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FRANKFURT, July 29 Black lines tre roates f three air
orrldrs beinx wed by western allies to sapply Russian-blockaded
Berlin. The French licensed newspaper in Berlin said the Russians
had torn np 10 miles of railroad (A) used; by western allies be
tween western Germany and Berlin. (oF) Wlrephoto to .the States
man). "
Gem. Clay Flies D-flonrDe
For Report on Crisis
By Georre Bria f
BERLIN, Wednesday, July 21 -P)- Gen. Lucius D. Clay, Ameri
can commander in Germany, flew to Washington last night in an
army plane. He will report on the growing Berlin crisis.
Clay took off from Frankfurt, accompanied by his political ad
viser, .Robert Murphy, and will outline current strife with the Russians
to the department of the army.
TftDOOGa
This is about a word: mono
lithic. It is an old word, coming
from the Greek monos,i-meaning
single or one, and lithos, mean
ing stone. Monolithic means "of
one single piece of stone." A
concrete wall or monument is
monolithic.
The word is coming into a new
use, however, part of the po
litical lexicon of the day. I no
ticed that Dr. Gordon Wright in
his late book on "The Reshaping
of French Democracy" wMch
merits a full review) uses it fre
quently with reference to the
emerging political parties of
postwar Franc. The word i? also
used with reference to the to
talitarian state.
Russia is an example of the
latter "of one iingle piece-of
stone." Despite its title of Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics,
Russia's government is definitely
monolithic, the power highly
centralized. In that country also
there is but one party, the com
munist, which, too,-is monolithic,
single, rigid.
Now the opposite to monolthic
is plural or federal. This country
is (or was) molded on the fed
eral plan with powers except for
definfte grants reserved to the
states Rome was a great empire,
built on .the power of the Roman
empire but its policy was onof
rather broad tolerance. The Brit
ish empire was always rather
loosely held and now has become
a commonwealth of self-govern
ing nations.
Within a country formed on
the democratic model there will
be more than one party. Here we
have two major parties but per
iodically ' 3
(Continued on editorial page)
WORKER ELECTROCUTED
HILLSBORO, Ore., July 20-(
A 2300-volt electric shock killed
William Jaco, 37, Portland Gen
eral Electric Co. lineman, today.
Jaco was working on a pole
when he touched the line.
COMMODITY TRADING UP
WASHINGTON, June 20 -(JP)
Trading in farm commodity fu
tures increased' sharply in. the
fiscal year which ended July" 30.
Animal Crackers
-By WARREN GOODRICH
"He's the fastest pUtboj
jr'r ever had."
S1ATWT MUS
He is expected to return to Berlin
Sunday. :
Before, he left, announcement
was made that American air
power in Germany would be bol
stered by 75 jet-propelled fighter
planes.
U. S. spokesmen In England said
r the 75 "shooting stars" jets, com-
prising a full group of fighters,
; would arrive in Scotland Aug! 4
: on the aircraft carrier Sicily, and
: A'ould be flown to Germany
! but not to Berlin.
' More Enroute
Another; 16 fighters of the same
type are enroute to Germany in
the first east-bound jet crossing of
the Atlantic. In addition 60 giant
B-29 superfortresses have arrived
at three RAF air fields in Eng
land for 'training missions."
There was some speculation the
jets might be used as escorts for
.hfc flying freight wagons now
supplying blockaded Berlin with
food. If the western powers de
cided that step is necessary.
rreoare movci f
The report of Clay and Murphy,
the top American policy makers
in Germany, is expected to play a
major part in deciding the next
American; steD in the battle to
break tlfe Russian blockade.
Sharp counter-measures have
een reported under cons id era
lion since Russia refused to yield
to stiff protest notes from Britain,
France and the United States.
Proposals have ranged from ex
cluding Russians from allied
j routes in other parts of the world
to the drastic step of sending an
armed supply convoy through
Russian barriers.
