Th Shttmn. Salem, Ofoon, WodneseLrr, Sop. 21. 1949
THE JOHISISIQYS FLOOD, OR SO IT SEEMS ou(r Health
Written fey
Dr. Herman K.
Boadenaea. <X
pxatc8maa
K favor Suxiyf V, No Feat, Shall AwT
Tnm First Stateasma. Mare M. 1M1
THE STATESMAN PUBUSHINC COMPANY
CHAf 3 A RPR AGUE. Editor! and Publisher
EaUretf at the pesteffiee at Sales. Oregon. a so cUsa matter udcff act eoncrai Myc , 117.
rabltebed every mermln. BmIoob eTfiee SIS ft. CwatrtUl Slnw Oregon. Telephone g-Mtl.
to conclude negotiations on the Austrian treaty.
All in all, the UN assembly meeting this fall
gives occasion for. genuine optimism.
; Optimism for United. Nalioni
The United Nations assembly began its meet
ing yesterday in an atmosphere far more re
laxed than that of one year ago. Then the
blockade of Berlin created tensions which many
feared would snap and plunge the world into
war. There was plenty of gloom as the repre
senatives of the nations gathered for the as
sembly meeting. While the debates of the ses
sions drew plenty of vitriolic verbiage, the con
troversies were confined to words. And as the
session wore on, side talks between Americans
and Russions led to formal conversations which
finally brought an end to the Berlin blockade
and the countering airlift.
This year the friction points are in the Balk
ans. It has been reported that Marshal Tito
might complain to UN on Russian pressures as
unwarranted aggression; or that Russia might
complain of Marshal Tito's didoes in the Balk
ans. It is doubtful, however, if the issues will
be raised formally, although Foreign Minister
Vishinsky may give verbal scourgings to Yug
oslavia as a captive of western ' imperialism.
Relations betvf een Greece and Albania, too, ,
are unhappy because Greece blames Albania
with serving as base for the Greek guerrillas.
The United States and Britian, however, will
keep Greece quiet with tle idea that the civil
war in Greece is on it way to a satisfactory
ending.
Another reason for optimism over United
Nations exists,; and that is the success its com
missions have met in resolving acute problems.
First in mind is Palestine. This was a thorny
cactus. Efforts of Britain rand of the United
States to compose differences between Jews
and Arabs failed. A solution proposed by the
UN was rejected and 'civil war begun in Pal
estine. United Nations intervened with orders
for a truce, and. finally its commission, headed
by Dr. Ralph Bunche after the assassination of
Count Bernadotte, brought peace to Palestine.
The new government of Israel is functioning.
It has made peace with several of its Arab
neighbors. The status of Jerusalem is still in
Uoubt, a matter complicated by desire of relig
ous groups to make sure that the holy places ara
preserved and kept free of access.
Indonesia, too, stands as another mark of UN
achievement. In spite of a reversion to war
some months ago, a fresh peace has been work
ed out between the Dutch and the Indonesians
which will give the latter a free givernment
though probably still related to The Nether
lands. A UN commission helped also to avert war
fare in Kashmir where rivalry between ' India
and Pakistan threatened serious trouble.
k of
With the 'major tensions in Europe greatly
cased, and the critical tests of Palestine, Indo
nesia and Kashmir passed, the United Nations
stands now on a much firmer basis. The very
fact that 59 nations in these troubled times
remain affiliated in this single organization
and that others are ambitious for admittance
shows that is is by no means a failure, that it
is the best present hope for world order that
we have in the way of an international org
anization. The problems which will be up for discussion
at this session are now new. A listing of 72
points discloses not one new major issue. Those
,which probably will come up will deal vith:
Palestine, new members, amendments to the
Charter to eliminate the veto power of the five
great nations, Italian colonis, Indonesia, Balkans,
Korea, atomic energy, conventional armaments,
the year-around little Assembly, the U. N.
field service, the issue of human rights in Bul
garia and Hungary, to which Australia has
tacked on Romania in a separate point; and
Southwest Africa.
The revision of currencies may stimulate
discussions of economic questions, giving Vish
insky a chance to label it as another step of
American imperialism dictated by Wall street.
