t! "7.
if gtctoeman, tdom. Oregon, Then-Lay. Tanuogry 8. 1850
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
i CH"' W A SPRAGUE. Editor and Publisher j
KaUrad at the Mtofflc at Sales. Oreaea, aa HtMd elaaa Matter wUr act of eontreaeCercB S, 117.
rabllahed every aseraiag. BaalncM office Hi S. Commercial, galea, Oregon. Telephone! S-ZI4L
Justice At Least for Indians
I The United States' early dealings with the
original owners of this country, the Indians, is
one part of our' history of which no American
can be. tod proud., Oregon shares in this blot on
our national record but now it seems that jus
tice, of a sort, will triumph albeit belatedly.
The UJS. court of claims has ruled that the
overnment must pay for the land
the Indians by the pioneers. If congress appro
priates the more than $16,500,000 the Indians
Claim, the Great White Father will finally be
able to discharge a 100-year-old debt.
It was a century ago that Governor Joseph
Lane was welcomed to Oregon by the chiefs of
many - tribes, who came to him willing to sell
their-possessory rights to the land. At that time
the government could have obtained title peace
ably before the immigration trains started roll
ing in. But Lane had no authority and no funds.
So he wrote Washington that "extinguishment
of their title by purchase, and locating them (the
Indians) in a district removed from settlement
la a measure of most vital importance to them."
In 1850 congress authorised commissioners to
deal With the Indians. Their task was to secure
from the natives their title to all the land west
of the Cascades and, if possible, move all the
Indians into eastern Oregon. The trouble was
that pioneers were staking out claims on In
dian land long before any treaties were made.
The donation land law granted specified acre
ages to settlers who' established residence in the
territory before December 1, 1851, without a by-your-leave
from the Indians;
As Indian Superintendent Joel Palmer ex
plained: , . . , :; - . .
"Settlers have taken and now occupy within
their reserve all the lands susceptible of culti
vation; without regard to the occupancy of the
Indians, who in several instances have been
driven from their huts, their fences thrown
( down and property destroyed . . . (The Indians')
very weakness and ignorance is one of the rea
sons why we should liberally provide for them.
No one .will for a moment pretend that the
amount proposed to be paid" them is any con
sideration, comparatively speaking,' for their
, jountry." . ' . 1 '.
-; The Indians realized this, too. Said Peu-peu-
BVtt-mox: .-. I '
uppose you show me goods; shall I run up
- and take them? Goods , and th earth arc not
equal. Goods are for using on the earth. I do
not know where they have given lands for
goods ... Show me charity. I should be very
much .ashamed, if the Americans did anything
'wrong . , ." ... . j "!, ( :; . y. y
The chief had reason to be ashamed for the
Americans, for they showed him no charity. In
stead, congress' neglected even to ratify the
treaties the Indians had made in good faith. In
return for their freedom and their lands, the
Indians got nothing. They were killed off to
fuiet title to their lands and those who lived
were locked up in concentration; camps called
reservations. ''': '
Some protested, as did Chief John:
- "Thia jj my country. I was In It when these
' large trees were small, not higher than my head.
My heart Is sick with fighting but I want to live
' in my own country . . . I will not lay down my
arms and go with you on the reserve. I will
fight.- - "I
: AnJ they did. There were many, skirmishes,
many wars. Historian Charles Carey said "it
came to be the practice to shoot an . . . Indian
on sight." And later Joseph Lane wrote to The
Statesman:' ' :-
The Indians have been completely whipped
' la every fight . . . Never has an Indian country
been Invaded with better success or at better
times ... X had a conversation with a conslder
; able number of Indians, who gave me a terrible
account of the Invasion of their country by our
r people, that they were now afraid to lay down
Super -Bomb
By Joseph and Stewart Abes
' WASHINGTON, Jan. 4 The
ease for launching another Man
hattan District Project in "order
to build a "su
per - bomb,"
seems at first
hearing, like a
Walpurgis night -dream
of total
destruction. Yet
this case is be
ing seriously
made, at this
moment, by Im
portant person
alities on the
highest govern
mental level.
The worst nightmares have a way
of coming -true, nowadays. The
essential arguments must there
fore,' be set down.
