i ' I 1
it 4
- i
UJ
NINETY EIGHTH YEAH
Solons Told
To Refuse
7o 'Jim
WASHINGTON, March 31 -
gress today that millions of negroes will refuse to be drafted into a
"Jim Crow" army. He said he would advise them not to bear arms
and drew a warning that treason charges might result if he does.
The witness, A. Philip Randolph, president of the AFL Brother
hood of Sleeping Car Porters, declared that negroes "never will" win
1 civil rights unless a drastic step
OtP
SS3HB
fuCDODDCg
The Oregon supreme court puts
ts foot down on "mail-order" di
vorces. In a decision handed
down Tuesday it affirmed an opin
ion by Judge Vandenberg of
Klamath Falls, sitting in the Mult
nomah circuit court. It held that
a divorce granted in Nevada to an
Oregon citizen who went down
there and stayed three months is
not valid here. The cue of the de
cision, as expressed by Chief Jus
tice Rossman, is that the one seek
ing the divorce had no intention J
of abandoning his Oregon domicile J
and acquiring a new residence in !
Nevada. This decision follows
those of some other states on the
same subject.
There is no doubt that Nevada
has exploited the divorce business 1
by requiring short residence (six j
weeks) and making very simple
the process of slipping marital !
moorings. Jr'or thai matter one
wonders why a person living in
Oregon should go to the trouble
and expense of moving to Nevada .
even for six weeks. Our residence
requirement is longer, - six months
- and we make no effort to attract
the "trade." But divorce here is
quite easy; not quite push-button,
but where the defendant does not
resist, very simple. So there really
is no reason to run away to Ne-
vaua lur uic ummu ,,,6 f1"""'1; f
- The decision has this merit that
it tears the mask off subterfuge i
(Continued on Editorial Page) 4
Peaee Train9
To Visit Capitol tl
!
LOS ANGELES. March 31 -(P)- j
A "peace train" carrying 250 cler- i
gymen and laymen of various j
churches will leave Los Angeles
for Washington April 21, it was
announced today, to lay before
government officials a "demand
for a constructive peace program."
Dr. Robert B. Pettengill. of the
University of Southern California
faculty, said cars from San Fran
cisco and Portland will be added to
the train at Salt Lake City.
An announcement said "recent
acts of our government have I
drawn us closer to war with Rus- 1
sia " i
j
ARC Drive to Continue
,
lieyond Uf licial dosing ;
Marion county Red Cross fund
campaign ended officially Wed
nesday, $13,500 short of its quota
and campaign officials announced
that the drive would continue un
till the quota is met.
L. A. Ballmer and Fred B.
Keeler, county campaign co-chairman,
announced that during March
the drive netted $41,500. This
county's quota had been set at
$55,000.
Animal Crackers
By WARREN GOODRICH
"Beg pardon, friend, but would
you mind trading berths?"
J 7Tf '
4
f I V 111 II II II II II
16 PAGES
Negroes
Draft Call
Crow' Army
iPy - A negro union leader told con
is taken.
Appearing before the senate ;
aimed services committee, he and '
other negro leaders asked that !
amendments against racial dis
crimination and segregation be in- :
eluded in any temporary draft or ,
universal military training legisla-
tion.
"I personally will advise ne
groes to refuse to Tight as slaves
for a democracy they can not
possess and can not enjoy," Ran
dolph asserted.
His proposal for a civil dis
obedience protest against the
draft brought advice from Sen
ators Morse (R-Ore. ) and Bald
win (R-Conn. ) that he is making
a mistake and harming the civil
rights cause.
Must Face it Now
But Randolph, who recently
toldyPresident Truman that ne
groes would hesitate to shoulder
arms unless segregation were
abolished, declared that "We've
got to face this thing sooner or
later and we might as well face
it right now."
Randolph was urged by Senator j
Morse to reconsider his disobe
dience plans. The senator, an ad
vocate of civil rights legislation,
told the witness that this is not
the way to gain full civil rights. .
He asked Randolph if he were
saying that he would tell negroes
not to shoulder arms "in protec
tion of your country."
Doing: Country a Service
"That is correct," Randolph
said. "I would be doing my coun
try a great service. If it does not
develop the democratic processes
at home then it is not the type of
country worth fighting for."
And if the country goes to war?
