n r ' n
, i .. . is ,- ,
"WASHINGTON, March 9 -Wh
The senate by a smashing 79 to 5
vote today passed a bill providing
for draft of 18-year-olds now and
universal military training later.
It goes to the house for action.
The overwhelming size of the
vote for these bitterly debated de
fense proposals took even support
ersby surprise. v
On final passage only five Re
publican senators voted no Dirk
sen (I1L), Jenner (Ind.), Langer
(N.D.), Schoeppel (Kan.) and
Welker (Idaho).
The day's bH battle centered on
universal training, which would
take hold after the present emer
gency and affect all boys as they
reach 18,, Opponents declared it
would head tie nation toward mili
tarism. Supporters pictured it as a
necessary - method of building up
and maintaining a trained defense
reserve.-;
Sen. Lyndon Johnson (D-Tex.),
the bill's floor manager, declared
as .he appealed for passage that
approval would show "a strong and
ready America will rise up as a
symbol of peace and justice in this
world.
The 18-year-old draft issue had
been settled in an earlier heated
debate. The bill lowers the present
minimum of 19 years by a whole
Lf
0330000
. Some days ago I quoted from
Rostovtzeffs 'Social and Economic
Histnrv of the Roman Empire the
startling parallel with modernity
f renditions in the Hellenistic
world which led to the decay of
that civilization: the succession oi
wars, class-warfare within the
city-states, . revolutions for redis
tribution of wealth, nationaliza-
attended by dishonesty oi oincnus,
more and' heavier taxes.
But what about the Roman em
pire whose decline and fall have
hn the subiects of study of his
torians and the wonder of states
men for nearly 15 centuries. Vari
ous theories have been advanced.
They are reviewed by this author,
but he finds them at best partial
Rome's collapse to the undermin
ing of the authority of the senate
-which deprived the imperial power
of its legitimacy in the eyes of the
population. Race suicide among
the upper classes is sometimes
given as the cause for the decay of
imperial Rome, and some histo
rians put the blame on Christian
ity which weakened the poiticc
rnilitary authority.
' In the opinion of Rostovtzeff
"the main phenomenon which un
derlies the process of decline is the
gradual absorption of the educated
classes by the masses and the sub
sequent simplification of all the
functions of political, social, eco
nomic and intellectual life, which
we call the barbarization of the an
cient world.
The historian Toynbee breaks
history into great epochs and re
lates them to great religious move
ments, and hopes through a re
juvenation of
(Continued on editorial page, 4)
Henri Queuille
Forms Cabinet
-PARIS, March 9 -VP- Parlia
ment ended France's nine-day
cabinet crisis tonight by confirm
ing Henri Queuille, a 66-year-old
retired country doctor, as premier.
The vote was 359 to 250. Queuille
needed at least 311 to win.
Before the ballot was taken,
Queuille ; told the assembly , he
would form a middle-of-the-road
coalition cabinet. He charted a
brief four-point program for his
prospective government:
1. Revision of the national elec
tion law, the very point on which
outgoing Premier Rene Plevin
oame a cropper February 28 and
was forced to resign. -
2 Passage of the 1951 budget, en
a balanced basis.
3. Revision of the constitution to
give the council of the republic, the
tipper house of parliament, addi
tional powers.
- 4. National elections In the near
future, possibly. in June.
Animal Crackers
gy WARREN COOP RICH
"It's good th baby is boy or thil
j might o,,f erf of Hand.
. 6 W HAVCtN.rtNWpv Wait, tie
toy SoairpirDse
year. Efforts failed to have the bill
stop at 18 4. ; I
The senate bill, howeverj; speci
fies that the draft of 18-yeir-olds
cannot start until the draft boards
have gone completely through the
Where Do We
.xxw..- ' r-.?,r..r". . .
