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The state grange at Its Ontario
meeting again scolded George H.
Flagg, state public utilities com
for allowing Pacific
Tnwi- nA Llffht company to re
Axiom itii rates at The Dalles in
order to meet PUD competition.
He invited further rebuke from
the grange this week when he Is
sued a similar order for the Moun
tain states Power company at
ine into municipal operation of an
Korinefield where the city is go
ing into municipal operation of
an electric distribution system.
The fact is that Flagg has no
alternative unless he wants to
bring on a lawsuit for which pre
cedent shows that he would lose,
His action conforms to the inter
pretation of the law rendered by
the attorney general's office.
But leave aside the legal phases
of the Question. Since the munici
cality or the PUD has moved in
to compete shouldn't the private
utility be left free to compete with
it for the business? -
Electric distribution is by its na
ture a monopoly, as its history has
proven. .To prevent the abuses of
monopoly government regulation
of rates and corporate practices
was invoked. This restricts utility
earnings to a fair return based on
its Investment. The corporation
has to work under this law, and
over the years returns to utilities
have been moderate as compared
with other businesses.
But surely it is not fair to re
strict utility earnings on the
ground it Is a monopoly and then
when a competitive situation de
stroys its monopoly hold it to rates
that cancel Its ability to compete.
Assume that a return of six per
cent IS justified and rates fixed
accordingly. If a tax-free or spe
dally favored unit of government
enters the field It may offer low
er rates and take virtually all the
customers. In that event the cor
poration would
(Continued on Editorial Page 4.)
Portland Strike
Spurs Bakery
Work in Salem
Salem bakeries Tuesday step
ped up their bread and other pro
duction to meet new local de
mand prompted by a Portland
bakers' strike.
This city's largest bakery, the
Cherry City Baking Co., was pro
ducing at near-capacity, having
increased production by about 40
per cent Roger Williams, assist
ant manager, said he was confi
dent that Salem would have an
adequate bread supply so long as
none of the locally made bread is
diverted to the Portland market
' Several bakery and retail mar
ket proprietors in Salem had re
ceived offers Tuesday from Port
land firms seeking to find an out
aide bread supply.
But it was considered unlikely
that any local bread would reach
Portland. Those in business here
indicated they would have their
hands full keeping up with the
strictly local demands.
Proprietors of several larger
markets of the city reported that
they had ample supply for their
customers. Besides the increased
local : bread , production, at least
one Portland firm was still ship
ping bread into Salem. This came
from a firm which operated a
bakery in Eugene as well as in
Portland. ;
Most Salem groceries normally
carry Portland as well as Salem
bakery products.
Timber Draws
Record Price
EUGENE, June 20-OP)-A record
price of nearly $4,000 an acre was
6 aid for Willamette National forest
mber at auction here yesterday.
Nyland Lumber ' company bid
$48 a thousand for 960,000 board
feet of Douglas fir In a 12-acre
tract on Wileycreek, east of Sweet
Home. The tract also contained
70,000 feet of hemlock, bought at
the appraised price of $1.85.
The previous high paid for fir
on the Willamette forest was $38
a thousand.
Animal Crcicftcrs
By WARREN GOODRICH
"idgv h a wonderful pro
tkftr we Am a th atesf
100th YEAR
Bridge Pier Location Work Starts
w
The floating derrick pictured here is starting work on pier location for the new Willamette river bridge,
one block north of the present Center street span. Derrick is pictured Just offshore from the construc
tion headquarters of contractor Lee Hoffman on the west bank of the river. (Statesman photo. Addition
al photo on page 12).
Salem Boy Critical
After Gun Accident
A 12-year-old Salem boy was shot and critically wounded Tues
day night by a 13-year-old companion who accidentally fired a .32
revolver he "was certain wasn't loaded."
Howard Clemens, son of Mr. and Mrs. Mel Clemens, 1220 N. 25th
st. was shot in the left side of
his chest shortly before 10 p.m.
He was visiting at the home of 13-year-old
Ronnie Kucera, 1940 N.
Front st.
First air men took the wounded
youngster to Salem General hospi
tal where attendants said his con
dition was "critical" early thij
morning.
Sister Heard Shot
City police officers, who ruled
the shooting accidental, said young
Kucera apparently pulled the re
volver out of an upstairs bedroom
dresser and clicked the trigger at
Clemens, thinking the gun's cham
ber was empty.
