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"Wo rator Sway 17. No Fear Shall Awe"
Irons first Statesman, filarca 18. 1851 i i
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY !
CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher ' J
Entered at the postofflea at Satem, Oregon, ai second class matter under act of congress Blarch S, 187
4 ruUlahed every morning. Business office US 8. Commercial. Salem. Oregon. Telephone 2-244 L
Joe Alsop on Our China Policy
Today we devote our editorial columns to re
printing the letter written by Joseph Alsop to
Senator Ty dings, chairman of- the subcommit
tee investigating the charges of Senator Mc
Carthy of communist penetration, .of the state
department. Alsop, who with his brother Stew
art is a regular contributor to The Statesman, v
by virtue -of his own wartime service in China
Is .able to report competently on the develop
ment of American policy toward China. His
testimony directly repudiates the McCarthy ac-
cusation that state department policy toward)
i China was shaped by pro-communists.
This letter is most revealing and, is worth the '
careful study of all who have been concerned ,
over the integrity of our state department.
Dear Senator Ty dings: - " -
After Ion hesitation, I am impelled by the ap
palling effects In Europe of the McCarthy witch
hunt to offer my testimony to your committee, for?
what it may be worth. - ,
I do so for two reasons. First I have already
' sharply criticized the conduct of our affairs in China 1
on several' occasions. Second, I was intimately in
volved In the events which led to the loss of China.!
whereas Senators McCarthy, Wherry and Taft and ;
their informants are, offering second-hand evidence.
This, evidence Is so obviously corrupted by political
and other pressures that It is a duty to correct the
Impression conveyed. --:
Stating the case as briefly as possible. X think it
fair to say that the really crucial years in China
-were those when Gen. JosepB Wj Stillweli com
manded the China-Burma-India theater, from 1942
until 1944. In this period, Professor Lattimore, who
was always at best a fringe figure, played his most ,
Important role In our China policy, as personal ad
viser to Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek; In this
, rather brief assignment, he accomplished nothing,
but he was-quite obviously loyal both to'theAmer
Scan government and to Generalissimo Chiang.
Lattimore Had No Part .
Professor Lattimore had no 'part whatever in the
real debate about China policy, in which the dif-
' ferent points of view have been fantastically mis
represented by Senator McCarthy and his friends.
No Informed person ever supposed that offering
blank checks to the national government of China
would accomplish anything. Those who advocated
a-ifrong policy of aiding the National government
only did so with the proviso that the aid given
. would be closely controlled by American represen
tatives on the spot, as it was during the short and
successful period of General Wedemeyer's com-"
mand. It should be noted that the. congressional
advocates of posl-war-aid to China specifically re-
!etted the responsibility involved in this sort of
ocal on-the-spot control in the first major bill ap-
Eropriating funds 'for the purpose during General
larshall's period as secretary of state. -BUlwell
Foe ef Chiang V
Returning to the vastly more important war pe- '
riod, the other school of thought was composed pri
marily of General Stilwell and his political Advisers.
General Stilwell, so far as one "could Judge"; was
chiefly animated by his personal detestation of Gen
: eralissimo Chiang, arising from their disagreements.
His political advisers, among whom was Mr. John -Stewart
Service, were operating on a more reason
ed theory, however. t
, They asserted, first, that the National government
was too feeble and corrupt ever to be" reformed,'
even With direct American help and under direct
American pressure. They said, second, that the
Chinese communists were therefore bound to win in
the end, no matter what measures might be taken
by the United States. In the third place, they argu-
, ed that the Soviet Union, in so far as it had in
, tervened in China at all, had given all its assistance
. to the regime of Generalissimo Chiang rather than
: to the Communists, who received no tangible Rus
sian aid whatever until the war was over. Fourthly,
they suggested that the Chinese1 Communists might
be induced to declare their independence of the
Kremlin if they were treated as friends and allies
to the United States. f ; t -Ci
Opening friendly relations and offering aid to the
Chinese Communists was frankly admitted, at the
time. 1 to be a bold gamble. The gamble now looks
better than It did then. On the one hand, the Yugo
alar Communists, whose experience was precisely
what the experience of the Chinese Communists
would have been if they had received American
old, have now rebelled against the Kremlin. On the :
" other hand, the recent behavior on the Japanese
Communist leader, Nosaka, a war-time refugee at
Venan and Intimate friend of Mao Tse Tung, clearly
suggests that the idea of independence of the Krem
lin must have been in the air in Communist China
In war time. " ,.