?V (;
I J'-V i - ? I - ; y,V K
Seeking advice en educational and possible military doty : after high
school graduation are Bill Province, center, 397 Try on ave and
Leon DuBois, 340 S. 14th st. Both are 17. Trying- to unravel the
pair's problems Is Gnrnee A. Flesher, Salem high school dean of
boys. t
i?" -
Should they enlist or wait for the draft call? This program faees all
18-year-olds as they graduate from high school. Looking over the
situation are, Tom Blair J left, 1225 N. 18th st., and Roy Kennedy,
Salem route 6. Both are seniors at Salem high school and are 18
years old. (Statesman photos.)
Many Salem; Boys Favor UMT,
End to Service Uncertainty j
si: j j.;
By Gilbert Bateson j
Statesman School Correspondent j ; ,
Many senior boys at Salem high school enthusiastically endorse
universal military service when they
them on graduation.
The general feeling among the
would like to serve their time in the
start out in life .without tne threat
heads. i
As the U. S. senate passed an
legislative and public controversy continue over the draft! and; UMT,
what are the thoughts of some of the boys who would be directly
affected? j -If-:
Most of the boys who had planned on going on to college are
trying to get in a, year before Uncle
Gurnee Flesher.:!
Many, like senior Marlon Putman. would wait until 'after their
service for four years of uninterrupted college if they knew that
everyone else had to go into uniform. He, like dozens of others, doesn't
want to join and have some boys
start on him. .-.;(. ' -1
Senior clash President Uim Kleen thinks that young men! would
welcome a universal aran ci is-year-oias.
Indicate Distaste foe Army
The students show a aeneral
John Wenger, 17, don't care for the idea of long marches and sleeping
in wet fox-holes, and would join the navy. Nineteen-year-old ; Merle
Powers, who just got his "greetings" Tuesday, will loin the navy if
he can. He says he is "pretty sure" of deferment until he graduates in
June. . ? . ;!.:. jf? .':' r-.-.: . " ' . . I - il-
Don Case, 17. like many others,
ment, although he doesnt exactly
the navy when threatened by the
UMT for 18-year-olds,
Bob KiekeL also 17. is tilanning
college before he is called. Kiekel believes that with year of college
behind him he will have a better chance to get into an officer candi
dates' SCbOOL . ..." . . V j . . r -1 t j , j'J v;--.--?
-Douglas Bacbellor, just turned 18, believes that the new draft law
will have college deferments.-:j ' --:-: .r-;--L;.- ::-;"
Bob Strayer 17, would; wait until he is drafted. Strayer, who also
favors UMT, has a good job and is in no hurry to go into service if
everyone else doesn't have to go. -ti i; 5
The air force is the goal of 17-year-old Dennis Hancock who will
work in the cannery this summer and enlist next fall., Don Herring
already 19 is in the navy reserve, and therefore draft-exempti,
Although most seniors fare 17 or 18, Marion Putznan is only 18
and relatively free from the draft jitters. Putman hoDes to get In two
years at Willamette university before; he is drafted. Charles Maclean,
also 18, is not yet certain of what he will do, but would like to join
the air force next fall.- i ' . M i:
Rfflairgoiro
ranks of those eligible among the
19-through-25 year olds. And in
drafting boys of 18 they must start
with the ones nearest 19. f !
Universal training was retained
in the bill by a 68 to 20 Vote.! i
Go From Here?
r- r
9
consider the uncertainty j facing
I li
teen-agers seems to be that they
armed forces and then be free to
of the draft hanging I over their
, I is
18-year-old draft bill Friday, and
Sam gets them, says Dean of Boys
i j i;
remain in college and get a head
j j i it .
Service
distaste for the armv. ; ManV. like
is counting on a colleee defer
approve of them, and would join
draft. Case would like a plan of
s ; !
on eettina- in at least one war of
I , x
100th YEAB
10 PAGES
Allied.
ilAcCtav OrdeE's IPirobe ',
Of lipoi Commission
Gov. Douglas McKay Friday ordered ' the Multnomah county
grand jury to conduct an investigation of the Oregon state liquor
control commission. ' 1 ' !
