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itatcMian
f!-.')H'.:r
SHAKEDOWN CRUISE
10' f t i 4a ai 44 . rra TVT
'. "Wo Focor Sioav Us, Wo Fear Shall
From First Statesman. March 28. 1851
. THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
" CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher
fobUshed every morning. Basiness office 215 8. Commercial. Salem. Oregon. Telephone 2-2441.
Entered at the postoffice at Salem. Oregon, as second class matter under act of congress March 3. 1871
ALL I M THE SAME.
boat'
Cabinet Crisis of 1862
"It? the republican senators and congressmen
hadireviewed their history before they resoluted
they; wouldn't have "demanded" the discharge
of IJfean Acheson as secretary of state. That gave
President Truman a chance to give them a his
tory, lesson when he stated plainly he would not
accede to the demand. He simply referred to the
episode of the Seward resignation in December,
1862, which had been forced through a caucus
of rpubUcanenators arid was rejected by Mr.
Lincoln. I
Fortunes of the Union cause were at a low
bfrhat December. General Burnside, who had
succeeded (against his own will) to command
of the Army of the Potomac, ordered an attack
on Lee' army at Fredericksburg and suffered
a If&tty and humiliating defeat. Congress and
the country were depressed and demands were
made that heads should roll. Harper's Weekly
ran a cartoon calling on Lincoln to drop Secre
tary of War Stanton and General Halleck, chief
of staff, over the side of the ship of state into
'merited oblivion." Stimulated by gossip set
afoot by ambitious Salmon P. Chase, secretary
of the treasury, who was envious or distrustful
of William H. Seward, secretary of state, repub
lican senators caucused for two days and finally
came up with a resolution calling on Lincoln to
reorganize his cabinet which everyone knew
meant to fire Seward. The latter got wind of the
caucus and sent his resignation to the president.
Lincoln received the committee of the senate,
discussed the conduct of the war with them.
Next morning he discussed the caucus resolution
with his cabinet,, minus Seward; and that night
had the senate committee meet with the cabinet,
again minus Seward. At this meeting Chase in
effect reneged on his previous stories, which
left , the senators somewhat nonplussed. When
Chase with some reluctance tendered his re
j iignation Lincoln turned down both resigna
i tions and asked Seward and Chase to remain
In the cabinet.
absurd lie, that could not impose upon a child,
and cling to it and repeat it in defiance of all
evidence to the contrary.' I understood this to
refer to the charges against Mr. Seward."
After this cabinet crisis was over Browning
again called on the president to suggest a cab
inet reorganization, but Mr. Lincoln said he
would rather try to -get along with his present
cabinet than try a new one. Browning reports
that when a rumorwas mentioned that Chase
partisans planned to force Chase on the presi
dent as "Premier": "He said with a good deal
of emphasis that he was master, and they should
not do that."
The historical parallel is never a secure foun
dation for present decision. Mr. Truman is not
Abraham Lincoln and Dean Acheson is not Sew
ard (Acheson is an abler man but less affable).
Neither are the senate republicans today the
same as those of 1862. And the situation is dif
ferent But President Truman could no more
accede to the republican demand in December,
1950 than Lincoln could in December, 1862. The
president still must be the master.
The fundamental premise of the republican
attack on Acheson is false as was that of their
predecessors in 1862 against Seward. The "lie"
today is as "absurd" as that which Lincoln so
denominated. Instead of contributing to con
fusion and disunity the republicans in congress
would do much better to join ranks with demo
crats in promoting the common interest of the
country.
Ehen, as now, there was a lot of backstairs
dickering. Perhaps the best account of the dil
emma facing Lincoln is that given by Senator
Browning, his friend from Illinois, who visited
the' White House the evening after Lincoln got
the Reward resignation:
' S'He asked me if I was at the caucus yester
day. I told him I was and the day before also.