Kucera's sister. Mrs. Joan
Hughes, heard the shot and called
police. Clemens had come to the
home early in the evening, intend
ing to spend the night while his
parents were at the VFW hall.
Officers said Kucera- admitted
owning the gun for nearly two
years. His father, John Kucera, did
not know his son had the weapon,
police said.
Had Used Gun Before
The youngster told officers that
he las fired the revolver about six
months ago but that he had used
It ' frequently in the past, as had
other youths in the neighborhood.
There was only one carriage in
the chamber.
Police did not hold young Ku
cera. He was released to his par
ents. Earlier Tuesday the city first aid
squad had been called to the Ku
cera home when Mrs. Hughes' in
fant son, Clifford, tried to drink
some rubbing alcohol. First aid
men said he didn't swallow enough
fluid to cause trouble.
Civil Service to
Study Demotion
Of Fire Captains
Recent demotions of two veter
an Salem fire department cap
tains will be up for study today
at a meeting of the city civil
service commission In the city
halL
Captains J. F. Baggett and Ben
O Faught have been demoted to
fireman classification by Chief W.
P. Roble who charged them with
"insubordination and inefficiency
In performance of duty."
Today's civil service meeting,
scheduled to begin at 2 p. m., will
be the first attended by Monroe
Cheek, newly-appointed commis
sion member. Other members are
Chairman William J. Entress and
Kenneth C Perry,
- i - .
PENLAND MENDING
VANCOUVER, Wash, June 20
(i5VThe last commander of the
GAR, Theodore A. Penland, is ex
pected to be released from Barnes
General hospital in a few days.
His attending physician said Pen
land, 101, was under treatment
for a heart ailment
Ifln. Preclp.
M trace
M M
M trace
S3 trace
SI 42
Salem
Portland
San Francisco
Chicajro
7
(3
New York
Willamette river 1.4 feet.
FORECAST (from V-S. weather bu
reau. McNary field, Salem): Cloudy
this moraine, becoming partly cloudy
this afternoon and tonight. High today
near 1$ and low tonight near 62. Con
ditions favorable for most farm1 work
today.
f ALEJf PRECTPITATIOIf
This Year Last Year Normal
43.41 4LM M
12 PAGES
' .i
Q
mf'-'f
"'" -.. -Vi! tV".-
Mines Sink -Ships
Running
To Shanghai
HONG KONG, Wednesday. June
21 (P) Six men today were re
ported still missing in the sinking
of two ships which hit mines Mon
day while trying to run the Chin
ese Nationalist blockade of Com
munist Shanghai.
The reports came direct from
Shanghai to the Hong Kong own
ers of the two ships. Officers and
all crewmen of both vessels were
Chinese.
First reports had said as many
as 15 men might have been lost in
the twin sinkings which were con
firmed yesterday by the British
Royal Navy.
The navy was checking on a re
port that more than SO survivors
of the two ships had been picked
up by one of its patrol craft
Alarmed, three Hong Kong
shippers immediately cancelled
sailings to the communist port,
Two British ships now in Shang
hai were ordered to stay there
until the river approaches to the
port are cleared.
Outing Mishap
Claims Three
MEDFORD, June 20-(VTwo
sisters and their uncle drowned
yesterday in a fishing accident in
the Big Applegate river, 15 miles
west of here.
Two others were rescued.
The victims were Roberta Elaine
Schnack, 6, and her sister, Eliza
beth Ann, 8, both of Medford, and
Carl A. Walters of Beverly Hills,
Calif.
Walters gave up his life In res
cuing Mary Madeline Schnack, 11.
Margaret Schnack, 9, was pulled
from the river by another fisher
man. Walsh Handed Loss
In This Election
COOS BAY, June 20-UP)-Wil-liam
Walsh, president of the Ore
gon senate, suffered an election de
feat here yesterday.
He lost to John Nelson, insur
ance man, a race for a five-year
term on the Coos Bay school board.
The vote was 163 to 112.
Farrow Recalled to Fill
Civil Defense Position
Announcement that Lt CoL
Claud G. Farrow, Portland, has
been ordered back to active state
military duty, came from the gov
ernor's office Tuesday.
He will fill the newly created
post of state - supervisor of the
Oregon civil defense agency's
ground observer corps.
