4Thm SlcAmaoSam. OfqctTrtdtfr, DceAber I7,'1843 W '
"No Favor Sioay$ Us, No Fear Shall Awe"
Frees First Statesman. March it. 1S51
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
CHARLES A. SPRAGUE. Editor and Publisher
totrdtt PtHWiit SW. Oitfwi. m second rlasa Matter under act of eonrtN March X. 1171 FuMlana
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Double Haul on Metals
Disclosure that large quantities of aluminum
hipped to Europe under ECA have been reship
ped to the United States as scrap metal, at fancy
prices, has given a shock to ECA officials and
to the American public. Britain, Belgium and
The Netherlands bought about 100,000 pounds
of aluminum and lead scrap in Canada and New
foundland and then sold back one-fifth of it to
U. S. buyers. They paid 16 cents a pound for the
aluminum, with ECA dollars and resold it for
from 27 to 30 cents a pound. ECA also financed
the purchase of lead for the Low Countries,
which turned round and shipped half of it back
to this country, at a profit.
The ECA buying prrgrssi has thus worked to
the m;ury of the Uniied States. The importing
counties traded their -bndf e prtres for goods
they wanted more from Arrr r I: certainly
doesr : setj well with the U S A Ar.d ECA has
ordered a cutback of 34.50 ictr.s ir. allrtrr.er.ts
for Marshal-plan cour. tries.
The matter corz.es to p-i:c attention ;
fore congress mt-ets -a her. it will be confronted
with appeals from ECA for an extra billion dol
lars to carry the program through the fiscal
year. Later will come requests for another five
or six billions for another year of Marshall-plan
assistance.
There is no doubt that these expenditures
have helped notably in reviving European econ
omic life. All reports agree to that. The news is
trickling through to the soviet satellites that
they really missed the boat when they .heeded
Moscow dictum to abstain from sharing in Unci
Aim's bounty. We are happy to learn of this re
covery which in the end "should benefit thi3
country as well as the ones on the receiving end.
But there are also reports that the benefici
aries are slow to embark on self-help, slow to
exchange goods among themselves as was con
templated in the program of economic union of
west Europe. And they have been very, very
alow to step up at the loan counter to borrow
money provided in the ERP act. These facts will
b in mind when congress discusses the approp
riations for further ECA financing.
It would seem that our aid should be contin
ued under a schedule of progressive diminition.
As the economic machinery of Europe gets a
tart it should gather its own momentum, which
would reduce dependence on this country. The
steady extraction of wealth from this country
will have to be under control for the protection
of our own people. We hope the administration
when it slips the bill under the door of congress
for ECA for another year will set out a progres
sive reduction until we get to the bottom of the
tairs in a few years. We need to know that, and
so do the countries of Europe.
Ann Gibbens may be "way behind in chem
istry classes," as she says, but the Salem high
school girl who appeared on the New York
symphony orchestra program Sunday won't
have any trouble catching up in school, we're
confident of that.' Ann's appearance was a credit
to herself, her friends and her city and we hop
we are as fortunate in all our emissaries.
In its issue of December 13 the Pendleton East
Oregonian commented on the "delightful cli
mate" the city Jiad enjoyed "with Christmai
shoppers having no discomfort." In its issue of
December 14 the EO records in type and picture,
the ''worst snowstorm since Dec. 10, 1919." But'
a snow helps to brighten the Christmas season.
Airline Merger
or Immediately after the war there was a ereat
controversy among airline companies to get per
mits for overseas flying. Pan American Airways
which had pioneered very successfully in serv
ice to foreign lands exerted itself to the utmost
In support of its "chosen instrument" idea,
which meant that it would be given a virtual
monopoly so far as American aviation was con
cerned in foreign business. Several ambitious
domestic lines opposed this theory and made a
plea for permits to operate on selected routes.
. The civil aeronautics board, with approval of
the president, did grant several lines permits for
overseas routes, though it did not throw the door
wide open. The results have not been very satis
fying to those jumping into this business. The
expansion, with other troubles nearly broke the
back of TWA. And now American Overseas
lines, owned by American Airlines, a strong
An Ohio man has perfected a plastic glua
which holds iron shoes on horses so tight they
have to be sawed off. Longfellow wrote about
the village blacksmith, "a mighty man is he,
with broad and sinewy arms." He still will have
to be a real man to saw the shoes off hooves,
even if a pedicurist can fasten them on.
A liquor store; employe in Portland vanished
along with some $7000 of state money and his
lady friend. The incident makes the headlines,
the more so perhaps because it is so extremely
fare among public employers. These workers,
who handle millions of dollars of public funds,
are faithful to their trust in a remarkable de
gree. At least It can be said without qualification
that the 10 girls who spent a night in a gas-less,
zero-cooled car didn't stay out that late on purpose.