Said he 'What do these men want?' I answered
I hardly know Mr. President, but they are ex
ceedingly violent towards the administration,
'" and what we did yesterday was the gentlest
thing that could be done. We had to do that or
""worse. Said he They wish to get rid of me,
and I ant sometimes half disposed to gratify
them.' I replied, 'Some of them do wish to get
rid of you, but the fortunes oi the country are
bound up with your fortunes, and you stand
firmly at your post and hold the helm with a
' steady hand To relinquish It now would bring
upon us certain and inevitable ruin.' Said he
We are now on the brink of destruction. It ap
pears to me the Almighty is against us, and I
can hardly see a ray of hope.' I answered 'Be
- firm and we will save the country. Do not be
driven from your post. You ought to have
crushed the ultra. Impracticable men last sum
mer. You could then have done it, and escaped
these troubles. But we will not talk of the past
Let us be hopeful and take care of the future.
Mr. Seward appears now to be the especial ob
ject of their hostility. Still I believe" he has
i managed our foreign affairs as well as any one
I could have done. Yet they are very bitter upon
hm, and some of them very bitter upon you.'
He then said 'Why will men believe a lie, an
Some Experts Believe Russians Millions
I Of Barrels of Oil Away from World War III
Legislative Reforms
The prospective heads of the two houses of
the legislative assembly, Sen. Paul Patterson for
the senate and Rep. John Steelhammer for the
house, have been making plans to expedite work
of the next session. Among other proposals are
one to consolidate certain committees such as
judiciary and assessment and taxation and an
other to reduce the number of committees. The
former method is followed on ways and means
and might prove helpful for other committees.
For that matter the state might well give atten
tion to the matter of a unicameral legislature,
such as Nebraska has, with only one house.
The committee system now in vogue in our
legislature .is too cumbersome. Each member
gets on at least one committee and usually on
several. Store is set on chairmanships, so the
number of committees is increased to spread the
titles around. The result is that committee work
is retarded for lack of a quorum or conflict with
other committees. Members flit in and out of.
committee sessions, trying to spread themselves
to cover their assignments.
Sen. Tom Mahoney promptly objected to the
scale-down in committees because it might de
prive the minority party of some chairmanships.
Other democrats, like Neuberger and Bob Hol
mes of Astoria favor reducing the number of
committees or the representation of members on
committees.
Under real reorganization with a limited num
ber of committees staffed with competent help
the legislature should be able to do a better job
and to do it in less time. Experience indicates
however that legislative bodies are slowest to
achieve any reform within themselves though
they are forever scolding the executive branch
for its inefficency. Maybe Patterson and Steel
hammer can really: accomplish something this
time, however. More strength to their hands.
' I ..I' JLIJ.U .
r!B8S5gKS8WggSWa r- i i HI ill- i ill ill
m i
A Newsecf wre I
Braifl commemorate Its fro
era cnus this year by Issuing
two Dew tamps, reports the New
York Stamp Co.
W
J, - . v i
The to cruzeir
os red shows
map of Brazil
and profile
views of a man.
woman and
child. The 1.20
cruzeiros brown
is for airmail
use. It alsw pic
tures a map of
Brazil. In the
lower left are
silhouettes of Individuals repre
senting the counting of the pop
ulation. Italy has Issued two new
stamps honoring the 1850 Inter
national conference of High Fre
quency Radio, reports Leon Mon
osson. At this conference the
participants met to iron out pro
blems of wave lengths within
the various countries. The 20 lire
Is violet and the 54 1 Is blue. The
same set was overprinted for use
in the Free Territory of Trieste.
The profile of the Goddess
Bodhisattva will be turned about
on India's one anna stamp. The
Communications Ministry . says
the goddess face is depicted on
the stamps as turned to her right
It should look to ber left New
stamps, with Bodhisattra In the
correct position, will replace the
present Issue.
A set of 10 beautifully Illus
trated stamps has been Issued by
Niue. reports the New York
Stamp Co. Niue is a small Island
(also known as Savage Island in
the South Pacific It b a depend
ency of New Zealand. Pictured
on the stamps are various native,
erne. The H pence shows a
map of the island.