Ii brief, it is theoretically feas-
"ibie- to Duua a
hydronen bomb
with something
:like 1,000 times
the force of the
uranium - Plu
tonium .bomb
, that feU on Hir
oshima. It may
e o s t anywhere
4
v
anywnere x
from $2 to $4 Y V
)illions, tobuild )
wch a bomb in
the shortest- Z
' from
billions
-such
the
possible spa e eriWr
f time. The real issue in debate .
a bitter commentary on the'
state of the world is whether
such bombs can be surely deliv
ered to thr proper targets. .
To be blunt about it,, the vital
centers of the Soviet Union are
' the obvious potential targets,
whether for the hydrogen bomb
of the future, or for our existing
-stockpile of uranium-plutonium
' bombs. Great distances, uncer-
tain topography and other factors
will always make it ' extremely
difficult to hit targets in Russia '
with reasonable accuracy . And
; the chief attraction of the hydro-
., en bomb is that it will reduce
the premium' on accuracy in any
bombing attack.
0 i . .. . . . ...w..
This is simply because such a
. a I
-No Ttvor Sweyi Ut, No Ttar Shall itW
Ireea First Stati ia. March tt, ltll
to sleep, for fear the white people would be
' upon them before they could awake i-that they
were tired of war and wanted peace."
When the Indians wye too few, tdo sick, too
undernourished, and . hounded from place to
place, they got peace in the reservations. By
1857 the population of the Siletz reservation on
the coast numbered in the thousands and in
cluded the (Chec-coos) Chetcos, Coos, Too-too-ta-tays,
Coquilles, Tillamooks and certain Wil
lamette valley tribes. Their unhappy lot rot
ten food, inefficient administration -J- improved
over the years and today their descendants are
not badly off. It probably won't be long before
the Indians are assimilated into (he rest of the
population. The payment of that 16 niilion dol
lars will hasten the day. i
taken from
Vandenberg Losing His Grip? ' '
Senator Vandenberg's support, according to a
press association story from Washington yester
day, of the Taft-Hoover stand on China and
Formosa comes as a surprise to many observers.
A deep rift over foreign policy betWeen Taf t
and Vandenberg had been foreseen, j Does this
latest development mean that Vandenberg is
conceding party leadership to Taft in interna
tional policy as well as domestic? j
Taft, up for re-election this November, has
gained stature as a result of his seemingly suc
cessful stumping tour of Ohio last fall. Labor is
opposed to him but republicans have been look
ing to him for party leadership on internal is
sues. Taft is chairman of the GOP policy com
mittee and whatever he says is pretty influenti
al on the old GOP hands. Lately, Taft has mora
and more spoken out on foreign affairs as well
as on, such matters as housing, health and edu
cation. His outlook on U. S. participation in
world events is conservative and in this he has
been joined by the even more conservative Sen
ator Wherry from Nebraska. Wherry, republi
can floor leader, is' down on the administration's
so-called bipartisan foreign policy.
Sen Arthur Vandenberg, of course, is partly
responsible for that bi- or nonpartisan foreign
policy. His approach to international problems
has been enlightened and sensible in most in
stances. His attempts to get republicans to ac
cept the administration's word on foreign af
fairs have received the support of such GOPers
as Senator Lodge from Massachusetts and Sen
ator Morse from Oregon. But Taft has always
been the reluctant elephant.
In as recent and respected a publication as
the January 6 U.S. News and World; Report an
open break between Taft and Vandenberg is
predicted. The China-Formosa issue provided
the opportunity for both sides to make their
case the Taft faction to oppose Truman and
demand V3. aid to Chiang and Formosa, tht
Vandenberg faction to point out. the pointless
ness of aiding a lost cause.
Now Vandenberg has come out against the
administration plan to write off China and For
mosa as lossea. Sick, aging, in pain after a re
cent liing operation, evidently Vandenberg is
giving up the fight. If so, the republican party
and the nation are, losing an important voice in
the, higher councils.