Selection of Farrow followed a
conference here last week attend
ed by Gov. Douglas McKay, Ma.
Gen. Thomas E. Bilea and Louis
E. Starr, state director of the civil
defense agency. The stipulated
period of active duty was SO days.
Farrow was assigned to air de
fense when he served with the
41st division in the Padiie Thea-
The Oregon Statesman, Salem, Oregon, Wednesday," June- 21,
, - ' 'm 1 '
Work Begins
On Marion
Street Span
Work on the first of five piers
for the new Willamette river
bridge here wsa underway Tues
day. First crews for contractor Lee
Hoffman, Portland, are working
on the west bank of the river
where a 25-ton floating derrick,
other heavy equipment, materials
and field office have been loca
ted. '
The work site is a block north
of the present Center street
bridge. The hew span entering
Salem on Marion street is a state
highway project and part of a
new through traffic system for
Salem.
J. A, Troxell is superintendent
for the initial bridge building
work awarded to Hoffman on a
bid of $246,570. Troxell, who
lives in Portland, has just fin
ished bossing a railroad bridge
construction project at Richland,
Wash.
Of the five piers, two will be In
the river proper, Hwo others at
water's edge on either side and
the fifth one on the east bank.
The state expects to call for bids
on further construction this fall.
Love Cburse
Never Smooth
CAT.T1WFT.T.. Mahn .Tun 9ftSk
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Rri?anr nf
Arock, Ore., were married in Cald-
1 ar ... a
weu memorial pars.
As the hpst man. FrvTn f.arriinn-
of Caldwell, stepped forward to
nana ring xo ine minister, tie laint-
ea. ine 129 guests searched
tnrougn the grass for the ring,
They couldn't find it
Gardiner was revived. The ring
was in nis pocket.
Th Wririln9 nrenaraffnna wero
n't without incident. The bride, the
fftrmr Vivian Ml RntM nf Arnlr
------- - - . - " V - WW,
found the zipper on her wedding
gown was jammea. Her mother had
to sew me aress on.
Recall Fails in North
Bend Special Vate
NORTH BEND, Ore., June 20
UP)- Voters refused to recall
school board member in a special
election here yesterday.
Ernest Frye was kept on the
board by a vote of 354 to 332, the
biggest vote in local school dis
trict history.
The 1 recall developed over the
board's failure to re-hire Coach
Victor Adams who has since sign'
ed at LaGrande.
tre during World War II. He is
now ex-offlcio commanding offi
cer of the Oregon National guard's
142nd aircraft control and warn
ing souadron.
James A. Pryde. chief of the
Washington state patrol and civil
defense . director of his state.
would assist as a consultant in the
final phases of the activation cf
Oregon's oground observation and
air raid warning systems.
Governor McKay ordered the
activation last. February in com
pliance with a request by Secre
tary of Defense Louis Johnson.
Similar programs are being set up
by the states of Washington and
California. "
Retirement Rolls Increased
NW Rivers
Portland Area
Appears Safe
As Crest Nears
By The Associated Press
The Kootenai river battered
down three small dikes in northern
Idaho yesterday and continued its
ominous rise.
And in the Canadian provice of
British Columbia, scores of sol
diers and civilians fought the
snow-fed Fraser river. It threat
ened to burst through an old flood
gate and sweep across 1,500 acres
of crop land in the Fraser valley.
Both streams Inched upward to
ward the heights they reached in
the disastrous flood of 1948.
The Kootenai tore open protec
tive dikes north of Bonners Ferry.
t rolled over 350 acres of farming
land. Flood workers estimate an
other 300 acres are covered by
water seeping through the dikes
Two families were evacuated with
out difficulty.
Reaches 3Z.7 Feet
The Kootenai reached the 32.7-
foot level at Bonners Ferry late
yesterday.
A 10-year-old child toppled into
flood water near Mission, B.C., and
was drowned. It was the first flood
fatality in the province.
Floods have taken the lives of
four persons in Washington state.
Near Portland the Columbia was
giving trouble. Lowlands have
been under water for several
weks. An auto racing track in
north Portland was flooded. Ships
on the Willamette river are pro
ceeding slowly to avoid wave ac
tion on dikes.
Bridge Threatened
In eastern Washington, the Co
lumbia was rising to a point where
t could cause damage. A bridge
near Richland, Wash., is threaten'
ed and trailer homes near the Han'
ford atomic plant were being mov
ed from low-lying grounds.