(Continued from Page One)
average after the plan is work
ing, so a greater stability of in
come would be assured. Counties
through their O & C association
want a minimum of 50 per cent
of gross receipts.
The whole subject will have to
be explored and discussed by the
principal parties at interest: the
federal government through con
gress and the Interior depart
ment and the counties whose in
terest has been recognized by
law.
What should be kept in mind
Is that in these two and a quar
ter million acres the people have
a great asset Under proper man
agement it will be permanent as
set as the 1937 law contemplates
In its requirement of operation
of the lands on a sustained yield
basis. The "landlords' income"
shared by federal and county
governments is only part of the
benefit The remainder comes in
the way of the timber, what it
provides in the way of employ
ment and materials for local in
dustry and to consumers in the
way of useful commodities: lum
ber, plywood, pulp, paper, etc
Counties should look to this fea
ture too; and they don't want to
get caught like the boy who had
his hand in the cookie jar, and
tried to hold so many cookies
in his hand he couldn't get it
out
Safety
DOB Valve
Hollywood
On Parade
Better English
By SIrrid Arne
Some Washington experts on
Russia think the Kremlin is sev
eral million barrels of oil away
from touching off World War
III.'
The Russian position 'on oil
appears to them not to different
from Hitler's when he gambled
on World War II, hoping that he
either had, or would win, enough
supplies to carry him through.
Tanks get two miles to the
gallon of gas.
' Qn a trip to Europe a B-36
nsef more than a tank car of
Easoline and 10,000 pounds of
ibricating oil.
:
For that kind of warfare the
west is set up to carry on in
definitely. Russia according to
these men's belief, Is only sup
plied for a lightning war. But
that lightning war could be pro
lojsied if the Russians could
grab the middle east oil fields
and supply enough air protection
yto '.keep them in production.
Right now here is how the
ea-west production of oil stacks
up.v
The U. S. is turning out 2,311,
O00',000 barrels of oil a year. The
western hemisphere turns out
1,075,000,000.
'A ' -
The west uses production from
the middle east 660,000,000 bar
rets a year. The richest fields lie
In .Iran; these turn out 251,000,
OOff barrels a year.
The Russians are turning out
only 324,000,000 barrels of oil a
yeir. Moscow gives out no such
trade Information, but this is the
be guess of men who, work for '
American oil companies and the
U.B. government
: J ; "
ie r only known important
Russian supply lies in the Baku
oil) fields, north of the Caspian
Seal Drilling here has been so
heavy aince 1945 that the Rus
sians, call some fields "second
Baku."
Whether "first-, or "second
Baku, all of those fields are
within ' range of western allied
planes flying from the Mediter
ranean, where the U. S. Is keep
ing a fleet, and from North Af
rica where there are air fields
which are not described by the
military.
There is a second Russian oil
supply in Romania, in the Ploesti
oil fields, but that oil is so low
grade that it takes a good deal
of fancy refining.
The Russians might prolong a
war by grabbing the middle east
fields, but they are even more
vulnerable to western bombing
than their Baku fields.
The west would like to keep
the middle east fields for its own
use, but there would be little
tenderness in Washington for the
area if held by the Russians.
So it is felt that the middle
east fields would be cancelled
out if both the east and the west
fought for them.
313
Ways in Washington
1. What is wrong with this sen
tence? "Jones wanted the posi
tion of manager badly."
2. What is the correct pronun
ciation of "passe"?
3. Which one of these words is
misspelled? Contemporary, con
tenteous, contemptuous, contin
gency. 4. What does the word "pos
terity" mean?
5. What is a word beginning
with eq that means "evenness of
mind"?
ANSWERS
1. Say, "Jones wanted very
ranch the position of manager."
GRIN AND BEAR IT
Alms and Objects Given
For Historical Society
To the Editor:
The Marion County Historical
Society wishes to correct an ar
ticle which appeared in your pa
per November 23, stating that
the purpose of this society was
saving the present court house
and listed the officers and board
members as soliciting and re
ceiving donations for that pur
pose. No. one whose name was
given was in anyway responsible
for the article.