CRT
8COOOQ0
crom iiiifiii
(Continued from page 1)
domestic company, asks for permission to merge
with Pan American.
If this consolidation is allowed Pan Am's posi
tion will be greatly strengthened. Still operating
overseas is TWA, and Northwest Airlines has a
great circle route to the orient. The latter and
United Airlines also have routes to Hawaii.
United was smart and kept out of foreign
trade. President W. A. Patterson said he didn't
see how there would be enough business to sup
port all the lines that were seeking franchises.
Developments have proven he was right.
What will happen is that the business will
shake down, with Pan Am remaining in a domi
nant position, but with other lines having a few
special and profitable routes.
Let's Hear It
It may not be pertinent to the case at hand,
and the civil service commission was correct in
not allowing the remark to affect its proceed
ings, but the city should call the hand of At
torney Burris who declared he could "offer wit
nesses to show what really causes dissension in
the police department."
Most anyone would have to wear blinders not
to know there is dissension, and without reflect
ing on anyone pending substantial evidence, it
is time more cognizance was taken of it.
Officers Kiggins and Weaver have been re
instated to their job, the civil service commis
sion apparently deciding they had not been
guilty of misconduct or over-zealous in their
advocacy of a change in the city's form of gov
ernment. That's water over the dam now, and
while the case may have served a purpose in
clarifying somewhat just how far an officer can
go as a private citizen, it is no longer at point.
Decent regard for good sportsmanship on tha
part of all parties concerned should close tha
book on the incident.
But if an attorney or anyone else has facts
to prove that there is a remediable adverse sit
uation in the police department, let's hear them.
"double feature." First there is
the star himself who gives his
name to the show. Then, he in
vites a guest star who seems to
be one of the same guild. In
most cases the gag lines are
prepared for the visitor and all
he has to do is recite them. Any
good radio actor could do that,
but the big names get the call
and the money. To the country
consumers it looks as though
they might crack open the mon
opoly, but the stars seem to work
on the basis of scratching each
other's backs (when they aren't
pulling each other's hair).
Changes are going to come and
come fast, however. The "first
generation" in radio is getting
old. New people are coming
along. And soon perhaps well
have some new gags too. The
tailoring on a lot of t&e current
patter is obvious before it
breaks.
Hollywood
On Parade
By Gene Handsaker
By Gene Hapdsaker
HOLLYWOOD Bob Hope's
nose hasn't always had such a
pronounced upsweep, nor was it
always so broad at the base. One
summer vacation in Cleveland,
when he was 16, Bod worked for
his brother, a power-company
foreman. The job was clearing a
way for the wires through the
woods. Bob's job was climbing
each nearly chopped -down tree ,
and tying on a rope, so the tree i
could be pulled over. But one j
tree was hacked through farther
than he thought, and it fell before
he could slide to the ground. Bob
rode it down. The impact against!
the truck smashed his face, left
scars on his chin, lip and brow.
Bob was unconscious 36 hours,
during which the doctor remold
ed his shattered nose.
I asked Bob whether, all things
considered, it wasn't really a
lucky break, since he has capital
ized on his "ski nose'' or "scoop
nose." Bob reflected: "Who
knows? You don't think a Para
mount talent scout was down
there chopping that tree, do
you?" Bob's currently showing
the camera his upswept beak in
"Easy Does It."
The tensest two minutes I've
experienced on a set lately was
on the "Samson and Delilah"
stage when Director Cecil B. De
Mille didn't like the particular
headband that had been put on
Samson Vic Mature. DeMille, us
ually a charming gent, can get
quiet thunder and lightening into
his tones. He speaks his com
mands softly into a microphone
that carries his words all over the
stage. He called for still pictures
that would show which headband
Mature was wearing in a previous
scene which this scene was sup
posed to match. To an assistant
(via microphone): "Find out how
many people I'm paying to know
such things. Maybe we can get
rid of a few." Such activity you
never saw one wardrobe man
started hacking a fresh headband
from leather but soon Vic had
the proper one ...
Bstty Grable's enjoying her
first venture into slapstick com
edy in "The Beautiful Blonde
from Bashful Bend." As a
straight-shootin' school marm,
she blasts inkwells off the shag
gy domes of two prankish pu
pils. Sterling Holloway and Dan
ny Jackson. She shoots cigarettes
out of their mouths and whisky
bottles out of their hands. Prop
men have made 600 breakaway
kettles. Jugs, pots, pans and kero
sene lamps for battles involving
her and such movie old-timers as
Snub Pollard, Chester Conklin,
Hank Mann, and Elmo Lincoln,
the original Tarzan. EI Bren
del's doing a comeback as the
town marshal. Remember him in
such comedies as "The C'ockeyei
WnrH " "Snnnv Tin " anA
"Just Imagine?" i
17 TeamsterS
Appeal Verdict
To Union Board
Seventeen men who were ex
pelled recently from Salem Team
sters union for crossing a picket
line at the Salem branch of the
Pacific Fruit and Produce compa
ny have appealed their case to the
Joint teamster council in Portland.
