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mechanized milker. It has brought rationalism
and Marxism and the supposedly comfortable
assurance that the brief span oi this life . . . is
all to which individual consciousness can lay
claim . . Yet sometimes it is possible to feel to
day that Western man: has forgotten even the
face of happiness and would not recognize her
if she came to him with open arms. Dustily por
ing over blueprints, grumpily analyzing the sup
ply and demand curve?, angrily discussing the
socially significant, he would wave her aside."
'"Careful, static, hygienic" Western Europeans
are skillful in planning "better" or more con
venient living. In Italy.) the standard of living is
low, but the satisfaction of being alive is high.
What the sociologists and economists call "the
disastrous Italian birthrate" is what makes the
difference. JThe cynical comment "if Italy had
more cinemas, it would have fwer babies" is
all wrong; "the vitality of Italy, its continued
faith in the importance of being alive and giv
ing life is one of the -keys to its capacity for
living," this observer says.
The prolific Italians,; she notes, do more than
sit in the sun and drink wine. They labor end
lessly to live and feed and reproduce themsel
ves on that barren soil, toiling too often with
out modern equipment, intensely cultivating the
tiny terraced collection of carefully manured
soil. And that "realism of living is combined
with something which the western world has be
gun to lose:" a two-dimensional view.
"The result of this dual vision is, naturally,
that whatever else may be true of an Italian,
he is not bored. At one end of his life the door
is still open on mvatery and wonder, on the
world of poetry and maiiic: he still sees eternity x
leyond the sky and feel that Jiis life, dwarfed
and humble perhaps, worn with work and warp
ed, with poverty, is surrounded by vast powers
and is moving toward an infinite climax."
Nostalgic about "a twist of wisteria in a flow
ering Judas tree or sheep moving in a golden
sunset under the ruined aquaducts of the Appi
an Way" Barbara Ward sighs lhat "to return, to
Italy will be ... to return to beauty, to happi
ness, to magic, to the life we know we are made
for. Jthe life that is so Seldom ours.'
And a good thing, too. Most Westerners, prob
ably including Miss Ward, would, not want to
get any closer to the life of the Italian, or any
other peasant, than to; observe its picturesque
ness from a tourist's speedy convertible.
Thp Italians were just barely snatched from
communist . domination because the Marshall
plan, in the nick of time, promised them those
material aspects of Western civilization that
Miss Ward disparages: farm machinery, etc. If
the peasants were so happy with their lot they
would not have given; so much support to an
alien1 and Godless do;?ma.
It is probably true that the Italian's l'allegro,
his jpy of living, is his most precious possession,
the part of his nature that makes it possible for
him to bear h low standard of living. But it is
douhtful that Italy can export this joie de vivre
in the same way it has given Western civiliza
tion Roman law, great music, art and scientific
achievements. Happiness is an individual and
relative thing; and each man must find his own
Jn his own way . , . Meanwhile, Italy can con
tribute to the Westerrj nations its strategic lo
cation in the Mediterranean.
Middle Class Under Crossfire
If ihe American form of government ever l'
overthrown, it will not be by the extreme Left,
or communists, but by the extreme Right, or
fascists.
This is the warning made by a Nebraska rep
resentative to congress recently when he sug
gested the house set up a committee to investi
gate the right-wingers the same as the un
American activities committee is probing leftists.
It is the same warning New York Herald Tri
bune writer Leland Stowe sets forth in his new
book "Target: You" (Knopf. 1949). Today the
great, broad American middle class everyone
-between the handful of citizens who might qua
lify as the proletariat and the small group of
brahinins is under the crossfire of Right and
Ieft totalitarianism, he contends. And the prob
lem for Americans is to steer down the middle
way that will preserve both our domestic free
doms and our free enterprise system; that will
keep U.S. conservatism free from fascists and
liberalism free from communists.
Stowe's reasons why an American?fascism is
more likely than communism to become a se
rious threat to U.S. democracy are:
The overwhelming majority of Americans are
" aroused to the Red peril-, while seriously un
derestimating the dangers of Black reaction.
The American middle class is infinitely more
susceptible to jingoistic extreme nationalism
th.m to Marxism.
Anti-semitism and other racial prejudices are
being recklessly spread.
Middle -class resentment against U.S. labor
unions is widespread. Anytime a demagogue
who promises to put "the Reds, the Jews, and
the unions in their place" may whip up a pow
eiful mass following.
