v! j Th ElalMuaaxu Sclotri, Oregon, -Sotarfgy, Jqamtrr XI 1343 (Catered at the postotf-ee at Salem. imj nwoui vaccp pi The AsseelaWc PreM to tatftM eaetaatvty te the use AdvrtStac atpriouitaUvos Wm Ortmth. O-, Hn Terk. Okleage, MPfltiat AUDIT BtntXAU Or COtCVLATiOM Br Man ttm Ad Oregon . - . ana .,. .,. .SOS.- One month -Six months. One year jCood News from France In Francs the rationing of bread will stop on February lit. The large wheat crop of 1948 makes this possible. And the current favorable prospect for the 1949 crop gives some assurance that rationing will not have to be restored. The production last year was somewhere around 300 ration bushels, substantially in excess of the pre-war acerage of 289 million bushels. This is good news. Abundance of bread means that the people get food to eat, and bread is the mainstay of all continental diets. It means less resort to Black markets with their gouging prices. It means more energy so workers can perform more physical work. In fact plenty of bread may well start an upward spiral in French economy. Once started, like other spirals, it be comes self-generating. - 'With the economic machine again running and production increasing the temper of the people will be better. The forces of inflation will be spent, prices will start to come down. As the economy of the country grows healthier, so will Its politics. There will be less flirting or conniv ing with communism, less inclination to join DeGaulle's right Rally. The intermediate forces will prevail and French political conditions grow more stable. The widening effect of this will be to streng then the west not only materially but psycholo gically It should also permit some firm settle ments of problems of western Europe and of Germany. Perhaps we build too high a structure on the brief news item that bread will come off the French ration list by February. But great doors wing on small hinges and this may be the hinge which will open doors to real recovery in France, and through France to all of Europe. The Alumina Plant There have been encouraging signs recently that the huge one-time alumina-from-clay plant la North Salem may get a firm hold instead of temporary leases en life, and the project is one which could well interest Oregon's congressional delegation in Washington. The plant, costing more than $5,000,000, has been used primarily in the production of ferti lizer since Columbia Metals ceased the alumina experiments, but since its latest owners cancel led their $700,000 purchase bid its future has been somewhat precarious. - It would serve no purpose for the plant to become idle, and rot away. If the war assets ad ministration cannot find a bidder who believes the "plant can be amortized, it might at least permit a sale for little or nothing contingent upon payment from future profits if any accrue. It is known that at least two eastern indus trialists have been eyeing the property within the last few weeks and that the Salem chamber has not been idle. The plant is well situated for many purposes and lends itself to considerable EDeGaulDe Suspicious off By Jeaeph Alsea PARIS, Jan. 21 In the eyes of a visitor from the moon, Charles de Gaulle would appear as omy one more symptom of the polariza- uon of politics around the ex trmwnmm nt vforht IT .. w . . and left that is f . a major, phe- dark times. In Lm the eyes of a f r rreat man v Frenchmen, ! de i - hope for the strong and .stable government which France now lacks. But In the eyes of an American observer, de Gaulle is chiefly interesting in relation to the somewhat jerrybuilt struc ture of resistance to Soviet im perialism which has been so laboriously put together in the last three years under the lead ership of Washington. OAs an Individual, de Gaulle is Inevitably difficult for Amer J leans to understand. He comes, ) after all, straight out of the sev enteenth century. With his tall, hieratic figure, he looks as dif ferent as possible from a mod ern politician. His language, as the -brilliant Janet Ilanner has remarked is the French of Boa suet. And his conception of the role of France in Europe even in the Europe over which the Kremlin hangs like a long, black shadow, is not very different from the conception prevailing a in the epoch of Louis XIV. The American difficulty with de Gsulle, so notably illustrated in his relations with Franklin Roosevelt, is increased by his almost mystical faith in his own destiny, his compensating lack of respect for the human race in general, and his passionate, ob stinate insistence upon being French. No one could be less a citizen . of the world or more a citizen of his own country. All his qualities were somehow summed up, in the early months: after the French surrender, when he remarked to one of his start led and somewhat offended col - la bora (on, "You know, I am tpking Free France from the