There may be argument over the voting in the
security council last week which rejected 14
applications for. membership. Russia exer
cised its veto seven times when representatives
of other nations refused its offer of a "deal"
which would have admitted all applicants for
membership. Russia's vetoes barred Nepal,
Eire, Portugal, Hashemite Jordan, Italy,
Austria, Finland, Ceylon, and Korea, j Russia's
satellites, Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary,! Roman
ia and Outer Mongolia failed to get a: majority
in the council.
While the UN assembly is in session the for
eign ministers of the four big powers may try
Recoil of Devaluation
The action of Britain in devaluing the pound,
while lot a surprise in view of Britain's finan
cial dilema, did produce a profund shock all
round the world. Banks and exchanges were
closed tin the countries scaling down their cur
rencies while business adjusted itself to the
new rtes. The effects will1 trickle -down to
commercial operations all round the globe, to
the te4-grower in Ceylon, the rubber producer
in the1 Malay states, to distillers of Scotch
whiskey and weavers of British worsteds. It
will tike time for the results to be observed,
but as: they are felt adjustments will be made
or counter-forces applied to minimize injuries.
Sudden changes often create havoc in the
business world. In this instance, some will reap
big (ajnd really unearned) profits while others
will safler great losses. The man who gbt his
pound! converted into dollars can now switch
them back into many more pounds than he had
before;
Thisf instability in trade makes for excite
ment lut it makes business risky. Even the as
tute trader can never be certain that his end of
the5 ttjeter board will always be up. To avoid
these j extreme swings, efforts are constantly
directed toward stabilization. " Before 'the first
world; war the gold standard and the free
market worked ellectively as a stabilizer. But
wars destroy so much in the ways of goods and
creditl, disrupt channels of trade so seriously
that it takes years and years to restore a reason
able balance.
Breton Woods, the British loan, the Marshall
aid plan all were directed toward reviving and
stabilizing international trade. All proved in
adequate because the economic and social over
turns! caused by the war were so vast and so
deep I that the cures did not suffice. It will
take time and production of great stores of new
wealth to bring back economic health and sta
bility! Devaluation may be described as a
shpcll treatment. If it works, it works. If it
doesn't, some other remedy will have to be
tried or else some of the sick will succumb.
Do' not think that the effects will not be felt
in: the United States. Our markets ( for pears
arid apples, for instance) will be curtailed.
Woo prices already have dropped. More
domestic production will pile up on the home
market, resulting either in lower prices or in
morq government subsidies. On the other hand,
foreign products will be cheaper, which in
turnjiwill give more competition to domestic
producers. 1
These economic forces are bigger than gov
ernments. Political agencies may restrict them
hi a degree but in the end economic laws over
ride politics. The best that governments can
do is; to temper the economic winds to the shorn
lambs. The sooner governments realize the
limit of their powers and recognize that ulti
mate compulsion of economic forces, the better
off government and society will be.
i i f: 1
I
Navajos and Government Aid
The arrival of over 200 Navajo Indian chil
dren!: at Chemawa for enrollment in the Indian
school ten days ago was result of the agitation
over-neglect of this tribe which arose two yean
ago. I They were found to be in dire want. And
one of the great lacks was schools for their chil
dren! Last year 80 youngsters spent the year
at Chemawa. This year the number is mors
thaii doubled. Other schools are being pro
vided, including one at Brigham City, Utah,
where the government has remodeled a former
army hospital for use as a school.
I While the government is belatedly doing
these things for the benefit of the Navajos whose
population is too great to find subsistence on
its Vast but barren reservation, legislation is
pending which would pretty well abandon them
to their fate. John Collier, former commis
sioner of Indian affairs, in an article in The
National, discusses pending bills. In his judg
ment, and he certainly is a man both informed
and Sympathetic with Indians, these bills would
spel the doom of the Indian by permitting the ;
sale jpf his patrimony and his release frOm gov
ernment wardship. That may be the desirable
goal ; in the end, but to cast the Indians adrift,
even with a wad of spending money, would
result in their extinction as a race. Congress
shoud carefully review these bills before vot
ing on them.