Ward Graham, Salem Teamster
representative, said he was noti
fied of the action by the joint
council. The men were expelled
because they returned to work at
the plant after the union had vot
ed to strike. The men said they
felt the strike would not be set
tled. Meanwhile picket lines are still
around 13 of the Pacific company
plants in the state. These include
the Salem, Albany and Corvallis
plants. The plants have been
struck since September 28.
Union representatives and com
pany officials have not agreed on
a five-day week work clause.
Graham said that 10 union mem
bers in Klamath Falls also have
been expelled for crossing picket
lines there. These men were fined
$500 each.
rflaad dividing try ; four ' to get' the
wcigju ui aminomuRi suixaie re
quired. Place the material in a
container and add one and one-half
pints of water to each pound of
aanrrutnftiYn aii1faf tiA - - a f?ar it T-jw,e -
T - - udviu iuxxju. rurr : tot
is dissolved, set a freshly cut end
of the tree in the solution and al
low it to be absorbed, he said.
(Farm news on pace 12)
Scots,
.land
Paint Firm to
Occupy Central
Salem Store
W. P. Fuller & Company
announced through its Portland
offices Monday it will establish
a retail paint and paper store in
the former Sears and Roebuck
Farm store building in the 100
block of South Liberty street.
Grabenhorst Brothers. Salem
realtors, said Thursday the store
will be located in the north half
of the building, now occupied en
tirely by the Stettler Supply com
pany, implement dealers. The
Stettler company will occupy the
other half of the building.
Grabenhorst also disclosed that
the entire building will be re
modeled by Alan A. Siewert, Sa
lem contractor.
Grabenhorst said the company
had signed a lease on the store
with Gibson Brothers of Salem.
Elliott to Ask
Voting Change
PORTLAND, Dec. 16 -JP)- Rob
ert E. Elliott, northwest regional
director of the young republicans,
said Wednesday he would ask the
state legislature to revise the law
on delegates to political conven
tions. Elliott, Stassen's campaign man
ager in Oregon last spring, sug
gested that delegates to nafional
party conventions be pledged to
support the presidential candidate
winning the most votes within each
delegate's district.-.
Under the present system, all
delegates must support the candi
date who carries the state as a
whole-
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There's no fetter kindling with
which to start a fire in your home
during the Yuletide holidays than
a Christmas tree.
This reminder came Wednesday
from Charles R, Ross, Oregon
State college extension farm fo
restry specialist, as he adds that
each year the holiday season is
spoiled for many because of a pre
ventable fire.
Freshly cut trees are Jess of a
fire hazard than dry ones, adding
that all are hazards if treated in
correctly. Placing the tree ne3r a
stove, heating unit or open fire
place is an invitation to disaster,
he said.
To reduce the hazard In a Christ-
mas tree, Ross suggests treating
trees with ammonium sulfate
which is done by weighing the tree
(fesF -A
i
x
Japan War Trials Raise Legal Query
Literary Guidepost
By Relmn Mortn
AP roreign Affairs Analyst
WASHINGTON, Dec. 16 -(JP)
The case of Japan's war crimi
nals came before the supreme
court today.
Very probably, the court will
add no more than a few lines
to the long and astonishing
and possibly questionable
story of the war crimes trials.
It is not yet examining the
actual convictions, nor the death
sentences.
But perhaps some comment
may be made, some opinion ren
dered, on the fundamental
theory behind the trials that
were held first in Nuernberg
for the German rulers, and
more recently in Tokyo for the
Japanese. They may throw some
light on these two questions:
1. Is it legal for the victors
to act as prosecutors, jury and
judge in a trial of the van
quished? 2. Where do you draw the
line of responsibility between
a policy-maker, who plotted ag
gressive warfare, and an offi
cial or a military officer, who
carried out that policy?
Some noted jurists in all parts
of the world have seriously
questioned, and bitterly criti
cized, the whole process.
Xet's not get lost on any
detours.
There is no argument that
crimes are committed when cap-
t ! 1 rrl -afliH o i rmen urrA ayo
cuUd, and when political pris
oners in the concentration
camps were put to death. Inter
national conventions of long
standing have marked such acts
as murder.
