.hs t ht m . VI i V . V. vs i'NONEMPixyWlElsm SGARe HERB Coordination with New Probers THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY i CHAf A SPRAGUE. Editor nd Publisher J Entered at tb pesUfflce at Bates, faMlshed every morning. Cosiness China "Wllite Paper" Publication jof the American "White paper reviewing ouij relations with China has coin- cided with the fall of Changsha to the Chines communists and the reported desertion of na tionalist generals and their armies to the reds. This latter fajrnerely confirms the debacle ojt China which is 'already familiar to the world and whose causes are traced in the White paper. Secretary Dean Acheson has done .a master Jul job in assembling the material and ' inter preting it with a minimum of discredit to the administration in wasningion. xie was noi me author of our Chinese policy .though , as Under Secretary part of the time he was familiar with Its outline. His own report carries little dip lomatic salvej and admits with engaging frank res' the failure of the American policy in China, a failure precipitated by the primary failure of the nationalist government. Criticism of our China policy embraces the concessions atj Yalta giving Russia a share in the Manchurian railway and ports, Inadequate sup port to the nationalist government and our ef- s rrvli t4 a' muni mi m in t Tat ffrtVeTTilTieTliL iT a T T There. are soine who even yet would have lis pour in funds! and supplies in the effort to hold south China gainst the communists. Usually It Is easy to be wise after the event; but not in this instance. American failure is not so much due to Amer ican mistake! as it is to circumstances outside of our control. While the Yalta agreement rest ed on the Wrong foundation of trading off China's asset, there is, no indication that with hold ipg those concessions would have reduced ' Russian penetration. In fact it might have been much worse. Russian armies were there; outs were not. Russia might merely have moved In and occupied! all of Manchuria. In' reviewing the record we cannot see where by' taking an other course jwe' could have averted the debacle In China. Secretary jflcheson is correct in attributing the tolapse Of Chinese arms not to lack of supplies from this country but to the calamitousfailure of the nationalist government. He reports that at least 75 pejr cent of the material, exclusive of ammunition, fell into the hands of the advancing communists.! The United States furnished Chiang Kai-shek's government over, four billion dollars in grfnt, credits and supplies. All went down the drain. Additional billions would have gone the same route. Fundamentally the cause of Chiang's failure was the lndompetence and corruption of the Koumintang! leaders who ruled the country. They, failed! to follow through with the social reforms initiated by Dr.'Sun Yat-sen. Instead they constituted themselves an oligarchy and Jcets. Chian'g was either indifferent or, impo tent.' To American demands for vreforin he made promises but failed to carry them out TV fkinocoi nonnl imnlv rirted their OWTI - -. 1IC VI'11VJV! Yr't f - j - government.! The communists came, in to fill the vacuum General Slilwell charged that Chiang diverted niS Sirenginj lO 11111.111 lummunuia than the Japs: and the White paper reports that after we enjtered the var China lagged in its prosecution jof the war against Japan, expecting th.Umted States to brine liberation, as it did. The famous report of General Wedemeyer, long suppressed, is now made puWic. It urged a firm policy to stop communist advance in China, thou jgh he said open participation might bqng on . a third world war. He In Pleiads By 'Stewart Alsop NEW DELHI. India. Aug. 6 Near an Indian village on tha outskirts of New Delhi, a little crowa i gam- ' V-. "f ered round an , . T- r 1 a w k ward- fr Alj crowd is gath- v looking of machinery which c o from far California, jit is ml weli-drjiller. capable of bit ing down hun dreds of j feet through earth and solid Irock i . k, fcU,, Vi..wur fe! .T.nt; " The peasants ,. ' from the nearby village look at awe. j It Is mercilessly hot. Thiat is -bjjfore' the monsoons have be rth to taf e effect, and as far as the eye I can see the earth has a cracked,; dusty dryness. . Tha sweating Indian crew does some thing complicated to the driller. It bites deeper into the earth dowh to jmore than 300 feet. Then suddenly out of a big noz