Scehjxb
Literary Guidepost
Russ 'Cooperation' Test on Agenda
By I. M. Roberts, jr
AP Foreign Attain Analyst
The agenda of the United Na
tions general assembly which
convened yesterday contains an
Ideal spot for a small test of the
statement of Soviet Foreign
! Minister Vishinsky that Russia
: . wants to cooperate In the U.N.
If "There can be no doubt that
the general assembly would be
able to solve the important prob
V j lems before it providing the na- -lotions
of the U.N. show a since
H desire to cooperate with each
ether and In accordance with the
- principles of the U.N. charter,"
the former prosecutor said on ar
l , rival.
fl The UJf. has an Instrument es-
pecially 'designed to find the
means of international coopera
te tlon. It is the committee of the
whole, or "little . assembly,"
;-f which the Russians have boycott
The litt!e? assembly was estab
lished with the announced idea
that all delegations should be re-
presented the year-round. Its
1
prime use has been as a forum
for mobilization ,of world re
action on any subject And .es
pecially on the subject of non
cooperation. That means, of
course, that it does not exactly
operate in favor -of Russia, the
prime non-cooperatorf Whether
it is to continue on a Permanent
basis is the question up now.
i . i
Russia opposed this addition
to the U. N. organization on
the groundsthat it invaded the
field of the security council. Rus
sia has the veto right In the sec
urity council, but not in the
general assembly or its commit-
biles can only recommend and JCT-J
discuss, the principal, issues of
internatlo nal disagreement.
Their decisions are not binding
on the security council.
One of the spark-striking: top
ics before this general assembly
is the Greek matter. Before Rus
sia and her satellites could agree
to stop Intervening inj the Creek
civil war i they would have to
admit that they had been doing
SO. i P
Before Russia can agree for
her satellites in the former en
emy countries of Hungary, Ro
mania and Bulgaria to stop vio
lating the human rights clause
of the! rpeace treaties she must
admit that they have been doing
so.
Before Russia can agree to give
up the security council veto as
advocated by the smaller nations
she would have to admit tacitly
that it had been misused. (The
other big powers are going to
hold on to mis defensive weapon,
too, although they would like to
its use limited to truly vital
! (Continued from page one)
jeopardizing her position. Miss
Shifferer left to spend the sum
mer with relatives in the mid
west. She wrote MacLean about
August 1 that she was feeling
much better and would report
September 1. No answer. After
her return, and just a few days
beforggyiie first of September,
she reinved a communication
from MacLean that in her ab
sence the duties she had dis
charged had been reassigned and
her position was abolished!
-i The case was brought to the
office of the civil service com
mission, but It is not certain of
its powers under the law. Miss
Shifferer retains her rating and
presumably will obtain another
position in state service, but she
has lost time and may have to
Accept a situation in a lower
talari ed bracket
. ! MacLean's reorganizing his di
vision didn't stop with Miss Shif
ferer. Miss Dorothy Prim, next
in line, who had been trained to
take, over Miss Shifferer'i duties
and was fully capable of doing
So, was told one morning to clear
out her desk, that she was being
Reassigned to heavy typing work.
Considering this a demotion.
Miss Prim exercised an old
American right and resigned,
j Light ion- the shifts may dawn
when It is reported that the one
moved up to top spot is the
daughter of the county clerk of
Lincoln county, where MacLean
Jived and served briefly as
county commissioner.
Under the old rule of "to the
victor belong the spoils, the
boss could make Wrings and fir
ings as he chose. That presum
ably was abolished when the
Civil service law was passed. But
If a department head can "abol
ish" a position he can fire any
employe he wants to. In this
Instance, the duties are still
there to be performed, duties
which Miss Shifferer had per
formed very satisfactorily over
a long term of years.
I If our civil service law gives
no more protection in tenure
than it did to Miss Shifferer,
then it is a rope of sand, be
sides being quite an expensive
luxury. The state employes' as
sociation might well direct its
efforts toward amending the law
irhich will give employes the
security which they thought they
were getting when the law was
passed.