TheMdpper of the U.S. freighter Flying Ar
row sounds like character out of a salty old
adventure tale. Sail on, says he; full speed ahead
and never mind the mines in the port of Shan
ghai His crew is not so eager to get their heads
blown! off and the state department has taken
an interest in their plight. But in the hard tra
dition of the sea, the captain's word Is law
and if it's mutiny, ye're wantin Til hang ye
from the highest yardarm, Mister Christian! '
Project Being Studied
bomb should theoretically devas
tate an area of from sixty to 100
square miles, in one ghastly det
onation. Hence it should trans
form what would be a wide miss,
even with a uranium-plutonium
bomb, into a direct hit consuming
a whole city. for convent
ional bombing, this is crucially
" important. , Furthermore, its im
portance may later be increased
very greatly, by the development
1 of long-range guided missiles. -'
! Provided a pilotless aircraft Is
the type selected, it has been pos
sible to build the airframe of a
, long-range missile at any time
since the war. The most talked
about design is a stripped-down,
pilotless jet bomber capable of
several thousand miles of flight
. at just sub-sonic speeds and at
very high altitudes. How to guide
such a missile has always been
the question.
In the last year, however, the
, basic obstacle to long range mis
sile guidance has been success
fully surmounted. As was re
ported in this space a "non-pre-cessable"
gyroscope has been de
signed at M.I.T. This almost
miraculous instrument is simply
-a gyroscope whose accuracy is not
disturbed by friction. Because
it is dependably stable, it pro-
vides the long-sought "brain" for
missile guidance systems.
-I . V ; - -.
I The new gyroscope can, for ex
ample, form the basis of a mech
anism that will control a missile
during thousands of j miles of
flight by automatic celestial nav
igation. Equally, it can be mar
ried to the radar, target locater
that will send the missile home In
the last stage of its long course.
And while these, or other, guid
ance methods can hardly achieve
pinpoint! hits, they should bring
the missiles quite near enough to
their targets, if the war heads are
hydrogen bombs. v
i Already, therefore,' fleets of
Inter-continental guided mis
siles, carrying hydrogen bombs,
are expected in certain authori
tative quarters to be the strategic
attack force of the future. With
all due allowance for inevitable
Ksappointments, . some such
velopment is certainly feasible In ,
theory. Those who expect theory
to be translated into practice are
the advocates of an Immediate,
special effort to build a hydrogen
bomb.
The opponents of such an ef
fort, on the other hand, are
sharply critical of these lurid vis
ions of the future. They do not
attack the underlying theory, al
though they note in passing that
our present, chaotic research and ;
development program is unlikely
to achieve the sort of result out- ;
lined above. Their criticism
rests, rather, on their belief that
in air warfare, the defense is now
being developed even mora rap
idly than the offense. -
Within the past fourteen
months, American Strategic air
capabilities have already been
materially, reduced, by the ap
pearance of an excellent Soviet
jet fighter and the beginning of
a Soviet air warning net Piloted
and pilotless aircraft alike are
, already threatened by the pro
totype of an effective anti-aircraft
guided missile. The whole
S resent theory of bombing could
e upset by already discussed de
vices to jam radar target loeaters.
If progress with these defensive
weapons really out-distances pro
gress with the weapons of of
fense, even a stockpile of hydro
gen bombs will be largely a
frozen asset
; A committee of the govern
ment's hi chest scientific advisors
has therefore been wisely chosen,
to study, the current desirability
of a great hydrogen project. Just
as President Conant and Dr.
Vannevar Bush studied this ques
tion immediately after the war.
.On what falls within their pro
vince, the findings of the scient
ists should be filial. Unfortun-.
atejy, however, not even the"
greatest scientists can resolve the
other, far deeper and graver Is
sues involved in this secret de
bate within the government And
these also must be examined, in
a subsequent report.
-- CopyriKt isse. .
Maw York. HmzmkX TtUmna toe )
1950
Hanlc Applies
For Embassy
Post in China
By Henry McLemore
DAYTONA BEACH,' Fla., Jan.
4 Whether or not the United
States should recognize the Chi
nese Commun- -
1st regime of
Mao Tse - tung
(who sounds
like a bare
footed kicking
University of
Hawaii .half,
back,' to I me),
is something
for congress to
decide, j
But If r con
gress does elect
to look at China !
through red -colored glasses, I
would like to 'apply, here and
now, for the Job of Ambassador
" to Peiping.
My qualifications are scant X
am the first one. to admit that.
Ambassadors usually are rich.
