4 The' Slslsszaca. Sclera: Oregon? V7dn day. 'fan Z3, 1331 & ()rtjaon:Mktcsmaft GRIN AND tlEAlV IT ) f ' ! j ! , by Lichty "No Favor Sway V. No Fear Shall A tee" from First Statesman March Kg. SS1 j ; THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY CHARLES A. SPRAdUE, Editor and Publisher Fa bushed every aaorotnt. Basineas efface tl5 8 CobukkUL Salem. Ore on. Telephone S-I44L. Entered at lb postofrica ,at Salens. Oregan. as seoeBd class matter coder act of congress March S. 1S1& --' - .it- : : , . - ' ' ; Electric Energy for the Northwest ! , The talk of Dr. Paul J. Raver,- administrator lor Bonneville Power at Salem last week, drew1 fire from opposite sides of the state. The Astq- -rian-Budget took umbrage at, his reference to fish" as retarding the program for developing the region's hydroelectric resources. The Bend Bulletin pointed out that a brother bureau in and build and put into operation one of these mammoth dams across the Columbia (they are just! now adding the last of the' generators at Grand Coulee);. but only a year or two to erect a big coal or oil or gas-fired steam plant. Out here the pf ivate companies in Bonneville territory did very little to increase their genera tion capacity after Bonneville was authorized. the interior department, the fish and wildlife .' They became dependent on federal generation. service, has been putting brakes on projects such as the Pelton dam on Deschutes river.- Actually Dr. Raver indulged in no criticisms. He pointed out the fact that controversies over salmon pro- tection had disrupted the program outlined for public and private power development. I City of Tacoma dams on the Cowlitz, the PGE proposal for the Deschutes, and the army engi neers' plans for dams at The Dalles and Ice Har bor on the Snake all have'run into Mfish" op- One reason' was 'fear of public ownership; an other was the relatively higher cost of privately produced, en er gv as compared with tax-free production by. the government. Only recently have private companies in the immediate BPA area shown interest in constructing new gener ating facilities.'! - Over the country the outlay of private com panies has been enormous, but it has kept the regions they serve adequately supplied. Present lJSi flU '"T"' I . U: 1 jaj.aa-jjy.a. f nr UtD LC0L& (Continued from page 1) continent,' interesting lightening: : and en- position, though indirectly at The Dalles .where : . plans call for an outlay of two billions a year the immediate issue is settling with Indians on their tribal fishing rights. We had thought with several dams now build ing that the northwest should overcome its elec tric deficiency. Dr. Raver doesn't favor stopping to catch one's breath. He sees the enormous hy droelectric potentialities of the northwest as goals to be realized just as fast as possible. Lack ing coal and petroleum and natural gas, electri city to be generated from falling water is the only great' power resource which this region has, and power is basic to industrial development J for three years. Perhaps both the companies and the public in the northwest have made a mistake in this dependence on Bonneville. We have been educated so long to low-cost power that com panies are unwilling to build more steam plants with higher per kw cost of generation. Tied to the jerky federal program we may lose develop ment otherwise possible. j ' It comes down to this (which was mentioned also by Dr. Raver last week): Shall -we go in for supplemental steam plants? They can be built quickly. They are useful for meeting peak demand even in normal times, and quite indis pensable in seasons of very low water. PGE for example could have had a steam plant built and Tunning in the. time lost dickering over the Pel- ton site Which still has the fish hurdle to over- Itfs confratalaUons from the insurance company, dear . . . they say we can new retire and live comfortably on oar SlOI-a-month annuity wo took out Zi years axe . ' - 'nr"r"Jr''r-f'iVi'iTfffiVi'3 " BPA has recently published studies on an "Advance Program for Defense." Fully aware of; the great value of Bonneville and Grand Coulee for defense production in the late war Bonne ville is eager to move forward to provide a pow-, come. The extra post of steam over hydro might er surplus available in the present or future! force a slight increase in rates; but it is better emergency. Industries to be served would in- j ; to have that than no electricity. (TVA is adding dude particularly light metals, electro-chemicsl; ! 