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Worth Koreans I Urge
S-Power Peace Pact
NORTH Korean Communists are reported launching another peace
offensive The drive is for signatures of all Koreans on petitions
urging a five-power peace conference. The five countries would be
Britain, Communist China, France, Russia and the United States.
The new peace offensive followed within a week the dismissal
by President Truman of Gen. MacArthur as Pacific commander of
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American and United Nations forces.
Familiar Pattern .
The peace formula proposed by the
Korean Red government to the U.N.
is identical to recommendations of the
Red-dominated eWorld Peace Council
which met" in the Soviet zone of Ber
lin last November.
The peace offer by North Korean"
foreign minister Pak Hen En to the
UN. was - accompanied by another
cable demanding that all international
forces be withdrawn from Korea. It
also called on the U.N. to punish what
it called "monstrous American atroci
ties." It was the 18th such communica
tion from the Korean Red govern
ment since last June 28 three days
after the invasion occurred.
Quarantine Belt
Meanwhile an American Congress
man proposed dividing North and
South Korea by a belt of radioactive
poisons along the 38th Parallel as a
- way out of the military stalemate.
Neither side had been able to ac
complish its announced objectives.
The U.N. has been unable to drive the
invaders completely out of the penin
sula and bring about unification. The
Communists have been unable to
drive the U J. defenders into the tea.
The suggestion for a "dehumaniz
ing" - area across the peninsula was
made by Rep. Albert Gore (D-Tenn).
As a member of the House Appropria
tions subcommittee handling fdnds
for Jhe Atomic Energy Commission,
he is in a position to know about
atomic- developments.
Plea for Use
"We have it Please consider using
it," Gore said in a letter to the Presi
dent."" -
The AEC declined to comment on
Gore's; proposal. So did the White
House and the Pentagon.
Gore suggested that spreading ra
dioactive materials over a Korean
area and repeating the contamina
tion periodically would make it unfit
lor all life and a barrier to all mili
tary ground operations.
Scientists say such a feat is theo
retically possible but doubt it would
be effective militarily. Radioactive
sand, dust or liquid probably could
be sprayed from planes in a belt com
pletely across the peninsula
Lingering Effects
But, they point out, radioactive poi
sons do not immobilize victims im
mediately. Illness and death would
not be likely for several weeks after
exposure. Communist soldiers, with
out any protection, would be able to
advance effectively for hours at least,
and probably for days, through the
contaminated area.
Military strategists express the
view that perhaps the most important
use of such materials would be their
psychological effect as- a mystery
weapon. Initial use of poison gas and
of tanks had such an effect during
World War I.
Sidelights
Dresses' can be fabricated from
corn, according to the National Farm
Chemurgic Council.
O Embarrassed Ohio lawmakers
learned that a visiting "Maine state
senator" who addressed the Legisla
ture actually was an escaped patient
from a mental hospital.
A new; census shows that after 80
years Paraguay has balanced its sexes.
In the 1860's, so many Paraguayan
soldiers were killed in a war with
Uruguay, Argentina and Brazil that
women outnumbered men 7 to 1.
Suspicious accountants ot the Air
Force conducted an investigation into
why baby diapers were purchased for
B-47 Stratojet bombers.. They found
the soft, lint-free cloths were being
used to clean bombsjght lenses.
In Leven, Scotland, municipal au
thorities failed to rid the town-' of a
pigeon nuisance by feeding the birds
grain and bread crumbs soaked in
Scotch whisky. Said the borough su
pervisor: "The speed with which the
pigeons ate the doctored grain was
almost indecent. Either the whisky
was watered down or those birds are
Id drinking hands."
- v -...
t JETS OVER GERMANY Four U.S. Air Fore F-84E Thunderjats
fly in precision formation during maneuvers ever Bavaria.
Dates
Monday, April 23 i
. Annual Associated Press funch-f
eon in New York. J
Tuesday, April 24 J
f American Newspaper Publish
ers Association convenes iri New
York City. : - f
Anniversary (151st), Library of
Congress. t
Thursday, April 26 t
Confederate Memorial Day
(Ala, Fla., Ga. and Miss.).;
Saturday, April 28
; Australian parliamentary elec
tions. Sunday, April 29
i Daylight Saving Time starts In
many communities. J
: National Cotton Week starts.
National 4-H Club Sunday.
People
Otherf ive-Star Generals
Gen. Omar N. Bradley may be asked
to stay on for another two years as
chairman of the Joint Chiefs ;of Staff.