Very few of them repair their
own flats on the road, buy re
frigerators on the installment
plan, or suffer because they are
not able to buy their wives fur
coats.
I am not rich. My wife Is
lucky to get a cloth coat with
a collar made of dubious fur, I
always do my own vulcanizing,
even when it's raining, and it
It were not for the installment
plan we'd still be living almost
the same Way that cavemen and
cavewomen did.
Ambassadors usually have a
habit of kicking in $25,000 or so
to the war chest of the party
whose head names them ss am
bassadors. I have never given
so much as a penny to either
the Democratic or Republican
war chests indeed, if I had
$25,000 I wouldn't care who was
president I'd be living in style
on some little island, which
politics reached only by occa
sional steamer..
I have no kneebritches, and
I don't have a turtleneck sweat
er, all staodard equipment for
GRIN AND BEAR
-tP!p7
FA r ArA PeV
' iP
. And If ye want bely with year tax retarn, yecH have to
T step Insisting that yea gotta live " .
GAME SHORTAGE
NEVER
ambassadors. Neither do I have
a daughter of marriageable age
who Is photogenic and anxious
to prove it.
But I do have one qualifica
tion, for Peiping, seat of Mao
Tse-tung's government
I have a great love for Pie
Pn V
In many ways it is to me the
loveliest 'city in the world. To
me it comes close to offering
more than any other city on
earth.
I'd like to spend two, three,
or four years there. No matter
who is in charge, a man would
have to be without almost any
sensitivity to coma away with
out benefit
. It Is a town of a culture so
eld that It settles about you like
a cloak. A week in Peiping is
better than four years In a uni
versity. A week there teaches
one who wants to listen that only
a few things are steadfast the
.hills, the ocean, the plains, and
old, old cities. Men come and
go with each day, but certain
things are eternal.
It does something to a man
to eat in a restaurant where
Marco Polo dined, and there is
not one such restaurant in Pei
ping, but several. It does a man
good to know that he is walking
the streets which centuries have
trod, because It teaches him how
small and unimportant he, or
any man, Is.
Yes, Mr. Truman, name me to
Peiping when and if the time
comes to select an ambassador.
You may not be doing Peiping
a favor, but you'll be doing me
one.
(Distributed by
McNaught SjrodlcaU. toe.)
BUSY GOT i
LAWRENCEBURG, Ind-,-(INS)
Having trouble making hours
meet? If so, consider the dexterity
-required of CoL Robert H. Nanz,
63, vice president of Schenley In
dustries, Inc., who, in addition to
running distilling plants employ
ing some 4,000 in Indiana and
South Dakota, is an active mem
ber of 38 business, civic, church
and charity organizations.
IT v
By Lichty
t7T) C 'EM SO SCARCE
CRT
ITOEDDEI
(Continued from page 1.)
In fact administration friends
have been conceding that the
Taft-Hartley repeal will not be
accomplished at this session, that
the national: health insurance
program (socialized medicine)
will not be adopted, nor the
Brannan plan for agriculture.
The November elections will be
in a measure a referendum on
these bills and osthe Truman
policies.
What this congress must face
up to are the hard facts of fin
ance. Pressures for reduction in
excise taxes are strong, as the
president himself recognizes. But
revenues must be maintained in
large volume for at best spend
ing will be on a big scale. Re
turning senators and congress
men will bring back the definite
impression that the people are
concerned over continuing defi
cits in peacetime. They must do
their btMt to cut down that defi
cit for the next fiscal year, by
reducing expenditures and by
avoiding tax cuts that would re
duce treasury income, though it
certainly is time the heavy war
time excise taxes are lightened:
Initially the senate is due to
take up repeal of the oleo tax
and civil rights bills. These may
tie up that body for a consider
able period of time. Dairy in
terests maintain strong lobbies
and will insist on preserving
yellow as the butter color if the
oleo tax is to come oft And
southern senators will filibuster
on bills like the fair employment
practice requirement
In effect congress takes up just
where it left off when it adjourn
ed in the fall: the same bills be
fore it the same lineup of fair
dealers and opposing republicans
and southern democrats, and
about the same attitude on the
part of the public.