2,700,000 kw in steam generation to its 3,100,000 and fabrication. (! The increase in electric generation capacity to" be provided by plants now in construction is known. The study undertakes also to set against this figure the anticipated requirements for ci ViTian and defense needs. The increase in feder al generating capacity (January peaking figures for minimum water year) will be 1,024,000 kw between this year and 1954-55. The increase In non-federal capacity for the same period will be D55.000 kw, or a total of nearly 2,000,000 kw. After that year there will still remain four gen erating units to" be installed at McNary dam and 12 at Chief Joseph, by 1958-59. As to demand the study estimates that loads will continue to increase though not as rapid; a rate as the past ten years. An increase of 800,000 kw in demand is estimated for distribution sys tems between 1950-51 and 1954-55. For defense needs a report of the president is cited giving the figures of four tofour and one-half million kw in hydro). The northwest must not let the fuss over fish hamstring its development. The dams building will take care of very substantial expansion. Hell's Canyon could add a great output a few years later. Steam plants can serve to iron out the valleys in hydro generation If we pool our ideas as we have our energy in the northwest we should come out all right. ,y ' Next Monday ceremonies will be held at the national monument on the Little Bighorn river to commemorate the 75th anniversary of "Cus ter's last stand." This was the battle in which Custer and his entire command of troopers from the! Seventh cavalry were wiped out . by the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians. The National Geo graphic magazine reports that a statue of Crazy Horse, one of the Indian chiefs in the battle, is beine carved in heroic size on the granite too kw as required for expansion in atomic energy . of j mountain in the Black hills. The Indian will and metal and chemical industries. Necessarily -s:t astride a horse 400 feet lone: and height of this is somewhat nebulous. We do not know how serious the war threat will become or what the level of economic activity will be in the next ten years. s . ' ' ' It is also an important public question as to - i . the allocation of hydroelectric energy td" great tQltOricll wOIllIXlGIlI energy consuming industries such as aluminum reduction and chemicals. If these heavy indus tries move in to absorb hydroelectric energy as fast as it can be produced then our great natural resources will be more or less permanently de dicated to basic industry, lifting the region only one step above the level of primary producer, which it is largely now. Somewhere there ought to be a balance struck." 1 - There is one project which Is free from the fish controversy and that is Hell's canyon. It has opposition from Idaho Power company which wants to build Jive low level dams on this run of the Snake river. The greater volume of power , offered in the one big dam, both through its own generation and though adding to the stream flow for use in dams lower down, together with the benefit of flood control offered by the vast re servoir, makes the one federal project inviting. This however has not been authorized by con horse and rider will be nearly as great as the Washington monument. That surely will be Crazy Horse's last ride. HOW BRITAIN GOT THE OIL Few of us have ever heard of William Knox D'Arcy, but it was this Australian engineer who, 50 years ago, opened the way for the British con trol of Iranian oil that has the whole world by the ears today. D'Arcy wrangled from the Shah the exclusive rights for 60 years to any oil that might be found in Iran (then Persia) except in the five northern provinces. The most remarkable part of this remarkable concession was the price paid. It was only $20,000 in cash, another $20,000 after profitable operations should begin, and a royalty of 18 per cent of the profits. No wonder the Iranians cry "Murder" when they consider the original D'Arcy concession! D'Arcy sold his rights, for what now seems a pittance, to the Burmah Oil company, which struck high-grade oil and lots of it In 1909 the Anglo Persion, now Anglo-Iranian, company was organ ized to develop the deposits, and commercial pro duction began in 1913. 