4 The Stat man. Salm. Oregon. Thursday, Tanaary IS. 193
"No Favor Swayt Ut,
m First Statesman. March 2S, UM
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
CHARLES A. SPRAGUE.
Member ef the
Tike Associated Press la entitled exclusively te the aee fee repebU
eatlea ef all the leeal aews printed in this newspaper, as well as ell
AP news dispatches.
Court Sustains Equality In Education
' The element of time in that negro students are to be
provided equal educational facilities as soon as other appli
cants get them is the important factor in the recentlj
adjudicated supreme court case of Ada Lois Sipuel vs. the re
gents of the University of Oklahoma.
In a Missouri case 10 years ago the high court ruled that
negroes are entitled to equal facilities, but since then colored
students have sometimes been required to wait indefinitely until
parallel institutions were set up for their exclusive use. This
happened last year when Louisianna was forced to establish an
equal school for negroes who had applied for admission to the
state institutions. The new decision should minimize the in
equity of this interpretation of the older decree.
But precedent-setting litigation and discharging; the rulings
are not synonymous. The Oklahoma regents signified their In
tention to comply with the courfs decision, but the nature of
their future actions, the reception the lone colored student will
get. on a prejudiced campus, and her treatment by instructors
remains to be seen.
At the University of Oregon, non-whites are extended equal
educational opportunities although bias on the part of some in
structors and a former athletic coach has been alleged. But last
year liberal campus groups and the Urban League of Portland
raised considerable (ineffective) protest when a colored stu
dent was restricted from one of the woman's dormitories for
no reason other than race.
Legislation alone does not insure tolerance any more than it
guarantees honesty or prevents murder. Legislation is neces-
sary but it must go hand in hand with education t0 be telling.
Thus a valuable step in the campaign against tolerance is
the announcement that the National Conference of Christians
and Jews will support a new research and training program in
inter-group education to -be inaugurated by Teachers College,
Columbia University.
Group prejudices are hard to uproot once they have taken
hold. Proper early education can prevent or at least lessen the
tensions and conflicts which grow from religious, racial and
ethnic group misunderstanding. The Columbia program should
become the basis for real progress toward greater unity be
" ' tween the polygenetic conglomeration that is America.
t Buried Treasure
There's another gold rush in California this week nearly
a century after gold was first discovered there. This time
hundreds of people armed with makeshift mining equipment
are prospecting for $20 gold pieces buried in Monterey. Two
years ago $1,500 in gold was found in the same area and so far
this search has yielded 125 pieces, according to newspaper re
ports. A tidy fortune was sowed there 35 years ago by a wealthy
Old cool who regarded banks with some suspicion. Now his
heirs are reaping a bumper crop. If the gold pieces had been
accumulating 3 per cent interest in a bank for the past 35
years they would have earned only $10.85 each. Besides, hoard
ing gold is illegal now. But because they are rare collectors'
items some of the buried pieces have tripled their mint value.
There are undoubtedly still many people who wish a pox
on all banks and other such formidable cabbage factories. Oc
casionally one hears of them stoop-shouldered timid souls
who die in a gutter with $50,000.65 cents sown into their tattered
trousers. Sometimes they place their trust in a familiar mattress
rather than in the cold marble mausoleums where savings can
be buried to produce annual dividends ior in a comfortable
sock hidden under a loose floor board rather than with some
dour trustee.
Thtse brothers of the thrifty squirrel,, these i unwilling al
moners to posterity, sometimes hoard their gold pieces or silver
dollars just as women collect amberino glass or Spode demitasse
cups they like to finger them and admire the "sheen and the
patterns.
Now imagine one of these connoisseurs of coinage shuffling
up to a teller and asking to indulge in a little recreation a
chance to play with his pretty savings account, stacking the
coins, watching the light reflect on them,; biting them, adding
up the numbers . . . ! '
... Banks are so callous about things like that.
Art Edwards Retires
When Art Edwards pulls the switch after his press run on
The Statesman Friday morning he will conclude nearly 50 years
Of service to this newspaper. In 1898 he began work as a young
lad. delivering papers, on horseback. Soon he was working
around the press an old, steam-powered cylinder press. Then
he became pressman, and when the cylinder was replaced with
a Duplex flat-bed press that printed from rolls he ran that.
In 1927 that was outgrown and replaced by a 24-page stereo
type Scott press, which has since been Edward's pride and joy.