Bradley's term expires August 16
and the five-star general, 58, had
wanted to take off
his uniform after
35 years- service but
the President is said
to want him to re
main. As JCS chairman,
Bradley has had to
handle problems
equal to any he en
countered either as
Gen. Eisenhower's
ground deputy in
World War II or as
Army chief of staff.
These include the
GEN. BRADLEY
purely military problems arising from
the Korean war and the buildup of
American forces in western Europe.
In addition, there has been the cli
mactic political controversy topped off
by , the dismissal of Gen. Douglas
MacArthur. As . chief counselor on
military affairs to the President, Brad
ley, presumably sat in on the discus
sions as to whether MacArthur was
to be fired or reprimanded, f
Bradley, called the "GI General"
and the "schoolmaster tactician," is
the first man to hold the JCS chair
manship. Eisenhower served j for six
months as "coordinator for the Joint
Chiefs but this was only a temporary
arrangement carried out by Executive
order. -j
Under the customary military rota
tion system, the chairmanship is
scheduled to go next to the Navy, then
to the Air Force.
Word is recurrent about Washing
ton that another five-star general. De
fense Secretary George; C. Marshall, .
intends to step down later in the year.
On three occasions, Mr. Truman has
called on Marshall for special service:
first as a special emissary to China,
second as Secretary of State, and then
to take the Defense Department port
folio. Marshall underwent a serious
kidney operation a little over a year
ago.
Russia
Another Five-Year Plan
Soviet Russia announced it has
completed its fourth fiveyear plan by
exceeding targets in vitally important
iron and steel industries.
Moscow reported the plan had been
completed in four years and three
months rather than the scheduled five
years. ' f
While it did not claim success in
every field of production, the an
nouncement said total iron and steel
tonnage had gone up 45 per cent in
stead of the estimated : 35 per cent
over the 1946 rate.
Pig iron production was reported
up 29 per cent, smelting of steel 49
per cent and rolled metals up 59 per
cent.
S-21H)
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THE
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HISTORY reveals a striking jparallel in the
careers of General of the Army Douglas
MacArthur and his father, Gen. Arthur Mac
Arthur. Both were outstanding soldiers and both,
while stationed in the Far East, had bitter dis
putes with civilian authority.
In 1900 Douglas was a plebe at West Point when
Maj. Gen. Arthur MacArthur was made military gov
ernor of the Philippines, acquired two years earlier
in the war with Spain. There was trouble with Philip
' pine guerrillas opposed to American occupation.
President McKinley appointed William Howard Taft,
father of Ohio's present senator, to head a commission
charged with establishing a civilian government for
the islands.
Taft Was Rebuffed
When the commission arrived, Taft waited for Mac
Arthur to pay his respects but the general sent a
colonel instead. Finally Taft himself went to visit Mac
Arthur who gave him a cool welcome and assigned for
commission use only one small room in the governor's
palace.
In this antagonistic atmosphere, the two men and
their staffs worked a whole year.
On July 4, 1901, Taft became civilian governor of
the Philippines. Maj. Gen. MacArthur was relieved of
his command and returned to military duty in the
Cmited States.
Within the next five years, Arthur MacArthur held
a series of top Army assignments and reached his high
est rank, lieutenant general. In 1907, he finished a tour
of duty as commander of the Army's Division of the
Pacific, considered by many as a stepping stone to
Chief of Staff, the highest Army position.
MacArthur Was Not Selected
But the Secretary of War in 1907 was William How
ard Taft. Secretary of War Taft preferred Gen. J. F.
Bell and Lt. Gen. Arthur MacArthur remained in semi
retirement until his actual retirement at 64 in 1909.
That was the same year Taft became President.
Forty-two years later, Arthur MacArthur's son
winged home to one of the greatest welcomes ever
accorded any soldier. There were 17-gun salutes and
tumultuous ovations for him in Honolulu, San Fran
cisco, Washington and New York.
Like his father, Douglas MacArthur fairly bristles
with ability. These are some of the highlights of his
brilliant military record:
He was graduated from West Point with a four-year
scholastic average of 98.14, highest in history. He was
at 38, the youngest division commander in France in
WUOf '
UN.
TOO
In Short...
Lost: By the Swiss Communist
Workers Party, 10 of the 12 seats it
held in the 180-member Zurich Par
liament in last Sunday's elections.