1 A subscriber writes to say, regarding our question-answer column, that Salt Lake Instead of Red Lake, Minn., is the larg est inland lake surrounded by one state. And that "blood, sweat and tears" is from the bible, not Winston Churchill. He (or she) asks why McLemore's column was discontinued. Well, the question answer, comments are being referred to Gor don Features, which provides those paragraphs in the Stateman. The McLemore column (we are told) was discontinued because (1) it fre quently arrived too late for publication and (2) Mac too often strayed from! travel writing (in which he was very good) to editorializing (in which he was often very bad). This week is National Bow Tie week dedicated to Fa thers who tie their bows toeakly ; . . And (good news jor asthmatics, hayfeverists and sneezers in general!) the entire month of June is National Ragwood Control month spon sored, not by OPS, but by the Cincinnati Citizens' Anti Weed committee. Now if the Office of Price Speculation would only ration ragweed. : , I A report from Chuck Barclay, airport manager, in the city's monthly municipal report says: "The Oregon state game com mission has reported they do not feel there i$ any practical way to remove the pheasants (Chinese) on the airport. We were in structed to make the area as unattractive as possible." One 12 gauge suggestion: A bunch of hunters in old clothes would make an unattractive sight and would probably take care of the phea sants too. '! '. When the Marion hotel opens its new cocktail bar in a coupla months patrons will probably have to use passkeys to get in. G. Clerico, hotel manager, says that steady guests' will be issued keys. This, he hopes, will iive the manage ment a check on customer types and u?Il prevent every Tom, Dick and Mary from crashing in. The key plan is being used in the east. .! f If you wonder what's happening to natural picnic spots in this area draw up an ant-hill and we'll take; the case of Taylor's Grove, long-time favorite situated on the Little North fork of the Santiam river near Mehama. The site is in a dandy wooded area on a nice, clean, primitive-type stream with lots of room to wander or fish. Well, the owners almost didn't open the park this year. They say trouble with certain elements of the public is heart (and back) breaking. Someone came in about a month ago and took away all the outside stoves in the place, probably for scrap iron. Another time all the plywood tops of tables were taken. Then after each week end there's the matter of picking up broken glasses, bottles, etc., which careless indivduals like to scatter around. Result: Pretty soon no picnic spot on the San tiam. V V: ; "In Euros? , one soon acquires a great appreciation for the dy namic character of the Ameri can economy which is contrasted so sharply at ever turn with the restrictive- ! business practices over here. I had been told about . the monopoly conditions which existed in the European econo mies but I was not prepared for anything so complete and all encompassing. All of the institu tions reflect this monopoly or cartelized system of production. And the results low wages, in efficient production, high pro duction costs and high consum er prices, very low standards of living, stagnation of technology are abundantly evident. "In France, for example, it is not uncommon for operators to -be. making a profit of 500 per cent per year at the same time that wages are so low that the operator argues that it doesn't pay to "install machinery - that , would increase productivity and volume of output. As a matter of fact, even the tax laws of France reflect the basic arrange ment by which output is restrict ed and high prices are maintain ed by agreement. These laws tax the number of units of output or transactions instead of income, and so there is a direct incen tive not to move in the Amer ican direction of increased out put with its lower per unit costs and lower prices. Even the trade unions subscribe to this approach and sign industry-wide agree ments which. base wages on what the least efficient unit can af ford to pay. : To educate -a people with hab its so deeply ingrained in busi ness practices to adopt a dynam ic program for economic devel opment is a major undertaking. The immediate dislocations cause strains and protests (like lower ing a tariff in the USA). The temptation is or only minor ad justments when a major opera tion, not only in techniques but in mental attitudes is required. And millions accustomed to old world ways simply do not want to be "Americanized." The Safety Valve ' (Contributions to this column ihould b limited to 300 words. Writ only oa In that year the decision was made to