoved the bulk of their of
fensive forces farther toward th
Black River along hkh French
Union forces bee!el up defensir
positions. ;
Th - Vtetmlnh aimed four drives '
southward, one of which ended less
than ti miles from the vital hub cf )
Hanoi. French army and drillaa i
planet kept up a steady stream cf war -equipment
supplies for forces dieting
In south of th Black River hich
marked a natural defense barrier fcr
French outposts before Hanot
Labor
i Th general referred to the present; beyond our direct concern."
Administration in Washington as1 Champaign, I1L, Oct 1 "If we can-".22-caliber
men who are trying to ''not win the war, at least let us not
fill45-caliber Jobs.'
i Governor Stevenson received thun
derous ovations in Madison Square
Garden and in Brooklyn as he cli
maxed his campaign in a biting at
tack on his rival, renewing the charge
If HAPPENED
I Oct 1 Premier YoshidaV Liberal
party wins Japan's first free postwar
election. Fifty-two .Chines Reds
killed in PW riot on Cheju Island.
President Truman, in first major
speech of whistle stop campaign, calls
Eisenhower a "pliable mouthpiece of
private power monopolies." Army un
veils atomic cannon. ;
Oct. t Britain explodes j her first
atomic bomb. ' Eisenhower i suggests
war in Korea be one of Asians against
Asians." Gov. Shivers of Texas says
he will, vote for Eisenhower.
: Oct S Soviet Union asks recall of
U. S. Ambassador George ' Kennan.
Eisenhower appeals for reelection ef
McCarthy, says he and Senator differ
"only in methods." Stevenson accuses
Eisenhower of surrendering to a
"new isolationism." ; 1
Oct 4 Nineteenth Communist
"Party Congress opens in Moscow.
:ISENH0W ' j v i '
(THEY'RE
iTmMST&MCy
1 X. . vi
Cmii, Cm-t'tmm SriK
THE KO RACE . J, ,
Elsewhere on the campaign scene.
President Truman stumped the Mid
west for Stevenson, keeping up a run
ning attack on. the Republican candi
date accusing the general of "dishon
esty" in shifting responsibility for the
withdrawal of U.iS. troops from
Korea in 1949 from himself to the
State Department ' . !
In rebuttal, the general declared
the decision to withdraw VS. troops
Sidelights
O In Goshen, IhcL a man entered a
local tavern, . downed 20 shots of
whisky with Tom Collins, chasers,
went home, put away a fifth of whisky
and seven cans of beer. The coroner's -office
attributed death to acute alco
holism. - , '
O In London, the British Society of
Philluminists (collectors of matchbox
- labels) regretfully reported its most
famous member, ex-King Farouk of
Egypt had not paid his $2.15 annual
subscription fee for 1932. -
O In Moscow, Pravda gave its read
ers a full-page summary of the U. S.
presidential campaign, lumped both
. major candidates under the heading:
"Leaders in the Aggressive Policy of
. Imperialist Warmongers." '
O In Florence, Italy, police nabbed a
I local barber claiming he was "Benito
. Mussolini, n Duce," found a letter
- from a, psychopathic hospital in his
pocket describing him as cured. They
sent him back. .
Democrats launch nationwide . fund
drive.
Oct 5 Malenkov tells Red Con
gress U. S. seeks to promote World
War IIL Fighting resumed in Indo
china after months-long lulL
.. Oct S Chinese Reds launch Ko
rea's heaviest fighting in a year. Gen.
Naguib cracks down on Egypt's Wafd
party. :
Oct '7 Yankees win fourth World
Series in a row.
Oct S Air Force B-29 shot down
shed so much of our blood. ... Ther
is no sense in th United Nations, with
America bearing th brunt of th
thing, being constantly compelled to
man those front lines. That Is a job
for the Koreans. . . . Let it b Asians
IN OCTOBER
closes total Income over past 10 years
was $888,303.99. Twenty-two Demo
cratic and Republican lawyers up-
jhold Stevenson for giving deposition
iin behalf of Hiss.