zle ffomes (a thick.' dirty, steady flow of water. It runs down hallow ditches, out and over the parched land. This seine may have ! been staged such scenes, have been staged before by governments anxious t impress foreigners. But unless this reporter is .very easily duped,-there was nothing staged about the reactions of the , village peasants when the water poured out over the fields. They made odd little praying gestures with their hands pressed together before their faces, ducking their heads and grinning. They were so obviously happy that they made' the onlooker smile in sympathy. ! This weQ would triple or quad ruple the yield from theicfields. would give them two or three crops a year instead of one. If the monsoons failed, the well would .make, quite literally, the ;rence between life and ClTith. - No American witnessing this Ml W rPOf Stwxyf Vi, No Fear freea First SUteoua, March Shall Awe tt, usi 1 Oregen. as aeee ad class matter ander act af congreas March S. U7fc office Zla a. trnmercuu. aamn. mendedj setting for. Maiiuchuria. the course of wisdom not to engage in military ' operations in China, making of it another Spain and renewing in conflict , It looks as though all the long effort of the United States to help China, from the days of John Hay's declaration of an open door, policy and the preserving of the4 administrative in tegrity jof China, o the liberation and material assistance of recent years, had come to naught, . Our policy is now! a blank and it is hard to see where jthe recently composed state department committee can frame a new and intelligent policy.j ; j - We tnust borrow something of oriental pa tience.) China is I still China. As in the past China'imay absorb its conquerors, this time an ideology ridden to victory by Chinese. The four or five hundred million people must still find subsistence, nd their new rulers will find in time they mukt do business with the out side world. It is jhot necessary to count on fail ure of (Mao Tsetuhg and his confederates. It is possible to count bn the eventual moderation of theit attitudes to! point where American as sociation will agajn be welcomed. The j White paper marks the end of a sorry chapter in American foreign policy . . . it is not the end of the book. .! A. Al Interim Committee Getting to Work A bevy4 of interim committees was created by tha last legislature. They have gotten round to organizing and Will soon get going on their as signments. Latent to organize were a committeo on taxes which jchose Sen. Howard Belton as chairman, and one on administrative reorganiza tion w!hich Rep. $udie Wilhelm of Portland will head, j Another Important committee was that on education and the subject of highways was continued for study by I a committee, several of whom were members of the one serving in the last bjennium. j - Thai interium committee method seems the way our legislative assembly prefers to act to get stuff in shape for law-making. In this way matter conies u after study and with care exercised in preparation of bills. Andther "perfect marriage" has gone on the rocksj this time not in Hollywod but in Italy. Ingrld Bergman,, one of the best loved of screen actresses, announces her intention to divorca her Swedish husband Dr. Peter Lindstrom. It appears she has fallen in love with another man, the Italian Roberto Rossellini, who is directing the movie she is1: making, "After the Storm. 1 'v The! two have been working together in South Italy,! and much! of the camera work was done on Stpomboli, volcanic ; isle near Sicily. Maybe it waj the environment that stirred new fires , of romance tie blue" Mediterranean, the sky, tha scarred valcano, the fishing villages, the singing boatmenj . . . and Rossellini. Presumably tl ere were inner conflicts within Bergman's heart; torn by Ipve and by duty, quit aa tense as those depicted on the screen. She has resolved herl conflict in her own way (to the regreft of many pf her admirers) and announces she MriH retire to private life (likewise to wide spread regret). Her final film seems to be well nam4d, "After the Storm." . also recom- for U.S. Surplus Wheat scene could help jfeeung a twinge of pride in the miracu lous drill which only the United States can make. And; no Amer ican could help feeling some thing more than regret that the drills will not be allowed to do their miraculous work on any-, thing like the scale which India's