McKay's order reversed an action earlier this week in which
the governor said a grand jury
didn't have authority to investi
gate administrative departments,
The investigation was ordered
in a letter to Multnomah County
District Attorney John B. Mc-
Court. McKay said Attorney Gen
eral George Neuner had advised
him that he has the power to or
der McCourt to conduct an investi
gation and then have a grand jury
look into the matter.
Inquiry Starts Monday
XIn Portland, McCourt said
would order the investigation
Monday, and began preparing sub
poenas for 'witnesses.)
"I realize that there may be
some limitation as to the duty of
a grand Jury in an investigation of
this nature,". McKay wrote to Mc
Court. "But it is my desire that
this investigation be as complete
and as extensive as your author
ity covers."
"If the law has been violated,"
the governor continued, "then the
guilty should be punished. But it
is equally important that the many
honest and conscientious employes
of the liquor commission be clear
ed of all suspicion."
Approved by Commission
McKay told McCourt that the
liquor commission has approved
the investigation and has promis
ed to cooperate. The governor said
the probe should be complete
while the legislature is still in
session.
Portland City Commissioner J.
E. Bennett asked for an investiga
tion first, charging the liquor com
mission with being in partnership
with tavern owners, a charge he
hasn't yet proved.
(When informed of the gover
nor's action, Bennett said: "Good,
good, good." Other city commis
sioners endorsed the investiga
tion.) Test of Gvil
Defense Plans
Set April 13
A "dry run" on Marion county's
civilian defense readiness is slat
ed for Friday, April 13, author
ities announced Friday as the
county director of the program an
nounced his resignation, effective
June 1.
The simulated problem Is being
planned by the armed forces, with
local authorities to know no de
tails until the time of execution.
Lt. Col. Mark Hillary, county di
rector, said it would be limited to
all or part of Marion county, which
is being used because its defense
program was the farthest advanced
in the state.
It was not expected that the gen
eral population would be disturbed
by the test, nor all members of the
defense organizations. It probably
will test the speed with which ele
ments of personnel can be mobil
ized for emergency duty. Observ
ers from the armed forces and
nearby states are probable.
Hillary said the organization Is
ready for such a test, to determine
weak points and to give added ex
perience to personnel.
Health Forces
Hillary to Quit
Defense Post
Resignation of Lt Col. Mark
Hillary as director of the Marion
county and Salem civilian defense
program, effective June 1, was pre
sented Friday to the county coor
dinating council.
i Hillary, a retired army officer,
said his health would not permit
him to continue in the task, which
he has supervised since October,
shortly after inception of the pro
gram. He has led the planning
and organization of the entire
setup. -i v.-."
r He asked that a successor be
named by mid-April so that activi
ties can be coordinated . with the
new man. The council set its next
meeting for Friday, April 6, with
the probability of making a selec
tion then. . J - -
! The new director wDl be on a
full-time basis. Hillary has-been
employed only part-time, though
council members recognize that he
has given full-time service. ;
BRIDGES SUIT DISMISSED
i SAN FRANCISCO, March 9-P)
The $24)0,000 slander suit brought
by Harry Bridges, longshore union
president, against F. Joseph Dono
hue, special assistant UJS. attor
ney general, was dismissed today.
WALLY LEAVES HOSPITAL
NEW YORK, March MS")-The
Duchess of Windsor ' ended a 15
day stay at a hospital today and
said she was "feeling fine.
Th Oregon Stcrtesxncm, Salem, Oregon. Saturday,
Troops
Proposed Tax
Program Lost ,
In Legal Rule
By Lester F. Conr
Staff Writer, The Statesman
The attorney! general knocked
the .1951 legislature's tax program
for a loop Friday, ruling that re
peal of the state property tax law
would cancel the basic school fund
act. I .
Repeal of the state property tax
introduced this, session by Rep.
Giles French, Moro. The voters
would decide the issue in 1952.
Requested by Walker
The opinion was requested by
Sen. Dean Walker, Independence,
chairman of the senate tax . com
mittee. "If the voters; approved removal
of the state property tax, there
would be no moral or legal obliga
tion on the part of the legislature
to re-enact the basic school law
or to provide taxes or other funds
for this purpose, Neuner ruled.