convert ' pp": siv nam and full address. Poetry is not accepted.) His: Majestjrs Navy from coal-burning to oil-burn- , Another comment with regard to our power situation: the northwest has consistently been the power deficient region for the past several years. Other regions, dependent almost entirely on private plants,' have not suffered much. This has been due to two things: 1st, the alertness and promptness of private utilities to move, as compared with the slowness of the federal pro cess: 2nd, the greater speed with which small plants, particularly steam plants, can be con structed It takes from four to six years to plan tag, and in 1314 the British government bought a controlling interest in the Anglo-Persian company. But in 1932 the Shah cancelled the D'Arcy con cession. He alleged that it had been obtained under duress, that the oil fields had been developed in adequately, and that the royalties had been calcu lated unfairly. A new 60-year contract was signed In 1933. By this the British oil concession was restricted to 100,000 square miles in southern and southwestern Iran and the royalty was increased to 20 per cent. This percentage has been raised again and again, but Britain must evidently go still further if it is to continue to get he oiL Corvallis Gazette Times. Bickering in Washington May Lead Reds mm a mm Kl I" s ' f A dents arguing against. The To Attempt New, Expedition of Aggression .s By J. M. Kaberts, Jc Associated Press News Analyst t WASHINGTON, June 1MV Students of Russian tactics, fol lowing all the talk in the Mac- Arthur investi gation about American weakness and efforts to avoid further conflict, would not -be surprised if Moscow staged some new feel er expedition as a test. The great ef fect of U. N. in tervention in Korea was to warn the Soviet Union that the United States and her allies were pre pared to resist aggression even if it occurred in an area of rela tively low strategic importance.' But much of the strength of that warning may now have been dissipated by th resulting argu ments in Washington and be ween the allies. The Russians miht .very well believe now that, in view of the quandaries r .- ' - ;; ' - a. J which Korea has produced, the western powers might be very cautious in their reaction to fu ture provocation, t Communist reverses in Korea have diminished the- prospect of early Chinese support for an all out effort by the Indo-Chinese rebels. Things art : seething in Burma, but- Peiping'is having widespread ; troubles in south China and may not be ready for more in that area. Iran is an ex tremely dangerous spot, but com munist action there might in volve Russia directly in war, which she appears not to want - for the time' being.il With increasing allied support of the Tito government in Yugo slavia, it would seem that, if there has been any change at all in the balance against war in the Balkans, that the change favors Yugoslavia, and that Russia is not yet ready to propel her east- -era uropean satellites into a si tuation where she might her self be dragged in quickly. ' If Russia, then, desires some non-war test of current Ameri can determination, Germany would seem to be the safest and surest place. Russia used her blockade of Berlin in 1943 for that purpose, found the Americans adamant, and backed off. Since then Rus sia has made no headway to ward fostering a united Germany which she might eventually take over. The unification appeal has largely failed because. Germans were brought to realize that un- der Russia's terms it would not mean a new Germany, but Just another Russian satellite. Now, for several days the Rus sians have been playing around with the idea of another block ade. Exports - of west Berlin products through the Russian zone have been interfered with, halted and then resumed. Whether the squabble is mere ly a form of pressure in connec tion with negotiation of German east-west trade arrangements, or whether it will develop into something more serious, remain ed to be seen. Sustains Mao for ASOTC At Willamette j To the Editor: ! As a student ot Willamette University I believe it is my duty to clarify an Issue which has been appearing on the front 'pages for several days. The is sue is that of the proposed ROTC contingent to be estab lished at Willamette. It seems that debate has tiken place at the recent Oregon ' Methodist conference on whether such a unit should or should not be es tablished, with President : i G. Herbert Smith arguing for; it and representatives of a close