Eggs Scramble
Another Cent Up
Prices Ladder
Salem housewives were paying
one cent more a dozen for all
grades of eggs Tuesday after sim
ilar boost was effected in whole
sale prices.
Retail prices were generally 73
cents a dozen for large grade AA
eggs; 71 cents for mediums and
56 cents for small and cracks.
Buying prices were boosted
from 60 to 61 cents on large grade
AA's; from 58 to 59 cents on me
dium grades and from 43 to 44
cents on pullets.
On the wholesale market eggs
were raised from 64 to 65 cents
on large grade AA's; from 63 to 64
cents on mediums and from 48 to
49 cents on cracks.
Judges Given
Difficult Job!
Some really fine pictures al
ready are entered in the second
week; Of The Oregon States
nan's photo contest and the job
of the ; judges is expected to
be even more difficult by the
deadline tonight. Winners will
be published in TOUR HOME
NEWSPAPER Sunday.
Any amateur may enter (those
who take pictures solely as a
hobby j or for the family al
bum.) I More than $250 in
prizes Is being awarded in the
four-weeks competition in the
(four 'classes animals-children,
portrait-character study, pictorial-scenery,
and news-sports.
(Rules on page 2).
Just send your entries (which'
must - have been taken since
June 1 of this year) to the Pho
to Department of " -
drwaC$0lattma&
?T)?0" ' NINETY-nGHTH YEAR 10 PAGES Thm Oroa Statesman. Satem. Oryon. Vmdndar. July 21. 1948 ' Prlc 5 - No. 110 Slll' ' P
fii I ' .- L. ' - .1
i n n t ts a - : n 7n a r? n nn n n
ir V Tl ; ' .
Culinary
Workers
To Strike
Unionized Salem r e s t a urant
workers voted to strike against
some 60 local restaurants, the
Salem culinary alliance announ
ced Tuesday.
The organization of 500 men
! and women will meet at 8 p.m.
j Friday in the labor temple to
decide when to strike and how
to carry it out, said A. B. Peder
son, secretary of the alliance.
The strike vote Monday fol
lowed a wage dispute between
union members and Salem res
taurateurs. Pederson said a
strike was favored by about 80
per cent of the 500 members,
with nearly all members voting.
The union is requesting a 10
cents per hour increase for wait
tresses, cooks, cooks helpers and
dishwashers. If granted the boost
would 'push waitresses' pay up
! to 62 Vi cents per hour for the
! first 200 hours. 67 Ms cents for
the. next 200 hours and 75 cents
per hour thereafter. Other work
ers wages would be upped on
a sliding scale to a higher aver
age.
Pederson said Tuesday that
about one-third of the approxi
mately 100 local restaurants and
cafes involved had signed the
new contracts. These houses, he
stated, would not be included in
the strike.
The strike vote culminated a
series of meetings between the
restaurant owners and union of
ficials at which "no agreement
could be reached. It was indi
cated Tuesday, however, that ne
gotiations have not broken down
completely and that a settlement
may bo reached before the Friday
night meeting.
UW Professor
Challenges
Contempt Test
SEATTLE, July 20 A
University of Washington profes
sor put squarely to the legisla
ture's un-American activities
committee today a test of its threat
to bring contempt action against
balking witnesses.
He refused, firmly but politely,
to identify former fellow mem
bers of the communist party.
All six members of the commit
tee, when polled lated, said they
would vote to take him into court
on a charge of contempt of the
legislature unless he recants.
The witness was Dr. Garland
Ethel, assistant professor of Eng
lish. He said he was. a member of
the communist party from 1934
through 1941. He joined the fa
culty in 1924, was absent 1930-33
and has been at the university
since 1933 except for four years
in military service. He said he is
not now a party member.
His showdown, clash with the
committee came in response to
specific questions as to whether
he sat in communist party meet
ings with five other faculty mem
bers, who had been named by
other witnesses as having been
communists or having attended
party meetings.