Also Gives iWCredeBtlaU" v
My right to speak, if I may be said to have a right
, to speak, derives from the fact that in war time. I
. was one of the chief American opponents of the
school of thought I have summarized above. As a
member of the staff of the American Volunteer
Group, as chief of the-lend-lease mission to China,
and finally as an assistant to Dr. T. V. Soong, I did'
everything in my power to present the pro-Nationalist
point of view in influential quarters la Wash-"
Sunshine and Chemicals Mixed Can Bring
On Tanned Skin Troubles, Doctor Warns
tag ton. Those who wished to develop an American
policy of friendship toward and aid to the Chines
Communists were finally and decisively defeated
with the dismissal of General Stilwell in October,
1944- This occurred many months after I had final
ly succeeded in getting into uniform, as a member
of Gen. C. L. Chenault's staff in the Fourteenth air
force. But although I had long before become a
mere junior officers In the air force, the effect of
my letters to Harry I Hopkins and the other rep
resentations I had made was acknowledged by im
plication in General Marshall's first instructions to
General Wedemeyer. j , i V
These are, jso to speak, my credentials. Having
known the situation . in war-time. China far mora
intimately than any of the pro-McCarthy witnesses
you have yet heard, I think it my duty: to say that
while I disputed the judgment. I never had the
faintest doubt of the loyalty of any of the American
officials or others whom McCarthy has attacked.
They were serving the United States to the best of
their ability, with courage and fidelity. This should
be sufficient to protect them from the kind of vul
gar attack McCarthy has made, even if their judg
ment was incorrect. ; ; .
Communist use Mot Followed '
Although our views clashed so sharply, I was
particularly well 'acquainted with Mr. Service. To
the best of my knowledge, although I thought then
and think now that he was gravely in error, he was
a most conscientious and decent American public
servant. It is difficult, of course, to offer hard evi
dence to support such contemporary impressions.
But I may cite one fact, at least, to show how erron
eous it can be to" judge situations from the view
point pt a later time. Former Vice President Henry
A. Wallace has been. In effect, a pliable stooge for
the American Communist party for more than two
years. From this, many people have inferred that
Wallace was a communist stooge in war time. In
fact,' however, nothing could have been more con
trary to the party line in war ume;tnan to urge me
dismissal of General Stilwell, yet Wallace recom
mended the dismissal of Stilwell and his replace
ment by Wedemeyer in a telegram from China :to
President Roosevelt in the late spring of 1944. In
cidentally, the telegram was sent with the full.
knowledge of Mr. John Carter Vincent, who enter
ed no protest whatever, although he tod has been
under attack as a communist stooge.
Blames Debacle on Lack of Policy
In conclusion, there are two points which I feel
I must make. First, I do not think I was wrong in
opposing the policy of gambling on winning the
friendship of the Chinese Communists and inducing .
them to declare their independence of the Kremlin.
I do not think I was wrong, simply because I and .
the others who took the same view could not pos
sibly foresee that when this policy of winning ihe
-friendship of the Chinese Communists had been de
feated with the dismissal of General Stilwell. there
would be a long period after the war during which
"we had no China policy at all. None of, the -men
now Tinder attack by Senator McCarthy had any
Important responsibility, to my knowledge, for this
singular hiatus. Speaking for myself, if I could have
foreseen i that the only alternative to a policy of
gambling on the friendship of the Chinese Com
munists was a kind of vacuum of policy, I should
have been on the other side in the struggle In China.
The gamble on the Chinese Communists, although
unnecessary, in my opinion, was at least a reason
able gamble, such as could be reasonable advocated
by entirely loyal Americans. i c
Secondly, I should like to suggest to your com-
mittee that if the test of loyalty is following the
line of the communist party, you had much better .
launch an Investibation of Senators McCarthy,
Wherry and Taft than an investigation of Messrs.