ly-knit minority group of . stu dents arguing against. The cover not in any case convey that tne major ity of the students of Willi m- ette U. are against the promul gation of such a military train ing device. I say without , res ervation or qualm that if a vote were held of the student-body on whether or not the unit should stay, if the unit should prove essential to the university's con tinuance, the vote ' would ; be overwhelming in favor of re taining the unit. The student body will back President Smith to the hilt on his stand for the ROTC unit at, Willamette uni versity. The editorial in " Saturday's Statesman about "realistic Christianity" is a fine expres sion ot . the preponderance of student opinion. Some of . the "pacifists" clan at the school are still unable to see the forest of life and liberty because ot their preoccupation with the individual trees of academic dogma. In a world of power politics there fre quently occurs the necessity ! to wage war to preserve the demo cratic atmosphere in which edu cation and religion can exist. A tremendous majority .of the stu- dents are Intensely' aware of that necessity, many have already en listed, many more have "joined National Guard units and are now in summer bivouac in an attempt to train themselves for the third World War which many through-out the world con aider inevitable. Willamette university muster ed men in ! 1898. 1917. 1941 and it stands ready today.: Good luck to President Smith In his debate against academic astig matism. Long Live Realistic Christianity. Eldon F. Caley 381 Leslie St. Better English 1. What lis wrong with this sentence? f I cut the apple in half and gave up one to my .brother." 2. What Is the correct pronun ciation of "itipend"7 3. Which one of these words Is misspelled?: Attendant, adolesc ent, adhorant, admonition. 4. What does the word "modu late mean? 3. What Is a word beginning with ef that means "wealthy'? . -ANSWERS 1. Say, "I cut the apple ' In twe or, halves), and gave (omit as) on half to my brother." 2. Pronounce stipend, I as in sigh, accent first syllable. 3. Adherent. 4. To temper; soften. There are many speakers who do not know how to modulate their voices.' S. Opulent. If we lost our liberties it wQl be because we abandon them- Dr. Yanovar Bush. Hurley CI aims trike Violence Bringsueath, Murder Case VPy-Violence at the strike-bound oerryton ,mius Drougnt death to a woman employe Monday and murder charges . against two men and five women. Sheriff Reuben Lyons said Miss Nellie Tucker, 45, was killed when strikers overturned a car carrying her and five other women to work. She tried to jump from the car and was crushed beneath it. The others escaped with shock and minor injuries. "The sheriff said a water line to the mill was dynamited last night, and power lines, at the mill were damaged. j, : 1 Members of the CIO-Textile Workers Union of America hava been on strike -at iBerryton since May'SLiTha union has won two elections authorizing it to repre sent Berryton workers, but TWUA and management have been un able to get together on a contract The union struck On grounds the mill refused te negotiate in good faith. Some 500 production and maintenance workers are affected. James F. O'Shea, manager of the northwest Georgia board of TWUA. said he had no comment on today's , violence because "I facts." "It was almost a riot," Lyons said. "Some 200 strikers were there. It happened so quickly, the officers were unable to reach the automobile in time." The sheriff, listed those arrest ed and jailed pending a commit ment hearing -as Myrtle Bryson, Susie Ponder,- Gladys McArthur Pledger, Viola- Strange, Jessie Kinsey, Roy McGraw and Louis McGraw. . Irishmen like I -Bachelor ?Iife I DUBIJN-AHhough Ireland of romantic lovers, statistics how once had a reputation as a land that the marriage rate is far be low most European countries. Officials are hoping that this year's census will show that mar riage is staging a comeback. The 1948 census showed that only two out of five Irishmen be tween 30 and 34 years old were' married the lowest proportion la the world. , Margaret Buys Five f Exciting Gowns in Paris PARIS. June 19-UPV-Marearet Truman took a quick look at the heart of Parts today and promptly bought five -"exciting" dresses. The shopping was done at the . fashionable establishment of Jacques Griff e. Griff e reported later that the' purchases - were three afternoon dresses, a tailored suit and an evening dress. The latter fluffy" crinoline in . red lace. '. The president daughter, who is seeing the French capital for the first time, was accompanied this morning by Mrs. David Bruce, wife of' the American- ambassa dor. They lunched at Maxim's and visited the cathedral i ot Notre Dame and the chapel of St. Chap pile. - . : At the end of the excursion. Miss Truman met reporters at the United States information center and said "it was wonderful. I've' seen so many beautiful things." x Miss Truman dined tonight with President and Madame Vincent Auriol at the Errsee palace. To morrow she is to have lunch with Gen. Eisenhower at bis headquarters.