The Dalles-Celilo canal has been
closed since Sunday by the high
water, the corps of enginers dis
closed today.
Elmer Fisher, weather bureau
forecaster, said the Columbia
would crest Thursday in the Port
land-Vancouver area under 25 feet.
Flood stages at Vancouver Is 15
feet, but dikes protect up to 32
feet.
Fisher expects 24.6 feet at Van
couver and 24.2 at Portland. The
river will stay at that level three
days, he said. He descrobed the
situation as favorable, barring un-
forseen weather conditions.
Acheson Rates
Defense Tops
WHITE SULPHUR SPRINGS,
W. Va., June 20-P)-Secretary of
State Acvheson was reported to
have told the nation's governors
today the top American project is
an effective defense of Europe.
Acheson spent more than two
hours behind closed doors with the
state executives after vigorously
defending his department In an
earlier public session against
charges by Senator McCarthy (R
Wis) that the agency is infested
with communists.
In the open session he stood up
for his associates as a "good clean
loyal outfit" that has eliminated
its own subversive threats.
Also in the open session he call
ed for support of President Tru
man's "point four" program for
export of know-how to help tinder-developed
areas better them
selves.
And he declared that an over
all program such as the Marshall
plan will not work in the Orient
because of its varying problems.
Departing from a prepared ad'
dress, though he followed its gen
eral tenor, the secretary said that
in the far east "point four" ex
perts in health, agriculture and
other fields will be "great apostles,
great spreaders of democracy.
REVIEW FORMOSA POLICY
WASHINGTON, June 20 -tfV
The administration was reported
tonight to be reviewing Its For
mosa policy to see whether major
steps should be taken to prevenl
that strategic island's fall to the
Chinese communists.
WKSTEXX rVTEKN ATION At. '
j At Salem 11. Vancouver 1
At Trl-Oty-Victoria. rain.
At Wenatcbee-Spokane. rain. (
At Yakima 9. Tacoma S. 1
COAST LEA G UK '
.At Portland 2. Seattle 4
At Hollywood 2. San Francisco 1
At San Diego S, Sacramento
At Oakland IS. Loa Anselea X .
NATIONAL LKAGLK
At New York 3. St. Louis J
At Brooklyn 8. Cincinnati X
At Boston S, Chicago 4 (IS inn.)
At Philadelphia 7. PlttSBurga S
AMERICAN LEAGUE
At Cleveland S. New York
At Detroit 2, Washington 4 , ;
At Chicago 3, Boston S
At St. Louto U fbUadiilBfaia
1950
H
Judy Garland Fails
In Suicide Attempt
HOLLYWOOD, June 20 - UP) -
Despair over career troubles
drove Judy Garland to attempt
suicide by s1 ashing her throat
with the shattered edge of a wat
erglass, her studio disclosed today.
The troubled star is resting un
der the care of her prysician, who
calls the wound "very minor." No
sti es were taken.
Here's how her studio, MGM,
told the story:
'Miss Garland had been under
nervous strain since Saturday
when she was suspended for fail
ing to report for work. Last even
ing at six she was hashing out the
problem at her home above the
Sunset strip. Present were hus
band. Director Vincent Minelli,
her manager, Carlton Alsop, and
her secretary. Myrtle Tully.
The actress became hysterical
and dashed out of the room.
Locking herself in the bathroom,
Tunnel Cave-in Kills
Silver (Falls Worker
Statesman News Service
SILVERTON, June 20 Harold R. Taylor, 28, Silverton construc
tion worker, was killed about 3:20 p.m. today when he apparently
smothered in a cave-in below a .water reservoir in Silver Falls state
park.
Taylor was digging out a broken
water pipe below the reservoir in
the Smith creek youth camp area
when the top of the tunnel col
lapsed and buried him. Three other
workers were in the tunnel but
escaped injury; They dug out Tay
lor in 20 minutes and applied arti
ficial respiration but he apparent
ly was dead when brought to the
surface.
The victim was an employe of
the state park system and had
been doing repair work in the area
during the past month. He was
about nine feet below the ground
when trapped.
Workers who escaped injury
were A. 1 acnmiat, aiayron;
Francis Danielson, 698 N. Cottage
St., Salem; and Bert Lund, 1395 S.