One thing is evident that leg
islation can be considered in less
of an atmosphere of crisis than
for a decade. Foreign affairs are
less angry and will be less ab
sorbing of the attention of con
gress. The China situation wOl
occasion much debate, but prob
ably little action. Congress
should have time and take time
for serious consideration of our
domestic problems of which pub
, lie finance is most important ,
Better English
By D. C Will lama
1. What is wrong with this
sentence? "Us boys have found
that there isn't but one left"
2. What is the correct pronun
ciation of "incognito"!
3. Which one of these words
is misspelled? Moveable, admis
sable, expendable, coercible.
4. What does the word "aus
terely" mean?
S. What is a word be sinning
with sr that means "impressive
of imposing"? v
ANSWERS
1. Say, "We boys have found
that there la but e left" Ac
cent eeeeaJ syllable, not the
third. 3. Admissible. 4. Severe
ly; rigidly; sternly. "The doc
trine was austerely logical."
A. Grandiose.
Grand Jury Indicts Maragon
Oh Four Charges of Perjury
WASHINGTON, Jan; 5 -WV
Jaunty John Maragon, who used
to associate with people in the
White house, was Indicated Tues
day en four charges of lying about
his financial and business affairs.
A federal grand jury accused
him of committing perjury at a
senate investigation last summer.
Maragon said here he has no
comment to make on the Indict
ment at this time.
Should a. trial jury convict the
gabby . little Greek-American on
aU four counts, he could be jailed
for as long as 40 years. The pun
ishment for perjury is two to 10
years on each count.
For one thing, Maragon denied
to senators that he ever made any
money by representing private
companies in business deals with
the government. The Indictment
flatly labeled the denial "false."
The senators were investigating
five-percenters, men who try to
line up government contracts for
businessmen for a fee of perhaps
five per cent. !
Maragon will have a chance to
Witness Claims
Bridges Attend
Communist Party Meetings
SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 4-AVA new government witness testi
fied today he saw Harry Bridges at three "dosed" communist party
meetings, and again at communist party headquarters in San Fran
cisco. : . ; :
Bridges, head of the CIO Longshoremen's union. Is on trial for
perjury, accused of falsely swearing he was not a communist at his
IS43 naturalization Hearing, and.
had never been a communist
The witness was Lawrence Ross,
46, who said he was a paid func
tionary of the communist , party
from 1932 to 1937. He testified he
has been a newspaperman since
around 1925, and presently is man
aging editor of a trade paper in
Memphis, Tenn.
Ross said he saw Bridges -In
communist party headquarters
here in the early fall of 1938. He
remembered it well, he stated, be
cause "I t had a feeling almost
amounting to shocked surprise,
that Harry Bridges was ' present"
Defense Attorney James Macln
nis objected vigorously but the
court permitted Ross to answer a
prosecution question as to why he
was surprised. It was. he said "be
cause there had been so many pre
cautions taken to conceal his iden
tity" in connection with the com
munist party "that I was surprised
to see Kim at communist party
headquarters.1 ;i ; ! :. I j il
The headquarters session was 'M
closed "communist meetina." he
testified, at which, Bridges "made
a report of an hour perhaps long
er about the situation on the wall
ter front and the advisability o
preparing for a strike." I jj
The other meetings at which he
saw Bridges, he declared, also were
closed" communist gatherings, j j
Just before the noon recess he
told of attending a national . con
vention of the communist party.
Me said it opened June 24, 1938,
in the Manhattan opera house, New
York City. He said he was one of
the California delegates, i j
F. Joseph Donohue, chief of gov
ernment counsel, asked him who
was nominated for membership on
the communist central committee.
The reply was "I remember Bill
Schnelderman, Comrade Rossi
who was Harry Bridges possibly
Walter Lambert and possibly Ani
ta Whitney."
"Wert any elected?" Donohue
asked. . j'il
"I remember Bill Schneiderman
was elected and I remember Rossi
was elected. I believe Anita Whit
ney was, but I can't be positive,"
: Other prosecution witnesses had
testified that Bridges used "Rossi"
as a party name. !
Two other longshore union of
ficials are on trial with Bridges,
accused of conspiracy, because of
appearing as his witnesses in the
naturalization hearing. They are
Henry Schmidt and J. R. Robert
son. ''-! 'M
Earlier today Ross declared be
saw Bridges in a communist party
meeting in Fresno.
