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SHAKE-American Secretary f State Dean Acheson (left) COUNTERPOINT Sen. Chavez POINT-Sen.
is greeted by British Prime Minister Clement Attlee in Lon- .charges ex-Communist Louis his attack on
don just before the opening of the Big Three conference. Budenz uses cross , as a club, fluence" in
Qermany Is the Core
Of K Western Defense
i f- - i :
THE Big Three foreign ministers in London camevto agreement on a
policy ,of keeping West Germany an armed camp (frith occupation
tropps j as a precaution against possible Soviet aggression. Their deci
sion stresses for the first time the defensive nature of the occupation
fortes rather, than their supervisory police powers.
(Another result of the thre-day conference between America's
Secretary of Stajte Acheson, Britain's j
Ernest l Bevin and France's Robert
Schi'uman was uinanimity on holding
up ; negotiations ;for a German peace
treaty. The ministers said; in a com.
munique: ,
"In view of the continued refusal of
the1 Soviet govejrnment to permit in
habitants of thepr occupation zone to
; rejioin their fellow countrymen in a
democratic and j unified Germany, it
has not beeo possible, and will not be
as long as this Soviet policy persists,
to pf oceed td conclusion of a treaty of '
' peace with Gerrtiany."
- - - J , , To Relax Controls
: The Big "Three made it clear,, how
ever, that-, western Germany will be
fully integrated in to western Europe
- and gradually freed of controls as far
as i possible. It paid, the speed, with
wljieh controls are lifted wilf depend
in ! large . measure upon cooperation
shown by the Bonn government and
the progress of (Germans themselves
alpng"the road tb "true democracy.
:As soon as. the parley "foreign
miinisters concluded, the 12-nation
North Atlantic Council convened in
London.' Their big problem is to
bfrdge," the gap between what their
generals ask fo defense against com
munism and wl at their treasuries can
:aJTord ("''- . J
I The experts ?ere confronted by f his
dilemma: if they build and pay for a
. sijife number ojf gunls, wilL the gin
niaking bring fan economic privation
and provide fertile soil fox the seeds
of communism?) ;
. .. 0efense Plans.. --.'4' ,
Defense ministers and generals; of
the pact nationjs agreed a month ago
oiii ptan3 for large-scale rearmament,
-including a total ground force of 30
divisions, backed hy American and
. British airpowfr. ' - L
Reportedly ujnder consideration is a
proposal to enlarge the Atlantic pact
into a western defense and economic
organization td include, not only Ger
many, but possibly Sweden Turkey,
Greece and other nations.
' Command off
such a western de-
, I tense might be!
placed under an Amer-;
ican, presumably Gen. Omar Bradley,
presents chairman of the UJS. Joint
Chiefs of
Staff. Such a command
would replacel
the present five-nation
defense group headed
Brussels pact
by British Field Marshal Montgomery
Sidelights
In' Van Nuys, Calif., William Ma--gee,
103t a Ctyil War Veteran, indig
nantly moved out when his landlord
wouldn't let tyro keep a peKdog.
Expectant Greek mothers at first
wouldn't touch powdered -milk, sup
plied by the U.N. International Chil
dren's Emergency Fund. Reason: The
first two wonien who used it in the"
village of Poykastrbn had -twins.
The man who commanded Japa
nese Navy planes on the Pearl Har
bor raid met one of the Doolittle
fliers who made the first aerial attack
on Tokyo at a Testament League rally
in Osaka. The Japanese, former Capt
Mitsuo Fuchida, arid the American,
the Rev, jac(b Deshazer, both spoke
cn their conversion to Christianity.
Fuchida is noi a farmer and Deshazer,
former aerial gunner, is a missionary.
O In Seajtlt, the Robert Johnsons
weren't gettijig along. She wanted a
divorce; he djdn't. Johnson finally de
cided to take her back to their former
- home In Osakjis, Minn tied her up se
' curely and tossed her into the front
seat of his car. Rounding a curve, the,
trussed-up'wife fell against Johnson,
dislodging his hold on the wheel and
the car . rammed a parked vehicle.
Johnson " untied ?. his Injured wife,
called an ambulance for her, and then
was taken toi Jailtfor rafkless driving.