His health has not been good of late so he is retiring to enjoy
a well-earned rest from the strenuous duties of foreman of the
pressroom.
No newspaper could have had a more faithful employe than
Art Edwards, loyal to his employers, loyal to his job and loyal
to his associates. All of us in The Statesman family wish for
him many pleasant years of living. '
Caught with the Goods
Brigadier General Wallace H. Graham looks like a boy
caught with his hands in the jam jar. He first tried to alibi
out of responsibility for being in the speculative grain markets
by saying he let his brokers handle his account, which his
brokerage house promptly exploded. No reputable brokerage
house buys and sells for clients except oh orders, the risks art
too great. Then Graham tried to say he got out of the market
immediately when the president criticized grain speculators.
Now he admits in his testimony that he stayed in the commodity
market in cotton and had one transaction in wheat for several
weeks thereafter. i f
He made a very lame showing, whereas lit he had said
frankly at the first that he had done some trading, legitimately
and without any government inside information he would have
been in a wholly defensible position. His ihin evasions show him
up as weak in character. He should stick to his medicine.
The forest service at Eugene sold seven million board feet
of Douglas fir on Fall creek at a price of $25.05, said to be
the highest price ever paid for fir stumpage in. Oregon. Doesn't
look as though lumber manufacturers anticipated much falling
off in demand for lumber. Those contemplating house building
will feel as though their dream house is pushed farther into the
future.
The "March of Dimes" is getting under Way; but what Is
hoped for is a real march of dollars into that fund to combat
Infantile paralysis.
The new slogan for republicans this; campaign year is "vote
republiean'in 1948 and save what's left." We are surprised at
that slogan. It is one better suited for Henry Wallace. Republi
cans should procIaim:,"Vote republican j-and save what's right;
No Fear Shall. Awe"
Editor and Publisher
Associated
fa uoflssoaini JoaoraaD
Reds 'Worst Propagandists
(Editor's Nsto Jeha Steinbeck.
who west to Kassia last sasamer as
a special oerrespeadeat fee tha
New Terk Heraia Tribane, reperta
to explain to a 8evtet fflcUl the
differences between Asaerleaa sad
Easslaa points ef view. The pla
tans are by Bebert Capa, pretog
rapher, whe accompanied Mas,)
CHATTER II
In the afternoon, Voks sent a
car to take us to the main office
for an interview. It was our im
pression that there had been some
batle about who was to be re
sponsible tor us, the Writers
Union or Voks. And Voks had
lost and got us. The Voks offices
are in a beautiful little palace,
which was once the home of a
merchant prince.
We were received by Mr. Kara
ganov in his office, which is oak
paneled to the celling and with a
stained glass skylight, a very
pleasant place to work. Mr. Kara
ganov, who spoke a precise slow
English, sat behind his desk and
asked us many questions. And he
doodled in a pad with a pencil,
one end lot which was blue, and
the other red. And again we ex
plained our project, which was to
avoid politics, but to try to talk to
and to understand Russian farm
ers, and. working people, and
market people, to see how they
lived, and to try to teQ our peo
ple about it. so that some kind of
understanding might be reached.
He listened quietly and made
angular marks with his pencil.
Differences Cited
. And then he said: There have
been other people who wanted to
do this." And he named a num
ber of Americans who have since'
Written books about the Soviet
Union. And he said: "They have
sat in this office, and have spoken
in one way, and then they have
gone home, and have written in
another -way. And if we seem to
have a mild distrust, it is because
of this.'
: We replied: "You must not think
that we came either favorably or
unfavorably. We came to do a Job
of reporting, if it is possible to do
it. We Intend to set down and to
photogriph exactly what we see
and hear, with no. editorial matter.
If there is something we don't
like, or don't understand, we will
set that down too. But we came
for a story. If we can do the story
we came for, we will do it. If we
can't dot it, we still have a story."
Help Promised
He nodded very slowly and
thoughtfully, and he said: This
we could trust. But we are very
tired of -people who come here and
Sre violently pro-Russian, and
who go back to the United States
and become violently anti-Rus-Sian.
We have had considerable
experience with that kind." And
he said This office, Voks, has not
very much power, nor very much
influence. But we will do what we
can to ilet you do the work that
you want to do." Then he asked
us many questions about America.
He said "Many of your newspapers
are speaking of war with the So
viet Union. Do the American peo
ple want war with the Soviet
Union??'