Albany Names
Superintendent
In City Schools
ALBANY, July 20-(Special)-A
43-year-old Wyoming educator, I.
R Halseth, today was named su
perintendent of Albany city
schools.
Chairman Floyd Mullen of the
district 5 school board said the
new superintendent would begin
his duties August 1. Halseth, grad
uate of Eastern State college of
South Dakota and of University of
Wyoming, has been superinten
dent of Green River, Wyo, schools
the past five years. He has taken
summer studies at yruversit ox
Minnesota. .
Halseth succeeds R- A. McCor-
mack. superintendent here the last
nine years, who was not rehired
by the board this year, after a
protracted board controversy sev
eral, months ago. Members Of! the
school board did not disclose their
reasons for discharging McCor
mack. ,
McCormack said he has no im
mediate plans. . '
j Halseth 4s here with his wife.
a son, t, and daughter, 4. They
have not yet found a place to live.
8TASSEN-DEWEY TO MEET
NEW YORK, July 20-P-Har-old
E. Stassen, reiterating a pledge
to campaign for Gov. .Thomas E.
Dewey, flew here today en route
to talk with the republican presi
dential nominee.
Full-Groicti Cougar Roams in
Wallace Rbad Neighborhood
Resident along Wallace road
four miles north of West Salem
were reminded that the west is
still slightly wild Monday night
when a full-grown cougar was
observed roaming the neighbor
hood. Joseph Singer, owner of Sin
ger's Rose Gardens in the neigh
borhood, said he was awakened
about 11 p.m. by loud cries com
ing from his back yard. He rush
ed to the scene hurriedly, think
ing of his nine-year-old son,
Keith, and 17-year-old daughter,
Josephine, who were sleeping in
a tent in the back yard.
Singer said he saw the cougar
prowling about 100 yards from
the tent. He quickly ran to get
his brother, Louis Singer, who
is a next door'neighbor, and the
Forest Fire Closes
North Santiam Road
'DETROIT, July 21 -(Special)- State police reported early this
morning that a forest fire of undetermined origin had closed the
North Santiam highway west of
under control early this morning,
S. T. Moore, whose workers are
area affected.
Moore said that the North San
tiam highway will-be closed un
til sometime this afternoon due -to
the dangerous condition of the
highway caused by falling- burn
ing snags, rocks and debris which
had fallen from the sides of the
canyon in the area affected.
The fire is located, Moore said,
in the vicinity of both the old and
new highways and had covered
approximately 40 acres by early
this morning. He said it Is burning
directly on the boundary between
the Willamette National forest
and the state protected area, two
miles below the Detroit dam site
and 10 miles west of Idanha. Ap
proximately 160 men will work In
controlling the fire this morning,
Moore said. George Bunke, of
Molalla, district warden. Is In
charge of the state protected area
and Moore will be in charge of
the national forest area affected
by the fire.
Moore and state police urged all
drivers to stay away from the af
fected area because of the ex
tre m e 1 y dangerous conditions.
Workers, he said, are considerably
hampered in fighting the fire be
cause of the difficult terrain and
steep sides of the Detroit canyon
where th fire Is burning.
Weather
Max.
79
77
73
Kin.
M
89
S3
Prclp.
Salem
Portland -
San Francisco
.00
.00
.00
.00
Chicago
tl 8
.... 83 68
New York
WUlamett river -2.4 ' feet.
FORECAST (from VS. weather bu
reau. McNary field, saiem: mostly
cloudy today and tonight with light
rain expectea tomorrow, nign tem
perature today near 77; low tonight
near S3. Conditions excellent for all
tarro activities but afternoon winds
win hinder dusting and spraying op
erations.