High st. Salem, State police offi
cers and Marion County Coroner
Leston D. Howell investigated the
accident. A Stayton physician of
ficially pronounced Taylor dead at
4:50 p.m.
Taylor, who lived at the old
CCC barracks on Silverton star
route, came to Oregon about three
years ago. He was born April 19,
1922. in Chicago. ILL Survivors in
clude his widow and a son, Mich
ael, both of Silverton;: his father,
Harold Taylor, Turner, and a bro
ther, Richard Taylor, serving wrin
the U.S. navy.
Funeral services will be arrang
ed by the Ekman funeral home
here.
Johnson Tours
Tokyo Bases
TOKYO, Wednesday, June 21-
UP- Defense Secretary Johnson
inspected the great Yokosuka nav
al base today and John Foster
Dulles returned to Tokyo to dis
cuss a Japanese peace treaty with
General MacArthur.
Many American military men
want the United States to retain
the Yokosuka installations as well
as other bases in Japan after a
peace is signed.
Dulles was greeted at the air
port on his arrival from Korea by
MacArthur. Mrs. MacArthur and
William J. Sebald, acting U. S. po
litical adviser for Japan.
The question of American bases
In Japan ties in a peace treaty
with the American defense posi
tion in the far east main an
nounced reason for the Johnson
Bradley visit.
Mrs. PerkinG Ends Nation-Wide Tour
To Visit ex-GI
By Winston H. Ttyler ,
Aaaiitant City Editor. The Statesman'
TTIarMv ImnmnMl with;' Amr
leans and their hospitality and al
ready creaming of another uip
here in in xunire, son. Amy r-er-k-ina
Af Australia was back in Sal
em Tuesday after touring the U.S.
to see many ox the ex-uu sne naa
met in Brisbane during the war.
Wrt Perkins will be her until
Monday, visiting with Mrs. John
A. Starr, 1455 Marion st, then will
go to Portland for two days with
her niece and her husband, Mr.
and Mrs. William uentson, ionner
ly of Salem. Bentson is a son of
Mrs. Starr.
4l at VanifimrM H-C
she wBl board the Canadian-Pao-
PRICE Se
ammer
she broke a drinking glass and
rubbed the sharp edge aaginst her
throat.
"Minelli ran to the door and
begged her to open it. She turned
the lock and appeared before him,
weeping and remorseful. Dr.
Francis Ballard treated the act
ress and declared the wound was
superficial. He said it was caused
by an 'impulsive, hysterical act.' "
Later today. Miss Garland was
still sleeping and reporters were
not permitted to see her.
At first, Minelli denied the
whole affair, even to studio sour
ces. But when newsmen appeared
at the massive pink alabaster
mansion on Sunset boulevard, the
studio convinced him that the sto
ry' should be made public. Miss
Garland had been moved from the
couple's other home on a hillside
above the strip to the boulevard
mansion.
Bridges Files
Appeal Notice
OnRevocation
SAN FRANCISCO, June 2b-(JP)-Federal
Judge George B. Harris
today signed a formal decree re
voking the U. S. citizenship of
Harry Bridges convicted in April
of making a false statement in his
1945 naturalization proceedings.
But the longshore leaders' law
yers immediately filed notice of
appeal. Judge Harris said this au
tomatically postponed Bridges' re
verting to alien status while the
appeal was in the courts.
Meanwhile, Bridges cannot be
deported to his native Australia.
Bridges, head of the big CIO
International Longshoremen's and
Warehousemen's union, was con
victed last April 4 of falsely swear
ing at his 1945 naturalization hear
ing that he was not and never had
been a communist.
He was sentenced to five years
imprisonment but is free on bail
pending appeal.
judge ueorge a. Harris, who
presided over Bridges' trial, last
week issued a memorandum opin
ion, stripping Bridges of his UJS.
citizenship. Today, Judge Harris
signed the formal order.
Norman Leonard, filed notice of
appeal. He contended the federal
district court has no power to re
voke his client's citizenship, since
the April conviction Is under ap
peal to higher courts.
Mother of 163
Dies of Old Age
OREGON CITY, June 20
Josephine, mother of 163,
-CP)
sue-
climbed to old age Friday.
The news was a little late get
ting around. But Josephine in her
lifetime wasnt.
Once she got around too much
and was caught by a trip. Her
rescuers called her Napoleon.