To quote from the constitution
of the Marion County Historical
Society "The object of the Mar
ion County Historical Society
shall be education, namely, to
stimulate an interest in, and a
knowledge of, the past in Mar
lon County, Oregon.
Section 1. To discover and
gather objects and material il
lustrative of the history of the
county, its life, conditions, events
and activities.
Section 2. To provide for the
preservation and use of such ob
jects. Section 3. To sponsor research
in archaeological and historical
problems.
Section 4. To foster the preser
vation of historical buildings,
sites and monuments, and to en
courage intelligent use of them,
for modern purposes.
Section 5. To conduct educa
tional programs in the field of
history through publications,
meetings, the observation of his
torical anniversaries and the use
of aids of learning."
Memberships Any person
interested in the history of Mar
lon County may be enrolled as
a regular member upon the pay
ment of the annual dues.
This above taken from the
Constitution of the society should
clarify any misconcepts as to
the objects of the society.
Thanking you Sincerely,
(MISS) MERL E. DIMICK.
Pres. Marion Co. Historical
Society,
909 Market St
r
sUte
1
m
tic adventurer. The ExHe" and
"The righting OTlynn" put him
through other athletic and hard-
to-believe exploits. "That Lady
In Ermine," with Betty Grable,
was a costume spectacle More
subdued and less Supennanly In
"SUte Secret" Doug Is a hero
who really gets our sympathy.
2. Pronounce pa-sa, first a as In
ah, second a as in say, accent
second syllable. 3. Contentious.
4. Descendants; all succeeding
generations; future time. "He at
tempted to build up an estate for
posterity." 5. Equanimity.
by Lichty
HOLLYWOOD Douglas Fair
banks, Jr., whose postwar Holly
wood movies were fairly dulL
has gone
o r o a a ana fmm,zzmriS' t
starred in a
secret" is a t
first-rate chase ri
melodrama v
with Doug pur
sued by
police . bent on
killing him. C
The state isr""
mythical "Vos-
nia " recklessly
bossed by a dictator and his
gang. A distinguished American
surgeon (Fairbanks) visits the
country and performs an opera
tion. In surgery, be learns that
the patient is the dictator.
The dictator's Illness hasnt
been disclosed to the people be
cause be is a solo candidate up
for re-election. Even if he died,
his gang would try to bluff
through the election, with a dou
ble making his appearances.
When he does die, in Fairbanks'
presence, the surgeon is in on the
secret Therefore, in the view of
the dictator's lieutenant (British
actor Jack Hawkins), the visiting
doctor must die, too.
Fairbanks flight takes him
through streets and into a music
halL He fast-talks the star
(England's Clynis Johns) into
helping him. A money-smuggler.
well played by Herbert Lorn, aids
their flight by river boat and
mountain cable car. Even in the
exciting mountain - climbing
scenes, Doug doesn't emulate his
late father with heroic gymnas
tics, as he did so persistently
here.
Tho tightly knit well acted
story was filmed partly in Trento
and the Dolomite Alps of north
em Italy. Interiors were shot in
London. Two British movie
makers, Frank Launder and Sid
ney Gllliat produced the film.
An interesting aspect is the
"Vosnian" language compounded
for the movie by Georglna
Shield, a London language
teacher. It s a mixture of Ital
ian, Czechoslovakian, Hungari
an, Esthonlan. and Finnish
words, plus some of her own in
vention. A spokesman says this
synthetic vocabulary numbers
more than 2,000 words.
The picture is a good change
of pace for Fairbanks. In "Sin
bad the Sailor" be was a fan las-
: t
Q -HIP
DAV Christmas
Party Tonight
Salera chapter Disabled Am.
erican Veterans, win bold its an
nual Cnristzoas Dartv tanlrfet
o'clock at Salem Woman's club
house.