Randolph replied slowly that
there is time to change the laws.
but if it were not done, he "would
recomrnend that negroes take no
-
uwirinc oi treason
Morse warned: "Then the doc
trine of treason would be applied
to those participating in that ci
vil disobedience."
"No white man has ever felt
he sting of Jim Crowism," Ran-
dolph declared. "My people can't
even get a sandwich here or go
into a notei
'
WASHINGTON, March 31 -(JP
Gen. Jacob L. Devers. chief of the
army field forces, told reporters
here today that the army has no
plans for changing its handling of
negro troops.
He explained that now one ne
gro battalion is placed in . regi
ment with two white battalions.
SMELT RUN THINNING
TROUTDALE. March 31 -(Jp)
Both the fish and the fishermen
were decreasing in number to-
Satndyer smeltj;un-
now in its fourth day, was thin-
nin down-
Politics on Parade . .
Who's Running for What in the May Primaries!
(Editors note: Comments in this
series are made by or for the candi
dates without restriction, and mav
or may not reflect the policy of this
newspaper l.
Today's Sabert:
Richard II. Spooner
(r)
Candidate for
State Representative
In placing mj candidacy before
the voters of Marion county, I
am expressing my sincere desire to
take an active part in our gov
ernment. This government has a
firm 'foundation built many years
ago by young
men of vision to
gether with older
men whose zeal
had been i temp
ered by experi
ence. Today, I
,t
prevalent inani I -ever;
before that! -r
me young people l l
have earned a I -j,
right to w o r k L
witn seasoned . h. Mmr
statesmen sin the formulation of
the laws by which their new fami
lies, businesses - their lives shall
be governed in the future.
Besides attending the Willam-
POUNDBD 1651
Th Oregon S talesman. Salem. Oregon. Thursday. April 1.
oiiwoolbiias M$ Hoi
Reaffirms
Inclusion
QfYrSL
nco
WASHINGTON, March 31 -(JP)
The house passed the $6,205,
000,000 foreign aid bill tonight.
The vote was 329 to 74. All four
Oregon representatives approved
it.
Aimed in larger part at block-
; ing communist expansion, it calls
for the largest overseas relief. and
1 rehabilitation program ever un
dertaken by any nation.
It includes $5,300,000,000 as the
first-year cost of the "Marshall
plan" for European recovery.
And it includes $425,000,000 in
outright military aid $275,000,
000 for Greece and Turkey and
$150,000,000 for China. China gets
another $420,000,000 in economic
aid.
Navy ta Deliver Planes
(The navy announced shortly ,
before the bill passed that three '
escort carriers will be used to de- !
liver planes to Turkey under the !
assistance program during the '
next few months. i
(The number of planes was not j
disclosed. But the 12.0O0 - ton car- '
riers can transport more than 100
planes each in 'ferry service.)
Besides the military and econo
mic aid provisions, the house ',
"package" bill includes $60,000,- j
000 for the United Nations child- :
ren's fund. j
2 Weeks After Appeal '
Today's vote came just two
weeks after President Truman's
appeal to a joint session of con- (
gress for speedy adoption of the
European recovery plan (ERP)
as one of three roadblocks to
communist expansion. I
Before voting on the measure
as a whole, the house reaffirmed j
by a 188 to 104 standing vote its t
invitation for Spain to join the '
Euronean recovery program along i
with 16 other non - communist
countries and western Germany.
Tbe entire $6,205,000,000 bill
is expected to go to President Tru- :
man for signature late this week
after senate and house agree on
comparatively minor differences.
Talks Held on
Bus Walkout
PORTLAND, March 31-F)-The
city labor - management com
mittee director conferred today
with AFL. drivers and officials of i
the Oregon Motor Stages involved J
in a five day old dispute
Service to scores of: Willamette
valley and Oregon coast towns
has been halted or curtailed since
last Saturday when drivers failed
to work because of an action the
union lists as unfair.
Lee C Stoll, director of the
committee, said no joft-it session
of management and labor has been
called. They met separately today
with Stoll
Some 200 towns have been
without bus service.
SEASIDE, March 31 -OP)- The
Seaside Chamber of Commerce
asked 20 other cities today to join
in urging the governor to take ac
tion in the Oregon Motor Stages
I strike.