SALEM PRECTP1TATIOW
rrsa Sept. 1 to Jaly 21)
This Year
LasfYear
Average
37.43
4S.S4
Governor Digs to Start Sears
r
a
Using a gilded shoveL Gov. John H. Hall Is shown above turning the first bit of dirt . to mark start ef
construction en Sears, Roebuck, and company's new store at the North Capitol street shopping center
project. Watching the Taesday morning ceremony were, left to right, Etta Sutter, employe of Sears,
Klnce Its opening In Salem In 1934: Gene-Vandeneynde, Sears' Salem manager; Gov. Hall; Mayer
R. I . Elf strom; James Walton, president of the Salem Chamber of Commerce; and George Gra
benhorst. realtor who handled transact! , when the two-block property was purchased by Fa
eifle Matnal Life Insurance Co. (Photo by Don Dili. Statesman staff photographer.) (8tory en page 8)
pair returned with a shotgun.
They were able to walk within
50 yards of the big cat before
it scampered off into the brush.
Singer said the animal meas
ured about six feet from tail to
head, and was stalking as though
in search of food. He f and his
brother were unable to give
chase, he said, because they lack
ed hunting dogs.
By odd coincidence, the cougar
escaped by running through
property owned by Mike Morris,
noted Lebanon cougar hunter
who recently bagged three cats
near Sweet Home. Morris recent
ly purchased the land as the site
for a new home, but was away
Monday night.
Singer said his children have
decided to sleep indoors until the
cougar is caught.
Detroit The fire was still not
it was reported by District Ranger
engaged in contolhng half of the
Mileage Rate
Upped by State
Control Board
Increase In the allowance for
use of private - owned automo
biles for state business, action to
obtain plans for a city sewer con
nection for Hillcrest School for
Girls and a recommendation that
the legislature increase; the state
restoration fund, were among state
board of control business matters
transacted here Tuesday.
The board increased the allow
ance for use of private automo
biles in state business from 5 to 6
cents a mile to become effective
on September 1.
It also recommended that the
1949 legislature increase the state
restoration fund from $100,000 to
$200,000, which would increase the
assessment against state properties
from 18 to 28 per cent The state
restoration fund Is used by the
state as a form of commercial in
surance and fire losses under the
fund for the past two years aggre
gated $.'"'.,000.
The board directed that plans
be obtained for a sewer to connect
Hillcrest school with Salem city
sewer system.
Approval' was also givea by the
board of a request of the state li
quor control commission to re
model and enlarge its current
quarters in Portland at a cost es
timated at from $500,000 to $750,
000. The board's approval was
contingent upon the investment
not interfering with old age assist
ance which is supported by liquor
profits. .
(Other board business, page 2)
Frame-Up
Charged
By Party
NEW YORK, July 20 - (JP
Twelve UJS. communist party
leaders and members were indict
ed today on charges of advocating
the overthrow of the United
States government.
Among them was William Z.
Foster, head of the Communist
Party of America.
Seven, of the group, Including
general secretary Eugene V. Den
nis, were arrested and arraigned
on the charges.
; The others, named along with
the first seven In 'secret indict
ments returned by a federal grand
jury investigating alleged sub
versive activities, were being
sought.
A formal statement by the
communist party, released a few'
minutes before the seven were ar
raigned, denied the charges and
characterized them as a "mon
strous frame-up."
Plead Innocent
One of the group was arrested
and arraigned in Detroit, Mich.,
tonight. He was Carl Winters, 41,
chairman of the Michigan state
council of the communist party
and a member of the party's na
tional committee. t
The others were taken into cus
tody in New York City. All those
arraigned here entered pleas of
innocent, and the same plea was
entered for Winters in Detroit.
The other four under arrest
were:
New York councilman Benjamin
Davis: John B. Williamson, trade
union secretary for the party;
Henry Winston, party organiza
tional secretary; and Jacob Sta
chel, educational secretary.
All 12 indicted were identified
by federal authorities as members
of the communist party's national
board. Davis and Winston are
negroes.