I - Oct IS Communist-led rebels In
, Indochina drive French from outposts
northwest of Hanot Stalin, closing
jRed party Congress, urged Commu
nists to adopt new popular front and
Isupport "bourgeois democratic free-
jdoms."
j Oct 14 Acheson urges U.N. to fight
in Korea "as long as necessary" to
stop aggression Dulles says Eisen
hower can end Korean war. .
j Oct 17 State Department demands
compensation for B-29 shot down off
northern Japan by Russian Jets.
Edouard Herriot, senior French
statesman, opposes European Defense
Community with single armed .force,
raising doubts that French Parliament
will accept treaty. Sen. Byrd of Vir
ginia says he caqnot endorse Demo
cratic ticket Announce first success
ful us of mechanical heart to main
tain circulation of patient in heart
Operation. ;
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STEVENSON -Aug.
39 Th logic of not fighting
In Korea ... Is to fight In Wichita,
We have yielded neither to the hot
heads who wanted to extend the war
nor th weak-kneed who-wanted to
quit when the going got tough.
San Francisco, Sept 19 "Whatever
unscrupulous politicians may say to
exploit grief, tragedy and discontent
for votes, history will never record
that Korea was a 'useless war, unless
today's heroism Is watered with to
morrow's cowardice ... X believe wt
may in time look back at Korea as a
major turning point in history the
first historic demonstration that an
effective system cf collective security
is possible."
Louisville, Sept 27 "Demob liga
tion did go too far and too fast ...
While he (Eisenhower) was chief of
staff of the United States Army, the
chiefs of staff advised that South
Korea was of little strategic impor
tance to the United States, and rec
ommended withdrawal of United
States forces from th country."
Spokane, Oct IS "Now be (Elsen
hower) implies that we could bring
our men home from Korea soon if w
would only train some South Korean
soldiers to take their place. Surely
as our most distinguished soldier th
general must know that we. hav
been training South Koreans as rap
idly as we could for a long time now.
... I will not play politics with war
and peace. Our men will come horn
from Korea just as soon as the na
tional safety permits. I deplore acy
suggestion that they can com any
sooner."
Milwaukee. Oct "I shall count
it if X receive your trust the biggest
demand upon me that the Job our sons
are doing b completed quickly."
Champaign, IIL. Oct 21 "Let us
Peoc
There was a time not so larg sg
(four years to b exact) when th
zner mention of Harry Truman
nam was enough la set United Uir
Workers Chief John L. Lewis off on
an almost Shakerpearean denuncia
tion. "A malignant scheming sort of in
dividual," a "dangerous" man, wai the
description Lewis gave of the Presi
dent In 1948 when he opposed his
election.
Todar. however. Truman and Lewis !
are on the same side of the political ;
fence, supporting Democratic Nom
ine Adlai Stevenson. The eukk end
v mmmmm j mm v vw.afcw i
tl. . V - . v I
ct uit a crm appeal wj vae
resident to Lewis demonstrated that
th pear pip had been paaed
around at th sudden Whit House
conference between Truman, Lewis
and representative! of the Industry.
Lewis, In a message to th miners,
said it will require "a reasonable
time" f jt a decision on th recect
coal pay hike negotiated by Lewis
and the industry.
Th new contract called for pay
hike of 11.93 a day. The Wage Stabil
ization Board ruled that the rie was
inflationary by 4D cents and that only
SI .50 cf. it could be paid, bringing
miners' basic wige to 117X3 a day.
The ruling led to an immediate walk
out in virtually the entire Industry.
While Lewis appeared to be oa
more compatible ground with th
White House, it seemed clear that be
hoped th government would revert
the ware board' stand and ckay th
full SLK) pay rise.
1
Dates
Tuesday, Xevrmfeer I
Election Day.
Britain's Queen Elizabeth XI to
make first speech from the
throne to open new session of
Parliament in London.
' Sanday, Nevcwtor f
Southern Medical Associttion
meets In Miamt
X . . . Tft.l f , . a
v it lummu iacu uj xica . . . . . t-
V V mmwrnnmrntwrn, uummm fcwx JW WW
-Services
cents a day from pay rise of I1J9
promised coal miners. Francis P. Slat
thews, envoy to Ireland and former
Secretary of the Navy, dies.