Then Napoleon had kittens and
became known as Josephine.
The cat Josephine lived happily
at the home of Mrs. Bertha Surfus
here. Her age, at death, was reck
oned at 15 V4.
Friends off War Years
ific liner Aorangl for the 21-day
trip home.
Back home, she plans to tell the
Australian-American association
of her experiences here, for it was
through that group's hospitality
program she met the soldiers.
Since leaving Salem last Octob
er, Mrs. Perkins has visited as far
south as New Orleans and as far
east as Boston with 40 men with
whom she has corresponded. She
also saw many others whom she
had met "down under." , .
. One of the delightful experien
ces, she stressed, was to talk with
many Australian war brides, who
were happy to get news direct
from home. She reported she found
them "very happy, though home
No. 85
Dikes
Ten Million
More Eligible
In Senate Bill
WASHINGTON, June 20-F)-The
senate passed a bill early to
night adding 10,000,000 persons to
old age retirement rolls, sharply
increasing benefits and easing el- '
igibility rules. I
The vote was 81 to 2, with only -Senators
Cain (R-Wash) and But
ler (R-Neb) voting no.
The final vote came after the
senate had raised from the pres
ent $3,000 to $3,600 the amount of
pay on which old age benefit tax
es are levied. That virtually as
sures a $9 yearly boost in the
contribution from higher paid
workers and their employers, plus
greater benefits for such workers.
. The change in the old age tax
base carries a boost to $80 a
month in maximum retirement
benefits.
Benefits Up S Per Cent ,
Those blanketed intq the old
age and sur Ivors insurance sys
tem are generally self-employed
persons such as operators of small
businesses, and domestic and
farm workers.
Under t ie senate measure ben
efits for those now retired go up
by 85 to 90 per cent, and those for
workers retiring in the future are
nearly doubled. i
Fewer calendar quarters of cov- :
ered employment are required for
benefit eligibility, making it eas
ier for older persons to qualify.
A similar measure was 'passed
by the house last year but many
differences in the measures will
have to be worked out in confer
ences. Strong Backing
The bill, a key part of the ad
ministration's domestic program,
had strong backing from both
democrats and republicans.
The senate, however, today di
rected its finance committee to
make a thorough - stud:- of the
whole social security set-up with
a view to general revision. Most
senate backers of the present bill
described it as a stop-gap to serve
until that can be done. A number
of senators plumped for a pay-as-you-go
system instead of the
present plan of paying benefits
out of a reserve built up by em
ploye and employer contributions.
Provision Blocked
Before passage the senate re
fused by voice vote to make pro
vision for total and permanent
disability benefits.
It also refused to go along with
a house provision, deleted by th
senate finance committee, to con
tinue the present system of add
ing to a worker's basic retirement
benefit for each year of covered
employment. :
At present an individual's basic
benefit is increased by 1 per cent
for each such year. The house cut
this increment in half, and the
senate committee cut it all out.
Amendment Approved
Sponsors argued that it would
be only fair to provide higher
pensions for workers who have
contributed longer, but Chairman .
George (D-Ga) of the finance
committee said he feared the cost
would overburden the system.
The senate approved by voice
vote an amendment under which
the federal government would
share 'with the states in the cost
of assistance payments to rela
tives or other caretakers of de
pendent children.
A similar provision is in the
house bill. The additional cost to
the child care program was estiju
mated at $75,000,000 a year.
Summer to Start
To Start Cloudy
Summer begins' at 4:37 (DST)
today and the weather bureau
says it will be the longest day of
the year 15 hours and 42 minutes
between sunrise and sunset.
Weathermen say the first part
of the day will be cloudy with
the afternoon only "partly' cloudy.
Temperatures will range to 76 and
drop to 52. i
sick at times.
"I could never have believed a
person could have such wonder'
fill trip," saidi Mrs. Perkins. Eh
praised the hospitality and the)
friendliness all over the country.
Having made many new friends
in the UJS. on this trip, she la
worried now about the correspon
dence situation, since all her spare) -time
was spent in writing friends
even before she came over here, i
Mrs. Perkins came to Salem last
summer , with her niece, who was
returning from a visit home. AU
to take only a small amount el
money from her country, ah
worked in a Salem cannery until
she was able to buy bus ticket
and take cart of other expenses. ,