We said: "We don't think so.
We doii't think any people want
war, but we don't know."
He asked: "Why is this clamor
in the newspapers rising so fast?'
And we said again: "We are not
politicians. We do not know the
reasons. We suspect that some of
It has to do with the Presidential
elections next year. But we don't
know fo what extent."
'Do ot Want War'
And' we asked: "Do the Russian
people, or any section of them, or
any section of the Russian govern
ment, want war?"
6,771 Businesses
In Oregon Granted
Payroll Tax Cuts
The: state unemployment com
pensation commission said Wed
nesday that all but 921 of 7,691
eligible Oregon firms are en
titled this year to payroll tax
rates .lower than tne normal XJ1
per cent.
These eligible firms are those
which have three or more years
of employment experience. By
maintaining stable payrolls, firms
can get lower tax rates.
The average tax rate will be
below the 1.74 per cent average
of 147, but not as low as the 1.S
per cent national average, the
commission said.
Of the firms with three years
or more experience, 921 will pay
2.7 per cent. 1,398 will pay 2
per cent, 282 will pay 1.5 per
cent,? 1.648 will pay 1 per cent,
and 1,443 will pay .5 per cent.
The
Safety Valve
UCTTCU rXOM STATESMAN
KEAOEKS
appreciates American aid
To the Editor:,
At this season of the jrear it
seems appropriate to me to send
a message of gratitude to the peo
ple Of the United States of Ameri
ca for their magnificent efforts to
help war-exhausted nations on the
road to recovery.
We feel an intense admiration
for your endeavours and are not
unmindful of the self-sacrifices
they involve. It is my conviction
that America will lead the world
to peace and prosperity again.
Yours faithfully,
ANGUS OLDAKER,
2 Church Hill.
Winchmore Hill,
ju . London, N. 21.
f f ' t
".
- '
A military bead staring classical
At that he straightened up, and
put down his pencil, and he said:
"I can answer that categorically.
Neither the Russian people, nor
any section of them, nor any sec
tion of the Russian government
wants war. I can go farther than
that. The Russian people would
do almost anything to avoid war.
Of this I am certain," he said. And
then he took up his pencil again
and made round doodles on his
pad. He said: "Let us speak of
American writing. It seems to us
that your novelists don't believe in
anything any more. Is this true?"
I said: "I don't know."
He said: "Your own most re
cent work seems to us cynical."
-It is not cynical." I said. "I
believe one Job of a writer is to
set down bis time as nearly as he
can understand it. And that is
what I was doing."
Asks of Writers
Then he asked questions about
American writers, about Caldwell,
and Faulkner, and when would
Hemingway have a new book. And
he asked what young writers were
coming up, what new people. We
explained that a few young writ
ers were beginning to emerge, but
that it was too soon to expect them
to come out. Young men who
should have been practicing their
trade of writing had spent the last
four years in the Army. Such an
experience was likely to shake
them very deeply, and it might
take some time for them to comb
out their experience and their
lives, and to settle down to writ
ing. He seemed a little surprised that
writers in America do not get to
gether, do not associate with one
another very much. In the Soviet
Union writers are very important
people. Stalin has said that writ
ers are the engineers of the soul.
Status Different
We explained to him that writers
in America have quite a different
standing. They are considered just
below acrobats and just above
seals. And in our opinion this is
a very good thing. We believe that
a writer too much appreciated is
as likely to turn as heady as a
motion picture actress with good
notices in the trade journals. And
Club to Back
3 Plays with
New York Cast
Salem's chapter of the 20-30
club, meeting at the Gold Arrow
cafe Tuesday night, voted to spon
sor a series of three stage plays
at the Salem high school auditor
ium during the winter season.
The first play of the series,
"Dream Girl," win be given
February 27, it was announced,
and "Made in Heaven" and "Kiss
and Tell" will follow at about
one-month Intervals. Exact dates
of the two latter plays have not
been decided. Players from the
Theatre Guild of New York will
make up the cast.
The club also announced that
it will operate a "wishing well
in downtown Salem, the proceeds
of which will go to the March
of Dimes for infantile paralysis
victims. The well will probably
be set up at State and Commer
cial streets on Monday when the
annual drive begins here.
