A Th rteman. galeny Oregon, fridar. XobrnarT 2f i t F1RELESS COQKB?') Material shortages, aliioiits Add to Discomforts of 7eatlier 1 I ll No Favor Sway Us, No Pear Shall Awe" From first Statesman. Hare im THE STATES3IAN PUBLISHING COMPANY CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher FmbUalMd everj attends. Cashless efflee 115 8. CemmereiaL Salem Oregea. Telepbeae Z-244L Eatere at the gtostotflee. at Sales, Oret en, as secead class matter aader act mt centres March S, 117 Oregon's Debt, Present And Prospective A proposal is before the legislature to renew authority to the highway commission to issue bonds to advance highway construction. The Statesman has been disposed to favor it because of' the pressure of need for highway moderni sation. At the same time it is in order to see what our debt status is and how it may be af fected by this and other proposed issues. The gross bonded debt of the state on January 1, 1951 was $32,488,350, divided as follows: Oregon District interest bonds $ 313,350 State highway bonds 1 2,100,000 ' Veterans State Aid bonds, (World War I) - 4,375,000 Veterans' Welfare bonds - (World War II) 25,000,000 Reforestation bonds ; : 700,000 J Total $32,488,350 This is not as bad as it looks, for the net debt niter deducting sinking funds and other assets Applying against the indebtedness was $2,502, 19. v However there is leeway under the constitu tion for issuing bonds to limits as follows: Tor highways 1 $64,000,000 For veterans' bonus For veterans' loans For reforestation For underwriting higher educa tion building bonds 12,000,000 For state power 96,000,000 The last item has been dormant for many years, and it is not probable the state will vent ure i into the power business anytime soon. Bonds for the veterans bonus probably will not exceed $52,000,000. The sale of reforestation bonds after allowing for bond redemptions and the total is issued the operations may be self liquidating. But if bonus bonds in the amount of $32,000, 000 are issued, and highway bonds of $60,000, 600 and veterans welfare loan bonds to the mount of $25,000,000 additional the gross debt el the state plus $7,000,000 in higher education bonds after allowing for bond redemptions and retirements would be approximately $177,000, 000. This would make the per capita gross debt $117, second only to Delaware whose 1950 per capita debt was $241.29. Other states in the high brackets are , Louisiana at $84.46, Connecticut, $79.23, Pennsylvania $76.65, Washington $40.56 and California $24.88. Oregon's per capita gross debt in 1950 was $24.57, and the national aver age $35. This is one factor used in determining bids on bonds. The per capita net debt of course is smaller, about $97. And one saving grace as far as the general taxpayer is concerned is that several of the issues are serviced by special funds: high way bonds from gas tax and motor vehicle re venues; veterans' loans from repayments of principal and interest on loans; reforestation from sales of timber products; higher education building bonds from collections on the several campuses. What will fall on the general fund of the state unless a special tax is levied is the debt service on the bonus bonds. All of this is presented by way of information, so when bond issues are considered we know lust how deep the state is getting in and how the bonds will be paid off. We do not want ever to 'get in the tight squeeze the state was in in Eisenhower Throws Weight Behi Defense Policy for Europe, By J. M. Roberts. Jr. AP Foreign Affairs Analyst . General Eisenhower has thrown his weight behind the Truman tor Europe in general, but is .not specific bout the much debated matter of sending more troops now. Europe has both the will - and the ability to meet the UJS. estimates of de- fenie needs, p r o v ided she receives proper help, the general reported. There was some dissatisfac tion expressed by congressmen because be did not go into mora detail about the military. -pri gram. He said, American troops must be sent to Europe "m ratio' with what the Europeans do, but se aian i say what ratio. But he was expected to give more direct advice to congres sional con.mittees as the program develops, and. in the first hours general situation seemed to have nOTl wall HriVt0fl Ustnatnr- Wherry, republican floor leader end opponent of an American rmy in Europe. Wherry said the speech indicated "that plans have already gone ahead and there is little for us to do except carry eut the appropriations." Senator