vurut ends of matches.? -J Jf M r .1 1 f ' ' j "No Fever Swcy$ Us, No Fear Shalt it toe" rrn First SUtcsaaa. lfrch ZS. 1U1 -THE STATESSIAN " PUBLISHING COBIPANY CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher Oregon, as second elass matter under act own I wi n a a, mwuirivw or ASSOCIATTD PSSSS miotct facxttc coast nrmuw or bussao or Elsewhere la tT -SA. Oiv month Six month . One year ijoe revamping if necessary. It has an able manager in .the person of Arch Metzger, and now is in operation again. But every help should be given to get it on a sound, permanent basis for the production of whatever is deemed feasible. Now He Belongs to Legend Louis Simpson died at North Bend the other day, but for decades he will remain a legend in the Coos Bay country. His father CapL Asa M. Simpson was a colorful figure in the early period of western development. He found gold in the Mother Lode country of California and used it to found an industrial kingdom in lumber and shipping. His interests ranged along the coast, centering largely in Coos Bay. Old CapL Simpson was the original Cappy Ricks of the Peter B. Kyne stories. The son Louie was something of a character himself. Where the father accumulated the son scattered, his' escapades with family funds in Paris being part of the legend. He built famed Shoreaeres on a point overlooking the ocean, which his father first discovered through a. glass as he was northbound on a lumber schooner. Louie was a builder too, founding North Bend and being identified with numerous business and financial interests, and proving a generous friend to North Bend. His Shoreaeres has be come a state park, though its mansion has been pulled down. That will seve to keep alive the legend of its builder. No-motion on ICC Steamship lines in coastwise service had a freight tariff bureau for 14 years, but the with drawal of ell companies but one forces the liq uidation of the Conference. The reason given for liquidating the organization is that the Confer ence petition in the matter of rates had? been before the interstate commerce commission for three years without being acted on. The steam- ship operators concluded that in the face of this non-action they might as well fold up their Conference. Three years seems an unforgivably long time) for a government body to sit on a petition in a rate case. How is regulation going to work if the regulators let essential work back up like that? Some decision surely could have been ar rived at in three years. A tax expert figures that you work for Uncle Sam from one-third to one-fourth of your time. If that's so we've a notion to work for ourselves the first eight months- end loaf on Uncle Sam's third of the year. If you eam$8,000 a year or more President Truman is looking at you. He wants you to pungle up more money by way of the income tax in order to finance, among other things, well, his salary increase of $25,000 plus $50,000 a year tax-exempt expense account. Finally, although he thinks of history in endless vistas, the very intensity of his French feeling makes him a little provincial. With this provincialism must al ways have gone a tendency to be suspicious. And the idiotic treatment of de Gaulle in war time, primarily by the American policy makers, has increased this tendency to be suspicious to an extraordinary . degree. When Winston Churchill in vited him to Britain just before D-Day, he at first refused the invitation on the ground; that he had no guaranty that he would not be placed in confinement by the British and Americans. In the same way, he has lately been accusing the unfortunate British, who after all take their German policy chiefly from us, of "following their traditional European policy of a balance of power, and seeking to divide France from Germany.'; No one can now predict which side will be victorious in the strange struggle that is now go ing on between the French cen ter parties and he del Gaulle movement. But from the stand point of American policy, the Important fact about de Gaulle is not that he may win, or that his strongly marked character may make him .llfficult to deal with, or that the world and France owe him much for what he did during the war, or even that his victory now would prob ably create almost as many French internal problems as it would solve. - 1 The important point about de Gaulle is, .very simply, that when be speaks about foreign affairs, be is essentially expressing the instinctive view of the French man in the street. This- is one of his greatest strengths. .Thus whether or no he is to come to power the' betting at this moment is slightly against him what de Gaulle says is! of the utmost importance to us. What he says is chiefly about Germany, his main preoccupa tion. Stripped of all the verbiage, his solution of the German prob lem can be simply described. First, he would