Balkans Jr arrv
Seen Only
" "No Favor Sways Us, No Fear Shall Awe" i ,
From first Statesman, March ZS, 1S51
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
1 I ! i CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher
PvUlshed every morning. Cosiness fflc SIS a CenunerciaL Salem, Oregon. Telephone S-J44L
Entered at the poatoffiee at Salem, Oregon, as second dan natter under act of congress Blareh t, 1S7I
UCC Income, Outgo
On its fiscal aide the unemployment compen
gation commission works like a bank: money
coming in and piling up; money going .out to
drain the reservoir. Only this is true: it doesn't :
go out to those who pay it in, which makes
it quite different from a bank of deposit
In the first half of this year the outgo far
exceeded the intake: $16,309,120 going out and
only $5,961,647 coming in. That outgo Was al
most as high as the total for 194 and over
twice as much as for the whole of 1948. Many
were jobless, particularlyin the first quarter
cf 1850, and the put-out of checks was ery
heavy. - ; . - ' ' -y- '
At that, however, the trust fund balance Is
still very highj over $70,000,000 at the end of
June. Moreover, the summer employment has
been back around peak levels.. This means the
Inflow will exceed the outflow and pile up more
money in the reserve account. The high point
was back at the end of 1948 when the trust fund
.total was $84,639,653. 1
We are so closely related to squirrels in our
hoarding Instinct that we like to see reserves
pile up and watch fearfully as reserves are
drawn down. Actually, this fund is accumu
lated for use on the proverbial rainy day. That
. over $16,000,000 was paid out in the first half
pf 1950 was a good thing. itWped many a fam
ily tide over a period of unemployment and
kept the wheels of trade turning in quite a sub
stantial manner. . ,
Existence of unemployment compensation is, ;
' however, something of a . discouragement to
, thrift. Tor example, one hears of buckers and
I fallers who draw down enormous daily wages
from work in the woods, but some" of them are
'out of, funds'- a week or two' after logging
camps shut down. For the thriftless and for
those whose earning power is low in relation
to their family necessities, unemployment com
pensation does give a substantial "assist" in
times, of unemployment. It is here to stay, but
it still requires careful administration to avoid
abuses.
break out of the barricade of the six per cent
limitation. By getting voter approval of an in
definite or long-term extra levy, governing
boards are relieved of worries of annual elec
tionsuntil such time as the new supply be
comes insufficient and fresh drafts on taxpay
ers must be made.' i
We do not believe these continuing levies
have ever been tested in court. They have just
been accepted as inevitable, just as the levy
of other taxes to supplement property taxes
was not resisted as in violation of this sacred
six per cent limitation which now seems to be
losing some of its teeth.' , . .
TV Mixed "Blessing"
As long as the FCC keeps up its freeze on
granting new TV licenses, most of Oregon will
be, spared television reception. That TV is an
uncertain blessing is proven by reports from
sections where it Is in full operation. Latest
report comes from southern California where
a survey was made among TV owners by a
department of the University of Southern Cali
fornia. The sociologist in charge, Edward C
McDonagh, summarizes the report: -
Ninety per cent are listening less to the radio;
three-fourths are going to fewer - movies; nearly
half are attending fewer sports events; all are doing
less pleasure driving.
Housewives were solid in complaining they never
get to go anywhere any more.
. Television thus is a real threat to prevailing
customs and existing business interests. Not
mentioned, too, is the damage to student records
at. school through diversion from study. Youth
have conditioned their minds to study with a
radio going full blast, but they can't study and
watch a TV show at least they haven't learned
" how yet. t v
But all this will not keep television out. In
terests seeking to profit by it will finally get
licenses for Oregon operatiorcjPeople will then
just have to make adjustments, and so will ra
dio, book publishers and movie theatres. The
unfortunate thing is that television, promises to
follow the downgrade of radio andi include
chiefly banal and superficial programs in trying
to reach the presumed level of the so-called
masses. i
: . . Otte MOBS' j J."
kpGDEBDGB
(Continued from page 1)
" or , natives, who do most of the
-labor in the mines. They are re-
. quired to be m their compounds
) by nightfall. But the color lint
also Is drawn against the des
cendants of Immigrants brought
m from India to serve as inden
, tured , labor, many years ago.