Taft, chief administra tion critic, was silent for the time-being. - The general seemed to discount the fears, widespread in Europe, that what he termed a' program designed only to maintain peace aid strength must be establish- Stff under a siitan wMrh vnnU permit us to maintain it for 20 or 0 years, or until Russia gives tip her aggressive policy. But it must be done ouickhr too today. On the other matter of troops, the general seemed to be avoid-liai-Ji head-on collision with ex tremists on either side - of the ssaaaase lees 1 1 Northwest Imports Power Those ; suspicious of any power tie - in with California shouldn't have much to say after news on Monday that the northwest power pool had to draw power fpem Montana and British Columbia to carry the load in Washington, Ore gon and Idaho. What if that state and province had said, "no export"? In the case of California our export should be only a surplus power. It might work this way: a the Columbia has quite an even flow, but de mand for energy falls off at night. Then the ex tra production of Bonneville could be used in California and power plants at some of its hydro plants shut down to increase storage in reser voirs. Under proper regulation this interchange could be mutually beneficial. As it has been the northwest has been the major power-short area for some years California suffering only one season when drouth was prolonged. 80,000,000 64,000,000 12,000,000 off Alaska. question in this country, preferr- ing to establish a broad picture of necessity and assuming that individual factors of implemen tation will then fall into! their proper places. Anyway, he said, equipment is Europe's first big need, to prop up a new rejuvena tion of morale. j "What we are trying to do is to start a sort of reciprocal action across the Atlantic We j do one thing which inspires ourl friends to do something and that f gives us greater, confidence in f their thoroughness, their readiness to sacrifice; we do something more and we establish an upward go ing spiral." . j. ( ' ; The first question raised by the general's report to congress THE EYES Or REASON, by Ste fan Heym (Little, Brown; . ' $3.75) j ' The Benda brothers try In this new novel to get back into the life of their war torn Czechoslo vakia, and thus remind us force fully of the plight of many peo ple in Europe where families are divided Just like the continent, . and where men have been stran v ded willy-nilly between radical ' and reactionary in a middle ground that has vanished ; right out from under them. j Joseph, who runs the glass works inherited from their fath er, has spent the war years In un iform in England, while his wife Lida styed home to manage the business and care for their dau ghter Petra. Thomas the; writer, with wife Kitty, fled to the U. S. where, under the tutelage j of a newTWoman. Elinor Slmpsoin, he : became Mspokesmanw for his suf feeing land. KareL a doctor and bachelor, stuck bravely with his patients, and for his pains, , or ' theirs, was caught by the Nazis and sent to Buchenwald. H i They have always lived some what at cross-purposes, end they i i I I I CT I 11 Vi V J I 1 I i the early 1930s or that other taxing units were in at the same time. If the current budget for the next biennium is not balanced then the de ficit would increase the state's indebtness. Two-Front Fishing War The fishing interests at Astoria appear to be facing both ways. They have urged .that in the proposed treaty with Japan protection be given to American fishing interests against enroach ment from ; the tJapanese who before the war were invading waters formerly fished by Amer icans, both in the eastern Pacific and in waters t Now Gordon Sloan, Astoria attorneyhas gone as a US representative to attend a meeting in Costa Rica of a new international commission which will try to work out an agreement on tuna fishing. Astoria canners now, according to the Astorian-Budget, are processing tuna caught in Japanese and Central American waters. As the A-B' says: ;"Naturally a fishery resource that provides steady, year-round cannery em ployment is of vital importance." : The inlander finds it difficult to reconcile the two points of view. If foreign fishermen are to be kept out of American fishing grounds can we claim the privilege of fishing in the waters oth er nations claim; as their own. The ocean of course is public domain and whalers of all nations ranged the oceans for their catch. But; certain portions are restricted to