hunger demands. i I ' I The scene could be repeated many times, for throughout vast areas of this huge, j sun-baked land there is known to be water not far below the surface.. But ne scene is not oemg repeaiea. These special drills c&st a great anr Tt,T .M the scene is not beini repeated than a dozen such drills in the whole country. There are not likely soon to be more, simply because India does' not sell enough to the United States to earn the dollars to pay for the drills. i i This is the "dolljuf problem" in a nutshell, as it affects not only India but the whole non Soviet world. Meanwhile India continues to suffer 'from pre cisely the same evil that has been the communists greatest single asset in China -j- there are too many people, and too little food. India's food problem is not essentially insoluble. It 4s a matter of a 10 per cent deficit m the productivity of .the In dian land.; This deficit must be neasured not in terms of per centages, but in terms of half starved Indians and the kind of bitter political unrest which plays directly into communist hands. j s j The Indian government is now preparing to make a strenuous effort to overcome this deficit. The UnltekStates caiL no doubt, do something to help increase India's productivity under Pres ident Truman's "bold, new pro gram. But the kind of really bold and ! really new program: required sharply to! raise the Jndian standard of living in ! short time would' run into many! hundreds of millons lof dollars.! and it is hardly likely that the American congress, m its pres- jurcton. xcieppone x-zsti. up an international trusteeship Even now it seems that it was I the far east another global ent mood, would consider such a proposal. Yet another," and more modest proposal has now been made by the Indian government to the American government through the American embassy here. This proposal, which is a great deal more interesting than it appears on. the surface, is aim ply that some of America's sur plus wheat be turned over to India free or at a nominal price. This wheat would then -be used to Cover part of India's food deficit in the years to come while India struggles toward self-sufficiency. . It is entirely predictable that wheat, and other agricultural surpluses; will soon begin to pile up in the American granaries. The American farm price sup port program, which was un dertaken wholly for American domestic and. economic reasons, and which is approved in prin ciple by both major parties, makes this certain. This tro gram, as British Foreign Min ister i Ernest Bevin has pointed out. Vastly complicates the world-wide dollar problem. If wheat and other American pro ducts were allowed to fall to their natural price levels, fewer foreign dollars would buy more food. The Indian proposal poses a simple but vital question: What is to be done with this wheat, for which the American tax payer will already in effect have paid? It could be left to rot in American bins. Or it could be J used to promote American in terests abroad. Surely Ameri can interests are better served if American surplus wheat is eaten by undernurished Indians than if it is eaten by rats in warehouses. At any rate, one thing is clear. If the economic dilemma which now threatens i the whole non-Soviet world is to be dealt with, it must b attacked with energy and imag ination. The Indian proposal, which the state department is now; mulling over, suggests at least one avenue of attack. (Copjrrisbt. IMS. Nw York Hcrtld Tnbuas. loci lffl . - : ri U U U fJ nun I i.hi BKai m aam h - mi mm PCD ODDS (Continued from page one) ha found an ebony cabinet at Malahide castle in Scotland, oc cupied by a descendant of Bos well, an ebony cabinet containing his manuscripts. CoL Isham was able to obtain the material and published it privately. Later a croquet box at tha castle was found filled with BosweUVpapers. In 1931 two wooden chests filled with Boswell letters and papers were found in a Scottish resi . dence Boswell was a Scotsman. Back to Malahlda castle, and a new discovery of a mass of Bos well correspondence in the loft of an outbuilding the stairs to which had fallen away. All of this material was collected by Isham, Its acquisition for Yale university was made possible by a gift i from the Old Dominion Foundation established by Paul Mellon. Recently arrangements were made for publication of .'11 this material with McGraw-Hill publishing