' O In New Vork City, Columbia Uni
.versity. students are going on radio
quii shows o raise money for Alma
Mater. One senior hit the jackpot on
'Break the Bank and turned over his
$2,155 winnings to a college scholar
ship drive, j "We've got the brain
power," saidj one Phi Beta Kappa sen
ior, "all we heed are tickets anxi luck."
. . . . . l- fl- 1
China
The Last Redoubt
' Time: one pf his few remaining as
sets appeared to be running out for
Generarissifflo Chiang Kai-shek and
his tottering Chinese Nationalist gov
ernment. , Chiang last week pledged to die de
fending Formosa if he eould not beat
back the C&inese Communist tide that
has inundated all of mainland China.
That same day his government offi
cially announced abandonment of the
Chushan Islands.. The announcement,
coming on the heels of vows by Na
tionalist commanders to defend "the
islands to the death, said 150,000
troops had been evacuated.
The Chushans were a vital defen
sive bastion for the Nationalists. From,
that base, 100 miles southeast of
Shanghai, an effective air and naval
blockade of the big Communist port
had been maintained. f
. I " '
! Empty Pockets
. In the: international field, the Na
tionalists dwindling coffers may bring
about what the Russians have failed
to accomplish by their boycott with
drawal of Nationalist delegates from
the United Nations.
"The Chinese Nationalists withdrew
May 5 from the World Health Organii
nation ( WHO), one of the most impor
tant of the U.N.'s specialized agencies.
. The Nationalists gave no official rea
son but it is believed Chiang had to;
cut expenses and could see no chance!
to raise the $1,000,000 his government
owes WHO for 1948, 1949 and 1950. :
." Another sicn that the. Nationalist
government may be pulling out is itsNJostATbund the Corner j
recent withdrawal from the general since the Federal Communications
agreement on tariffs and trade, drawn Commission announced a year agd it
m 1947 at Geneva. This was consid- was ready to consider commercial dp
ered a sort of companion agreement crations in coior television, research
w iue- Hcr ui -uk uiuhimuuimi
Trade
uituuiuu, uv uv.ns
formed.;
Soviet Walkouts Continue
Meanwhile, the Soviet Union, al
ready boycotting 22 U.N. bodies for
ther refusal to expel Chinese Nation
alktelegatesi walked out of three
morellastj week. They were the Sub
commission on Freedom of Inf orma-;
tion at Montevideo, the International
Postal Union at Montreaux! and the
Economic Commission for Asia and
the Far East at Bangkok. )
- Neither the U;N. nor any of its bod
ies can expel a member for non-payment
of assessments. The charter does
provide, however, that any member in
arrears two years on assessments shall
lose its vote in the General Assembly.
BABY
. , ,
ITfo W(1L
CONGRESS: Pro & Con on Omnibus Bills
THE House, coming up for air
after a solid month's grind at
tfte "one big package" appropria
tions bill to cover government op
erational expenses, long a dream, .
of Congressional reorganizes,
doesn't think much of the idea.
The .omnibus bill lumps together all
departmental appropriations .which
previously had been handled sepa
rately. In theory, it should give Con
gress a,.better picture of government
finances.
The Senate hasn't , had any first
hand experience with the bill yet but
soon will have its chance if it can get
by the filibuster on the FEPC isue.
House leaders suspect the Senate ill
cool off on the idea quickly. Here is
why. . ' : ". : -: I ,
Too Big,' Says House j
This year's bill totaled $29,000,0001,
000, ran to more than 400 printi'd
pages and it took the House more
than four tedious weeks to dispose
of it .- ' - ' "'. '
1 The main objections voiced by
House legislators are that the bill " is
unwieldy, that reductions . can't te
planned wisely, that it- takes too long
to consider, and that members lose
interest after a few 'days;'- 1 j
"It's a lemon," said Rep. John Tabjer
of New York, top Republican on the
Appropriations Committee.
"I doubt if we'll try it again."! said
Democratic leader John McCor
mack of Massachusetts.'
Quorum Difficulties )
That the House lost interest in the
bill long before actual voting started
was obvious. At times it was difficult
TV: The Dispute
and development have been prod-
in a under forced draft. . I -
Both principal coior competitors.
the Columbia- Broadcasting System
and the Radio Corporation of America,
of which the National Broadcasting
Co. is a subsidiary, have come put
with major developments since FCC
hearings opened in Washington last
September. I
Some industry sources how predict
color television will be on the market
within a year or less after the FCC
sets technical standards.