nationals. Witness the long fight John and John Quincy Adams waged to retain for New England fishermen the right of fishing off New foundland. Maybe the Astorian-Budget can show there is no inconsistency in waging war on two fronts. lit can, it should. Over at Monmouth the registrar of the college reports an increase of 10 per cent in the num ber of students taking teacher training. Of 548 enrolled 504 are preparing to teach. This is a very practical response to opportunity. The best prospect for teaching jobs now is in elementary schools, especially in primary grades. With the certain increase in school enrollment due to the higher birth rate, those teaching jobs will not fade as time goes on. The law of supply and demand operates in vocations as well as in' markets. nd Truman Ducks Specifics was whether his vagueness on itha troop matter might be seized by administration opponents as - an argument that dispatch of re inforcements was not urgent The fgeneral's stress on priority for j equipment certainly opened that door. f He said, in effect, that troop j reinforcement in any one place jin the world was not so import ; ant as the existence of American strength, both in troops and war ! production, and the knowledge i abroad that it would be thrown In as needed. i This is 'not going to satisfy Europe unless it is amplified to 'provide for at least a minimum American defense force behind i which rearmament can take its first faltering steps. idepost are now even crosser. Thomas, a medium fair-minded employer, works through Minister Dolezhal to prevent the nationalization of Industry, but Councilor Novak outfoxes him. Karel, acquainted with the lower classes, sides with them increasingly In the nation al struggle between the old or der and the new one. Thomas just can't get going on his new book, "Essay on Freedom, for his Ideas clash with those of Eli nor, whose tutelage amounts practically to apron strings. The ; whole thing Is complicated by JCarel's illicit affection for Kit ty, and by Petra's for Karel. J I was one of the great admir ers of Heym's last novel. The Crusaders,- but I feel obliged to , leave this one for other readers to admire. The plot moves along, when the glass works dont get in the way. The clashing ideol ogies can't be challenged, " of course, since for five years it has been constantly Crech and counter-Czech. Karel Is understand ably, and acceptably, radial. But the people are puppets; , that's what they are said to be under rommiinism. but they should ' come alive in a book. - c . - - ( it-- HOT- Bssagssssimgfijggas Safety Valve Quotes Wendell Phillips On Free Government To the Editor: In reading "Critics and Cru saders" I am struck with some of the sayings of great men, and how the words uttered in the today. Showing his f ove for and 1850's and 60's seem to fit in pride In our country, Wendell Phillips said "We have done what no race, no nation, no age, had before even dared to try. We have founded a republic on the unlimited suffrage of the mil lions. We have actually worked out the problem that man, as God created him may be trusted with self-government, But he also sees it isn't a per fect state, there are conditions that make life intolerable for some even in a democracy. Quot ing again: "When a nation sets itself to do evil, and all its lead ing forces, wealth, party and piety, join in the career, it is im possible but that those who offer a constant opposition should be hated and maligned, no matter how wise, cautious and well planned their course may be. He fervently acclaimed the rights of the dissenter and the insur gent, maintining that not to give free scope to an opponent was evidence of a lack of faith In one's own opinions. To act other wise was to nullify the creed upon which our nation was founded! "Men are educated and the state uplifted by allowing all everyone to broach their mistakes and advocate all their errors. The nation which dares not protect its humblest and most hated member in the free utter ance of his opinions, no matter how false or how hateful, is only a gang of slaves." Again I con fess that the only fear I have in regard to republican institutions is whether in our day, any ade quate remedy will be found for the incoming flood of the power of incorporated wealth.' Shall we today be less awake to the dangers from that power? God keep us alert to such danger! Maude S. Davis 1535 Trade st. GRIN AND BEAR IT The landlady has raised the rent v far ANOTHER . . i i Your Health Blocked