M.tny American conservatives and reaction
aries as their taxes go up and theirprofits are
acutely reduced through huge government ex
penditures will inevitiibly be open to the kind
of 'special benefits" propaganda the fascists ex
ploit. Some wealthy industrialists can always be
lii .ii:uinl r ft ,n t i in 1 1 ;c-t Liimc fs a mrht
wing. anti-Red and mpei nationalist movement.
Itipnily increasing military influence in U.S.
will inevitably tempt some of our generals arid
a lmiials to combine with Mid support reaction
f my movements.
Any future drju es-ion or futuie war will
greatly inc rease the strerifctlf of the i ight-wing
forces.
The Catholic church, strongly mobilized
ag.iiiist communism, is not expending similar
effoits-to prevent fascism.
The American people us a whole don't know
what fascism is hud how it opeiates.
Extreme Ieft and Right have the same ob
jectives: to sow dissension, disintegrate the mid
dle class, overthrow the democratic capitalistic
system and set up a dictorship. Their tactics,
too, are alike: persistent distortion of truth and
inflaming prejudices and emotions by propagan
daThe best counterattack is the slow, hard task
- of fighting emotionalism with logic and reason,
promoting a broad popular understanding of the
dangers of both totalitarianisms, and strengthen
ing, improving our way of life wherever it has
weaknesses.
rwx- p&a fTua vi r :
Gunshot Frightens
Tavern Patrons
Instead of Bandit
PORTLAND, une JPr- bar
tender fired a shotgun, attempting
to frighten away a robber lajt
night, but all that happened was
the robber found things easier.
The bandit, armed with a re-
vaV(ot 4r4- fnV taken f 101-
from the cash register and two cus
tomers, when Flenn r. Shores,
sneaked to b back of tha
tavern and fired a shotgun into
the air. It so frightened the cus
tomers that they , dropped to tha
floor. This made it easy for the
bandit to flee without anyone
seeing which way he went.
If free of bacteria, milk
keep almost Indefinitely.
will
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Your Health
Written by
Dr. Herman N.
Bundensen, M.D.
l ii ortal)Ic IAllepro
Italy's contribution to the Western world
now that the Atlantic Pact and the Council of
Europe have formally restored the Italians to
the fold could be, if not a recipe for joy, at
least a reawakening (it the need for it, writes
British journalist Barbara Ward in the New
.York Times magazine.
Since "the Italian economy is poor in every
thing except its capacity to produce men," its
material contribution to reconstructing, the edi
fice of Western life, reinforcing its defense and
rebuilding its economy will be small. But when
the house is built, Italy can provide ''the1 voice
- singing in the kitchen or from a corner of the
vegetable garden." Miss Ward complains:
"Modern living has brought the small family,
mans production in industry, the tractor and the
In' coal mining there's no doubt who sits in
the control tower flashing the green and red
signals to go or stop. It's a big chap with bushy
eyebrows. 7
The cotton crop forjl949 will show a 15 per
ccr4 increase according to an early estimate.
And is is doubtful now if we can dispose of it
by adding an inch to the Chinaman's shirttail. w
Pelton dam on the Deschutes continues to get
a peltin'. The department of the interior is join
ing the fishermen in opposing the dam. With
some more delay on Pelton McNary will get un
der (on) the wire first.
Infectious polyneuritis is one
of the more ' serious forms xt
nerve inflammation. As the name
Indicates, many of the nerves are
affected at once.
The exact cause of this disor
der has not been found, though
it is suspected that a virus, that
smallest of disease-makers, may
be at .the root of the trouble.
However this may be, about one
half of the cases seem to follow
some infection in the nose and
throat. Others seem to occur as
the result of poisoning with lead
or arsenic, or a severe vitamin
deficiency, particularly of the
vitamin B-complex.
In this condition there may be
paralysis of the muscles of the
trunk, back, neck , abdomen, and
chest. During the acute or active
stage of the condition, the patient
may not be able to move the
arms or legs, raise his head or
feed himself. The muscles of
chewing and those which move
the eyes are rarely involved. It
is common, however, to have dif
ficulty in swallowing and talking.
These are among the first symp
toms to disappear as the patient
recovers.
The amount of paralysis varies
greatly in different cases. Once
the power begins to return to the
muscles, improvement occurs ra(
pidly.
There may also be such symp
toms as tingling or numbness in
the feet or hands, or even in the
tongue or face." These symptoms
may occur several days or even
veeks before paralysis. Redness
of the hands and feet, and sweat
ing of the palms and soles may
be present. Fever is also noted
in some of the patients.