The 'Compatible' Factor
Cdlor telecasts under the RCA sys
tem are compatible that is, they can
be seen in black and white on present
sets with no alterations whatever.
Color telecasts In the CBS system
Ahxmmiof, tkHrndtlmium SWIf
SIUERS
McCarthy renews WET JINE-Two rescuers in search of Canadian flood" victims i BIG CHIEF-lnfallible campaign signs are big cigars, baby
"Communist in- invade a home near Winnipeg in their canoe. They re kissing or Indian gifts. Here President Truman is presented
State Department. , trying to get instructions for further missions of mercy. 1 with a blanket by Umatilla Indian maidens at Pendleton, Ore.'
., , '
Cqtmetk, Chtitlian $itK Monitor
GETTING LESS AND LESS EXCLUSIVE
to keep on the floor the 100 members
necessary for a House quorum.
Taber is convinced the Republicans
could have made deeper cuts in the
President's budget if the old system of
separate bills had been in effect. They '
finally did get across an amendment
with a blanket cut of $600,000,000.
Democrats feel that the one big cut
wa unwisel because it treated essen-
tial and less-essential federal services
A.'- i -
the same.
oh Color
cannot be seen, on present sets, even
in black and white, unless the sets ire
adapted internally. .
CBS 'argues the average set owner
is more interested in-being able to
convert his set to receive color pic
tures than: in being able to get black
and white pictures from color tele
casts. s ,
It is on this feature of the CBS sys
tem that David Sarnoffj board chair
man" of RCA, concentrated bis fire
during 16 hours of testimony before
the FCC. He gave the most detailed
exposition yet of the RCA case.
Sarnoff estimates it would cost the
public $100,600,000 more a year for
sets merely to build them' with auto
matic adapters so they could receive
black and White versions of CBS color
telecasts while continuing to get reg
ular black land white transmissions. '
405 and 525 Lines ."
CBS color produces pictures made
up of 405 horizontal lines -compared
with 525 jiines for black! and. white
television--and the RCA color system.
- CBS - contends color compensates for
this difference; it also nas developed
an addition to its system to give defi
nition equal to that of a 525-line pic-
, ture in more complex sets. -L
Sarnoff argues that adoption of a
405-line system would be ! to' "turn
back the i television clock" in this
country at a time when the U.S. is
urging adoption of its 525-line stand
ard on a worldwide basis.
Sarnoff saysi RCA expects to demon
strate' within' six weeks converters
using the hew tri-color tube that
would enable1 present type sets to re
ceive RCA color.
Dates
. Monday, May 22 ,
' National Maritime Day.
Tuesday, May 23
Florida Democratic runoff pri
mary. i -Wednesday,
May 24
Empire Day in Canada.
Saturday, May 27
- Primary, North Carolina.
Sunday, May 28
Whitsunday.
Birthday (16th), Dionne Quintuplets.:
, ..;...' j
too
HOW THE
Another objection to the -bill is the
strong possibilities it offers for "log"
rolling," the procedure by which
members svap votes and band togeth
er in support of pet projects
Whether by design or otherwise,
none of the bill's allotments for proj
ects important in home districts was
cut deeply, although all were affected
to some extent 'by the blanket reduc-
tion. In one instance, the allotment for
. 13J'llti!il-
building public hospitals in the vari-
Quotes
President Truman: "There are
many backward-looking sena
tors and representatives, who
have tried to defeat every pro
gressive measure they coiild, and
to obstruct and dkay thojse they
could not defeat. . . . I hope by
next January some of th worst
obstructionists will be removed."
Sen. Robert Taft, GOP ! Senate,
policy chieftain: "If Mr. Truman
gets the rubber stamp Congress
he is demanding, we' will ! have a
completely controlled people arid
a handout state as long as there
is any money left in the land to
be taxed away."
Ben II. Guill, Pampa real es
tate broker who switched from
Democratic to Republican ranks
and was elected as Texas first
GQP Congressman u 19 years:
"I consider myself an American
citizen and vote as I please."
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LyAiZs0f PEACETIME
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TREE HAS GROWN
ous states actually was increased
$75,000,000.
Another objection to the omnibus
bill is that when finally it does come
out of the Senate, it must go to a
Senate-House conference committee.
That small group ultimately, will have
a dominant hand in the final allot
ments. Many lawmakers don't like the
idea of a handful of men having so
much influence over the federal pock
11 1
etbook.