The Vital Center: The Politics of
Freedom, by Arthur M. Schle
singer, Jr. (Houghton Mifflin;
$3).
Agreeing with other observers
that, in the midst of plenty, we
should be happy, and, victors in
war, we should be contented, but
that in fact we are worried and
anxious, this astute and persuas
ive author, like a doctor, auscu
tates our body politic and comes
up with a diagnosis and a pre
scription. Whether or not yon accept all
of it, the diagnosis makes excit
ing reading; Schlesinger proposes
and defends his ideas warmly.
Our main problem is not, but our
immediate problem is, he says,
Russia; while he would avoid an
anti-Soviet crusade, nevertheless
he wpuld reconstruct Europe
(the Marshall Plan) and keep the
Reds off our greener grass (the
Truman Doctrine).
But In the meantime, he ex
horts us to put our own house in
order. He doesn't find much good
in any of us. Communists or non
Commies, Fascists or their oppo
sites, businessmen. Republicans,
even or perhaps especially the
Progressives, who are well mean,
ing but misguided, poor thinkers
and bad actors, in his opinion.
For the Conservatives he saves
his most vitriolic accusations,
perhaps because he knows them
best. The Progressive is to the
Communist what the Conserva
tive is to the Fascist, he charges.
He pleads in conclusion for a
fighting faith in our kind of
freedom, for a variety of liberal
ism which lies slightly left of
center, a liberalism conscious of
its strength and prepared to use
it. He wants us to avoid depres
sion, to trade more with the rest
of the world, to end racial dis
crimination. Neither diagnosis
nor prescription is particularly
new; Schlesinger's success in this
book is due to his vivid language,
his fervor, his condemnations
that are now witty now biting.
This is an eloquent call to action.
It would have seemed to me a
little clearer if his enthusiasm
had not once in a while colored
his Judgment. "Ballad for Amer
icans" is a lot better than he,
hunting for a handy example, is
willing to admit; and to define
Howard Fast as "a party line O.
A. Henty" is also, unfortunately,
to define Schlesinger. In con
demning the Reds for a political
.slant on literature, he slants no
ticeably himself.
Mrs. Mulligan
PioneerOregoii
Resident Dies
' Mrs. Ida S. Mulligan, 85, late
resident of 1618 Fairmount ave
and member of an early pioneer
family, died at a local hospital
Tuesday.
! She was the mother of Vesta
Mulligan of Salem. Services will
be held Thursday, September 22,
at 2 p.m. from the new V. T.
Golden mortuary chapel, 603 S.
Commercial st.
! The Rev. G. Wasley Turner and
the Rev. Dean D. Poindexter will
officiate. Interment will be in
Belcrest Memorial park. It is re
quested that flowers be omitted.
i The deceased was born at Mo
Ma, Oct 9, 1863. She was the
daughter of Mr. and Mrs. A.
Sanders, who crossed the plains
by ox-team and settled at North
Howell In 1831.
Mrs. Mulligan was graduated
from Willamette university. She
was married in 1888 to Albert S.
Mulligan who died In 1936. Mrs.
Mulligan, who has been a resident
Of Salem since 1916, was a mem
ber of the Leslie Methodist church.
Hialeah Florida's oldest and
and largest horse track again
has been assigned Jan. 17 to March
3 for its 40-day racing period next
winter.
Better English
By D. C Williams
To produce true cooperation in
the United Nations would re
quire Russian renunciation of
her entire effort to make Moscow
the capital of a communist world.
- But if Mr. Vishinsky wants to
do just a little more than talk
about cooperation he might take
Russia into the little assembly
and some of the other UJf. spec
ial agencies in -which Russia Is
not now pexticipaUnx-
i 1. What is wrong with this
sentence? "Mary has many ad
mirable female traits."
2. What is the correct pronun
ciation 6f "villlanT
3. Which one of these words
is misspelled? Acoustics, acer
bity, acessabillty. t
4. What does the word "im
passioned" mean?
( 9. What is a word beginning
with it that means "state of de
serving serious consideration"?