I ette university law school, I own
I and operate the Eagle Flying ser
j vice on the McNary field. Thus, in
i addition to my knowledge of the
j Laws of Oregon, I have interests
j running parallel with the business
men of this county.
I am a republican and a veteran,
24 years of age. I was born in
Portland, Oregon, of pioneer stock
and resided thtre until entering
the service upon graduation from
.high school in January, 1942. I
served as a fighter pilot with the
8th Air force in England, part of
my overseas tour i of duty being
spent in German Luftwaffe hos
pitals and prison: camps. Upon
liberation and release from active
duty in 1945, I moved here to
Salem.
The organizations in which I
am active are: Young Republicans
Club, American Legion, Air Re
serve association. Masons, Sigma
Chi (social fraternity). Phi Delta
Phi (national law fraternity).
If my constituents see fit to elect
me to one of the four seats allotted
to Marion county in the house of
representatives, I shall to the best
of my ability and knowledge work
for the benefit of the majority of
the people of this county.
lTaswrrar: Dare Hss)
Zjv fvlL 4roo "fPxs fsvcvcv or vc
Salem Sea Scouts Work on Netv Whaleboat
jSe..
Members of Salem's Sea Scout ship 12 are shown working on their recently snived whaleboat. a gift
of the f. S. navy from surplus stores. The scouts, left to right, are. Harold Lewis. IS4 8.' Consmer- '
cial St.: Robert Newcomer. 1965 W. Nob Hill t.: Robert Busey. 1351 Saginaw st; Cordon Hoover,'
1353 Hines st.; Wayne Mereer, Salem route 6: Richard De Rosier, 147 N. Commercial st.; Earl Mi- I
chalke. 125 E. Leffelle st.: I-fon Bertram. 265 W. Rural st. (only cap showing); and Frank Fritaie. !
1944 N. Liberty st. Standing in background are. left to right Gordon D. Gilmore. scout execuUTe;
1st Mate Norman Sholseth; Jerry Scott, field executive: Skipper Ted Roake. (Photo by Don Dill.
Statesman staff photographer.)
24 Arabs
Truman Gets Coal
Rep. Hartley
Drafts Bill jto
Curb Lewis
By the Associated Press
The next move for ending the i
nationwide soft coal shutdown was
put up to President Truman Wed- j
nesday. I
The coal strike fact-finding
board 'sent Mr. Truman its re
port shortly before noon. The
White House said the chief exu- ,
tive would take the report with ,
him on a trip to Williamsburg. Vn ,
so he could study it. Any new
action appeared unlikely before
the end of the week
The presi-
aent expects to return to Wash-
ington Saturday.
' Now that he has the report the
! Taft-Hartley law requires, the i
. president can seek a court order
! to end the strike for at least 80
' days.
! At the same time. Rep. Hartley
(R-NJ) co-author of the Taft
Hartley act. introduced a bill to
make the anti-trust laws apply to
labor unions. His measure admit
tedly was aimed at John L. Lew is,
union chief of the striking miners,
i The bill, an amendment of the
I Taft-Hartley act, would make it
i unlawful for labor unions to con
spire in restraint of trade.
Navy Pilot Dies
In CoaSt Crasll
ROCKAWAY, Ore, March 31-rpv-Shattered
wreckage of a navy
i Helldiver in which a pilot was
killed today was found east of here
on a timbered ridge of the coastal
mountains.
A party of loggers penetrated the
rugged forest area after witnessing
the plane's troubled flight and fall
to earth.
K. B. Hamilton reported the pi
lot apparently had tried vainly to
use his parachute.
Thirteenth naval district head
quarters in Seattle earlier had re
ported the plane was one of two
that took off from the Tillamook,
Ore., naval air base at 1:30 p.m.
One pilot returned after encount
ering bad weather. The victim was
not immediately identified by the
navy.
REDEDICATION WEEK
April 1 It t
April 1 & 2 Portland.
April 3 Eugene.
April 4 Corvallis.
April 6 SALEM.
April 7 Astoria.
1348
Price 5c
Killed as Train Mined
ina Coiiiniimists
U. S. Marines
Ch
Fre
PEARL HARBOR. April 1
Py- The navy announced to
day that Chinese communists
had released four t 8. Marines
who were captured In norlh
China while on a Christmas day
hunting trip.