A program has been arra&rtxl
for the children, with Santa da us
to assist In distributing gifts,
candy and nuts. Disabled veterans
and their families of Marion-Pol
counties are Invited to bring their
children. All members attendir.e
are requested to bring some suit
able gift for veterans cf the Vet
erans hospital at Portland.
Benefit Bazaar Slated
For Enlisted Men'i Club
A bazaar to benefit the enlisted
men's fund of Salem Company 8,
Oregon national guard, is slated
for Friday from 730 to 1130 p.
m. in the armory.
Games and free refreshments
are planned, with prizes donated
by Salem merchants.
Gills!
Tho whole Jamfly benefits
iron Electrical Appll
ences. Se our fin selec
I
C Nonje Electric Eon?
Estate Electric Baage
fa InlerncrSooal Barretter
Freezers
Kccye Bairieratars
InterzKr&oaal Barreeter
Al Lane
Beirigeralicn Co.
There Are Only 3 Dap
Benainisg To Do Tour
Chriitnas Shopping
S you sfiS have aboppin? to do
we will be happy La (he adecrror
to be oi service.
To Our Many Friends We Say
A Ilcrry Clriiinas
WITHBOW HARDWARE
ltftS Slat Street
rhene MU1
By Jane Eads
WASHINGTON -(JP) Ameri
can GIs the world over will sit
down to a traditional Christmas
dinner with a
pound oi tur- rrX'?'4'!1 7
Key per man -
and all the;
m..
snu will be t
ich the same 1 r.f4
that they JV ' . -Jk
1
..V
trimmings.
menu
much
as
had on Thanks-
giving day andf
will vary only
sugnuy in an-
ierent areas.
Army cook
will prepare the
dinner from the master menu
set up by the quartermaster
corps. Here's what they'll be
eating Christmas day in "ZI"
that is, Zone of the Interior, or
the United States proper:
Breakfast: Chilled grapefruit,
oatmeal, fresh milk, fried eggs,
toast, doughnuts, butter, coffee.
Dinner (mid-day): Ripe ol
I ives, celery sticks, sweet pickles,
I spiced tomato juice cocktail,
roast turkey, sage dressing, gib
let gravy, cranberry sauce, whip
ped potatoes, glazed sweets,
French-style green beans, lettuce
wedge with Thousand-Island
dressing, Parker House rolls.
Jam, butter, hot mince pie, cof
fee, apples, tangerines, grapes,
salted nuts, hard candy.
Supper: TurkeV rice soup,
crackers, cold sliced turkey sand
wiches, lettuce, salad dressing,
potatoes, vegetables, relish tray,:
bread, butter, ice cream, cocoa.
In the Eastern Command, in
cluding Japan and Korea, they'll
get about the same, except they'll
have fried ham and jelly for
breakfast but no doughnuts. The
dinner, also at mid-day, will fea
ture shrimp cocktail, fresh but
tered corn, ice cream and fruit
cake in addition to the mince pie,
and a fruit punch. There is no
mention of turkey soup or cold
turkey sandwiches on the buf
fet supper menu.
About the only differences In
the European Command's menu
for the day are in vegetables.
The boys and girls in Germany,
for instance, will have buttered
succotash and cauliflower with
parsley butter for dinner. Their
mince meat pie will be ala mode.
Here's the recipe for the sage
dressing, the portions calculated
on the basis of every 100 men:
five pounds of celery, two and
a half pounds of dry onions, two
pounds of fat dripDings. one-half
pound parsley, 24 pounds of
bread crumbs and one and one
half ounce of saee.
; Unlike most of the folks back
home, the GIs get turkey not
only on Thanksgiving and
Christmas, but also on five other
days in the year, including New
Year's day. The quartermaster
corps bought the turkey last
summer, 15.000,000 pounds of It,
New York-dressed.
'
"Who said anything about the Joy of giving, the Christmas setrtt
or aaythtncT . . . this la Just a chance te ft year
a a gut U the
111 1
nmniui
n in - Tl
The Diamond
You Always Wanted
To Give Her
Priced from SO. OO
to 5000.00
Federal Tax Included
390 State Street
X
X