Lattimore, Service and Vincent. Let ihe test be a .
tabulation of the key votes of the three, senators
above mentioned on the great post-war measures of
. foreign policy, and especially of their votes on key
amendments by which bills can be nullified. Unless
I am gravely mistaken, such a tabulation will show .
that these three senators, and most of the others
who have joined them in the present clamor, have
voted the straight Communist party line on every
major issue of foreign policy, as laid down in "The
Daily Worker," ever since the end of the war. If
temporary agreement with the party line, is to bo
made the test of loyalty, let these men be called to
the bar, to explain their records.
Senate Critics Have More to Explain
In summary, I do not attempt to excuse, or pal
liate the grave American mistakes in China, which
I have often before denounced, but I submit that
we may as well abandon, all hope of having honest -and
courageous public servants, if mere mistakes of
judgment are later to be transformed into evidences
of disloyalty to the state. And I submit further that -the
members of the senate who are now persecut
ing these men . who made, as I think, mistakes In
China, have far more to explain, excuse and ration
alize in their own records. I still believe that the
loss of China was unnecessary, but I, think it far
more important that we should not destroy the de
cent traditions of American political life. These now
seem to bo endangered.
J Very sincerely yours,
. . i JOSEPH ALSOP,
Paris, May 4, 1950.
HJCDOXlCa
(Continued from page 1)
ueiYioiaynans
Installation at
TempleMonday
James Stewart will be installed
as master councillor of Chemeke-
ta chapter. Order. , DeMolay.
Monday In I p. m. ceremonies: at
the Masoni temple. I
' Others to be installed are senior
councillor. Robert McCoavule:
jun' r councillor, Richard Lewis;
senior deacon. James Todd; junior
deacon. Douglas Raines; chaplain,
Kent Bradshaw; marshal, Gary
Jones; senior steward, Walter Wil
son; junior steward, James Darby,
jr.; standard bearer, Harold Hew
itt.
Sentinel, Lee Genteman; almon
er, Richard Reay; orator. Gilbert
Bateson; preceptors, James Kleen.
Robert Doughton, Jack Ramseyer,
Glenn Benner, William Maude,
William Nelson and Fred Bucha
nan.
Robert Meaney will be installing
Officer assisted by Louis Lorenz,
Jr., James Rock, Howard 'Wilson,
uoya namion and Robert Wiper,
James Cirby, jt- is dad ad
visor for the chapter. - Members
will present a degree in honor of
their mothers. The chanter re
ported that past and present De
Molay mothers are invited.
ber of Capital post 9, American
Legion, which will conduct ritual
istic, services - at : the graveside
Monday, and of the Congregatioo
al church. i
Surviving, besides the widow,
are a daughter, Sally Jane Smith, ,
Salem; a son, Joseph Eugene
Smith, Salem; his parents, Mr.
and Mrs. .Bert Smith, Salem; a
sister, Mrs. William Beckwith,
Indianapolis, Ind.; his grandfath
er, James P. Tucker, Salem; and
several aunts and uncles.
Services t
Election etceteras ... Statesman staffers out gathering vote
totals Friday night came back;' stiff in several joints ... seems
that at several-polling places counting boards, before going
r.
ill A
home, posted precinct , results in awkward
places ... on bottom of doors frinstance . . .
reporters said they had to stand on their, heads
or belly the. floor to copy totals . . . usual num
ber (about 20) election boards, brought city
ballot boxes to courthouse instead of city hall
. . . unusual number of voters who had moved
from their pld precincts and attempted to vote
; V I for first timeji voters' addresses are included on
JliJr A 1 poll books . . county clerk's office busy all
l ... election days answering calls? from would-be
balloters confused by'cards democrats passed out here attempting-
to tell citizens what precincts they were in J . . clerk's phone
(and nerves) also jangling with calls from voters who couldn't
find their right precincts and ivice versa.