(Ghandi got his inspiration to
" battle against racism during his
residence In South Africa). Race
- prejudice exists not only between
whites and non-whites but also
between the blacks and the In
"dians. A few yean ago savage
race , riots broke out in Durban
between black Africans and Vie
.Indians.
South Africa is one of the
world's worst trouble spots in
race relations. It has been under
continuous pressure in commit
tees of United Nations because
of Its legalized discrimination.
The UN Charter denounces such
discrimination, but the South
Africans defend . their policy.
They say that the whites make
up only one-fifth of the total
population of South Africa. -If
they relaxed and abolished dis
crimination they -would quickly
be overrun by the blacks and the
country would revert to veldt
Nevertheless, the South Africa
attitude is under steady attack
from other member nations and
from the aroused conscience of
the world.
Discontinue the Portland zoo was one recom
mendation made to the money-short city coun
cil. Another suggestion was to limit the zoo to
native wild animals. Doubtless they can find
plenty of "queer birds' in Portland who could
qualify for admittance.
Tax Detour This Way s
At the 1948 election, Oregon voters rejected
a constitutional amendment which would have
permitted voters of a taxing district to establish
a new tax base on which the six per cent limita
tion would apply. Under this, a unit which had
voted extra' levies for two years could by an
affirmative vote adopt a new tax base which
would be the average of the three-year period.
The voters refused to allow any tampering with
the original base.
A workable detour has been found around
rrthe six per cent, limitation by 'means of the
continuing levy. The Salem school district, for
example, in one election voted on Itself ah extra
levy of six mills for ten years for buHding pur
poses. And Multnomah county finally got up
enough pride and enough votes to have its public
services by voting an extra levy for five years
with a maximum of four and one-half mills.
The city of Salem has, if we remember correctly,
extra levies on a continuing basis for streets toll for Uncle Sam. With the last two wars not
and for parks, voted once. .'paid .for, and starting on another the hope for
We are not , criticizing any of these levies, tax reduction In the foreseeable future prows
merely calling attention to the means found to dim. -
1
Salamied between hum-drum news of Korean war last week
came important dispatch namely, communique from Italy, via
AP, noting that Rita Hayworth is not expecting
again yet ... seems that reporter asked Miss
(Schoolgirl) Hayworth if she was ... and
Reticent Rita shyly dug her -left big toe in the
sand and said nope ... trembling with eager
ness, reporter hurried off to send message to
world breathlessly awaiting The Word . . .
one reader, however, read the message and was
heard to murmur: "This is about Aly Khan
stomach." j
V
Bulgars are reported to be making raids lJMfV'l I
across tne xugosiav Doraer. The ttuigars better
look out. The Yugoslavs are experienced in this
business and "would be real toughies. Besides
they have more at stake than the satellite Bulgars.
During heat wave other day local theatre
had as short feature one of those deals
whra movit audinc sings song as words and cartoons
appear on screen . . . tcell, guess whatsong patrons worked
up a steeat over this time? ... none other than "Jingle
Bells!" . . . heating the heat in an unusual but, no doubt
effective style was the gent who flashed around downtown
street aboard a motorcycle barefoot. 1
'If Wo Do What We Ought to Do, There Is Still
Much Hope; If Not, There Is No Hope at All'
Gone glimmering is the prospect for a cut
in excise taxes. Milady will still pay extra for
i i i . . . ...
m v 7 iraPonauo,n ana Added to the list of Kentucky Colonels is Ethan Grant, Salem
w.lwlul ""VrVr u""u couecung author . . . Ethan received his "commission" ,in exclusive group
other day . . . "Shut man mouf and whistle Dixie through man
nose if ah can figger how come they all picked little ole me
foh a kernel," drawled the man Whose last name is .washed
out of most southern youngsters' mouths with soap ... Ethan
admitted, though, he has always had a leaning toward mag
nolias, fried chicken, black-eyed peas, horseracing and neier
could see much to that story about Little Eva running across
the ice.