Stolen: $350,000 in jewelry and furs
from the swank New York City home
of Hope Hampton Brulator, blonde
former film actress, h i
Reported: Mao Tze-tung, Commu
nist China's premier, ? convalescing
from serious illness; with the People's
. Government of .China being run by
Liu Shao-chi, a pro-Soviet extremist.
- Appealed: By the. U. S. Air Defense
. Command, for 400,000 volunteers as
civilian aircraft spotters along both
'coasts and the entire northern border."
Toad: By a Royal Commission, no
"evidence that gambling is a cause of
crime in Britain.
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153
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SURPRISE - General Eisenhower
reacted this way in Coblenz,
Germany, when told of MacAr
thur's ouster by the President.
,
MANY HATS
Quotes
Lady Astor, Virginia-born for-
, mer member of the British House
of Commons: "General Douglas
.MacArthur never should have
been put in Tokyo it made him
feel like -a god." - - ;
, ; President Truman: "It doesn't"
make any difference what hap--'
pens to me (politically) if we win
: the: peaceJ?!;. ''.;:-V:."3 r
James A. Farley, former Dem
ocratic national chairman; "It is
' too early to talk about candidates
yet but it appears to me that
some of these, days. Gen. Eisen
hower will have to indicate with
which party he is affiliated." -
(AO, Rights Reserved. AP NtwsMturcsi
ywogB' CC "'
I,.
,n-n
THE HEAT IS ON
PROBE: Interstate Crime
Report Being Readied
Senate crime investigators and a
.special commission of the American
Bar Association : are conferring, in
Washington on ; legislative . curbs ; for
interstate crimel ; j . i . , .
The committee, ; headed by , Sen.
Estes Kefauver (D-Tenn) is divided
over whether it should carry on. Its
two Republican i senators, Charles
W. Tobey of New Hampshire and
Alexander Wiley , of Wisconsin, want
it to continue until January 15.
Sen. Wiley has drafted a resolution
providing for such an extension. He
had hoped to 'get at least one of the
i Democrats on the committee to join
in its sponsorship.
; Sen. Kefauver favors a continuing
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fclslSSSSSSMaife.:'-tfwfeWiVi
World War I. He was Army chief of staff at 50, the
youngest in history.;
Many believe his crowning achievement was beating
Japan in what has been called the "forgotten half of
World War IL in which at first he worked with piti
; fully scant forces.
As Supreme Allied Commander, he administered
the occupation of Japan, refusing to jermit any four
power squabbling which has characterized the military
occupation of Germany. The Japanese, who first feared
him as a conqueror now revere him second only to the
Emperor. .
He was the first Supreme Commander of United Na
tions forces in Korea. He engineered a brilliant cam
paign which routed: the numerically superior North
Korean invaders; until intervention by Chinese Com
munist armies made it a whole new war.
Relieved of Command
A fortnight ago, Gen. MacArthur at 71 was at what
many considered the peak of his career. Now he is a
genera without a command. He was dismissed by
President Truman for insubordination.
The record leaves no doubt that the five star general
disputed publicly the Administration's. foreign policy.
The basic issue is whether in the global fight against
communism, the major effort shall be made in Europe
or Asia. Another is whether to fight a limited war in
Korea or risk all-out war by bombing Manchuria and
opening a second front in China with the Chinese Na
tionalists bottled up in Formosa.
On Thursday, Gen. MacArthur stood before a joint
session of Congressi There and in later committee
hearings he was scheduled to outline his conviction that
aggression must be j stopped in Asia, primary goal of
the Russians in theif drive for world domination.
Pro and Con
Even before MacArthur got to Washington, the Ad
ministration viewpoint was voiced by Gen. Omar N.
Bradley, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and
first of the five-star generals to oppose his views. Said
Gen. Bradley to a yeteran of Foreign Wars conven
tion in Chicago:
"The Korean war, under present conditions, may be
headed for a stalemate, but it can be brought to- ah
honorable conclusion.
"Any effort to settle the world crisis by an ultimatum
perhaps accompanied by a threat to bomb Russia
is militarily impracticable and might backlash.
"We are intent on preventing World War III. We
are not making moves, that might lead to enlargement
of the present conflict"
Kthu. Batolu Cwir f apraa
study by i an executive " commission,
possibly under supervision of a special
Senate-House committee. .. -i
Tobey and Wiley contend the probe
should be extended to other cities. Ke
fauver says the pattern of underworld
operations has been established and
the big job now is to frame laws curb
ing the power of bigtime gamblers.