The announcement said the
leathernecks were returned to
I'. S. navy representatives at
Ilaiyanx. A village northeast of
the western Pacific fleet head
quarters at Tsinrtao. China.
A fifth marine. PFC. Charles
J. Brayton, jr.. Fort Jay. Gov
ernor's Island. N. Y.. died from
wounds received in the incident.
Increased Dam
Funds Sought
"Markup"' of appropriations for
projects on the Willamette river
and tributaries will be tackled in
Washington, D. C , today by the
civil functions subcommittee of
the senate appropriations com
mittee, U. S. Sen. Wayne Morse
advised Salem Chamber of Com
merce Wednesday.
Morse stated he is supporting
U. S. Sen. Guy Cordon in an at
tempt to have inci eased the house
cut appropriations for Detroit
dam and Meridian dam. The Ore
goman senators are favoring $7,
000,000 for Detroit and $15,000,000
for Meridian, following house ap-
E5 IIS
ions action cutting both
Slal Onlennial May
Rate Postage Stamp
PORTLAND, March 31 JP)
The Oregon Territory's centennial
this year may have a commemora-
tive postage stamp.
Hillman Lueddemann,
president
of the centennial commission, re-
ported that the postal department
was considering such a stamp for 1
this fall.
Proclamation, Gen. Rilea Talk
Launch Week of Rededication
Rededication week in Salem was i
off to a start Wednesday with
first major activities pointed at the
showing of the Freedom Train and
the celebration of Army day, both
on next Tuesday.
Featuring the introduction to
this week of special activity were
Mayor R. L. Elfstrom's proclama
tion and MaJ. Gen. Thomas Rilea 'm
talk before Salem Rotary club at
noon Wednesday in the Marion
hotel.
Rilea, the stat adjutant gener
al, urged the businessmen mem
bers to cooperate with national
guard recruiting by encouraging
their employes to Join the guard.
Local army leaders hav dis
closed other plans centering
around the Army day observance,
No. 15
74
Strike Data
Jewish Gang
mi n i
laKes i,reait
For Explosion
JERUSALEM, March 31-?VA
triple mine blayt today killed 24
Arab train passengers and wound
ed 64 near Hinyamina, Haifa police
announced today.
T"re explosion, which observers
said pfobably were set off by Jews
in retaliation for Arab attacks on
convoys recently, derailed the lo
, comotive. telescoped three of the
! four wrec ked coac hes, and ripped
up yards of track. Several hundred
Bntish troops riding in the second
half of th tram on the Cairo to
' Htiifa line were- unhurt. -
A Jewish source said the Stern
gi.ng set off the mine trap
At the same time the irtual
Ai ab siege of Jerusalem, which ha
brought bread rationing to this
city's 100,000 Jews, was renew ed.
Several hundred Arabs be
leaguered a Jewish food convoy
enroute from coastal Tel Aviv to
relieve Jerusalem
Haganah, the Jewish militia.
said at least one Jew was killed
and several wounded in a battle
that began at midday. Arabs said
snany Jews were killed and
wounded in this first attempt of
a Jewish convoy to run the Arab
blockade into Jerusalem since the
Arab ambush at bloody Bad El
Wad last Friday.
Jewish informants said the ron-
voy itself had escaped falling into
A ... l 1 J 1 ..
turning back to Kehovot.
i. sfi f a tV 1 1 Tlr A ffXI rff ifill
" mmm i ' aMia. mm i at
OSAKA Thursday Annl l
Investigators reported 49 dead to
day when a crowded express train
hit a train standing at Hanazona
r '
station, east of Osaka. 350 Japan
ee were injured. 20 of them seri
ously. No
allied casualties were
reported.
including speeches, window dis
plays and other activity publiciz
ing the army, army reserve and
national guard.
Lt. Col. Fred Dahlquist, Oregon
army recruiting chief, will address
Salem Chamber of Commerce
Monday noon and Secretary of
State Earl T. Newbry will jnak an
Army day talk at 4:15 p. m. Mon
day over radio station KOCO. On
next 'Thursday. Mayor Cfstrom
will giv a radio talk on lh sub
ject at 4 JO p. m. over KSLM and
CoL George D. Wahl of Portland,
senior Instructor for army reserve
units In Oregon, will address Sa
lem Lions club at noon.
Local marin reservists ar
planning a Monday night party
to honor th marin guard which
accompanies th Freedom Train.