firm. It Is expected to run to 40 volumes; What the world will get is a fresh view of 18th century Brit ain. Boswell was quite as ob jective and confiding a diarist as was Samuel Pepys a century earlier, who has kept the world in stitches since his diaries were published. In addition there will be fresh revelations many self made through letters and con versations of famous figures of the time, Oliver Goldsmith, Sir Joshua Reynolds, David Garrick, Edmund Burke, Robert Burns, Rousseau, Voltaire, William Pitt. What Matthew Brady, photog rapher, was to the Civil war, with his photographs of charac ters and scenes, Boswell was, as faithful reporter to the world of his day, the world of wit and wisdom, as well as the world of sots and whores. He was well acquainted with both. Publica tion of this material will raise the curtain and expose to view a period which long has held the Interest of students of history, of literature and of life. fFsaaBajaaajwasgWaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaai kt3HMa!iiXiiiEi9HHHHK Wl Of VJ61'$ POltelAS SEP GttOWS FROM ONC OF SMALLEST 6KPS DOUfrLAS OREGON AND WASHINGTON MAY GROW tTD 9n ccct im ucisor &c i p ac it vtrx IN DIAMETER AND WEIGH AS MUH AS 200 TDN5, IT TAKES 40,000 FIR SEEDS TO MAKE A TOUNP; &0,000 Wfc5T COAST MEMUOQt SEEDS; Z5QOOO SITKA SPRUCE SEEDS AND 4OQ0OO WESTERN REP CEDAR SPEDS, Your Health The next time 1 you go! into your bathroom do what :I did tha other day. Take a look in side the medicine cabinet The chances are that it is cluttered up with everything from! half empty bottles of medicine pre scribed for illness, long j since cured, to stray hairpins and cos metics. . ! It is this catch-all character of the average family medicine chest which makes doctors re gard it is more of a hazard than an ever-present help in time of trouble. , j To be really useful, the medi cine cabinet need contain only a few articles. Several rblls of gauze, a packet of sterile fcotton, and some adhesive tape dressings are essential. There should also be a bottle of some mild anti septic. A mild ointment for minor burns may be of lvalue. Salves and ointments in, tubes as a rule are. preferred to those In jars because they remain ster ile for a longer period of pme. 'A good mild antiseptic is a 2 solution of iodine and alcohol. It should be tightly stoppered and replaced at regular intervals be cause, if the alcohol evaporates, the solution becomes too strong. Medicines change when al lowed to stand too long.; They do not keep indefinitely. While these chemical changes nay not make the drug dangeroujs, they do cause the preparations to lose their effectiveness. Thujs they are good for nothing but jto take up space in the cabinet- This loss of potency, due to standing for several months, is nibt only true of many medicines! but of vitamins as well. ' - Every prescription w$ich is kept should be carefully labelled. If you do not know at ' a bottle or box contains, get rid Of it I " ' Many medicines must be stored in a cold, dry place. The . medicine cabinet in' the bath room is neither cold npr dry. Hence, it might be better, to take the medicine cabinet out of the bathroom, but, wherever It is lo cated, it should be in a well lighted place, so that labels on medicines may be easily read. Aspirin is one preparation which may well be kept cm hand. It is one of the safest medicines to use for pain relief until tha physician prescribes other prep arations if he thinks they- will be more suitable. - LARXrffST LIVING THIrJsS FIR TREE FIR TREES Of i I l Writtea by Dr. Herman N. Baadenaaa. MJX Despite all the warnings of re cent safety campaigns, the home medicine cabinet is still the cause of many accidental poi sonings. Many of those could be avoided by careful labelling and the enforcement of a household rule that the label be read before administering any m e d 1 cine. Children can and should be taught never to poke or pry into the cabinet, and, as an added safeguard, dangerous drugs should be kept on the highest shelf, out of the reach of curious fingers. The medicine chest can be useful if it contains the proper preparations, but it may also be a source of danger If it becomes a catch-all for pills, pins, used medicines, and cosmetics. ' QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS H. R.: If a person has throm ' bophlebitis and a part of the clot breaks loose, what would be the symptoms? Answer: The symptoms in such a case would depend upon where the blood clot lodged. For example, if it lodged in the heart, it might cause such heart symp toms as shortness of breath, pain in the chest, severe weakness and anxiety. If it lodged in one of the blood vessels in the braini it might cause such symptoms as unconsciousness, or paralysis of one side of the body. A blood clot lodging in the lung tissue might cause severe cough with frothy, bloody ex4 pectpration, chest pain, and shortness of breath. (Copyright. 