Za v v ? itburo m
i deed be
v irrei
, t I bly temj
tSS I further
lonrph Ali
' v. Ill.l
-Br Joseph and Stewart Alsoy
WASHINGTON, July 15 On
ly three weeks after the attack
on Korea, predictions are already
being made
that the Krem
lin will shortly
attack another
soft spot, and
thus unleash a
general war.
The Soviet pol-
itburo must in
deed be almost
li t a-
tempted to
adven
ture, by the
spectacle of the
whole .ordinary power of the
United States being committed
in Korea. Yet the evidence on.
balance suggests that the men in
the Kremlin, have not as yet
yielded to this
temptation. - 7
This evidence
ttlM into sever
al parts. One
part is found in
Korea. It is
e on s I d e r -ed
highly tig.
nificant that
since the unit
ed States inter
vened in Korea,
American air
power over the
battlefront has not been serious
ly challenged. ;
Soviet air power in the . Far
East is a match, and probably
more thanj a match, for Ameri
can air power based on Japan.
In every other category, the Sov
iets clearly intend to use every
means to force the American
troops off the Asiatic mainland
they have already committed the
best Russian heavy tanks and
long-range artillery. But they
have not committed Soviet s
planesJ . . , "
According to the best Intelli
gence -evaluation, this Is for a
simple reason. The men in the
Kremlin are still unwilling to in
vite an open war by sending
Russians in to fight Americans :
a$d there are simply not enough
non-Cussian pilots to fly the
A
i V v..
non-Russian pilots to fly the
Russian planes. This does not
mean that the Soviets are un
willing to risk general war
they have of course already done
so. But it is taken to mean that
they are still unwilling to In
vite a general war.
. The second item of evidence
comes from Moscow. There the
British" ambassador, Sir David
Kelly, has held a number of con
versations on the Korean crisis
at the Soviet 'foreign office. The
Soviet diplomats have been, as
always, cautious and elliptic. But
they have hinted that the Korean
problem could easily be solved,
' on a satisfactory basis, if only the
United States were reasonable
if only, for example, the United
States would recognize commun
ist China.
This is, "of course, a rather
transparent attempt to drive a
wedge between the United States
and its British ally. Nevertheless
the use of naked force is prob
ably not contemplated as long as
' such diplomatic expedients are
being resorted to. The tenor of
the conversations, moreover, has
not , been warlike there have
been no heavy-handed hints, for
example, that the British, In view
of their exposed position, should
recohsidex-their policy.
Third, there are no signs of
any special preparation for war.
either in the Soviet Union or by
the red army in eastern Europe.
The Soviet Union is always, of
course, on a war basis by
American standards, Russia has
been mobilized ever since World
War II ended. But those extra
ordinary meajures, like arma
ment and transport stockpiling
on the frontiers, which must pre
1 cede an all-out attack, have not
been taken. '' - -1 i
finally, there Is the reaction to
the Korea crisis within the Eu- ,
ropean communist high com
mand. Reports from clandestine
sources on "his Internal reaction
have come from such points as
Paris, Rome, Stockholm. Istan
bul, Warsaw, Prague and Bu
charest. All these reports have
" been very similar.
There has been universal sur
prise and dismay among the top
communist leaders at the Amer
ican response to the Soviet chal
lenge in Korea. But there Is com-
eig evidence that the Kremlin
not warned the communist
leaders to expect war. Tor the
communist hard core has not
been alerted for resistance and
sabotage in western Europe, nor
has the terror become sterner in
eastern Europe.