Science
Youngest Human
The youngest human ever observed,
two days after Conception, consisted
of only two cells. This embryonic bit
of human tissue was not yet, implant
ed in its mother.ilt was moving slowly
and freely in a iube leading from the
ovum to the womb.
These developments, part of an 11
year study of what happens from con
ception to birth, were reported to the
International and Fourth : American
Congress on Obstetrics and Gynecolo
gy in New York.
Doctors found that implantation in
the waU of the mother's womb does
not take place until the sixth day of
life. Before that,! the tissue has been
moving freely and multiplying. By
the -sixth day it has become a bundle
of 60 or more tissue cells .
, Then the bit of ; tissue1 implants it-
self directly over a pair of blood ves
sels which are to b the baby's future
blood supply. , i
U. S. Rails
:' - '"' " ,". I .';' r j ) "!
Hum Again
THE . nation's worst railroad
strike in four years was set-
tied last week and five major rail
systems spanning the continent
were back in normal service.
The walkout of 18,000 locomo
tive firemen and enginemen lasted
only six days and; aside from passen
ger inconvenience, (directly affected
only about 200,000 workers in indus
tries relying on uninterrupted - rail
service. But the cost to carriers and
affected industries was , estimated at
$50,000,000. .- . V
The Key Five -The
struck lines were the Pennsyl
vania, thei New York Central,JSouth
em Railway, Atchison, Topeka and
Santa Fe and the Union Pacific. Only
parts of each system were struck.
- Both sides expressed satisfaction
with the settlement terms. .. ' .
j The rail lines feel they won the
fight on the principal issue not to
put a third man on the big diesels.
That was the purpose for which the
strike showdown was called.
Two Presidential fact-finding boards,
provided s for i under, the Federal
Railway Labor Law, previously havo
ruled against, the' union on this de
mand. It has been a point in dispute
between the carriers and the brother
hood' for more than 10 years. i
. - . i
Politics
Lead On, Duff! ;
( Gov. James H. Duff has wrested
control of the Pennsylvania Republi
can organization from the "Ol
Guard" leadership of former Ser
Joseph R. Grundy in one of the mos
heated primary campaigns in i '
decade.
The victory portends for Duff contro"
of the Pennsylvania delegation to tht i
1952 Republican convention where ill
will cast the second largest bloc ol
votes in the determination of the next
Presidential nominee. t
The 67-year-old governor, who by
law cannot succeed hiinself, won the
Republican nomination for U.S. Sena
tor by a wide margin oyer the Grundy ,
candidate, Rep. John C. Kunkel, Duffs
choice for governor, former Judge
John S. Fine, had a substantial mar
gin over his Grundy opponent. Jay
Cooke, Philadelphia investment bank
er.. . - . ;
Duff and Grundy are old rivals on i
the national scene. At thel 1948 GOF
- convention, Duff pled an insurgent
move against the designation oi
Dewey but Grundy managed to swing'
most of the big Pennsylvania delega
tion to the Dewey camp and started
the bandwagon rolling for. the New
York governor's nomination.
In the primary fight, both sides ac- i
cepted the battle as between "progres
sives" and "conservatives.",. The
Grundy organization, one of the last
remaining political dynasties ..had
ruled Pennsylvania Republicans for
30 years. - 1
Duff described Grundy as a symbol
of "government by a few, for the
benefit of a few, at the expense of the
public" ,
Grunqy retorted by assailing Duff
as not a progressive" but something
worse, a "New Dealer disguised as a
Republican." V
Sen. Francis J.f Myers, the Senate's
Democratic whip, was unopposed for
renomination in the Democratic pri
mary. ; 1 .
In Short...
Charged: By Russia, that Iran was
permitting American experts to make
aerial photographic surveys along her
borders tinder the guise of exploring
for oil. ' !
Appointed: By the U. S. State De
partment, Samuel Reber as political
adviser to High Commissioner, John
J. McCloy in .Germany
Predicted: By ECA chief Paul G.
Hoffman, that Communism wiH prove
Nothing but a ' passing I storm" if
America wages a cold war against it
on four fronts: military economic, po
litical and informational. -, i
Doubted: By Rep. CKarles H. Elston
(R Ohio); member of the Senate
House Atomic Energy Committee, that
Russia ever 'will be able to launch a
mass atomic attack on the United
States.
(All Rigfiu ft.
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