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Your Health
mNo Favor Sway$ U No tear Shall Aw"
From first SUtesmuL March ZS, llil
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
CHARLES A. SPRAUUsS, Editor and Publisher
FsbUshed every mornina. Basines efflet SIS 8 Commercial. Salem. Oregvn. Telephn Z-Z44L '
Catered at the posta'Dc el Saleaa. Orecon. m aecaad elm matter nder act mt Mama March S. UZ
- i
Industrial Integration in Europe
The administration for the heavy industry of
fix nations of Western Europe has set up shop
in Luxembourg with7 Jean Monnet, the French
economist and cabinet minister who thought up
the plan, as head of its nine-man board. This
authority will manage the production of coal
and steel in France, Germany, Italy, Belgium,
Holland, Luxembourg. Coal output runs to 220,
000,000 tons a year and steel to 40,000,000 tons.
Robert Schuman, French Foreign minister,
first offered the plan for integrating heavy in
dustry of Western Europe in May, 1950. It took
two years to effect an agreement, and one of the
nations, Britain, refused to enter -the deal. The
treaty which establishes the authority gives it
power, to set aside quotas and tariffs and sub
sidies, thus stimulating the flow of raw mate
rials. Finished products are to be sold through
out the six nations on the same terms. This ad
Venture in freedom of trade is a marked depart
ure from the past when cartels restricted output
and tariffs and quotas limited international
trade. - ;')'.''.-
The great value of the agreement is that it
permits treating as one integrated whole the
raw material sources and the great industrial
complex of Lorraine, the Saar, the Ruhr, Bel
gium and Luxembourg. The present fly in the
ointment however is the status of the Saar.
While economic unification has been achieved,
political division remains. France fears return of
the Saar to Germany would give the latter
superiority in coal-iron-steel production. Ger
many resists French efforts to hold the Saar in
its orbit and calls for an election when the Saar
landers undoubtedly would vote again for re
turn to Germany.. There is talk of asking the
United States to determine the issue between
France and Germany but that is a role the USA
" would assume with reluctance. I
Given some reasonably satisfactory adjust
ment of the Saar question and a period of time
the results ought to be highly satisfactory,, con
tributing to the peace of Western Europe, to the
rise in the standard of living of the people, and
to the development of an imposing strength
ready for Europe's defense. .
It took a long time to evolve .the agreement
for the Schusiian plan. With similar patience it
should be possible to settle the Saar question.
management the Board of Control is able to ef
fect substantial savings in operating costs.
1 The Board of Education would have to set up
a new supervising agency in its department if
it is to do the job of managing these institutions.
Already it has its hands full. in its work with
public schools of the state.
The report of the committee is brief, but it is
clear and convincing. In the face of it the As
sembly is not likely to shift control of these spe
cial institutions from the Board of Control.
Save a Second, Lose a Life
Seven weeks ago, after two children had been
seriously hurt on Salem streets. The Statesman
said "there is an increasing 'traffic hazard" in
this city "and it is time such hazard should b
recognized and dealt with ... if (more) serious
tragedy is to be averted."
Since that time, numerous subscriber-friends
have written and telephoned to complain of ex
cess speed of trucks and automobiles, of flagrant
law violations, and of just plain careless driv
ings So far as we have observed respect for traffic
regulations shows little improvement. Yet there
is where safety begins. We cannot afford to have
police lining all the streets and highways. The
major responsibility for safety rests on the driv
er and on the pedestrian if he is in the path of
vehicular travel. The urge to "beat the light" or
to cross from one lane to another, or to pass an
other car leads to "many infractions of regula
tions and accounts for many accidents all to
save a split second of time.
Whatever can be said for one-way streets,
they seem to have done three things: (1) en
couraged speed to catch or even to make up
traffic lights in madewiashes through the city;
(2) diverted to side streets traffic which doesn't
- want to be bothered with lights, and (3) made
excess speed a habit all over town. Perhaps they
aren't worth the price particularly when they
are confined to wide thoroughfares, not to nar
row streets where traffic otherwise is difficult.