Marion County Clerk Horlan Judd, on a t?iumb - nail -4
puess, estimates that about $S per cent oj registered voters
went to the polls this time Instead of going fishing or vis-
iting the folks . ; . Judd' considers this low turnout Com
pared with some other yeafs.
i ' ' " ; ' I ' ' '
County election board has one of city's election ballot boxes
. ; and can't give it up ... county sends out two boxes to
each, precinct with printed instructions to election boards to
place voted ballots and stubs "in smaller, box" . . . well, this
year, city's lonei ballot box to each precinct happened to be
smaller than either county box . so, obeying instructions to
letter, board of at least one precinct put ballots in "smaller box"
which was city's and also wrong one.
Well, the shooting and shouting is over . .-. if you see
a male picture, in paper now you can be sure it is once more
chairman of drive for destitute candidates, visiting business
man or club speaker . . . radio spots will once more deal
. with tooth-paste, tobacco, merchandise and garden tools ...
street cleaners will be back to sweeping old papers and
other debris from gutters . . . if a stranger hails you on
street now and shakes your hand, he's probably looking for
a hkndout ... end successful nominees will be rehashing
old speeches rephrasing their best promises 'for the whole
thing over again in November. .
The Safety Valve
did not seem to be as effective as
usual, probably because he took
the wrong stance. He denounced
the "smear campaign of his op
position. The Hoover campaign
was bitter, even vicious, and
some of it badly; distorted. But
there was n personal smearing
by way of attacking Morse's
character or personal integrity.
The big battle will be over the
governorship and the legisla
ture. Governor McKay and Aus
tin Flegel will joust for 'ae form
er and that will be a spirited
contest. On the face of the re
turns the republicans appear' to
have nominated stronger candi-.
dates for legislative positions,
which gives ground for predic
tion that they will regain con
trol of the assembly. v
In spite of the greater demo
cratic registration in the state
it appears that more republicans
voted than ' democrats, even
though the democrats had a hot
contest for the nomination for
governor.
or
Floyd Smith
et Monday
Funeral services for Floyd
Earl Smith, 33, a native of Salem
who died Wednesday, will be at
2 o clock Monday afternoon from
the V. T. Golden chapeL
Dr. Seth Huntington will offi
date, with interment at City
cemetery.-
Smith, who had been ill for two
years, was born here Dec 23, 1916,
and graduated from Salem high
school in 1934. He was married in
1940 to Barbara Duncan, who
survives Jn Salem.
During World War II Smith
served 60 months in France and
Germany as a sergeant in the 70th
Truckers Ffle
o Reverse
and tax measures. Rejected was
the county levy for a health
building and the city levy for
airport improvements.
In Portland and Multnomah
county, voters were really tight
fisted. They did go for; the spe
cial levy for schools but rejected
the special levy for the county
(needed chiefly for welfare) and
two cits measures, one for an
income tax, the other for a spe
cial property tax. This puts both
city and county in a critical po
sition. The city will have to cur
tail some of its services or ex
tend the TSadly apportioned busi
ness i license tax. The county
seems disposed to appeal to the
legislature for relief but the as
' sembly will have its hands full
meeting existing and probable
state needs.
Voters In Salem and Marion
county were discriminating in
marking ballots on financial
measures. They approved the
levy for the courthouse and' Sa
lem voters approved five bond
, By Alton L. Rlakeslee
r Aaaociatcd Preaa Science Reporter
NEW YORK, May 20--Sun- -'Tanning
mixef' with aspirin or
sleep pills can cause skin trou-
We. - : '
So can exposure to the,sun
a Iter use of some perfumes hair
dyes, or permanent wave chemi
; 'cals. ' .'''C ' : '
These warnings come from Dr.
Herman Goodman, New York
sain specialist, as the sun- wor
shipping days return.1
lie tells of an actress who took .
sleeping pills. She acquired a An
tan, slowly and sensibly. But
then came the trouble. A net
work of -permanent blotches
broke out all over her tanned,
skin. !
The .culprit was coal tar che
micals in the sleep pills, Dr. -.
Goodman said. They also are
. contained in aspirin and some
other medicines. The skin of
some people becomes, sensitized ;
somehow to ultra-violet rays of
: the aim when they have taken
, such drugsr. Goodman said.