It is in the sphere of policy
making where doubt exists,
where history has been written
and where later history may
render severe judgment on us
all
To take the second question
first, the question of responsi
bility Behind a desk at the penta
gon today is Lieut. Gen. Albert
Wedemeyer, a highly capable
and efficient officer. Gen. Wede
meyer is deputy chief-of-stalf
for plans and combat opera
tions. If we were to lose a war.
Gen. Wedemeyer most certainly
would be classed as 'a planner."
He might even be called a
"policy-maker" because it is
impossible to divorce political
considerations from military and
strategic factors.
And so, following the pat
tern that applied at Tokyo and
Nuernberg, the general would
be classed as a "war criminal."
But the general, important as
he is, stands only on the sixth
rung down in a chain-of-com-mand.
:
At the top is the president of
the United States, then the sec
retary of defense, then the sec
retary of the army, then the
chief of staff, then the vice
chief of staff and finally,
Wedemeyer.
If we lost a war, Wedemeyer
could certainly be accused of
having -planned" it That's his
job, to plan. He could say, as
German and Japanese officers
said, that they got their orders
from above.
At what point, then, as you
go down the line all the way
to a corporal, do you draw the
line? At what point do you
say, "This man made the plans,
whereas this one only carried
them out?"
An answer was given at
Nuernberg by Justice Jackson,
in his opening statement. "Com
mon sense." he said. He recog
nized lower and upper ranks,
but he said, "The charges
imply common sense limits to
liabilitiy, just as they place
common sense limits on im
munity." a a
But the question then arises:
Whose common sense? Common
sense is not law. It cannot be
specifically defined. It differs
with the individual. Would you
like to be tried for your life on
that standard? For the matter,
do you enjoy playing bridge
with the "common sense" play
er? Yet, there is an interesting
fact.
The Germans with whom I
talked had no sympathy with
Goerin? or the other govern
ment officials. They did feel the
military chiefs were unjustly
convicted. Yesterday, I was
talking to a Japanese newspaper
man. He said the Japanese have
no sympathy for Tojo. They do
feel, he said, that Koki Hi rota
was a victim of circumstances
rather than an active planner.
ELIZABETH: CAPTIVE PRIN
CESS, by Margaret Irwin (Har
court. Brace; S3)
Miss Irwin, one of the prac
tically innumerable novelists to
find that Elizabeth makes good
pickings, began her story with
"Young Bess," in which Sey
mour lost his head for losing his
heart to thel5-year-old girl.
Now four years latr, it is
a matter of dangerous days
rather than dangerous nights,
for this is more politics than
love, and Elizabeth's head is at
stake. Her dying brother King
Edward sends her an urgent
appeal to come bid him an eter
nal farewell, but as she is about
to rush to his side, she changes
her mind. Could Edward already
be dead, and this be a ruse of
Dudley's to get her into his
power?
So the wilful, sharp-witted
miss plays sick, and Jane rules
briefly while Mary, warned in
time, flees towaH the coast,
able despite her Catholicism to
rally the people behind her. Be
fore the crafty Dudley can get
his hands on her, Mary gets
her hands on him, and Eliza
beth pays for one of her fre
quent fits of temper with im
prisonment in the dreaded
Tower.
This installment, based on
more dramatic material, is a
bit less dramatic than the open
ing number. But Miss Irwin
keeps her characters alive at
least those whom fate does not
kill off. and there is a rough
and realistic vitality about
their speech.
ANNE OF THE THOUSAND
DAYS, a play, by Maxwell
Anderson (Sloane; $2.75)
Here I the Anne . . . Bollein,
Boleyn, Bullen . . . who gave
birth to Miss Erwin's Elizabeth
and taught her how terrible the
Tower could be.
Anderson places Anne In the
background of his stage through
out his swiftly-paced play, and
then In scene after scene takes
her back to the young lover
sacrificed for Henry VIII, to
the seduction, the marriage, the
state murders of Wolsey, More
and hundreds of others, and
Henry's awful elevation of Hen
ry to replace God's vican, . the
Pope. There are, as usual in "this
iplaywright, some fine round
lines, and a Henry more artic
ulate and appealing than he has
sfomed in most imaginative
works. The show is scheduled
for Broadway.
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FOUR DIE IN TORONTO FIRE
TORONTO, Dec. 16-(I')-A flash i
nre Wednesday snuffed out four
lives in a midtown Toronto room
ing;; house. Eight other persons in
the- three-story, brick house on
Central McGill street escaped as
the.blaze swept up from the base
ment and burned out the building
in half an hour.
I.
A Crand
Selection
Boxer style shorts
to match
$1.5i
The earliest roads about which
anything is known were those of
ancient Rome.
3 SHAG RUGS i
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g 471 So. CemX gl;
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MOXLEY & HUNTINGTON 418 STATE STREET
tgawigsiisiis