West Powers Cut ofF
By Rail from Berlin;
Defy Soviet Demand
Ru88 Demand Nations Permit Soviet
Troops to Inspect Traffic to Berlin
. BERLIN, Thursday, April lVThe Rumhu refund
today to let American and HrltUh military train go throuch
their occupation zone.
Two -Herlin-bound Americas trains.
haven anyone from Frankfurt, and two IlritUh trlni on
ea&tbound'and the other went bound, were stopped at Mar
i en born, a check point five milea inside the aoviet zone.
Both -American trains later returned to Helrastedt, weat
of Marienjborn fn the Hritinh zone. 1 j .
Soviet authorities refused to let the trains proceed I
cause they were barred from carrying out new ItuHaianu..
order -- announced only yeterday for inspection of all
military trins ai1 freight enter
ing and leaving Berlin.
Berlin, under four-power con
trol, is an island in the midst of
the Russian zone. Trains mutt
pass through the soviet Jurisdic-
BEKLIX. April 1 -ftV Om.
Liidaa D. Clif, VmU4 State
military itvrratr, rat lat
eaitferenee with BrtUsh aatlMr
lUes today U 1lniM Jat ae
tia sfalnst Hvtet aseasarrs
which have rut allied traia
enneetins with Beriia.
Clay left his affle hefarc t
a. as. far British heasla. Barters,
aresamably U canfer with hhi
British eaMateraart. IX Gea
Sir Briaa Bberton.
tion to and from the western zones
occupied by the United Statei.
Britain and France.
The United States early today
rejected a sov iet demand that
Kussian iroops be auowea io in-
spect American mihtary trains and
! freight enterinf and leaving Br-
lin. Train guards were instructed
to bar soviet troops entry to the
train.
The British also ordered their
train guards to refuse to allow so
viet inspction.
Let Rusaian Aboard
An earlier American train from
' Berlin to Bremerhaven passed
through the soviet zone. The train
' commander said whfn it reachfd
Helmstedt that h had let the
Russian comma rider at Marien
1 born come aboard and inspect
passenger' papeia Asked why,
! he said, "You will have to ai.k
Berlin."
An American major in charge
j in Berlin said he could not jun-
dersUnd why the train command
' er had allowed the Russian on
! the train.
j Authoritative Fiench sources in
! Berlin said France had told the
Ru.-sian their demand wai "too
v ague ' and had asked further
explanation.
One vurce said the note point
ed out urh questions . were not
to be dc-c ided by ore-power ac tion
and enpiesf-ed a wiIIiiikih
to discu the ma let demand on
a four-power bii-i
Train Well Armed
Tii.in on the liei Im-Frankfurt
run it I ways have ix-en well armed
and gnat ded by a ubtantlal
immUr of oflictr and enlited
men. Military government offi
cial aid the train which left
Frankfurt for Berlin lal night
cariicd only its urual crew and
no extra guaid
An order to hold up American
tiam was issued tempol arily lat
night tending delivery of the
U. S. note to the Russian. Once
it was delivered, headquarters of
Gen. Lucius D Clay, the Ameri
can military commander, instruct
ed the trauin to proceed as usual.
Wait TrnM-ljr
In Bnlin. allied force and
cvli .,, walted tensely to see if
, Mnun. would trv to use
force to back up their order. If
they do. it is considered a cer
tainty that dashes will result.
The sudden soviet order pre
cipitated the most critical four
powtr crisis in Germany since
the end of the war It was the
first incident that threatened any
direct clash between sovie awd i
... a i a ai m I
In effect, the Maset order would J
' .1 imnm.ihl. if mfnnvd
1 ... 1 1 ( m nnn wMrn mI.
i ; I ;.la. Hjirlm miti a i
llffTtJ I rrlurili" VI t wkm Vaw
out of the city into the western
. , : . k.
rones oy roiia or ran wiuwui
Hu-si.in consent.
Air Traffic Omitted
The soviet order made no ref
erence lo air traffic" to and from
the capital.
WASHINGTON. March 31 -(A9)
Russia's move to tighten control
ovr traffic between Berlin and
western German was regarded
by diplomatic authorities here to
night as beginning a soviet
squeeze to try to force th west
ern powers out of th German
capital.