In weighing this optimistic ev
idence, however, it is necessary
to remember that the men in the
Kremlin were utterly unprepared
for the situation which now con
fronts them. They did not expect
any American response in Korea.
They did not expect all of Amer
ica's strength to be committed In
Korea. They had not thought
about what they would do If
Officials at Woodburn boys training school were some
: what jarred other day when a 12-year-old boy ASKED tor
be admitted . . . story told by Mrs. Nona White, Marion
county juvenile officer . . . seems the lad, who lives inl
Portland and has never been in any difficulties with the
law, recently acquired a step-ather and a new infant
brother . . . feeling neglected and about as useful around
the house as a broken ball-bat, the boy hitch-hiked to
Woodburn and asked startled authorities there if he might
become a member of the institution ... after reviewing
the unprecedented situation, officials at school, sent him
to Mrs. White at Salem . . . and she returned the boy
home . I"
. I
Tom McQall, personal secy, to Gov. Douglas McKay, found
himself in a situation recently which should happen to a poli
tician only in a nightmare . . . Tom was on hand to convey
Gov.'s personal greetings to German youth who arrived in
Salem Friday straight from the Old Country . . . Tom says
he had a dandy oration all memorized ... sticker was that
there were no western forcer McCall, who can talk fast and furious on nearly any occasion,
anywhere to oppose the red ar
my or the satellite armies, or
both, In any ' aggression they
might choose to . commit any
where along their frontier. This
temptation now squarely, sur
prisingly confronts them, and Is
daily magnified by the progres
sive exposure In Korea of Amer
ica's shocking unpreparedness.
There Is no saying the men in
the Kremlin will not be overcome
by this temptation in the end, de
spite the evidence already cited,
and despite the deterrent effect
of our strategic air force and
atomic stockpile. Indeed, those
who shouldjcnow best predict
that . another : aggression will
eventually be committed by the
Kremlin, unless the existing det
errent is , rapidly and powerfully
reinforced.
They say further that there is
only one way to do this to con
front Stalin and his colleagues
with the awe-inspiring spectacle
of the entire resources, the whole
wealth and man power of the
United States, being mobilized
for war. Only by mobilizing, on
ly by thus Indicating present de
termination and 0f fear
ful penalties to come, can we
prevent the war that the whole
world fears. Thus, if we do what
we ought to do, there Is still
much hope. But if we do not do
what we ought to do, there is no
hope at alL
doesn't speak German ... and the youth knowi only a smat
tering of English ... so about all they could do was shake
hands and grin at each other ... in fact for first half-hour
the crowd of greeters, who had visitor confused with someone
else, kept calling him by a non-existant : first name , . . an
interpreter finally straightened the whole thing out.
.
Local nationnaZ guardsmen expect to find themselves in
regular army any day now . . . matter of fact, Salem
units have started big drive for 185 additional recruits
. . . big selling point is that if guard is called men trill
hold their guard rates and companies will remain intact
. .-. as they did during last war (nothing like fighting a
war with your friends) . . nearly 20 per cent of company
G ere combat veterans , , , former company man, Francis
AfesheUe, i now with army in Korea V' . . his brothers,
Cpl. Rex Meshelle and Pvt. Calvin Meshelle, are in guards
here. ' ' " i .
agency's prosecuting officer under
toe Taft-Hartley act.
Last fan, the board held the
union guilty of violating the act
by insisting on a closed shop con
tract with 22 commercial print
shops in Baltimore. The act bans
the closed shop, under which an
employer may hire only union
members.
Race prejudice is based on tra
ditional pride and fear, which
cannot easily be erased. In this
country, recent" agitation for
civil rights legislation has stirred
up old antagonisms in the south.
Even after they denounced com
pulsory fair employment prac
tice legislation, Senators Pepper
and Graham were defeated by
those who raised banners of
white supremacy.