internationalize the Ruhr, thus sterilizing the basic asset of the German peo ple. Second, : he would create at Aovxsnssfo West Allies ? . --rsftc - what he calls a "Federative Ger many," which means a Germany composed of petty states with out any strong central power. Third, he would then set Ger many free from control, except in the Ruhr, and he would in corporate the ""Federative Ger many" into a new European Union. His speeches make It clear both that he is reluctant to in clude Britain in this European Union, and that in any case be considers France should be the new union's dominant power. The role of the United States in this concept is apparently to provide the necessary financing. There are other features of spe cial interest, buttwe main facts stick out most importantly. First, de Gaulle trusts no oth er nation to safeguard the in terests of France. And second, although theoretically persuas ive, he is inherently impractical. For the German people will nev er permanently submit to such a program as de Gaulle's, unless foreign bayonets are permanent ly present to make them submit. Yet de Gaulle is far from advo cating the barbarism of a perm anent colonial area in the middle of Europe. Indeed he even proposes-- the re-establishment of German armed forces as an ele ment in the defense of this pro jected European Union. : If de Gaulle is impractical, yet represents the t passionate convictions of the majority of Frenchmen, what then is the answer? The answer seems to lie in 'a fundamental fact. De Gaulle's impulse to reject moat of what the western powers have done to date arises not from mere" French chauvinism. It arises, rather from the previous ly noted absence of any real sense of security in i France. Omnipresent fear not only ob structs economic , lecovery. It also prevents unemotional con sideration of practical political settlements. There is only one cure - for the United States to restore Europe's sense of secur ity by rebuilding the strength of the west at whatever cost. And this emphatically does not mean rearming Germany. It means first and foremost rearming the Unit ed States. fCepyrlfM. IS. Mew York Herald Tri.HUM.lBc4 4 ' :- " . ! SUN SPOTS! ! ' Literary Guidepost THEORY Or LITERATURE, by Rene Wellek and Austin Warren (Harcourt, Brace: $4.50; Of all the peoples of the world, we Americans, with the possible exception of the Russians, are most tempted to make relative rather than absolute judgments. We discern genius in a Raph ael "Madonna" because we are devout Catholics or Episcopalians. We attribute an authentic inspir ation to a symphony because its first four notes (in Beethoven's Fifth) are adaptable to wartime use. We indorse a voice because the singer (Aksel Schiotz) has a noble reputation as a patriot or condemn one because the singer (Kirsten Flagstad) has a dubious political reputation. We think highly of Thoreau's "Walden" be cause we like to go camping. We regard Victor Hugo as a great writer because we disapprove of Napoleon III. We see real artis try in the works of Sinclair Lew is, Nevil Shute and Laura Hob son and of James Fane 11 and Arthur Koestler because we hate racial discrimination or because we believe that in our rich 'coun try there is no excuse for pover ty and no place for Communism. Such reasons, so called, are DTP SCODDQB (Continued from page 1) actually were Immigrants from the Arctic One authority esti mates it took two million years for the walnuts and hickories to migrate from Alaska to the John Day region, but Chancy thinks a much longer period of time was required for the spread of these forests. Other trees that flourished in central Oregon' at this time were oaks, maple, birch, chestnut, dm. Only the birch survives there. . Now what does this suggest with reference to the climate of that epoch? It was relatively warm, "yet with winters cold enough that trees shed their leaves. The difference between the dawn redwoods and their California cousins is that the former shed their leaves (and .twigs) as do the hardwoods. The reason these trees no long er live in central Oregon is that in the later periods of vulcanism the Cascade mountains were ele vated. These cut off the warm, moist winds from the Pacific The result was that rainfall on the western slopes became heav ier in wmtertime, encouraging the growth of forests of fir and hemlock and spruce (evergreen), and very dry east of the moun tains, especially in summer. The flora had to adapt itself to the altered climate. ,Now the hardwoods are found much farther east where there is the combination of adequate rain fall and winters cold enough to encourage the shedding of leaves. Chancy offers these reflee tione in his conclusion: ' "In the light of our present knowledge it is not possible to determine how fully such changes in climate are related to topo graphic changes, or to what ex tent they