The nve being sought were
identified as
Irving Potash, manager of the
CIO furrier joint council of New
York City; John Gates, editor since
July, 1947 of the Daily Worker,
official organ of the communist
party in the United States; Rob
ert G. Thompson, chairman of the
New York state communist party;
Gilbert Green of Chicago, Hin dis
tnct chairman for the communist
party at Chicago, and Gus Hall
of Cleveland, Ohio, 'chairman of
the Ohio communist party.
The six arrested In New York
City were arraigned before Fed
eral Judge Vincent LeibelL who
set bail at $5,000 for each
Shortly before 9 p.m. (EST) the
six defendants in New York City
were paroled overnight in the
custody of counsel after.
Carpenters Cut Space
For City Hall Elevator
Carpenters had cut through two
floors in city hall Tuesday and in
stalled new studdings in prepara
tion for installation of an elevat
or on the hall's .north central side.
The ..ground floor entrance of
the elevator will be in the spot
receritjx; vacated by Salerri muni
cipal court which has new quar
ters In the hall s renovated third
floor.
Construction
i t
i
J
V
'
'7
. . .
Arrested
NEW TORS, Joly 29 William
Z. Foster, head ef the eeaa
snanlst party ef AmertesC was
: among those arrested today la
New York. en eharres of advo
eating the overthrew of the
United States government. .
France Seeks
Strong Leader
For Premier
PARIS, July 20-iTV-The names
Edouard Herriot and Paul Key
naud were most mentioned for
premier tonight as the French
searched for a strong government
Lto speak for them In the four-pow
er dealings they expect over Ber
lin. ,
Premier Robert Schunian re
signed last night, after the social
ists Quit his cabinet and voted
against his defense budget.
Friends of former Premier Her
riot were especially anxious . to
have the 76-year-old president of
the national assembly ' come back
and head the government through
what one of them described as .the
"trying months ahead." I j
Reynaud, last premier before
the surrender to the Germans in
1940. was opposed in some quar
ters because his name is linked
with the disaster of 1940.
Schuman himself still was a pos
sibility to head a new cabinet. His
defeat did not come on a formal
vote of no confidence and he might
Lhe called back to succeed himself.
Georges Bidault, his foreign min
ister, hurried back from a meet
ing of the Western European un
ion foreign ministers In The
Hague in an attempt to save the
government for the popular repub
licans. Kansas Town Isolated
By Flooding Streams
EMPORIA, Kas July 20 -4Ah-
Emporia, caught in the fork to two
rivers, was all bu Isolated to
night as one of the worst floods
In southeast and east central Kan
sas surged through rich lowlands.
Hlehways to the east, west and
south were blocked by the Cot
tonwood river. Roads approach
ing from the north were covered
by the Neosho's nooa waters.
14,500 Vehicles
A study made by the Oregon,
state highway department of traf
fic conditions on the Marion-Polk
county bridge here shows that ap
proximately 14,500 vehicles cross
the span daily, R. H. Baldock,
state highway engineer, announ
ced! Tuesday.
Sixty - three per cent of the
vehicles, the study: of June 10
shows, crossed the bridge during
the hours between 7 a. m. ana
II p. nx, during 16 hours when
the count was made, and either
were destined to or originated
rom points south of Center street
The other 37 per cent either or
iginated from or were aesunea
for points north of Center street
- West Salem city officials inter
ested in a new bridge, however.
asserted the actual count that day
covered only 13 hours.
The factual study of the destin
ation charts made shows that the
bvious place for a bridge, in or
" er to give the shortest possible
oovement to the greatest ntfsnber
of people would be at the end of
State street However, it is equal
ly obvious, the report states, that
the width of the river and the ex
pense of right - of - way make
this location prohibitive.
The study further, showed that
37.6 per cent of drivers of ve-
-
' ' - ;
. ' I
c'
t
L t w i "-('
By Jack Batledre
WASHINGTON. July 20
President Truman today ordewd
all American men 18 through 29
t4 register for the draft between
Aug, 30 and Sept, 18. ii
! No one would Drediet when
tial) inductions will ; begin1. Iut
thisr can not be before Sept. 22,
or ltd days after Mr. Truman ign
Wthe draft bill making it lw.