Permanent trouble Is rare. But
the drugs may cause, itching,
epecially about the eyes, or out-
breaks of fever blisters or cold -sores
upon exposure to the sua.
' Stay out of the sun when
you're ill, or if you have just
taken such medicines, the der
"TRaatoloist advises.
And, he says, be careful about '
sun-bathing after using some
perfumes, the ultraviolet rays
can react with tiny amounts of
copper in the perfume, causing
darkening and blotching of any
area dabbed with perfume. The
copper comes from ingredients
in the perfume that were stored
or prepared in copper contain
ers or coils. It speeds up the
sun's tanning or burning reac
tion on the skin. ;
Bleaches, dyes, and ome che
micals in permanent waves may
cause, the same fast reaction.
Hair may over-bleach, or hairs
may be damaged and break off
close to the scalp. '
. o o
. Dr. Goodman also sounds the
annual warning ' against too
much sun. too fast. Over-exposure
to the sun can kill, or
make you HL Go slow during the
first days. Fifteen minutes is
enough for the first day. Keep
turning, like a roast on a spit
The sun also can kill or injure
through night-time accidents.
r Too much sunlight makes the
eyes less sensitive to light, and
makes seeing more difficult at
night, Drs. Robert Peck ham and
Robison - D. Harley of Temple
University point cut.
There can bi added danger in
driving home at night after a
day at the beach, unless bathers
have worn sun glasses.
They made tests with Atlantic
no sun glasses. One third wore
glasses that let through 35 to 50
per cent of the visible light. The
others wore dark glasses that
let through only 10 to 15 per
cent of the visible light.-
The loss of light sensitivity,
they said, can be prevented or
reduced by wearing dark glass
es that let through only 10 per
cent of light. ,
The light sensitivity lost dur
ing a day .was recovered over
night . early I during the season,
they said. But by. mid-summer,
"the unprotected men and those,
wearing commercial glasses of
high (light) transmission, failed
to regain their retinal sensitivity
vernight.M
Dr. Peckham also made studies
of sharpness of vision in people
wearing expensive and Inex
pensive sun glasses.
"The most expensive types of
sun glass lenses are not superior
to the cheapest types with re
gard to the sharpness of seeing,
he said. "In fact, no method com
mercially practiced has, in itself,
any inferiority with - regard to
sharpness of vision. "
Sun glass wearers are warn-,
ed not to look directly at the'
sun, because the tun's rays can
burn holes: in the retina of the
eye, nor to wear sun glasses
while driving cars at night.
Ceurt IJonse Site . f
To the Editor:
One of the most sensible pro
posals regarding the location the
new court house appeared lately
in the Safety Valve. The writer
suggested the new building, as
planned, would harmonize with
the post office building's archi
tecture, and should face eastward
rather than westward toward
High;-, street and a medley of
business structures, leaving park
ing strips facing both: State and
Court streets for the use of coun
ty officers and noted guests. !j -
. This plan affords several great
advantages, also, in that the
present noted sfructure of French
Colonial design may, by re-arrangement
of its interior and by
fire-proofing, remain for the en
joyment of future generations. It
could be used either as a memo
rial museum where patrons could
sit in comfort while scanning the
names of Marion's heroes, in
scribed on inner walls of the
second story; while the ground "
floor could -be rearranged for '
comfort and waiting rooms for
out-of-town guests, with a suit
able restaurant concession that
would pay for proper care of this
central meeting place for visit
ors: The upper floor could be us
ed for veterans meetings, as is
provided in the Multnomah coun
ty court house.
. An alternate - plan would In
volve, the purchase of. the
building and the " - west : half '
of - the block i by the city i of
Salem for a much more attrac
tive and convenient city hall than
the present one provides. This
could be paid for partly by sale
of the building at High and Che
meketa streets.' This alternate
plan would be of great conveni
ence to all parties having busi
ness with both county and city
offices, and would afford quick
er service for fire-fighting ap-.
paratus using the ground floor.