Neuner also ruled that doing
away with the property tax would
also cancel the 2.04 mill levy, for
higher education and the veterans'
educational aid levy.
Already Passed House
He explained, however, that
since these levies were authorized
by the legislature, the legislature
could re-enact them and provide
appropriations ;to reinstate the
funds. . i
The property jtax resolution has
already passed the house, and is
now in the senate taxation commit
tee, t, j
, Oregon hasn't levied . a state
property tax since 1940 because in
come and corporation excise tax
funds have beert sufficient to offset
any property levy.
(Additional legislative news oh
page 4.) I
Two Certified
Winnei
ts in
Spelling Test
Keizer The Keizer school,
which will be ? host to a semi
finals- of The ! Statesman-KST.M
Spelling contest
on March 16,
will be represen
ted in spelling
rwmnAli II am
flnice Goldsbr.
13, daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. An
drew Gold sby,
2215 Chemawa
road, Salem.
Inice, in the
8th grade, was
certified as spell
ing champion of
Keizer school hv
Inlc Goldstar
Principal Ralph A. Nelson. Her
teacher is Ira Goddard.
Winning second and third mace.
respectively, were two other 8th
graders Lorraine Owen, daugh
ter oi air. ana Mrs. .coward Owen,
790 Evans aven and Delight Nagel,
daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Floyd
Nagel, 875 Churchdale ave. -
i
Detroit The weather willing,
the Detroit Elementary school will
be represented in the semi-finals
speuing contest
at Stayton on
April 4 by Eva
Lou New, 8th
grade student of
Mildred H. Ray.
Snow or no
snow, the Detroit
winners were
certified this
week by Princi
pal John D. Can
non, i
Eva Lou is the
daughter of Mr.
and Mrs. Frank
Eva Laa New
New of Idanha
Second-place winner at Detroit
was Fred Davis, and taking third
place . was Edgar Manasco. Both
are in the 8th grade.
; ; (More spelling news, page 5.) ;, .
Max.
4
T3
Mia.' Preeiyw
2S .SS
3 ' '! ; .04 '
4T - JM
14 . M
3S trace
Salem
Portland .
Sait Francisco .
Chicago ' i
New York
41
H It 4
V-"-::': jT '
WiUamett River SJ feet
IX) RECAST (from U. S. weaUMr bu
reau. McNary field. Saletn: Partly
cloudy with scattered showers this
morning. Inereasuic cloudiness with
continuous snow tonight. High today
near 3S and low tonirht near 30. : .
SALEM PRECIPITATION '
Siae Start ac Weatlter Tear leyt. 1
Thia Year Last Year .Normal
4.se MJi - . aaj
POUNDBD I65
Gain out; 3:7-Mile Froinii:
Weather Hits Eddy Ball Drills
; ! - - ; f - - .
The calendar says baseball training time has arrived bat. King Winter
has given diamond plans a setback with his unusually late connip
tions. John Lewis, Willamette university baseball mentor. Is pictur
ed above with ball and bat In hand, staring- forlornly at the snow
blanket which stymied the Bearcats' opening drills this week. (Me
Ewan-Statesman photos.) -.. i .
IVlore Show Forecast 1
For Mid-Valley Areas
Storm signals for a snowy week end in Salem and the mid-valley
went up early this morning. i . ' .
As more flakes swirled down on the area, the Salem weather
bureau forecast that snow flurries would continue throughout the day.
at night that might pile up another
three inches of snow.
Friday was one of the snappiest
days of the week here. The mer
cury climbed only; to 38. And an-1
oiner men oi snow leu to pusn me
week's total to 10.7 inches.
A five-day weather bureau fore
cast, issued Friday, calls for tem
peratures to zoom back to normal
Monday or Tuesday.
Highways and streets are ex
pected to be treacherous again
this morning. State police reported
road conditions "fairly good" at
midnight . But tumbling snow-
flakes were hindering visibility.