Eighteen - year - olds, not sub-'
jtct ito the 21-month draft may
begin enlsting in the armed r
ices tomorrow. By volunteering
fr one year and then scrying m
linger period in the reserves they
riay: avoid the draft later. By law
only 161,000 of the 18-year-cJts
y be accepted. ' n . I
Maj. Gen. Lewis B. Hershey.
lective service director, empha-
:ea mat all men 18 through 25.
Unless they already are in the c- :
tjve armed services, must register,
j Whether or hot a man is Exempt
ffom the draft makes; no jdiflcr-
extce, he said. j :
I General Hershey estimated that
this I means approximately 19,500,-
000 men wUl sigf urj aft America
4,000 draft offices izt ; the 20-ofcy
period beginning Aug.! 30. j
The registration dates ar stag
gered, with men 25 -signing, up
first, men' 21 next, ' and ko on.
1 Just because registration cate
are ordered by age 1 groups ios
rtot mean men will be -drafted in
that order, selective service head
quarters said today. j
I This has not been decided jet."
they said. '.'(.
i Neither has it been decided how
ihany men will be called, Thfct,
said selective service, Is up to the
army, ' and will depend a lot n
4ow many volunteers are sicntd
"The army orders men, fend we
lust deliver the number, they le
luest," the draft office satd. '
f Secretary of ArmyjjRoyfcll t aid -
tecently that the first: call will be
I relatively small. The drait calls,
e said, might, total about 30,100
month. . . , .
!. M I
PORTLAND, Ore, 'July 20 -7P)
hen the -draft begins, the fcrmy
xpects to take 840 men a month
rom the Oregon district whith
nciudes western Idaho, f
UA. CoL F. C. Dahlquist, com
ndes of the Oregon district, s& id
ecruittng stations at Boise, Idaho.
d at Portland and Eugene would
roc ess 1,680 persons monthly in-
uding volunteers. Half pt them
e expectea to be rejected.
This will be 83 a day at the
ee stations, Dahlqu it t said.
rtland will handle 50, 1 the re-
der to be divided about
ually between Boise and Eu
gene. ' j
I Men drafted from eastern Ore
gon will report to Boise. Tboe
southern Oregon will go to
ugene. i I
Oregon will have 30 local e
ctive service boards compared
th 57 in the wartime draft.
lembers for 17 boards halve been
ended by Gov. John Hall
or appointment by the president.
Additional details on page Z).
pecial Stamp
A
o
Commeniorate
State Centeiinial
WASHINGTON." july 1 0 -VP)-.
The postoffice department an
nounced today that thei
special
rommemorativ stamp fori
the Or-
got! centennial
celebration
will be
issued Aug. 14 J
The date Is
the anniversary of
the1 organization of. the Oregon
territory. The
three-cent stamp
Will be releasM firtt at; Oregon
ity, where a
ur-day ce
ebratioa
will mark the
casion.
The design
tures an
ox-team
and covered
agoni nanited ry
portraits of
John iMcLough-
in and Jason
, pioneer, leaders.
HlOW
jiirvey
Use Span Daily
Nicies crossing the bridge were
estined for work 30.3 on business!
10.2 on recreation;. 8.4 on shop
ping; 4.8 to serve passengers; 2.8
(unknown 2.5 for meals; 1.8 for
pnedical purposes; 0.9 orj vehicle
kervidng and 0.7 for schooling,
j The highway department tn
pMHinced that further studies are
now to be made in connection witla
construction right - of - way costs
bn several proposed sites ;and also
jto gain some idea of the growth
jof a greater Salem. ' I j
j Some thought will be given, the
department said, to theJtendency '
(of the business district to grow
.northward and the possible traffic
pattern in- effect about 25 years
pence. All studies i made by the
highway department; are pursuant
to the request made by the Salem
pong range planning commission.
otra SEiniidns
is- i i .
I
i