While either of these plans
would require some expense in
remodeling the interior, yet it
might be less than the cost, of
removing the old building. . If
real economy still provides' the
"Greatest good for the greatest
number," then the freeholders of
Marion county should have a
voice in the selection of a site
for the new building' and In the
disposition of . the old Court
House. ' '
May . I propose that the Press
of Marion county provide cus
tomer ballots for taxpayers, and
report their findings to the
Court House? -
Respectfully yours,
Joseph . Torbet,
' 961 Oak St.
(Editor's Note: The voters have
already cast a ballot on the site
of the courthouse. When the
building of a new courthouse was
approved a number of years ago
the present site Was authorized
as its location.)
ALL STEAMED UK
To the Editor: -.
I'm steamed up to a blow-off
point so thought I'd better pull
-The Safety Valve.' '
Lefs leave the Gestapo snoops
over the ocean! ".
J drove 30 miles yesterday and
had to stop three times and show
our courteous state and city po
lice my operators license.
. I think 111 paint a sign on the
side of my truck designating the
expiration date: M
Why not have the car tag and
operators license come due on
the same date.
C. L. Warner
4315 Macleay Rd.
For' some weeks the Monday
morning quarterbacks will be ap
praising the results of the state's
primary elections. But after a
brief lull eyes will be focused on
November 7th and preparations
begun for a heavy battle between
the two great parties.
LountyiSnd
Suit to overrule an Oregon pub
lic utilities commission order
clearing Russell E. Pratt, Salem,
doing brsess as Northern lines,
of other truckers charges was
filed Saturday in Marion county
circuit court by the nine trucking
firms. ! ; , -'.".-'."
The suit, brought by Asbury 1
Transportation compan. of Ore
goa, Inc., and eight other compan
ies, is against Commissioner Geor
ge H. Flagg. It alleges that the
PUC order of last February 28 is
"arbitrary, unreasonable, unlawful
and void" since it found Pratt's
actions were not intentional and
found his lease agreements were
valid.
The ! charges were originally
brought last August, - involving
Northern lines' interchange agree
ment with Helser Bros., Portland,
for trucking to the Detroit dam
site, which the -PUC hearing last
fall found was in effect for about
25 days and canceled when noti
fied by PUC that it was not legal.
They also concerned an equipment
lease . agreement with Weaver
Bros., Inc., Portland, which PUC
accepted. ---'-'
X
get
Board to Face
Wage Problem
Salaries of Marion county em
ployes and elected officials will
be among the first budget prob
lems to be confronted Monday as
the county budget committee be
gins its annual three-day delibera
tions. " ' -
Few departments have requested
pay raises, but others consider that
matter up to the committee.
It was understood that citizen
members .of the committee may
offer a recommendation concern
ing salaries for the elected offici
als, in order that any increases
would be included in the budget .
They could not be effective, how
ever, until sometime in 1951, since
the state legislature must approve
such salaries.
The requests of departments for
the fiscal year beginning July 1
total $3,171,916, which must be
pared by at least $105,113 to keep
within the legal 6 per cent limit
on increases. v
. The committee, which will con-'
vene at 10. a.m. (daylight saving '
time, includes members of the
county court plus A. C. Haag of
Salem, Manton Carl of Hubbard
and D. B. Hill of Mill City. Sit
ting Jn with them will be Rex
Hartley of Ankeny, who on July
1 will succeed HilL
2 Start building
her design for living
S),
w
thai growfl
with your Graduate
This is a proud commencement day for her. Her
dreams of a glowing, future may include a career
or homemaking or a happy combination of
the two. They are all bound, up with a rich and
gracious design for living ... a design that starts
with a single piece of Sterling ... a single place
i setting ... or a whole service of lovely, lifetime
treasures.
Never Say "Die"
Kids end up more noisy
And lively instead
When they start in to argue
Which one of them's "dead."
J.W5.
I I Wr
590 State Street
i
THE HOUSE OF FINE DIAMONDS
Diet 4-2223
Divided Payments No Extra Charge
1U
11 111
u a a iv' .
Lasting Spring Georgian Shell . Madeira
. Heirloom Whiting Towle
Grand 1 J Prelude Francis First
Co?11 International Reed & Barton
-Wallace
w v
4 0