! Oct 23 Gen. Naguib promises
t. i t . i j . . .
itto u c u uyu( w till j viA . .
ther Is no easy way out"
off northern Japan by Soviet Jets.. Egyptians "complete independence"
One-hundred-eleven dia in Britain as
three trains crash at Harrow. , -:
Oct 9 South Koreans recapture
White Horse Mountain, halting Com
munist drive.
Oct II Splinter political groups
move to place Gen. MacArthur's
name on ballots in Texas, Washington
and other states. ' '
Oct 12 Thirty-four U. S. scientists,
including many Nobel Prize winners,
join attack on McCarran Immigration
and Naturalization Act Economists -say
major depression unlikely in near
futures . ! , , "(
Oct IS Allies in ' Korea open
strong i "limited offensive." Soviet
Foreign Minister Andrei "Vishinsky
says he agrees with Gen. Eisenhower
that "American troops should not be
in Korea." Nixon accuses Stevenson
of "bad judgment" In Hiss deposition.
Oct 14 United Nations, General
Assembly opens in new home in New
York. Vester B. Pearson ct Canada
elected president Eisenhower ' dis-
qf the Nil Valley. Dr. Selrnan Wsks-
man, co-discoverer of streptomycin,
awarded Nobel Prize in Medicine,
t Oct 24 Eisenhower asserts he will.
If elected, go to Korea to seek early,
honorable end to the war. Acheson,
in two-hour-and-40-minute speech be
fore UK, bars peace without' honor
Irt Korea. Sen. Wayne Morse resigns,
from GOP, says he acts for good of
country, campaigns for Stevenson.
Oct 27 President Truman accuses
Eisenhower cT "dishonesty" in putting
entire blame for 1949 withdrawal of
U. S. troops from' Korea on Stat De
partment Sen, McCarthy asserts
chief Stevenson aides are "Commu
nist sympathizers who ridicule re
ligion." ;Oct 2X Stevenson tells capacity
crowd in Madison Square Garden
Republicans have yielded principle to
expediency. Stevenson advisers ex
press belief he has overtaken his
rival. Eisenhower's staff confident of
victory- - - .
In Short
Transferred: frcrn th OSc of
Price Stabilization to newly created
local stabilization agencies, authority
to recommend price roll-backs, sus
pend ceilings, and revoke previous
orders suspending controls in com
munities across the country.
Denied: by th State Department
that it is secretly discussing a Korean
true with Russian bloc representa
tives or that such talks are being
arranged "directly or Indirectly."
Recommeakded: by Attorney Gen
eral James McGranery. that the con
troversial McCarran Immigration and
Nationality Law be rewritten.
Kepwted: by the Navy's surgeon
general, that the mortality rate cf
men wounded In the Korean war has
been reduced to 12 per cent from th
death rate of 4-S per cent in World
War IL "
Annce4: by British authorities
in Malaya, that Red terror there is on
the wane.
(All JUfHts aerr4. AT Knrr.'Mirti )
Hereafter, th -proper course et i
action fcr crews cf U. S, planes at-
tacked by Soviet fighters will be to
fire back in self defense.
"The Air Force dUaclewed this week ?
that it Is leavizg to ill pUoti and J
overseas commanders the derision cf j
what to do la Individual eaaes.
One Air Force oSrer In Washington
made it plain that crews of a plne
like th B-29 shot down by Russian
fighters over Japanese waters earlier
this month, have the rixM to fixe bat k.
This new self defense program
seems direct rr relsted to the formal
note sent to Russia by th State De
partment Oct 17.
Th note protested the shootL-.g (
down cf the U-29 off Japan and de- ,
manned compensation for the loss ct
th bcrr.ber and the e'.gM men aboard.
Th not alo urged the "Soviet gjv- ',
ernment seriously to consider th
grave consequences hich can now ,
from lti reckless practice. If persirlei '
In, cf.atUckir.g without provocation i
-the aircraft f ether states."
Judxinx from this week's Air For re
announcement on "grav cor. fre
quence " could be the failure cf R.as
sian fighters to return to base after
any future attacks oa American sir- .
craft
r.
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