Cars parked in the downtown area
were a new mantle of white.
From the Silverton area came
reports of deep snow. Alvin Hart
ley, who farms seven miles south
east of Silverton, ! said snow was
two feet at his place. Vera Scott
reported 14 inches; of snow on his
property at Victor) Point.
Highway conditions brought can
cellation of Salem; schools' sched
uled participation I in the district
music tournament! at Eugene to
day. Both junior and senior high
students had planned to attend.
(NW weather news on page 2.)
Two Mediators to Seek
Wage Dispute Solution
PORTLAND, March M)--Two
federal mediators will seek a so
lution next week to the stalled
negotiations of the CIO Interna
tional Woodworkers rand the
Lumbermen's industrial relations
committee. - .
George Walker of the Portland
office will be joined by Arthur
Viat, San Francisco, when talks
open here Wednesdays
Lobbyist Admits Bribe
Attempt in Washington
OLYMPIA; March 58-year-old
lobbyist I pleaded guilty
today to charges of offering bribes
of $25 each to two members of the
state house of representatives. -
John J. Uleman of Fife (Pierce
county) entered his pleas before
Thurston county .Superior Judge
Charles T. Wright -who put over
sentencing of the " ruddy-faced
man until April 6; s. - v
' These-words will flgve In The
Statesman - KSLM Spelling Con
test for prises, bow underway
for 7th and 8th grade pupils of
llarkm and Polk eoanUes: t
commerce
democrat
obedient
decrease
typewriter
poison
democracy
hopping ' ;
automatic
bachelor
ascertain A
faucet I
ridiculous
recipe '
cistern
affidavit .
librarian
controrerxy
sword '
stadium'
Learn to Spell!
March 10. 1951
PRICE 5c
z j; , - - " i
t I' ' - 4 ; 'iy l
I I- Us - i
I; ZZ. Z- ZZ 1
f '' it - J I
Santiam Flax
Plant Sold to
Calif ornians
jj
Sale of the Santiam Flax Grow
ers cooperative plant near Jeffer
son to a private corporation was
disclosed Friday by State Budget
Director Harry Dorman.
New owners of the plant are Dr.
and Mrs. Charles von Walden, re
tired Los Angeles chiropractors
and former operators of a chiro
practors college in that city.
The announcement was made
through thel budget department
which is interested in the opera
tion of the prison flax processing
plant that will buy flax fiber from
the Jefferson plant.
Built By Government
; The plant was built by the fed
eral government in 1941, and was
turned over to the cooperative in
1945. The initial cost was about
$200,000, and the cooperative spent
about $60,000 to rebuild a part of
the plant destroyed by fire during
til IrVflr.'
Von Walden did not disclose the
purchase price. The deal was com
pleted Friday; .1 .
Predicts Industry Boom
Von Walden said he expects the
flax plant to operate more effic
iently and profitably under pri
vate ownership, j -i
i The doctor predicted a boom in
the flax business because of the
International situation. There is
already a definite shortage of flax
for making linen, von Walden
said. "I anticipate a strong demand
for flax for many years to come.
ANSWER "VACATION CRITICS
" KEY WEST, Fla., March 9-(JP)-Tbe
White house gave this answer
today to republican criticism of
President Truman's absence from
Washington: "Wherever the : pres
ident goes, the president works. r
Wedemeyer Tells Legislators
Oregon Vulnerable to Attapk j
l By John IL'Whlte
I Staff Writer, Tha SUtesman
tLt. Gen. Albert C. Wedemeyer,
Sixth army commanding general,
Friday told the state legislature
Oregon is definitely vulnerable to
enemy attack but warned against
undue hysteria.
, , Addressing a joint senate-house
session, Wedemeyer - said Oregon
should prepare to deal with full
scale sabotage In event of war. He
singled out Portland as the critical
area in the state. -
At a press conference prior to
the legislative address, Wedemey
er told reporters:
. "Oregon is within the radius of
operation ? of i a potential enemy.
We must base our civil defense on
an enemy's capabilities, not on his
Intentions. .