At the dinner meeting mem
bers were entertained by two
movies. Tex Keel of the Capital
Bowling alleys showed a movie
featuring demonstration of the
finer points of the kegling art, and
the Oregon state highway com
mission presented a film depict
ing the beauty spots of the state.
NOW AVAILABLE
GUTTERS
AND
DOUIISPOUTS
Galvanized Iron or Copper
Salen Healing
& Sheet Ilelal Co.
1685 Broadway - Call 8555
saasie en Pashkla Sqaare darftag the eslehratleai ef the Steth asud
ersary ei afeeeew
we believe that the rough and
tumble life an American writer
goes through Is very healthy for
him in the long run.
And here we come to one of the
deepest divisions between the Rus
sian emotional and intellectual
feeling toward his government and
the American and British feeling
toward his government. For
whereas the Russian is taught, and
trained, and encouraged to believe
that his government is good, that
every part of it Is good, and that
his job Is to carry it forward, to
back it up In all ways; the deep
emotional feeling among Ameri
cans and British is that all gov
ernment Is somehow dangerous,
that there should be as little gov
ernment as possible, that any in
crease of government Is bad, and
existing government must - be
watched constantly, watched and
criticised to keep it sharp and
on its toes.
'We Try to Explain
And later, on the farms, when
we sat at table with farming men,
and they asked how our govern
ment operated, we would try to
explain that such was our fear of
power invested in one man, or in
one group of men, that our gov
ernment was made up of a series
of checks and of balances, de
signed to keep power from falling
into any one's hands. We tried to
explain that the people who have
made our government, and who
have continued it, are so in fear of
power that they would willingly
cut off a good leader rather than
permit a precedent of leadership.
I do not think we were thoroughly
understood in this, since training
of the people of the Soviet Union
is that the leader is good snd the
leadership . Is good. There is no
possible argument here; it is Just
the failure of two systems to com
municate one with the other.
A Mutual Respect
Mr. Karaganov's pad was cov
ered with red and blue symbols
and he said finally: "If you will
write down a list of thmgs you
want to do and se. and send it
through to me, I will see whether
it ran be arranged."
We liked Karaganov very much.
He was a man who spoke straight
Judge Johnson to
Head Dairymen
ASTORIA, Jan. 14-0P)-County
Judge W. A. Johnson, Grants
Pass, was elected president of the
Oregon Dairymen's association at
the close of the 54th annual meet
ing today.
The association named Arthur
Ireland, Forest Grove, first vice
president, and A. W. Linda w,
Portland, second vice president.
Roger Morse will remain secretary-treasurer.
Delegates passed resolutions
ssking that butterfat production
records be kept for all cows un
der test, and calling for support
of the cattle disease eradicaUon
program.
Specialize in
Madj So
Order Store
Of AH Types
Restaurant Grocery
Meat Market Tavern
Drug Clothing
KITCHEN CABINETS
WARDROBES
LINEN CLOSETS. ETC.
FREE ESTIMATES
Beavercrafl Co.
575 N. Lancaster
Salem, Oregon
Phone 9414
By John Steinbeck
Photographs by
Robert Capa
in World'
and unconfusedly. Later we were
to hear many flowered speeches
and many generalities. But this
we never heard from Karaganov.
We never pretended to him that
we were anything hut what we
were. We had a certain outlook,
an American viewpoint, and pos
sibly to him certain prejudices.
Far from disliking us. or distrust
ing us because of this, he seemed
to trust us more because of It.
It is our belief that the Russians
are the worst propagandists, the
worst public relations people in
the world. Let us take the exam
ple of the foreign correspondents.
Usually, a news man goes toMos-
cow full of good will, and a desire
to understand what he sees. He
promptly finds himself Inhibited.
ana not able to do the work of a
newspaper man.
Attitude Changes
Gradually he begins to change.
Gradually he begins to hate the
system, not as a system, but sim
ply because it keeps him from do
ing his work. There is no quicker
way of turning a man against any
thing. And this newspaper man
usually ends up nervous and
mean, because he had not (mm
able to accomplish what he was
sent to do. A man who is un
able to function In his job usually
aeiesis tne cause or his failure to
function. The Embassy people and
the correspondents feel alone, feel
cut off, they are island people
in the midst of Russia, and it is
no wonder that they became lone
ly and bitter.
This section or Foreign Office
accreditation is put in justice to
the regular Moscow correspond
ents. We were able to do many
things they are not permitted to
do. But if it had been part of
our Job to report news as they
must, then we would have been
taken under the Foreign Office,
and we too could never have left
Moscow.