- AREMISSIN6 AREALTHRJU. UtfTtL you Stalin Made No Yalta Demands WASHINGTON.? June 19-PV- nm J. iuriey tonight disputed testimony by Secretary of State Acheson that concessions were! made to Soviet Premier Stalin at Yalta to bring Russia into the war against Japan. "I talked to Stalin." said Hur ley, "and he made no demands be cause he was our ally." Acheson had given the conces sions testimony at the current sen ate mquiry into the ouster of Gen eral Douglas MacArthur and the administration's Far East policy. Hurley, former ambassador to China and President Roosevelt's personal representative in Moscow during World War II; spoke in broadcast. - Hurley said that Stalin told him he was ready to come Into the war, and he said: : - "I think Mr. Acheson was wrong about a number of things in his testimony. I recall that Stalin told Harry Hopkins and also probably Cordell Hull that he was ready to come in. Hurley gave his views on the NBC program "Meet the Press." Hurley scheduled to testify to morrow before the senate inquiry committee said he came to Wash ington in 1945 to see President Roosevelt because "I couldn't be lieve we had sold out the Chinese patlonalists in secret agreements at Yalta." r It was at Yalta that President Roosevelt, Premier Stalin, and Bri tish Prime Minister Winston Churchill negotiated agreem e n t s which led to the entry of Russia into the far Pacific war against Japan just one week before Japan surrendered. : Pickup Crash river Injures D Statetamaa News Strrtes HUBBARD, June 19 A pickup truck left highway 99E and turned over near here about 4:43 p.m. to day, injuring the driver, Donald Serres, 17, Oregon City. State police said Serres was driving to Wood burn to work when he apparently went to sleep and ran off the road. The youth suffer ed cuts to the forehead, eye and lip in the mishap which occurred about a quarter mile from the Bea con Inn south of here. He was tak en to Oregon City hospital for treatment by City Ambulance ser vice of Salem. Wheat Loaded For India Trip PHILADELPHIA, June 19-(AV American wheat, 333,000 bushels of If, was loaded on a liberty ship today, the first U.S. grain cargo bound for famine-stricken India under the ECA assistance pro gram. - ' ... ! - " ' - Madame Pandit, India's ambas sador to the United States, stood on the deck of the brightly-paint ed vessel, John Chester Kendall, and said "thank you, thank you America" as longshoremen tun neled the wheat into the yawning holds. The ship sails-' tonight. aaaaBaaaaaavBaaBBaaaaa t ' , va I Y . v J So assyf So mtnooth! So diEwntt Come drive tha firtt ( and dnmti automatic transmission in th tow- -' price field ... tod my! v jf fawarglM H wmmt mmvm4 mwrnr a Mllmm ag Douglas UcKay Chevrolet Co J 510 N. Commercial Phone 3-3173 sis completely Modern, oUOrkoMf offices tor I I I reel ' ky 12' and by 14. Convenient locatioa'aear Saleai't fovtb city liaits. Ample parking space. Meal for merchandise I brokers needing mod, economic ol offices. Warehouse space adjoining also available. Colt today for f writer details. I J fei CJvo Wmm mminm nn err iiirin itVZ-J I WW vf Wl ft fcVrtlJ ni f mmmmm . n lOiXS $25 TO $300 at timii i i f mifw n KM to Cot Don't borrow uooocosoarily, but If a loan will pay aid bills, modi eal or dental espensei. car or homo repairs if s "yos" promptly to 4 out of 5 at rWaaf Fait, friendly aomco. Coma to or phono today. . r8 6 1 1 -VISIT XOAHt tooajtljf Mf tpMfW tinaf ftwa io 00 ia)o9 ( Vll l yew woyond ASt...n. aaW ajoa"Sjaafaas . -rat flaana)vtraAf lff'S TO SAV TIT &A07.?ttlANCE CO. Ord. tU OeJOOff 1W a. wmmm . Pkenti M444 Chariot L AAoa, TTJ MANogor 3 ' ' L L JL -I Jt "I lkjMtla.S-UZ.i-UI : v mr. Motorist Our rates' have not changed. Therefore you owe it to yourself more than ever to see us before you renew your present policy. rhon J-SM1 Bill Osko 14(3 M. Capital St, Between Bee4 at Shipping Sta. Off Street Parking KILL OSKO Disti Agent ,