In treating patients with poly
neuitis, good nursing care is ex
tremely important. Pain may be
relieved by the giving of drugs
which the physician may pre
scribe. Hot packs afford relief
from pain in many cases. It may
be necessary in some instances
to put the patient in a respirator.
If mucus collects in the throat, it
may be sucked out with the pro
per device. Splints may be em
ployed to prevent the stretching
of weakened muscles. Later on,
massage and active exercise are
of help.
It would appear that there Is
a great need for thorough study
of this condition so that the exact
cause may be found and more
adequate means of treatment dis
covered. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
E. P.: I have ringing in the ears
and a burning sensation in the
back of my neck. Is this due to
blood pressure or menopause?
Answer: The symptoms you de
scribe might be due to a blood
pressure disturbance. It is not
likely that they are due to the
menopause.
another child, now 6; and taken
care of 26 other children.
The others have come and gono
since 1941. At present there arc
seven of them.
Larsen. who Is a Bellingham
native, disclaimed any credit for
his big family. "It is all," he said,
' my wife's doing. She wanted to
do something when the war came
along."
Brazil or Brasil was the name of
a legendary island in the Atlantic
Ocean and historians believe its
familiar existance as a geographi
cal location led to that name for
the South American country.
iimiNoiw
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Pricti thown include Federal Tan
STEVENS & SON
Jwlri Silversmiths ;
Livtslty BWg.
Phone 3-SUS
390 Stat St.
Salem, Or
Foster Father
Of 28 Chosen
For Honors
PORTLAND, June 1 l-OP)-Henry
Larsen, A 58-year-old far
mer who has foster-fathered 28
children, was chosen "outstanding
father of 1949" today by the Port
land retail trade bureau.
Larsen, who has no children of
his own, had reared a grand-niece
now 19, since babyhood; adopted
Red Sphere Has Economic Lumbago t ierarv Guidenost
By Joseph Alsep I men as President Gottwald and i insky at the Paris Council of For- Aldaijf U1U WUD I
WASHINGTON. June - 11
Even although business is grow
ing worse in this country, and
Britain and the other Marshall
plan countries are running into
new economic difficulties, there
l at luifl nn
v anno lidatlon f
The signs sug
gest that the
Soviet sphere of
the world is also
I offering from
economic lumb-
, ago, particular
ly in the satel
lite area in Eur-
p ope.
In fait, this Is
!elie e4 to have
Iwn the cause
of a rather a-
rute H)litical crisis in Czech
oslovakia, only a few weeks ago.
And from the Kremlin's view
point, this is particularly grae,
since Czech indu try has been
relied upon, in all Soviet economic
planning, to contribute heavily
toAard meeting the industrial de
fu ietu ies in the mt of the Soviet
sphere.
In brief, at the time of the
communist coup d'etat at Prague,
the Czechs hid the highest ftan
dard of living in Europe; their
Inrluttr ml potential had actually
been increased by the German oc
cupier.; and they psesed large
-1
Foreisn Minister Klementis: and
the-10O per cent Muscovites like
Slanksy. the foreign relations 'ex
pert" of the party, Geminder, and
the hysterical information minis
ter, Kopecky. At any rate, such
high feeling arose that the Krem
lin's jCzech specialist who super
vised the Prague coup d'etat, the
deputy minister of foreign af
fairs. Zorine, had to hurry to Pra
gue to straighten matters out.
According to report sharp re
criminations were exchanged. The aimed ,to prepare for a truce on the
Gottwald-Klementis laction is economic front of the cold war.
even said to have gone so far as loj It is known that Mikoyan, the for-
bewail Stalin's command that j mer Soviet Minister of Foreign
Czechoslovakia stay out ot the. Trade and economic pecialist uf
Marshall plan, which was real the Politburo, thought Molotov wai
heresy. It is still disputed whether j wrong'in the first instance to walk
they were so impractical as to sug- i out on the Marshall plan ind
eesi that Czechoslovakia might join j take the satellites with him. Those
the Marshall .plan at this late . are steps that cannot be retraced,
date. At any rate. 7.orine had i But the signs suggest that the
eign Ministers meeting. What
was almost universally expected
of Vishinsky was a tremendous
propaganda offensive centering a
round German unity and the end of
the German occupation. Nothing of
the sort has developed, and no
thing of the sort is any longer
feared,
t
Accordingly, recent. Soviet tac
tics are now being interrupted by
some prognosticators as mainly
grim report to make when he got
home.