IIo. 13
Chinese Reds
111
Slow Retreat I
' ' ";: ? '. ' ; ' : j - "
! TOKYO,' Saturday, March !&.
(AVAllied troops today drove OJ
nese reds into slow retreat along
a 37-mile front in west-centiaXa
Korea. Enemy losses, exceeding
24,000 in three days, were mount
ing. : .... - j: .
A field dispatch - from U. 8.
eighth army headquarters said the
communists were ) . withdrawing
from I the mountainous center d
Korea north of allied-held Hoeng- -song
westward for 37 miles. s
East of Hoengsong, allied troops
swung back to the attack against
fiercely resisting North f Koreans
after suffering two setbacks. Last
night the reds drove U. S. seventh
division' troops off '. a 3.000 foot
peak. A two-hour enemy attack
before dawn today deepened? a
dent in the South Korean lines
Inflict Heavy Casualties ;
. The allies inflicted 6.849 enemy '
casualties Friday in furious fight
ing wmcn gamed up to four mike.
The eighth army announced the
new casualty figures. i
General MacArthur said th
hard-pressed foe also was being
plagued by disrupted supply lines
as increasingly active guerrillas
friendly to the allies struck be
hind enemy lines. f: c
In the west, the U. S. 25th di
vision strengthened ; a bridgehead
north of the Han river eight miles
long and five miles deep after
linking it up firmly with the maiif
allied line to. the east, h 1 "
Chinese reds facing this allied
threat to Seoul 12 miles to th .
west were unable even to muster
a single counterattack last nighjL
Resistance Stiff i ! I
Allied officers reported signs "of
a general red withdrawal in wttt
and. central Korea so fast fin
spots that small arms and even
cooking equipment were abandon
ed. I i
A field dispatch said however.
that allied troops bumped iitto
hard-fighting reds when the eaet-
central drive was resumed this
morning. In that sector, a ltth
corps spokesman, told AP Corre
spondent Nate Polowetzky: - s .
"Beginning yesterday,) the en
emy showed no disposition to pull
out under heavy attack. Resistance
was heavy throughout the zon
from a well disposed enemy f la
aug-in, preparea positions.
British Foreign
LONDON, March 9--Ailing
Ernest Bevin resigned as Britain'i
foreign secretary tonight ind turn
ed over the job to his oldtime rival
in the labor party, Herbert Morri
son, r ... j: i -
The switch was the most Im
portant in the British cabinet sine
the labor government took office
in 1945.; !, I
The announcement from Prime
Minister Attlee's office said Bevin
will remain a senior member ; of
the cabinet' with "specific duties
that are now being arranged." ills
title will be lord privy seal. I:
Bevin gave up the Job he loved
on his 70th birthday because of
illness piles, heart disease, asth
ma and a recent bout with pneu
monia. " ! h i
Morrison, 63, will combine his
new job with that of deputy prime
minister, a position he has held
since 1945. )! I - ,
t Morrison gives up the leader
ship of the house of commons' to
Home Secretary James Chuter
Ede, 68, who has been deputy
leader. (Photos on page 2). ; .
1
MOVIE ACTOR INJURED
SAN FRANCISCO, March 9)
-Movie Actor Richard Conte wss
flown to Hollywood today Set
treatment of minor injuries ruf
fered during filming of a streel
scene here last night. f :
He predicted that, in a war.
"Sabotage would occur on a sea 14
never - before visualized. Tha mn
emy would strike in this manna
against utilities and communica
tions." : .:. ' . , I
The general said Oregon's hfrh
ways were adequate to move mili
tary convoys.- v !
He called for a strong civilian
defense effort to care for killta
and wounded and to control flr i
and emphasized the important xcl j
of women In this effort, pointing
out the part women played in de
fense of England. ',
Wedemeyer. in discussing Ufc-J
role of civilians, warned, "The
duty of the military to the will ci
the people Is a heritags.we xsu3
Reported
Bevin Kesigns
Secretaryship!
(AddlUonal dstsils, psrt 4 )