The police can tighten enforcement and stiff
fines may impress a lesson, but in the last anal
ysis it is the motorist and the pedestrian who
must enforce safety rules on themselves.
Supervision of Blind, Deaf Schools
One of the recommendations in the Dr. Holy
report on Oregon education was that control of
the state schools for the blind and deaf be trans
ferred from the State Board of Control to the
State Board of Education. The Legislative As
sembly appointed a committee consisting of Sen.
Howard C. Belton and Reps. F. H. Dammasch
nd E. H. Mann to study the proposal. Their re
port, the first to be filed of any of the interim
committees, recommends that the control of the
schools be left with the Board of Control.
The recommendation is a sound one. Already
there is a full cooperation between the schools
nd the State Department of Education on
courses. Appointment of superintendents is on a
non-political basis and management is left with
them. The Board of Control concerns itself with
the care of buildings, the financial management
of the institutions, and leaves the custody and
instruction of children to the employed profes
sional staff. By coordinating services and sup
plies with those of other institutions under its
Land Reform in Egypt
The new government of Egypt is directing its
attention to land reform. That is usually the
most urgent heed in backward lands the land
has accumulated in the ownership of the wealthy
classes. The landlords live in the settlements
and exact heavy rentals from tenants. To pay
rent and taxes those who work the land live on
the edge of starvation, and are in such bondage
they can't escape; and even if they could they
haye no skills to earn a living with In other oc
cupation. ' '
But slicing up the land isn't a guarantee of a
lift in the standard of living. Sometimes it mere
ly would multiply the starvation for the hold
ings would be too small for efficient operation.
The outlet for over-populated countries is in
dustrialization. For this they lack capital and
technical knowledge and sometimes resources
and means of transport. With the best will In
the world those heading the revolution in Egypt
will not be able to do much toward easing the
lot of the submerged fellah. But they will vali
date their revolution if they make a real start
toward land and economic reform.
New Polish Constitution Promises Justice
But Without American -Type Safeguards
By J. M. ROBERTS, JR.
AiMcUtedl Press News Analyst
A new constitution for Com
munist Poland has been drawn.
It does not have the "new look,"
since it is taken strictly from the
Soviet copy book.
The Constitution of the United
, States spends a great deal of ef
fort to protect first the rights of
individuals, then the rignts of
states, against federal encroach
ment. In particular it sets up a sys
tem by which minorities can live
and prosper.
One of the first items of the
Polish constitution states the
duty of the government to limit,
oust and abolish thoses classes of
society which live by exploiting
the workers and farmers.
That means the capitalist,
whether he Is a stockholder,
storekeeper, Kulak landowner, or
anyone who does net prodnce
through personal sweat. Some
exceptions will be made, of
coarse, for "eultoral" workers,
who will be tamed into tools of
state propaganda.
But the point is not the regula
tion of non-laboring classes, but
their abolition. 'Abolition, like
liquidation. Is a tough word In
Communist Jargon.
Where the U. S. Constitution
outlines restrictions on the gov
ernment in Its relations with the
people, and its dues to them, the
thirteenth paragraph of the new
Polish constitution says: "strict
adherence to the laws of the Pol
ish People's Republic is the fun
damental duty of every organ of
the state and of every citizen."
Well, of coarse. Bat there is
something significant about the
approach. Contrary to wide
spread public belief. Communism
' does not abolish property rights.
t - Both the Soviet and Polish con
stitutions contain guarantees of
ownership and the right to in
herit. But there is a hitch. Every
thing that Is part of the economic
life of the state, from the shoe
rjpker's awl to the potato field,
co" der the special cart of
the state.
The state promises to eare for
"individual farms of working
i farmers,' bat to give "special
j support" to collective farms.
"The main forms of state snp
( port and help for co-operative
! farms are the state machine een
i ters, which make possible the ap
plication of modern technique.
: and state credits on easy terms.