Air-Tube in Lung Blocking of even one of the bronchi, the little air-tubes of the lung, may lead to severe symptoms. Sueh blocking can re sult from a variety of causes, in cluding the inhaling of a foreign object, the plugging of a bron chus by mucus, and its narrow ing due to the formation of scar tissue. In many instances, this block ing is the only disturbance in the lung; at other times it follows Some .other disorder, such as asthma, preventing recovery or making the original condition worse. Symptoms depend on the location of the block, the degree of its severity, what has produced it, and the condition of the sur rounding lung tissue. ', When the blocking becomes severe enough, air often can be breathed in, but cannot be ex haled, or breathed out. As a re sult, the air sacs in the lung be come stretched. This is known as emphysema. When the blocking of the bron chus is complete; the air sacs arourd this bronchus collapse. The one symptom which is al ways present when . there is blocking is cough. In addition, the patient may bring up thin, frothy sputum. If there is infection pre sent, the sputum may have a foul odor. In some cases, there is also wheezing. Abnormal sounds during the breathing, called rales are usually present. X-ray examination is of much value in making the diagnosis certain. Examination with a bronchoscope, which is made up . of a tube and a light also is help ful in determining Just where the blocking is located) and the nature of the obstruction. The bronchoscope can be passed Into the bronchus making it possible for the doctor to look directly into the lung. Sometimes, a foreign body or a - plug of mucus may be removed through ' the bronchoscope, thus relieving the condition. Once the cause of the obstruc tion is found, the most helpful -type of treatment can be carried out. Operative measures are re quired in some instances. ; QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A. C: What would be the cause uMii.,iu.juuLi.ii.ii.iiiMitul.a i a PyICIlTy again . . . well have to advertise Written by Dr. Herman N. Bnndensen of a gurgling feeling in the stom ach and a dull pain on the right side? Answer:" Disturbances of this type may be due to excessive gas in the bowel, to some disorder of the stomach, to gallbladder dis ease, ulcer of the stomach, or la bowel disorder. i It is well for a person with such symptoms to have a thor ough study made by a physician to find the exact cause of the trouble; then treatment for over coming it may be administered j (Copyright 1951. King Features f i (Continued from page one.) Tom Kay was a leader in many uLuviues, . uomDij mi Dig linen mills. C P. Bishnn w a mimti. loved philanthropist. Men like x . ai. hicks ana Tom Windeshar were always on call for help in Dromotini? nublic itimri$M W I. Staley served long as president ox me xiasjA. ana gave it his de voted interest. W. J. "Jack Dan cy was a loyal supporter of the fire department. Dr. Harry Olin- ger servea long on the school board and was a niir!in a hanH in the building of the Elks Temple; also served" on the capitol re construction commission. These are only, a few names -which come to mind of those who now rest from their labors-1 omit names of contemporaries, for their work is well known and I xeel sure Is greatly appreciated Looking around I see a fin group of young men and women u oueiu wuo urn nureaay dem onstrating capacities for leader shin. Salem will, he abundantw safe In their hands. There is still much work to be done here to maintain existing institutions and seivlces and provide new zacuines xo meet tne needs of a erowine communitv. Onlv a those who live here, young and oia, woric in unity and with self- Hcnnce win. we iceep xaitn- with those who hav mmm hfi n and provide a better city for the gcucrBuons io zouow. : Bettor English : 1. What is wrong with this sentence?; "After having arrived at the meeting, we argued, over the matter for hours.' 2. What is the correct pronun ciation of "predicament"? 3. Which one of these words is misspelled? Perpendicular, per nicious, persistence, perpertrate. 4. What does the word -opprobrium" mean? 5. What is a word beginning with de that means "contemp tible'? v ANSWERS 1. Omit after, and say, "ar gued aboat the matter." 2. Pro nounce first syllable pre, not per often heard. 3. Perpetrate. 4. The disgrace - that follows shameful conduct "A man finds it diffi cult to escape the opprobrium attached to his indiscretions.'' 