1949. King Features) Literary Guldepost By W. G. feorers BEARDS: their social standi ING. RELIGIOUS INVOLVEMENTS, DECORATIVE POSSIBILITIES AND iiu,s in UPrtNt-E AND DEFEN CE. THROUGlt THE AGES, by Regij- Beards schismatic, romantic, pmiosopmc, royal, patriarchal, Protestant, Catholic, eastern and western, true and false, are the very serious subject of this very uicrrj uuuk, i Serious? Certainly Beards have been the cause of wars, the topic of solemn church councils, the objects of taxation, masks for treason and signs of sedition. A man tripped on his eight-foot, nine-inch board, fell and broke his neck. I - Moses, too, had a long beard, and he wrapped the ends of! it around his fingers in the Miche langelo fresco. But artists are not reliable, says Reynolds. The Bay eux tapestry incorrectly makes the Saxons beardless, and stained glass in Paris St Denis errs equally in showing Saracens with shaven chins. anaven, ox course, is com parative. Beards have been hack ed, at with shells and other dull implements, so that a close shave in the Middle Ages was about as close as a toothbrush, the author estimates. He isnt sure whether Adam and the angels were beard ed. But beards were worn by ennst ana the Apostles. Confuci us, Diogenes, Mohamet., Charle magne, and of course Barbaros- sa, whose name is a give-away. uiueDeara, nowever, deceives us: if was Gilles de Rais, he had no beard at all, and only one wile. The most curious and fascinat ing information is turned up here by an author with a wit aa sharp as a razor. ariy, and too amhl tious, barbers were forbidden to attempt cures of the toothache ... and also told to stop dissect ing corpses in the kitchen. Beards, like moustaches, used to be tuck ed away in special cases at night, Some people wiped their greasy fingers on their beards, others stuck their toothpicks in them between meals. Epileptics, luna tics and bearded men were once iumned together. Remolds has cone into the The 1949 legislative interim committee to study the Oregon tax setup meeting in Salem Friday indicated that while it would confine its operations to matters suggested in the legislative resolution it would invite- suggestions from any source, including another tax structure investigating group approved recently by the state board Of control. ) It previously was reported that number of legislators has re sented appointment of the board of control tax study committee -on the ground that two interim studies jon the same subject might result in duplication and confusion. Both the legislative committee and the board of control group will Tile their recommendations prior to the 1950 legislature. j Sen. Howard Belton, chairman of the legislative interim committee, said Saturday he hoped there would be coordination between the two investigating groups. "We discussed briefly appoint ment of the board of control com mittee at Friday's meeting, Bel ton said, "but no proposal was of fered for joint sessions of the two groups. The board of control committee was suggested by state treasurer Walter Pearson, who said he want ed an investigation of the tax structure free from political in fluence. He emphasized that the current tax; structure is Inade quate to meet changing economic conditions and a number of amend ments are necessary. Pearson re ferred particularly to proposed changes in the state income tax laws and acts involving the ad ministration of the inheritance tax and gift taxes. Gov. Douglas McKay, at the time of approving the board of control committee, said such an independent investigation might result in some good. Members of this committee said an organization meeting probably would be held within two weeks. It was generally agreed among legislators that the recommenda tions of the legislative interim committee would have .priority over any report filed by the board of control group. Officials stressed there