11 Recommendations for new laws are
being drafted, by the committee in
consultation with a Bar commission:
headed by former Secretary of War
Robert P. Patterson. j
) iThe legislative measures must be
whipped into shape before the. com-!
mittee submits its report. The original
deadline for the report was March 31
but the Senate extended it an addi
tional month.
JUGOSLAVIA; has progressed
jL from the status of a rebellious
Red satellite state to a -western:
cohort- at least temporarily! I . !
Marshal Tito has been grantld
use of $29,000,000 in U. S. funds
to get vitally needed raw materials
for his armed forces.. ; I
. .The President notified Congress the
money will come by Executive Order
from the Mutual Defense Assistance
Act of 1949.; . . . "4
. . Veer to West - j j '
In recent months there has! been
an important policy change id Bel
grade. Parliament officially deHarid'
that in any general European war
Yugoslavia would participate on t6e
side of the west.: j
After his break with Moscow, Tito
tried at first to remain a neuti-al n
the growing global controversy be
tween east and west. He declared his
army would be used only f or ?a de
fense. of Yugoslav soil. .
But as the Cominform campaign pt
hate progressed, the marshal recog-.
nized that for him at least, there was
no neutrality? He was a marked mn
and Yugoslavia was a prime target
toward which all the satellite states
were being egged.- . . I I
! Feelers for Aid
Several months ago Tito Infor
mally asked the U.S., France an4 Brit
ain for modern military weapons:
chiefly tanks, planes and guns. Much
of the equipment of the Yugoslav
army had come from Czech, German
and Russian, munitions factories and :
these sources of supply were cut cf
from him . , ; j
Tito is more concerned with teach
ing a working agreement with the
western ' powers than - joining the
North Atlantic defensive' paet or
signing any formal treaties, j I
There Is recognition in Washington
that while Yugoslavia is still a Com
munist state it most certainly is not
a Soviet satellite. The. Americah po
sition is substantially this: by prop
ping up Tito it is increasing. thel odds
against any lightning Soviet $weep
over western turope.-
Draft
i.
College Deferments
College men, who score 70 or better
in aptitude tests or who are in the
upper ranks scholastically, may be de
ferred in order to resume their educa
tion in the fall. - j - i
Selective Service Director Lewis B.
Hershey says calling up college men
this spring will be delayed until after
their test scores and scholastic i aver
ages have been computed. . I'
Hershey also believes the great mass
of entering freshmen will attend col
lege classes next fall without inter
ference from the draft program.! f
Thousands of queries have ben re
ceived from students worried by the
fact that their school terms and their
statutory deferment would end be
fore they could take the aptitude test.
Many school terms end before the
test dates May 26, June 16 and June
30 and scholastic standings often are
not determined by faculties for weeks
after school is out. I
Hershey said the Kilday amendment
to the draft bill passed last week by
the House did not impair plans for
giving the tests or 'using the scores.
The amendment says, in effect,? draft
boards are not bound by the aptitude
tests in granting deferments, j f
The final draft law is before a con
ference committee of the House and
Senate. The Senate bill had no pro
vision similar to the amendment' of-,
fered by Rep. Paul J. Kilday (DTex).
Radio
Still Growing I 1
For all of television's spectacular
growth, radio has continued to expand
to the consternation of those who pre
dicted it would be killed by TV. r
Radio advertisers have pressed for
some time for a slash in radio rates,
particularly for the big budget eve
ning hours, on the grounds that TV
has cut sharply into radio listening!
Columbia Broadcasting System has
announced a rate slash for its radio
network shows beginning July 1. The
reduction ranged from 10 to IS per
cent. V . ';
e Some Rates Go Up f
A spot check among broadcasters
at the Chicago convention of the Na
tional Association of Radio and Tele
vision Broadcasters indicated that few
if any intend to follow the CBS lead.
A number reported recent radio rate
increases. , '. j
Radio men point out that during
1950, TVs biggest year to date, the
public bought 14,000,000 radio sets
nearly twice as many as TV. I
Ninety-five per cent of American
homes have radios and there are about
100 million sets in use, including 18
million in automobiles.
Radio station WLEC at Sandusky,
Ohio; in range of Cleveland and To
ledo TV -transmitters, reported more
business than ever before. Last Oc
tober this station increased its adver
tising rates 25 per cent. j i;
, One survey shows that 67 per cent
of families with TV still listen to ra
dio for an average of two hours and
10 minutes a day compared with 87
per cent for the non-TV home. . ;
Some advertising agency executives
predict privately, however, that some
adjustment 'in night radio rates is
inevitable. .-
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