are due to factors out side our planet. There is evidence for believing that the amount of heat coming to us from the sun differs from age to age, and that major trends in climate may be caused by this variation in the solar constant. Imposed upon such trends are terrestrial changes the uplift of the Cas cade range, the warping of North America above or below aea fSl ' not the proper basis, Wellek and Warren claim, for the criticism of creative work, in their case of literature. The formalist criti cism which they propose "must suppose that agreement between our own and that of an author or poem need not exist, is in deed irrevalent.w Poems and novels, they say, are separate and distinct enti ties; they are their own world and must be judged as such. They preface their argument about Hhe intrinsic study of litera ture" with observations on lit erature's nature and function, the insufficiency of the biograph ical and familiar approaches, and so on, and conclude with recommendations about academ ic practice which academicians will not relish. Much of this book will not be relished by many critics, either. It is true, it seems to me, that most of us like books because we like what they say. But the contention of Wellek and War ren that that does not make them good books is errufutable . . . indeed, that merely makes their authors food fallows. Until . - . whimsical and impertinent. level so that our Pacific shore has shifted back and forth from its present position. The altered topography which results from these earth movements has pro foundly modified the circulation of air and ocean currents wtuen control our climate. The changes in climate have been as slow as these earth movements. Tens of millions of years have been re quired to change the setting of the John Day basin from a sub tropical rain forest to a semi arid steppe. "Unless we believe that our continents and mountain ranges are now fixed, never to be alter ed, and unless we envision a climate subject to no future trends, we may be assured that the vegetation of Oregon will change in the future as it has in the past. . ' The changes are so slow how ever as not to be possible of measurement within the span of a human life. Life Insurance For State Police Provided in Bill A measure to provide members of the state police with S5.000 life insurance policies was intro duced in the senate Friday by Sens. Richard Neuberger, Jack Bain and Thomas Mahoney of Portland and Ben Musa of The Dalles, all democrats. The proposal provides a $10,000 appropriation from the general fund to finance the policies. At present the state police have ' no insurance protection. Appropria tions to widows of police killed in line of duty are authorized by special legislative acts. Measures Ask Increased State , Aid for Girls Bills to increase state aid to girls' institutions and to appro priate $873,000 for the boost were introduced in the senate Friday. The measures would increase the present $32 per month aid for girls from 12 to 18 to $1.50 a day or about $45 a month. The existing expenditure of; $42 a month for older girls would be hiked to $1.75 a day or $52 month. The bills were introduced by Sens. WDiam McAllister, Med ford, and Ben Musa, The Dalles, and Reps. David Baum, LaGrande, and John Sell, The Dalles. cnucism rises w we impersonal fgresa to consider and enact leglsla plane advocated here, it is only I aon to definitely establish state own- In the Senate nmoDCCKD SB ke Musa at others) Te pro vide members of state police with $3,000 Insurance policies and appro prlaUng 10,000 for purpose. SB 57HMcAlnster Sx others) To raise from $33 a month to $lMpr day state aid to wayward and delin quent girls from U to II In iostitu ttoas; those from IS to XI from S43 monthly to $1.T9 a day. SB IS (McAllister St, others) To appropriate $873,000 from f eneral fund for state aid to neglected children, foundlings. Indigent orphans and sup port of wayward girls la ease of pregnancy or 'venereal diseases (fi nance bill for SB 87 and SB M). SB 5S McAllister Si others) To raise state aid from $3S to 1J per day stat aid to girls over five la Institutions; those tinder five from $37 to f 1.7S a day. SB S (Wilcox St Coulter) Would Chang county road district meetings for tax purposes from November to May. To permit residents to vote tax boosts up to 10 mills per dollar and provide that approved Increeiss be filed with county clerks before June Instead of December. SB SI (County Affairs) To permit county courts permission to obtain federal plats or survey notes from any federal agency. Directs county courts to obtain all surveys and plat data made by federal government within counties. SCR S (Neuberger & others) Would create a joint house senate com mittee to investigate the Portland housing authority. a at J (Judiciary) would ask con- ership tidelsnds. KK-KXFXJtREO , Hem