ANSWERS
1. Says, "feminise traits.- 2.
Pronounce vil-in, both Fs as in it,
and not vil-yan. 2. Accessibility.
4. Moved to strong feeling; ard
ent. ; "His impassioned words
brought tears to her eyes." 5,
Gravity.
GRIN AND BEAR IT
By Lichty
ll
-. . . Ani the werkers in America Have be hep ef retting oat f iett
... Already the l5t ears are en the market . . . sad they fcaveat
yei4 fer their 'U s-Mdeto yet .. v
The temperature of babies and
young children varies a great
deal more than that of an adult.
We are all born with "thermost
at" control,'' but the temperature
regulating mechanism is not fully
deevloped at birth, and hence
stable body temperatures are est
ablished only as the child grows
older.
In the first few days of life,
the baby normally loses weight
because of a loss of fluids from
the body. This process may be
accompanied by a rise in temper,
ature to around 101 degrees. Ord
inarily, the deficit is soon made
good, whereupon the tempera
ture promptly returns to normal.
Inj rare cases. If the elevated
temperature persists, the physi
cian may find it necessary to re
place the lost fluids by injec
tions under the skin.
A baby cannot adjust as readi
ly as an adult to temperature
changes in his surroundings. His
temperature will drop if he be
comes chilled or wil rise If he is
dressed, too warmly or kept In
too warm a room.
A fever or rise In temperature
develops when the baby has some
infection. Fever is a warning
sign, and the mother must heed
this warning by calling the doc
tor. It may be produced by tri
vial causes or by a serious con
dition, but only the doctor can
j
Hank Wants
Art School
For Tourists
By Hrnry McLemore
FLORENCE, Sept. 20 There
is: a mighty good living awaiting
the first art critic who estab
lishes a school
for the briefing
of tourists on
what to say when
conf r o n t e d by
world - recogniz
mrMr led masterpieces
of paintl ngs.
sculpture, tapes
tries, etc
Take the sev-
eral thousands of
ius Americans
'who are now
! HcLmer crashing around
Florence, the art center of the
universe. We are anxious to get
cultured, but we don't have too
much time, so we have to run
from one masterpiece to another.
! And running in Florence Is
dangerous. You are liable to
break your toe or sprain your
ankle tripping over something
by Michelangelo, Cellini, Leo
nardo, or Bernini. Their ?tuff is
scattered around Florence Just as
fireplugs are in New York.
I The Pitt! Palace must be one
of the few museums in the world
where there is such an abund
ance of magnificence that a tl-
tlan Li half hidden by a Raphael,
and the Van Dycks have to hang
their beards out of their frames
to get any recognition at all from
us culture seekers.
! From the opposite bank of the
River Arno the Uffizi Gallery
looks through its lorgenette at
the Pittl Palace and turns up
Its nose. Within its walls the
whole history of painting Is por
trayed, chronologically.
I If you are sure-footed and
fleet you can make it from
Cimabue to the time of the great
painters in around seven minutes.
find the source of the trouble.
The height of fever -does not
neecssarily show the severity of
the illness that is present. Some
babies may have a temperature
as high as 103 from only a mild
sickness, such as tonsillitis. Other
babies may be quite sick without
developing more than degree
or two of fever.
Fever may make one baby
drowsy and stuporous. where
as another will grow restless and
irritable from the same cause,
crying fretfully, and sleeping on
ly in fits and snatches. During a
fever, some babies refuse food,
others eat only to become sick
and vomit a short time after
ward. Howeevr, virtually all ba
bies with fever are thirsty.
Every mother should have
.thermometer for taking the ba
by's temperature by rectum and
should know how to use it If
the baby shows any sign of fever,
the doctor should be called.
On the other hand, the mother
should not become so tempers- i
ture conscious as to take her ba-
byAs temperature every day evenf
though other signs of illness are;
lacking. Nor should she get up-
set at the slightest variations;
from the normal. As I Said ear-j
lier .these are bound to occur be-
cause the baby's temperature?
control Is so unstable. j
QUESTIONS and ANSWERS
L. W. M.: What is the mean
ing of "Mongoloid" child? What;;
is the cause and has there ever
been a cure? .