At the same time, our own1
South is waking up and under
. the spur of its own sense of Jus
tice and the fear of a federal
whip is providing better condi
tions for negroes. The agitation
for. civil rights works as a prod
even if it does give the reaction
aries a chance to ride into office
War of Nerves r
ATHENS, Greece, July lS-i1)- ,
Field Marshal Alexander Papagos ;
said in a newspaper interview to
day that communist military move
ments in the Balkans are merely
part of a war of nerves.
The Greek commander of armed I
forces, the country's greatest mod- '
era military hero, said he does not
believe Russia is ready for a world .
war. His views were published In
the conservative newspaper, Em
bros. '
(Premier Marshal Tito of Yugo
slavia came in for another propa
ganda attack from the Russian -Saturday.
A Russian - language
broadcast from Moscow, heard In
Oslo, said Tito was "Yugoslavia's
Syngman Rhee," an "exponent of
American war plans in the Balk
ans" and ' a "paid traitor." Tito,
the broadcast charged, ' is playing
in the Balkans the same 'role as
President. Syngman Rheeiof South
Korea in "carrying out 'provoca
tions" against communist nations
along his borders.) '
behind the real if invisible sign
of kluxism. And South Africa
will cast an unfavorable light on
Itself if it treats rudely the depu- '
tatlon from the world council of
churches.
Local Tours: Silver Falls Park,
via- Eureka avenue, Silverton. :
Drive to Silverton. Instead of
turning left on Main street to go
to business section, turn right to
top of hill, then left on Eureka
avenue. Note many new attrac
tive homes on route just out of
, Silverton. This is old road to the
falls. Goes i through interesting
country and if visibility is good
offers excellent views including
snow peaks to north. Road comes
in near South Falls. Return may '
be made over regular Silver Falls
highway through Shaw or back
on north side through Silverton.
Champoeg - Wilsonville-New-berg.
Drive to Champoeg (nice
place for picnic dinner). Then
take surfaced road downriver to
Wilsonville. Cross on ferry, then
at the intersection near store take
to left upriver to Newberg. Note
several lovely places along toe
river road. From Newberg return
via St. Paul, pay ton or McMinn
ville. :.
KK2W
o
tie
For Time Payments
Up to One Year to Pay
No Interest No Carrying Charge
SMALL DOWN PAYMENT
NEW
Royal - Corona - Remington - Underwood Port ablos
Buy Your Portable from a Typewriter Specialist
O All Machines Expertly Inspected j
O Local Service
Salem's Exclusive Factory-Authorized Sales and Service Agency
for the Royal Standard Typewriter . ,
Priced as Low as Any Chain or . Mall Order House
KAY TYPEWRITER CO.
223 North High JIM CALVERT ,Mgr. Phono 1-3095
Exclusive Agent for Royal World's No. 1 typewriter
ICoerrirht 158.
Nw York Herald Tribune. Inc.)
AFL Chieftain
RapsNLRBin
Typo Dispute
WASHINGTON, July 15 -Wh
ATL President William Green
called today for a senate investiga
tion of yrhat he termed the "re
lentless ' campaign" w a t e d by
NLRB General Counsel Robert N.
Denham against the International
Typographical Union. j
Green suggested that Denham
may be trying to "subject the ITU
and other labor organizations to
an otherwise unnecessary perma
nent injunction so that their em
ployers can j substitute the con
tinuous threat of contempt suits
for genuine collective bargaining."
, In a letter to members of a sen
ate subcommittee on labor-management
relations, the ATL pre
sident accused Denham of recom
mending court action against the
ITU in a case where the union has
pledged full cooperation with a
decision handed down by the na
tional labor relations board.
Denhari. a semi-independent of
ficial of the . NLRB,. acts as the
Let us restyle
v mtoT?
1
Diamonds Reset
While You Wait
Reclaim your utmoded pieces of Jewelry. Bring them In
ncf let us snow you how little it costs -to have them re
modeled In the 1950 manner.
290 State'
Dial 4-2223