l. umiED SB 12, U, 54, U. Senate resumes 11 a-aa, Meeutay. Revenue Drop From Liquor Sale Forecast State liquor control commission officials reiterated here Friday that commission profits for the next bi- ennfum. applicable for public wel fare purposes, would not exceed $18450,000 as against $17,150,000 estimated by the state budget de partment in the 'state budget- It was pointed out by these of ficials that liquor gales have droo ped considerably during the past 18 months with indications there may be further decreases during ine remainder or the current bien nium. They announced that the full $22,000,000 of liquor profits appropriated for public relief for the current biennium would be ravanahle. Subcommittee hearing on the public welfare budget probably wiu oe neia next week, Joint ways and means committee members an nounced Friday. Potato Promotion Sought in New House Measure The house agriculture committee introduced a . bill Friday to estab lish a' nine-man Oregon potato commission which would set up grades and standards and adver tise the state's potatoes. It would be financed by taxing growers 1H cents for each 100 pounds. The commission, appoint ed by the governor, would hire an administrator for $8,000 a year. Abolition of $4,000 Position Asked A bill was received by the joint ways and means committee Friday abolishing the office of code com missioner now attached to the state' supreme court,' The office carries a salary of $4,000 a year. Under the proposed new legisla tion, compensation for compiling the code will be on a volume ba sis with the cost estimated at $1,500 a year. The ways and means committee was expected to take favorable action. r 'TOtKTOteon at 'Not Less Than5 Leaves the Shy as the Ceiling By Ralph Watson A few sessions ago when about all the legislators had to worry about was how to steer around deficits in the treasury Instead of hav ing to wrack their brains about how to get over having surpluses, they had the habit of using much the same phraseology in writing their salary bills as they did in fixing up a Jail sentence. Back in those halcyon years it was the prevailing custom in fixing ine penally ior stealing a sneep or breaking a bank or any other breach of the peace and safety to write it in the books that the cul prit should, if found guilty, be sentenced to the hoosgow for not less than 10 days nor more than six months, or .pay a una oz not less than $100 nor more than $500, as the case might be. And, u s u a 1 1 y, t hey threw in the af terthought that shoot him with both barrels If he wasn't feeling in a good humor or k,.4i tn circumstances war- Then when the great democra tic upsurge hit the country In the early 1930's and the legislature be came Imbursed with the Democra tic Way of Life, lmouea wiin biniv inv for all mankind and a desire to make periods of servitude still more pleasant at that period they shifted gears. From that time on when they wrote the laws the offending guy got himself soaked for "not more than" and the old ttnA harharous nrovision of "Not imu than went out the modern codes and session laws to hide their barbarity on the top shelves oi ine library, safe from the offended eye. Affects Electrical Week An of which leads up to Senator Lamport's senate bill 52 which is a newly offered addition to the legal machinery to guard the ha bits of those engaged in the in stallation of electrical equipment in both private and public build ings throughout Oregon. It Just illustrates how, once the practice gets to running in a certain di rection it just keeps on running along. Senate bill 5Z would nuua a new wing onto the present structure of the state department of labor, and it has a laudable purpose. It makes provision for an overall, uniform, fire and fool-proof installation of electrical wiring and equipment in buildings to be constructed every where in the state. And it reacnes out wide enough to dig into tne building codes of the dues and towns of the state to see to it that they follow the "state stanaard everywhere. Floor Set en Salary Nestled among the new matter of the bill provision is made for the appointment of a "chief elec-1 trical inspector who shall receive for his service -not less man 000 in annual salary. That, it would seem, is to syn chronize the provisions of the new code with the theory of the demo cratic war of life. It places no hampering strings upon the boss of the department but puts a xioor under him. It fixes him so he can start his insoector out at Five Grand a year, and if the value of the dollar keeps on supping n would be a simple matter to up the ante, since the ceiling is the blue, blue sky. Of course, senator Lamport has a good hunch in trying to fix it so that all electric wires will have to be inclosed in conduits and boxes and the old custom of string ing wires along the studding be outlawed and forgotten, it