Answer: Mongolian idiocy is aj;
type of idiocy in which there i
lack of mental development and
In which the child presents cers
tain facial characteristics of the!
Mongolian type. The eyes aref
slanting; the no?e is turned upj
the ears are smooth and not welf
shaped; the hands are small and
pudy. ;
Unfortunately, the cause o
mongolism in infants has no
Deen determined, nor has nj?
treatment been found which has
been of any great value.- g
! But to get back to my subject
of how a critic could get rich
by teaching tourists what to say
When, after looking at their
guide books to find out what
they are looking at, they glance
upwards at a work of art.
i (Note: For the finest descrip
tion of a tourist "making the ai
rounds" read Aldous Huxlei
Short story, "Little Mexican.")
! Next to me, when I first laid
eves on Michelangelo's David.
was a middle-aeed man from
Havana. He looked and looked
Then he looked some more.
i He must have felt that he had
to say something,
i His remark:
i "Excellently done. Okay.
i Now, I ask you, did that re
mark make sense, "Excellently
done"?
j Trv to name me anyone, past.
Tiresent. future, or any other
tense, who could have done David
as Michelangelo did David.
i I stood in front of Botticelli's
Birth of Venus, all the lovely
Madonnas by Raphael, and didn't
know what to say. They meant
something to me, yes. Inside of
me. deep down, they awakened
a feeline of beauty. But I didnt
know how to express my feel-
J&ks.
j That is what the art critic in
his school must Drovtde us tour
Ists. The right word for the right
pamung.
! It Isnt rifht to stand in front
of m sketch by Leonardo and
say. "That s good. Very good.
i I am sure that if Leonardo
heard such a remark he would
rise from his grave, invent a
new lethal weapon, and kill the
sseaker on, the snot.
i (Otatriboted by KcNeufM
Benson Return!
ToPenitentiarjr
Slated Today j
J I
Convict William P. Benson, on
his return to the Oregon state
penitentiary here probably Wedp
nesday, will be questioned by pri
son officials and then will be as
signed to a correction cell similar
to that from which he escaped.
Warden George Alexander de
clared Tuesday. j
We are particularly anxious to
findout how Benson and John O.
Pinson escaped from their cells,?
Alexander said. j
Alexander said he is sure the
convicts reeccived outside helj
ana naa crossea me Oregon line
within 24 hours after their escape
as indicated by Benson when ar
rested in Columbus, O., 10 days
ago. i
The warden said ha is' satisfiak
that Spokane. Wash., officers ira
wasting their time in Searching
lor finson s body. Benson, enroute
to Oregon from Columbus under
official escort, was taken from '
train at Spokane Sunday night so
mat ne might be given an oppor
tunity to prove his story that Piii
son was buried in Idaho. I
"My latest information from
Spokane is that Benson will con
tinue his journey to Salem Wed
nesday," Alexander said. I
Healy, Newbry to Return
From Meetings Monday
Secretary of State Earl T. New
bry and William . Healy, his as
sistant, will return here Monday
from Oklahoma City where they
are attending the Nauonal Confer
ence of Motor Vehicle administra
tors, they telegraphed the state de
partment Tuesday.
State Treasurer Walter J. Peart-
son .attending a democratic con
ference in San rrancisco, will rer
turn here Thursday, his office an
nounced. )
New Clues Aid!
Bandit Hunt 1
New clues Tuesday were help
ing city police trace three men who
escaped with $75 after an armed
robbery of Graen's market, 1190
S. 12th st, Monday night
Men dressed In navy clothes and
answering the trio's description
were reported seen at the South
Village tavern, 3795 S. Padfit
highway shortly before the rob
bery. I .
Witnesses at the tavern report
ed the men were driving a light or
gunmetal-colored coupe and said
they easily could identify the trio.
Entering the grocery about 8:30
p. m. Monday, the trio forced WO.
liam Graen and his daughter, Raf
mona, to stand aside while they
escaped with the cash. They Us?
were reported driving an auto
north on S. iztn st.
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