In practice that means the state
owns the machinery of farming,
cultivators, tractors and reapers,
and if the individual f aimer who
opposes collectives can get along
(Without them, and deliver with-'
out fail the state assessment
against his product before he
feeds his family, in drought or
In plenty, he will not be dispos
sessed. So, 'the Constitution says,
"the Polish People's Republic
guarantees to citizens full pro
- tection of persons, property and
the right to inherit it," adding a
little later on, "property may be
confiscated only in cases deter
mined by law, by virtue of a final
judgment of the court."
Communist law and Commun
ist court, that is. And without
that little gimmick of the Ameri
can basic law, "just compensation."
Literary Guidepost
By DAVID TAYLOR MARKS
THE LANDSMEN, by Peter
Martin (Little, Brown; $3.73)
To several millions of Ameri
can Jews of Russian extraction,
even to the second and third gen
erations, "The Landsmen" will be
a novel of nostalgia.
To millions more, of other ex.
tractions, it will help to explain
the strange and alien mores
j brought to these shores by a peo-
pie seeking havens of refuge and
! opportunities for survival and
! betterment.
To sociologists this book may,
i in time, : become a source book
; of the way of life never again to
be duplicated in the Russia we
i know. now.
Well written though it may be,
I The. Landsmen" is not really a
I noveL Rather it is a collection of
! vignettes depicting the "Golinsk
; ers," the people who lived in the
old Russian village bf Golinsk In
I the latter part of the 19th cen-
tury. They serve their master on
j the hilL the Squire, doing all his
j farm work as well as the many
j little illicit tasks he sets. To in
; cur his displeasure might mean
f a beloved son's conscription into
i the army or the loss of one's
! livelihood. In return he allows
The Safety
t 'I
Valve
I
Until last week Marion County had gone 43 years without a
first degree murder conviction of a civilian (not-counting crimes
committed in the state pen here). In 1908 C. Y, Timmons, 37-
year-old carpenter, was convicted for murder
ing his wife. He died on the gallows in Feb.
1909, After the murder Timmons had slashed
his own throat and' one of the men who fed
and nursed him in a Marion C&unty jail cell
was a young, deputy named Jim McGilchrist,
now a tourist guide at the State Capitol. The
hard-working assistant district attorney on the
case was another young fellow by the name of
Charles L. McNary.
A. Robert Smith, Statesman's Washington
correspondent. get hla handsome . mag pbced ta the latest Issue
of Editor A Publisher, snapped while A. Robert was toiling at
the Demo nat. convention . . . Convention reporter for the New
Orleans Times-Picayune was a fellow named Edgar Allen Poo,
who probably croaked, fFornevermore" when the fighting was
over ... Food salesman calling on retail food stores using an
other Salem paper's route list as a guide are going to find them- j
selves headed, the wrong direction on local one-way streets, j
Seems'the list was patterned after The Statesman's old ronte list j
and not its recently -complied new list which takes into account
the grid system.
I o ; o o .-.'! S
Well, anyway, the Air Force is not too snooty to reverse its
field if necessary. It is now blaming the Wash. D. C-, flying sau
cers on cold air layers . . . not so long ago, though, it was blam
ing the discs on hot air liars . . .
Changing of Salem suburban area postal service brought on
Its little pains of trouble . . '. Other day residents on one route
found in their mailboxes instructions to change their box num
bers and to notify their pen pals of the change . ." . Next day some
boxholders found orders' to "please disregard the previous or- :
der." . . . Then the following day, order came out to paint street I
numbers instead of box numbers on the mailboxes ... Next thing
some boxholders expect is a query from Aunt Emma asking how
come they move so often.
Marion County Judge Rex Hartley says no cornerstone ap
' parently was ever laid in the old courthouse, recently torn down;
At least workmen didn't find one and official records don't show
any. Kinda unusual too, because when the courthouse was built
80 years ago sealing a box of articles in new cornerstones was
considered a big thing . . . Defendant up for sentencing in Mar
ion County Circuit Court told the court he'd served a sentence
for something or other in Alabama once. State police here came
up with a record of two five-year sentences in Oregon prison;
Oh, said our man, he'd forgotten about them. So the judge gave
him a two-year memory jolt on the new charge.