mas.es both the fellow who owns the house and his insurance agent feel better. But the thought that impresses you in how habit grows on one. Once you quit saying "not more-than" out of one side of your mouth you start saying "not less than" out of the other side. In the House PASSCO B 4S (Wells) Lets Multnomah county acquire Columbia Pioneer cem etery. ' IB SI fLleuanen and ethers) Per mit part-nratuel betting on quarter- horse races. . HB SS (Com. on High.) Allows state to tax gasoline ae-d to tXJS; ex- for use la stupe tna sutrtn. SS (Landoa) Requires highway unlsalon to pay cities their share of highway revenue semi -annually in stead of annually. BUS SS (Judiciary com.) Permits summonses to be served by any com petent person over 21. PAVOKABU BKPOBTS ADOPTKO (Vote See eat Meaday) BTB 21, tt, SS, M, SS, St, SI, 33, ST, SS, SS, ea, tt, as. cm s. onrems trp rox action Monday B 11 M, S3. S4. PAVOBABLJB BAPOBTS AOOPTKV Amended, vote aae Tee-day) B IS. SS, tT, SS, 24, SS. UrEISCD TO COMMTTTKKS B 15-111 lac. BE-BEFEIJtXD KB 42, tXTBODUCKD HB 111 (Agri. com.) Creates a potato commission for marketing controls. HB 114 (Geddes. CUe. Sen. Parkin son) Ups salaries of Douglas county officers around 10 44400; judge, com missioners, clerk, sheriff, siisssor, school supt. $4000; treasurer $2400. HB ill (uedoes. uiie, sen. rarsin- Increases from S3000 to S400Q and tlSOO to SS400 the salaries of Douglas county district attorney and his deputy, respectively. BEB lis (Jonnsoni Tovvaes for cne examination of minors before commit tal te couture Institutions. HB 111 (Drever. Morgan. Brady. Ben. Neuberger) Sets up state rent con trol, to be operative when federal con trol ceases, which would allow a at owner at least 4 ea original Invest ment. IIS (Morse) Increases salaries of Crook county officers treasurer gisoo to SZ90V. abertrr $2T0e to SieoO, clerk STKM si lis tusaaesi wtw of chiropractor examiner tag granted other state ornctaU, Instead of 2 cents. B US (Geddes) Increases from SS to SO cents the charge for the Oregon Blue Book. B 121 ss lee -hammer) Beau-res fu. cJorks. aemes l IIISlll 1S-SB I steteboerd the same U-ealx-i-Ire,,'44, limit on Salary Sparks Fly in Summons Bill The legislature got down to eases In the feather-ruffling department Friday. : The personalities in the; house were between Rep. Phil Brady of Portland and Rep. Warren Gin of Lebanon. During debate on GUTs measure to let any competent person over 21 serve a summons, rather than limit such duties to the sheriff and deputies, Brady said "It smells of a stool-pigeon bin," Gill, speaking slowly and direct ly at Brady, said: "Down In Linn county we don't take that X don't know what you mean by a stool pigeon bill but X wish you'd ex plain it? to me in the halls later. The bill subsequently passed with only three negative votes those of Brady, Rep. Grace O. Peck of Portland and Rep. Vilas Shep ard of Clatskanie who commented that "down in our county we're been trying for some time to get our sheriff a Job to do, to get him out of that chair." Sponsors of the bill said it was designed to facilitate service of summons when no sheriff or dep uty was immediately available. Two Portland Solons Qasli Over Housing The senate witnessed Its first near-battle Friday when Sena. Richard Neuberger and Frank Hil ton exchanged words in a 'de bate over Portland's housing au thority. The Portland senators Neuber ger, democrat, and Hilton, repub lican tangled over a house reso lution to set up an interim com mittee to study Oregon's houslnf shortage. The debate ensued after Neuber ger asked that the resolution be sent back to committee for amend ments. He requested the interim committee be directed to' investi gate spciflcally the Portland hous ing authority and its director, Her bert Dahlke. The bill waa re- referred to committee without specific instructions, however. After, the senate refused to per mit his amendment, .Neuberger and the five other democratic sen ators introduced a resolution in the afternoon session asking for a separate committee to investivate the Portland housing authority. KmiI i,ff. jt-lf ftvu4 Y"l Vi Y V a 1 . vn V. MrM .Ill m administration and the authority's asserted neglect to use federal funds to conduct a housing survey. He also rapped the final action of former, Portland Mayor Earl Riley in re-appointing Dahlke to the authority, before he left office January 1. Diary of A Siicwallx Snpsiiiie--i6iii mm January 22 Held conference to day. Now have several regular assistants at the New Stevens and Son Jewelry Store. One fellow worries ! me Says he's handled jobs like tfiis before. Claims he could fix up a place like this in a week. "Hang cur tains' he says. "Don't bother with the frills . . i, . just cover up the rough spots !" Guess he doesn't realise what a thorough type fellow I am. Wonder if Sid Stevens does?! -- m I ----aBl-a