5. Despicable. - RED TATES3 BANNED BERLIN -CV East German communists started : selling their newspapers to West Berlin groc eries and fish stores as wrapping paper to get around the western ban on their circulation. The West Berlin city government has now asked food dealers to shun this octree of paper. (Story also on page 1.) . , By tha Associated Press - .. : A wave of strikes hit transpor tation and industry yesterday and snarled life for millions of Amer icans already plagued . by icy weather. - - i . r Fifty thousand - or more non strikers were idled by a railway switchmen's "sick call" - walkout that prevented delivery of produc tion materials to factories. In addition to the . switchmen, approximately 50,000 workmen , in varied fields were on strike. They Included bus and trolley operators, some automobile employes, and workers in plants ranging from three locomotive works: to a pen cil factory. - ( - Almost .2,000,000 commuters in New York, New Jersey and Phila delphia were left stranded in some of the winter's worst weather by strikes on bus, trolley and subur ban train lines, i More than 43,000 workers were reported idle in Detroit automo bile plants, some because of mate rial shortages and some because of strikes. ' The Chrysler -corporation " sent home 15,200 men from five plants. Some of these lay-offs were be lieved to stem from a walk-out of Typhus, Other Diseases Hii Red Troops Br Russell Brines TOKYO. Friday. Teh. 2 -Wh- Typhus and other diseases have been reported in consiaeraDie ex tant nmnnff , rnmmunlst tTOODS. particularly on Korea's east coast. reliable sources saia toaay. General MacArthur's headquar ters has not yet determined wheth er disease has j reached epidemic proportions as announced in wasn ington, the informants added. t?pH losses from I frostbite and other casualties of I weather and terrain may be greater than irom hizh-ranking officer said. War prisoners have reported that between 50 per cent ana an u. some North Korean companies sta tioned on the east coast have con While some j of these reports came from company grade officers, the nri being: assessed here now with the usual I reserve shown to ward prisoner testimony. Associated Press correspondents on the central nd western fronts, reported that, according to infor mation given them, communist bodies' and prisoners found there ttnwwi nn Sims of -disease.' If th i true, it could indicate that rat-borne typhus might be con fined to the Nona Koreans on me east coast. : . sim winter weather has taken a heavy toll of both Chinese and North Koreans in the war zone, a high-ranking officer said. Tronrh foot I and ; frostbite are known to have crippled large min-ihora flf communist foot SOl- diers, poorly shod -for a- winter campaign. Most oi tne reus wear rubber shoes with thin soles and nnvai tons. The result Is that their feet quickly become wet; then freeze and gangrene results. - urns puis th enlHier out I of action j without killing h'm'. Frpstbite also affects the head ana oiner exposea ex tremities. . I ? Snm of fhm pnmmnnlst Dlison ers are reported to be in such bad - - . a condition that auiea meaicai oi flcers spend most of their time with them. I i s i ' From a military viewpoint the incapacitation or an enemy sol dier nuts him tout of action as effectively as death.! Diseases such as tuDercuiosis ana pneumonia also . have been re- norted. i : . i Winter, which once was expect ed to be a major allied handicap, actually has become an asset, a high-ranking officer told the As sociated Press. United Nations troops are well-equipped now to fight in the cold. All needed gear has reached the front. Fire Troubles Flood-Plajmed Oregon Town ; PAISLEY. Ore, Feb. -1 -V dtiens of this south-central Ore gon town, fighting to prevent fur ther flood damage from the ram paging Chewaucan river, were called off dike duty today to fight a house fire. j v I.-; Sparks from a fireplace, drop ping through the floor. Ignited the residence of Bob Parker, owner of the Paisley Mercantile company. Considerable damage was done be fore the flames were brought un der control. f - 3 Meantime Mayor J. C. Conway said the flood situation had not improved. More homes in the east- era section of town are surround ed i by Ice-jammed Chewaucan waters, i - . . ; , . i The main street of the town hat been diked on both sides to sluice the overflow waters through town. At present the; water - is a foot deep. . . , . , .. Several homes have been evacu ated in the town. Neighbors pro vided emergency housing. 