GRIN AND BEAR IT by Lichty
them little more than their huts,
their synagogue and their
shrouds.
Living ever on the brink of
starvation and extinction, then
lives serve to explain to Ameri
cans why it is they congregated
in the cities here, possessed such
an insatiable desire for education
and betterment, and combined
qualities of acquisitiveness with
large and generous portions of
philanthropy.
There is drama and humor
and profound insight into the
hearts of people in this book.
Here is Mottel, who after serving
in the army, forsakes the ways
of his coreligionists and becomes
an outcast. Yet he goes to jail to
help his orphaned nephews. Here
is gentle Reb Maisha, teaching
the young to love God and
preaching the joys to be found
in the "Next World," and Laib,
who wont be a tailor and learns
to play the violin from the pros
titute Vary a. .
There are a host of other char
acters, each depicting some facet
of life in the old country, some
carryover to be found in this
country, as the author's grand
mother becomes the link between
the old world and the new. ;
, ;
In Defense of Teenage Drivers
To the editor '
I have been amused and I real
ly mean amused at the comments
made recently on the traffic sit
uation in Salem, There is a traf
fic situation alright, but I have
n't noticed so much reckless
drivng. .
It seems to mo that the teen
agers are always being blasted
away at. What is wrong with
, these teenagers having cars or
' rods so to speak. Some of these
youngsters have small jobs and
have no other way of going to
work, and with the cost of good
them?
cars, bow could they afford them?
As for their driving, what is the
percentage "of persons killed and
accidents occured over that of
those 20 years, of age and older.
Some of the most hazardous
situations are these people who
think they are driving so care
fully, such as driving 10 miles
an hour in a 30 mile zone, and
keep hugging the yellow line.
No respect for those who wish to
travel at the given rate of speed.
This signaling situation, a right
signal when they are turning left;
never a hand out when they slow
down to almost stopping; and if
they are turning right, not even
the courtesy of signaling right so
the drivers behind will know
what they are going to do. (Sig
nal lights on cars should be com
pulsory). These are just a few,
I could name a lot more, especial
ly where pedestrians are con
cerned. Yes, we have a traffic situa
tion, but I don't thing the fault
all lies with the teenagers creat
ing it. Some comment has been
made in regards to adding more
nonce, to catch these violators.
This means higher taxes, and
then who does the crying, the
citizens of Salem. Why not every
one try cooperating with the of
fleers Instead of criticizing and
the traffic problem will solve it
self.
Margaret Kurth
495 W. Browning Ave.
Safety valve
Who was President
To the Editor:
Who was president when World
War I was declared? World War
II was declared? World War III
was declared?
Would like an answer in your
paper '
Rillie Kerber,
Monmouth
Editor's Note: No.l Woodrow
Wilson; No. 2. Franklin D. Roose
velt; No. 3, WW HI not declared
yet. ,
Better English
By D. C. WILLIAMS
1. What is wrong with this sen
tence? "All of our friends were
there, and the reason for this is
apparent. - ;
' 2. What is the correct pronun
ciation of "judicatory"?
3. .Which one of these words is
mispelled? Caterer, condensor,
chancellor, vernacular.
4. What does the word "com
plement mean?
5. What is a word beginning
with sp that means "mtermitt
ent"?
ANSWERS .
U Say, "All (omit of)
friends were there, and the
son for this is obvious." 2. pro
nounce joo-di-ka-to-ri, oo as in
too, both l's as in It, a unstressed
o as in no, accent first syllable,
3. Condenser. 4. That which com
pletes. "History is the comple
ment of poetry. 5 Spasmodic.
our
rea
Patients With Tuberculosis
Checked for Cancer of Lung
Cancer of the lung and tuber
culosis; can cause symptoms that
are so similar we often cannot
tell the diseases apart by look
ing at the symptoms alone. Fur
ther tests have to be made in
order to be sure tuberculosis
alone is present.
Usually, the person with tuber
culosis has night sweats,, cough,
and loss of weight. Coughing up
blood is another important sign.
Almost one-third of the , people
with tuberculosis can remember
spitting up blood at some time.