Big Field for
Cars Noted
PORTLAND, Jan. J A great
field of uncultivated new business
awaits automobile dealers who are
properly organized for intelligent
selling Bruce K. Steele, assistant
general sales manager, Plymouth
Motor corp., told Plymouth deal
era of Oregon.
The dealers met in a preview
meeting of the new Plymouth car,
which will go on public display
January 12.
Steele estimated that there are
14,000,000 cars over 10 years old
in service today, nearly three
times as many as In 1941. The
general increase in income has
made it possible for many of
these owners of old. cars to buy
a new model car tor the first
time in their lives, be stated.
DELINQUENT PARENTS
KANSAS CITY, Mo. -INS)-
Juvenile Court Judge John F. Cook
of Kansas City says neglect of
children by parents is the main
factor In juvenile delinquency.
"The pitiful thing is that the Ju
venile court has no real power
over parents, he adds.
Conscientious, Dignified
Service .'' .
uiuuuuiL
$45 North Capitol
dead ruiltv or not mntv
Perjury charges when he is ar
raigned. Assistant U. 5. Attorney
Charles B. Murray said that prob
ably will be Friday. Murray said
si a guess that Maragon might be
irca m m apnng, perfcaps by
March.
Specifically, the grand jury
charged Maragon with falsely tell
tna the senate lnMHM
Jy is that: . . .
1. In 1949 and 146 he had only
one bank account, here in Wash
ington. 2. From IMS to the middle it
1949, he "did not negotiate any
government business" and got no
money for any work connected
with the government.
1. He. had "discontinued his
employment" with the Albert Ver
ley Perfume company of Chicago'
and wasnt employed by anybody
else when he took a state depart
ment job and went on a mission
to Greece. -
4. He borrowed $5,000 from his
mother-in-law last spring.
He Saw Harry
Three Closed i
Yoijng GOPs
Name Holmer
To Committee
A. Freeman' Holmer, professor of
political science at Willamette uni
versity, Wednesday was appointed
to head a Young Republican club
committee studying proposed re
apportionment of the state legis
lature. The appointment was announced
by James Collins, national Young
Republican committeeman.
' An open meeting to discuss the
Young GOP reapportionment pro
posal is scheduled Saturday at f
p.m. In the Senator hotel
Committee members iWclude
Margie Bullard and Philip Roth,
both of Portland; James Rodman,
jr Eugene; Melvin Ireland, Mol
alla; Vera McCallem, Baker; War
ren Cooler, Salem and Charles
Reynolds, La Grande.
Forestry Unit
Qffices'Now in
Main Building
Keep Oregon Green association
and the rehabilitation division of
the state forestry department both
of which lost their toffices In a
fire on the forestry grounds Sun
day, are now occupying offices la '
the main forestry building.
i It was not known Wednesday
whether the burned building which
housed the offices will be salvaged,
said State Forester George Spaur.
Spaur said it was up to the state
board of control to decide if the
two-story, $15,000 structure should
be rebuilt or torn down. The board
has asked Spaur for his recom
mendation in the matter and for
estry engineers are investigating
the wreckage this week.
; Address of the two offices wQl
now be at 2S00 State st
Economy Mo ye Voted
By Portland Council
PORTLAND, Jan. 4 -tfp)- The
city council voted today to adopt ;
aU : economies possible "without
interfering with basic dry ser-
vices." '- '
. : The resolution, an attempt to
make expenses meet Income, was,
criticized by Finance Commission-'
er Ormond R. Bean as being, Just
"a gesture . . . I dont think it Is
going to save us any money." .
Bean had wanted to cut the city
budget 10 per cent bat that pro
posal was voted down.'
i ;v ' 4 ! .' , . ' '
QUICK TnnT
DENVER-(INS) - Three Denver
women called police almost at the
same time recently to report they
had been robbed. Investigating of
ficers were baffled when none of -the
three was able to give a clear
description of the burglar.
Income Tax
Returns
. Mad Out by
J. W. Coburn
'"''" Consultant
1570 Market St. Ph. 2-o569
Dotrt wait
Come now!
wmm
TeL 3-3672 A
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