would be no expense attached to the opera tions of the board of control com mittee for the reason that all its members are now on the state payroll. Books Close On State Fair Stock Entries Livestock entries closed Friday night at Oregon State fair head quarters with a record number of purebreds in most classifica tions. Manager Leo Spitzbart said he expects nearly 5,000 animals to be on hand when the fair gates open Labor day. Competition will be particularly keen in all beef and dairy cattle classes. Meanwhile, the 187 acres of fair grounds are being improved in preparation for the state s biggest outdoor show. The 77 acres of parking space have been complete ly disced and leveled. Demand for commercial display space is reported to be the heaviest in history. The farm machinery display will occupy two of the eight blocks on the fair's main midway. Helene Hughes, veteran San Francisco theatrical producer, has assured Spitzbart the night vaude ville show in front of the racing grandstand will be the finest ever offered at the Salem plant . . Miss Hughes has also booked a trio of high wire acts as the basis of a free midway show four times daily. " Harrison Cutler, horse show manager, has been deluged with stall requests for horses entered in the combined horse show-rodeo. The combined show will be staged six nights of the fair with straight rodeo competition slated for Sun day afternoon, September lL matter of beards with a fine tooth comb, and his book is the cat's whiskers. I I j I IS NOT TRADE-MARKED - M lJ from coo to" domes to cosmetics, I iwogeo oy me irooe-mornj mey i - 17 carry. Not so with diamonds. Their I I I '; - . auolitv ic datefmincvl bv the iewei- I ; f ' " "I0 then. Trwst vs to seitl I 'II'. . I I ' J.gSg' ' CONVENIENT PAYMENTS I : gijjij,- . . Urealey . . - , : - jl- M Sll BnOdlng jggj jzwzlezs a savxzsMrrHS . v-J Salem, Oregon , I ! ii i t' Truck Crash Kills Driver, Halts Trains BAKER, Ore, Aug. 8 -V A gasoline tanker plunged off the highway near here today, killied the driver and disrupted rail traf fic. j The truck came to rest on the Union Pacific main line near Qx man, burst into flames. The body pf the driver. Warren Roger Al leii, 37, Baker, was burned almost beyond recognition. The heat curl ed the Union Pacific's rails be yond use. I The cause of the wreck, which apparently happened' in early morning, was undetermined. An other gasoline truck driver. R. W. Lewis, Baker, discovered the wreck as he drove by. j The truck had crashed through a guard rail, gone down an em bankment and overturned onto the rails. Allen's body was found be tween, the demolished cab and the truck trailer, where he had either crawled or been thrown. j PFC Danielson Made Corporal PFC James C Danielson. son of Mr. and Mrs. A. X. Danielsoni of 168 N. 12th st. was promoted to corporal on August 1 after eight months' service, according to word from Boiling air force base, Wash ington, D. C. . " Danielson, a writer, radio and television announcer for the j air force, is now working with Na tional Military Establishment headquarters in the Pentagon. His recent article, "Marriage in jthe Service", which appeared in Jthe picture-news magazine. The Boi ling Beam, was reprinted by ithe Washington papers and carried by The Associated Press. f Danielson was recently pro moted to roving correspondent! for the Beam. He is assisting in pro duction of an officer's handbook, a new guide to the Washington area. Road Work Request Forms Available Soon I: Multnomah county forms tq be used under a 1949 state law for road improvements were received here Saturday for study by Mar ion county officials. As soon as forms are approved and prepared, they will be available to pardons planning to petition for improve ment of public or dedicated rdads, said county court members. Under the new law, propjerty owners can petition for road j im provements by the county, with the cost to be assessed against adjacent, property. Several requests f for such work have already come to the court's attention. i 33 Dangerous Convicts Escape German4 Prison HAMBURG, Germany, Aug. 6 -Wt- Thirty-three dangerous criminals escaped from a penal camp last night in a mass break during a riot involving almost 400 convicts. ! Eifht have been recaptured, of ficials said tonight Hundreds of German police are searching; the lonely bogs of Emsland for! the remaining 25. I I mM I". Si A irv waW WW niVM w e W