This incident was part of a
larger pattern, of course. The eco
nomic difficulties of the So let
zone of Germany, the reports of . e
sutantc to land collectivization in
Poland and Hungary a well as
European satellites, at least, are
going to be turned loose from al
most all political restraints, and
authorized to obtain what they
need from the west by any means
open to them. Actually, however,
thi is likely to do little good.
If this interpretation is correct,
the same thing is happening on
the economic as on the strategic
cent rontirMi of the Czech Com
munist Party, all fit into the pat
tern in various ways.1 The truth
foreign exchange reserves, bfith in! seems to be that the heavy bur-
Czechoslovakia. the complaints of front. Militarily, both the Soviet
poor 'labor productivity at the re- union and the west are rearming.
eah and credits. Since the rom
miuU took over, however, the
li ing standard has ciec'ined sharp
lr .The reserves of foreign ex
rh a ngr -"nave been e?haufted. And
the lack of cash to pay for goods
broad has produced a severe raw
material shortage, which in turn
Is seriously impeding industrial
output.
The problem evidently becam
s bitter Issue between the two
. wing of the Czech Communist
party - the more moderate I
. experienced group comprising Ku'ch
den imposed by Soviet re-armament,
plus the effects of political
isolation, plus the barrier of the
the American export controls, are
taking a heavy toll. It is particu
larly interesting that our expoit
controls are regarded as the moat
serious of all these unfavorable
factors. We are carrying on ra
ther successful economic warfare
without knowing it ourselves.
The e facts, in turn, are being
used to explain the surprise that
almost all the officials specializing
in Russian affairs have been given
by the behavior of Andrei Vish-
and the great question of the fu
ture is which side will fall be
hind in the rearmament race, and
how far.
' i
Economically, both are running
into severe difficulties, and thi
big future question mark is which
side will experience the worst
trouble, and how serious the poli
tical effects of thij economic trou
ble wj31 prove to be.
An atmosphere of complacency
is growing up, just because the
Kremlin is not growling its loud
est at the moment. But if the
two foregoing questions for the
future are seriously pondered, .t
will be seen that the complacency
has Tip present foundation.
Br XV. G. Sogers
TWO WORLDS AND THEIR
WAYS, by I. Compton-Burnett
(Knopf; 13.50).
You will remember, and shame
on you If you don't, the butler,
grownups and children in "Bulli
vant and the Lambs," the last
novel by this English author to
be published here. In this new
story you gratefully find their
likes again: Aldom. the butler;
Clemence and Sefton. the chil
dren; Sir Roderick Shelley and
his second wife Maria, their par
ents; Miss Petticott. thegoven
es; and grandfather Firebrace,
eldest son Oliver, teachers, Les
bia and Juliet, all relatives of
Maria's predecessor in the Shel
ley household.
Shall the little girl, 13. and the
boy, 11, be sent away from Miss
Petticott to the school over
which Lesbia and Julia, with
her husband Cassidy, preside?
Maria is sharp enough to realize
that the Firebraces need the fees,
and sensitive enough about her
status o suspect a scheme by
the dead wife's proprietary fam
ily to interfere in her affairs.
The children leave for the fall
term, both so determined to live
up to their fond mother's expect
t a tion that they will not stop
even at cheating to win marks of
which she can be proud. But in
the world they have left, as wt
learn eventually, there are com
parable deviations from the ac
cepted ethical standards; and the
moral is, that no sensible per
son, young or old, thinks hon
esty is the best policy if it stands
in the way of love and happi
ness. The irresistible fascination in
this author, however, is not plot
but talk. Perhaps it's true that
she has to write about some
thing; yet when ahe concentrates
solely on getting along with her
story, she may sacrifice some of
her ineffable distinction. In fact,
her work is best when the cur
tain rises, rather than at the
climaxes when it falls.
It is talk for talk's sake at
which she excels, for Miss I.
Compton-Burnett is not eye but
ear, and inner ear at that. When
she introduces the fumbling
Shelleys. with grownups a
youngsters mixed; or the merci
less children at Lesbia's school;
or the faculty at Juliet's ... on
such pages she fills her match
less dialogue with utterly unpre
dictable remarks, she flits amaz
ingly from ' sense to nonsense,
fche swings you around and
around until, helpless and hap
py, you hope she'll never let go.
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