1CMP STEALERS LONDON (TNS)-Black market eers, cashing in on the high price of lead, are believed to be response fhle for stripping a number of Devonshire villages of their old-fashioned- hand - primed water pumps. Working with powerful autos at the dead of night the racketeers swoop on small unpro tected . villages and rip up the pumps complete; ; 5,000 at the Budd conmanv In nro- test against the transfer of three men. ' - f - . s. A materials shortage left 15,009 Hudson Motor Car company em ployes, temporarily idle, and ,003 Kaiser-Frazier workers were out ' ' One by one, other giant indus trial plants announced shutdowns and lay-offs for lack of production materials. I In Philadelphia, the Philco cor- iwnauoo luriougnea 13,000 work ers, and the Budd company, rail way car manufacturers, furknigh ed 2,000. The General Electric company Plant In Syracuse, N. Y, laid off 3,000 for at least a day to await the arrival of television parts needed in production. , ., . The National Tube company plant at Lorain, O, employing 13, 000. announced its production was halted when workers on the com pany's .own short haul railroad joined In the switchmen's walk out. The line hauled supplier to the plant's various divisions, j The Renublie Steel rnrnnti inn said a similar walkout of its rail way workers had halted most of its Cleveland steel-making opera tions. . ; ' , Parade PInnn nil For Salem Show ! By lo CarHUo : 1 Salem Retail Trade bureau planned Thursday to arrange a parade next Wednesday morning to- mark the Salem visit of ; Leo Carrillo and other movie and tele- : A. a vision entertainers, i j ; ine carrillo troupe has been obtained under sponsorship of Sa lem Optimist dub and the Pay Less drug store. The entertainers will give a free performance for the public outside the drug-store at about 10:30 am. j Among the performers with Carrillo will be dancer Gary Goodwin, Spanish dancer Marilyn Epperson, western singer Les An derson, Andy. Parker andj his Plainsmen. - J . . . Mill Awarded Rlanlf et Or1 A Salem concern ? will, manfac ture 30.800 - blankets , foi IT R fighting forces, it was announced Thursday by the army-navy nur- Cnasma Offfta. vt Aw!9f4 Press. ; - -' t -!.. ;: 'Thomas Kav Woolen .Mills wh awarded 'a contract for 4h Mn kets at $14.73 each. The largest single orders 1.000.000 blanket nrh mf M " ' F """"-a TV VU W the American Woolen company of New York, the . world's 1arot worsted and woolen fabric makers. and to Peerless Woolen Mills, of Roosville, Ga. , ; The American Woolen ! bid for" the big contract was $14,473 a blanket and the Peerless price ranged from $15.15 to $16J5. Chatham Manufacturing Co- of Ekin. N. C. received a mntrirt for 600,000 blankets at $14.58 eacn; poruand Woolen Mills, Port land Ore, 45,000 at $16.78. j.- French Hits Of Government Increasing ' costs of state gov ernment may be a business asset to Salem, but is no such asset to the rest of the state; it was averr ed Thursday by State Rep. Giles jfTencn, asoro, -in talk before Salem Lions club. The legislator cautioned ! the clubmen that spending habits of the present were at a point where the state Is - spending $50,000,000 more than its income for the four years through 1953. I "It s time either to be economic al or to be taxed far put of rea son," said French. "If the legisla ture merely uses up the state sur plus and makes a few cuts in the budget, it will be evading its re sponsibility and leaving the whole problem for the next legislature." French advocated adoption of the recommendations of the In terim committee on taxation,' but declared that the committee ; had presented "an integrated program" for which most of 'the measures should be adopted, if any of them are to be considered. Regional Status f Sought for Price Office in Portland WASHINGTON. Feb. 1 -UPh- The department of commerce and the economic stabilization admin istration will set up regional of fices in Portland if the Oregon congressional - delegation has its way..--,.".-" . . i . ' Portland Is now served by dis trict offices. Regional offices for both agencies are located in Se attle. , i Both '- senators and- all four house members sent letters to Secretary of Commerce Charles Sawyer and ESA Administrator Erie Johnston, urging that Port land offices of the two agencies be placed at least on a par with those of Seattle. Portland - businessmen were handicapped during the last war by having to deal with - Seattle regional offices of government agencies, the letter said; Salem Woolen Rising "J. ! 1 1 ! :