In a recent study, it was found
that one in every hundred pa
tients in tuberculosis hospitals
also has cancer of the lung. In
part, the reason for this finding
is that hospitals today , have a
larger number of older patients,
who are more likely to have lung
cancer. This trend toward older
patients in tuberculosis hospitals
has been noticeable in the last
few years.
It seems that tuberculosis is
becoming more and more a dis
ease of the aged. The old theory
that a person could not get tuber
culosis in middle age is rapidly
being disproved. One recent study
found that 58 per cent of the men
in a certain sanatorium were
over 50 years old. . . .
What can be done to track
down a cancer when the, patient
also has tuberculosis? i "
Sanatoriums are now trying to
discover cancer sooner by taking
X-rays of all patients repeatedly
and frequently. Then they can
begin to combat the cancer at
once.- ?! , i
Diagnoisis of cancer together,
with tuberculosis can sometimes
be made by an examination of
the sputum, in which a search is
made for cancer cells. j
In some cases there may be a
need to inspect the bronchial
tubes directly. This can be done
with the bronchoscope, an instru
ment that is passed down the
throat and into the tubes of the
lungs (bronchi).
Cancer of the lung can be
helped : if treatment is started
early enough. Modern surgery
has been so perfected that these
tumors can be removed from the
lung; v
The menace of tuberculosis oc
curring together with cancer of
the lung can be brought under
control by careful observation and
diagnosis by physicians.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
L. D.: I have heard that when
a person has multiple sclerosis, he
has difficulty in talking. Is this
true? i;
Answer: In some cases, the
' person may have a speech diffi
culty. : He may enunciate his
words slowly and have a tenden
cy to hesitate at the beginning of
a word syllable. This is caUed
"scanning" speech.
Frank Sedgman Ousted
By Fellow Australian
SOUTH ORANGE, N. N. (AV
Frank Sedgman of Australia, who
can be a world beater when he
wants to, was upset Monday in
the finals of the Eastern Grass
Courts Tennis Championships by
fellow countryman Ken Mc
Gregor. ;
"M c G r e g o r, the - Australian
champion, won, 6-3, 6-4, in a
shortened two-of -three sets match
decided upon because of Sunday's
showers.
Doris Hart of Coral Gables. Fla,
easily won the women's singles
title over Shirley Fry,, Akron,
Ohio, 6-1, 6-3.
PLACED IN IKON LUNG
PENDLETON (P)-Ronald Lewis,
23, Pendleton, was under treat
ment in an iron lung here Mon-
32 polio victims to require' such
care. Attendants said his condition
was improved.
LPJ
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I
"We're NOT going to leave our card, Belknap! . .. I wouldn't give
hem the satisfaction of knowing they avoided us . ..
The meat of watermelons varies
in sweetness, fiber and color, rang
t ing from dark red through pink to
yellow. . - . ;
there's no substitute for
CRAFTSMANSHIP
THf AMEUCA'S CUP
' The mott cherished yachting
trophy in the world. Mode in
1851, it wot called the Hun.
dred-Guinea Cup (about $525).
: This included $350 for worfc-
manship. The cvf t price, how
i ever, hat nothing to do with its
value. Millions of dollars have
: been spent by defenders and
challengers in racing for pot.
teuion of .The America's Cup.
there's no substitute for
SAVINGS
Thought.. .planning... and pride of accomplish
meat are part of a craftsman's sldlt And the samt
thought and planning are needed in building a
financially successful future. When your plans in
elude a First National Bank of Portland savings
account, and you save regularly you'll enjoy the
peace of mind that comes from being able to meet
emergencies. Establish your credit while mccumu '
lating ready cash. Open your account at The First
National...the bank that stays open 10 to 5, SIX
DAYS A WEEK, including Saturday, for your
convenience.
rnfSn SALEM BRANCH
ns-DKSlirmTiormL onna
I S OF PORTLAND
Ae baa. aW stay OfSM 10 TO S tOC OATS A WSSX sW
"UTS SUU OtEGOM TOCcTHBT