Jeha Steinbeck left Meeeew fee
Kiev, capital ef the Soviet Ukraine,
and his report of that heavily de
stroyed city will be pabltshed to
morrow. Copyrisht. 1S4S. by John Steinbeck
TORCH FIRES GARAGE
Salem fire equipment was called
Tuesday night to a garage at 1055
Edgewater st.. West Salem, when
an acetylene torch being operated
by Roy Stevens caught fife and
spread to the welding machine and
the floor, city flrement reported.
Damage So the equipment and shop
was only slight, firemen said.
SUGAR PROCESS EFFICIENT
SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 14-)
A new chemical procedure which
makes possible the extraction of
95 per cent pure sugar from beets
was outlined before the American
Society of Sugar Beat Technolo
gists Tuesday.
anon
UtM Tee
TeeVe Wtb HI
Now'. . . tearing aid
t bat ' cmfrtMklt to wear .
With OTA R I ON vow Joy eaeatal
sad physical comfort, full, aataral
tone.. A quality bearing aid at h4m
y ffr te mmf. Accepted by
Americas Medical Association. Call
for private demonstration t
nil
Otartea Hearing Aid Center
444 Ceert Fheae I4ees
I
I
I I
Please sead eae OTAIION I
j -Hearing Test Chert". j
Nm
I
I
I
I Cir
Batteries fee All Makes ef
earing Aids
Exchange Club
Told Baseball
Outlook Good
The Salem Senators face a 1S4S
baseball season which should
prove as good as or better than
last year, George E. Emlgh, team
business manager, told the Salem
Exchange club Wednesday noon
1n the Salem hotel.
Interviewed by Al Schuss, ra
dio station KOCO sports announ
cer, Etnlgh revealed that big things
were expected this year of Sa
lem's Richard Gentxkow, who will
return to the team from the Al
buquerque, N. M., league.
The Exchange club voted Wed
nesday to handle the ticket sales
for the March of Dimes dance to
be held In the Salem armory
Beauty Operator
Wanted
Excellent Position for Right
Person
KENTON HOTEL
BEAUTY 8HOP
Cervaiha, Oregea Pheae lit
CLOSE OUT
PRICES
7.50
Wool Shirts
Men's: Cruisers 11.95
TIIOS. KAY WOdLEN
MILL CO.
Z4t SO. Uta ST.
Tax Payers Attention
T7 3 CM IaxJI
Tax Consultants
Office Hours Week Days f t 10 F. M.
sbrhirday 2 to 10 P. M.
Located Across from Marion Hotel
st 235 S. Commercial St.
In Ilerrall-Owent Bldg.
Let Harry Zwinm or Norman Sholeeth
Propose Year State
is for clean
Capitol Lumber Co.
N. Cherry Avtnus
2 tT' Sr f
Nearly Ready fee eeeapaaeyt View, large let, eiaiag K, baaecneal
with garage, a, aeek. I B. B. Max. P, B. A. leaa avail. 474 K.
Ewsid near ft er Pa. tilL j ..
V''
"A" Students
Need . . .
Dr. E. C. Berts
perfect eyesight Our registered optometrists Will es
amine your child's eyes
DIGNIFIED CREDIT f
BORING OPTICAL COMPANY
til Ceart
IIEV7 1947
Special WhiU They Last!
495o
Special Term$ if Wanted
TEAGUE IIOTOn COIIPAIIYi
US If. liberty Phone S417S
January SO. An Invitation- from
Portland Cancer association head
quarters to the Exchange club to
head the association's annual fund
drive In Marion county in' April
will be up for approval at next
Wednesday's meeting. j
Mrs. Lawrence Fitzgerald of the
Junior Woman's club her . will
talk to the club Wednesday noon
on the subject of pre -school nur
series. T
jw ww",.iJ
yT dus to eoldj... eased
it t
TQAflUAVte
BUS DIPOT
iz$ N. nih j
High St. a4 Marlea
raeae Mil I
n , JS
and Federal Income Taag'
!
Pl?CO-t-flCOf
THE MODERN FUH
Fhons SS62
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- 1 " , ,
1 -"."
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1 r
U ashes
prescribe glasses. If necessary.
Faeee CM
rsfiiss m ""ssIWM
Dr. Sasa
t