Official comment on the poten
tially hazardous situation was
lacking, however, exceot for the
fact that Informants said private
ly all American counter nwv
are undr ihe direction of Gen.
Lucius D. Clay In Berlin.
Weather
Mas.
SI
MM.
st
FTerlp
Sale as
portlan
San franetaea M
C'nacag M ,,
New York .. St jm
WtfLMiwIt rtr SS tort
Forecast t front U.S. srvathrr atiraau,
McNary field, aatamlr rair taaay and
Ionic tit with pertoda mt rtawdinaaa and
a few wKWIy scattervd sUmiis. Hlt
loday Sa. Inr tontgfct St. 4
S ALXM PWCCirrTATlAW
(frsa Seat. I la AarU I)
This Year
La Year
Averaf
St 41
KSLM to Build
New Studio,
400-Ft. Tower
Workers began Wednesday to
clear a 12-acre tract aouthwitit nt
Kingwood lirlghu in West SfcW.n
where radio station KSLN will
build an ultra-modern studio arid
400-foot transmitter tower j at
cost of $75,000, Glenn Mmuk'.
I grrteral manager of UiO Ulu,nm
( anrouru ed.
MrCormnk stfid that thej ttrel
j tower would bo erected first and
j that pi rp ration of O ground ft
1 the base was started Wednesday,
C. A. F i.hr & Co . Portlartl con
iraclois. are In charge of the pio-
ject. MclTotmick sai l. When
torn
pleted. the tower will boon
bf Urn
taJ let t in the state, ' rlung
, 500-feet above sea level.
i The studio will b of rein
about
f orief
concrete and will houo the
latet
transmission equipment, lr.cuding
facilities which will enable tl
station to add frequency mtdula
tion and television when thfy at
developed to practical poltit fo
the west. The transmitter jower,
likewise, hiII be .mad to tri mmit
FM and television.
1 Plans for tho stul.o are being
( completed by architec ts anij blo
will be (ailed within a few Weeks,
McCormirk revelled.' Actual con
struction will begin immediately
after bids ar opened, ho Tn
' station will not altera Its bower,
but the higher transmitter and It
location on the hill will improv
reception, he said. j
The station will continue to oc
cupy its present offices and 'studio
in the Senator hoteUuntil the new
buildinf and tower ar finished,
Mc-Cormick announced. Ngotia
lions fc r sale of the present trans
mitter at 633 N Front (.. ar
underway, he said, and equipment
w ill be abandoned when ttas new
Uiwer u leady for us.
Senator
r t
urircs
Europeans Fill.
Army Kanks
WASHINGTON. March 31 -(A V
A senator who fought oversea
urged congress today to Jet SO.WitJ
young single European men Join
the United States aimy "afcd be
come ritiens later.-
Senator Lodge (R-Mas),'a tank
corps officer in the Last war, satcf
this wuld cut down manpower
needs In the proposed temporary
draft, for on thing. II asked th
senat armed set v ices cornmitti
to back him up. j ,
Lodge would brink;! th care
fully chosen foreifners among re
gular army units; They would ct
all soldier benefits ani qualify lor
citizenship after Ifiv year serv
ice. He would limit IheJr ftumbi
! JLfT, ?'i r ibU:
"""a -ll over
thj world
wn Jon. h aald
1 ' i" 1
Liquor hy Drink
IVtitioiiH Planned
PORTLAND. March Si -fll
-Sponsors of an Initiative measure
to permit sal tf liauor by this
drink said a petition to Out 1r,
proposal on th ! Oregon Novenv
ber ballot will b filed this whk,
Th proposal lym endorsed by
the State Federation of ltt
convention last year and It back
ed by hotel arid rsf group,
AFL Musicians Snd the Bartend
ers union. i J
Gen. Einenliowrr ClrXn
drantIcliiIt!vJS'ainakr
WEST POINT N. Y.. March 31
(V Gen. Dwight D. F.isnhowe
berame a. grandfather today.
A nine-pound boy j was born m
the Station hospital here to Capt,
and Mrs. John l. Eisenhower, sort
and daughter-in-law of Gen. and
Mrs. Elsenhower,
. The boy was named Dwight Daw
vid. Eisenhower H.
rOSTM ASTER NOMINATE
WASHINGTON, March 31-iA
Thomas O. Palmer was nominated
by lYesklent Truman for postmas
ter at Albany. Ore.