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ll OZCGOn CTATCMAXT. Ccdem. Oregon. Scdurdar Morning, August 11, 1SU
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"No Favor Sway$ Us; No Fear Shall Atct
From First Statesman. March 28, 1891
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher
Member of the Associated Press
The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all
news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper.
The
public
Voters
Settling a War
You don't just settle a war by stopping the
shooting. You have to make sure that both
aides stop using their firearms, permanently,
and that takes a lot of formalities.
When Japan's official offer of surrender
reached Washington, by the round-about diplo
matic channel of Stockholm, Washington could
not say yes or ho right off. Not only did the
president and his advisers have to ponder the
query' and make up their minds, but also they
had to consult the allied nations.
Consultation takes . time. You can't just do
this business over the trans-ocean telephone as
though you were buying a cargo of wheat. As
suming that Washington drafted the text of a
reply, then it would need to be transmitted,
probably by cable, to the other capitals. It
would probably go by code and have to be de- Improvement
king into Chinese and in Moscow into Russian.
London can read our language, though we can't
understand Cockney speech, j The replies follow
a similar route of translation and coding and
. transmission and decoding, j
So it does take some time. Meantime, we
are told that bombing of Japan was suspended
for the day yesterday. No one wants to be killed
if the war is oyer, and those in the trade are
glad for a day ioff, too.
I We should not have long to wait, though.
Surely by some time Saturday President Tru
man can announce the text of the allied reply.
Even if the Jap offer is accepted, the war
will remain to be closed up, and that will take
many months, months of occupation of enemy
lands, of negotiation, of return of armed forces
to the homeland and demobilization. What we
are eager for is word that the shooting has really
stopped. We can afford to be patient over the
remaining formalities of winding up the war
business. . i !
Nuisance Methods
tactics used by Salem Electric alienate
sympathy. Twice denied a franchise by
of the city, it overrides local ordinances
by hooking onto poles of other utilities serv
ing the city, and then inviting th city to start
suit to test this usage. We do not see that any
suit Is necessary merely a pair of wire-cutters
used! by linemen of the companies which own
the poles. For what Salem Electric is doing,
is trespassing on property rights of otherrcom
panies. Perhaps It is by nuisance methods such
as this that Manager j Read hopes to break
down local resistance I to a franchise for his
duplicating operation.' Ha will find that- such
methods arouse public antagonism rather than
sympathy. . .- lr ' ') . . ;
This from the 50-Years-Ago column in the
Pendleton East Oregonian: I I
Editorial: "A Salem editor has written an
editorial six columns long. One copy of the
paper containing it will put a man to sleep.;
It is a sure cure for1 insomnia.' '
The name of the Salem editor or papef isn't
given; but if it was The Statesman we can
claim improvement ia half-a-century. We get
the same effect with half-a-column.
Those who said in 1940 that our navy could
finish off Japan in 90 days will not appreciate
being reminded that: Tuesday was the third
anniversary of the landing of the marines on
Guadalcanal. It took the Japs only about: eight
months to pour frohi Formosa down through
the Philippines to Singapore, the Dutch East
Indies and the Solomons. Deprived of our bases
and with our fleet knocked out at Pearl Harbor
it has taken us three years to beat our way
back to Japan's gate's The schedule shows how
tedious and difficult the task has been. J "
Reconversion
The war plainly is drawing to an end but
don't rush for the exits. Don't think, just the
moment , that V-J day is proclaimed, that you
can get all the; sugar you want, all the gasoline,
all the transportation. It's going to take time to
get back to normal.
But eaflypeace will precipitate the country's
economy into a mess as industry tries to extri
cate itself from war work, as war workers find
jobs melting away, as returning veterans seek
housing and employment. Once more peace is
busting in our 'faces, sooner than we expected.
There will be an inevitable scramble for position
as individuals and companies and bureaus seek
to get readjusted.
In Washington there has been reproach be
cause congress, did little in the way of legis
lating on domestic matters for the period ahead.
Most of its time was given to the international
Issues It may be that with peace, congress will
rush pell-mell back to the capital and start
grinding out legislation for peacetime condi
tions. However, the most important bills under
consideration, like "full employment" and social
security, are not such ' that can be rushed
through the country is not altogether sure of
its policy on some of these issues.
As we see it, there is no need to get panicky.
Best authorities feel that though there may be
a short period of distress before industry gets
back on, civilian operations there is enough de
mand to keep the country prosperous for , a five-'
year term. The U. S. A. took the war in stride.
It ought to be able to take peace in stride, with
out falling over itself.
Detroit faces the possibility of a Franken
steen for mayor. Richard T, Frankensteen, CIO
labor leader, led the; field in the mayoralty pri
maries, running ahead of the incumbent. Mayor
Jeffries. Frankensteen was one of the early
organizers of the auto workers union, was
slugged by Ford's guards when he tried to pass
out union literature at the Ford plant. Franken
steen polled his heaviest vote in industrial areas.
In the election in November he will run against
Mayor Jeffries. f j ' t 1 ; . f
Interpreting f
The War News i
By JAMES D. WHITE
Associated jPress SUff Writer j f .
san francisco; Aug. lo--The Hf" jn
Japan's surrender offer is a big one because the
emperor is both a religious and a politico-miliatry
institution. i f
In saying they will give up if the emperor re
tains his powers Japanese government leaders un
questionably mean both functions. I
mronito, xo me Japanese, is , . , - ,
CIO workers have, done a pretty fair job of
obeying the no-strike pledge but now they are
striking in the; big Weyerhaeuser; pine operation
in Klamath county and in other pine mills. Will
the war's ending be a signal for touching off a
aeries of strikes? Maybe it's too much to expect
thatjlabor and management can get sense enough
to settle differences by peaceful bargaining.
Mankind just seems to be built for combat.
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Editorial Comment
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CONSTRUCTIVE CONSBKYATION FOLICT
- In recent years Willamette valley fanners have
been enjoying a food cash return through the sale
of cpver crop seeds, most of which have gone to
rebuild the land of the south and to protect against
further erosion.
Willamette valley fanners have felt somewhat
superior in that they were contributing to the rebuilding-
of soil fertility which had been destroyed
by soil mining one-crop agriculture. National wealth
in the form of soil fertility in the south has over
a period of years suffered from intense heat which
burns out important elements of the toil. Sudden
heavy rains which wash away unprotected top soil
have completed the destruction.
However, it is not only in the south that soil
" fertility is -bina or has been, wasted away. A
glance at most any stream at time of flood will
give evidence of a large -amount of sediment, which
represents the best top soil of the land.
It is with the object ia view of saving some of
the top soil of the Tillamook burn area now being
swept again by fire that a conference of state for
estry, agricultural and government leaders will be
held in Forest Grove Friday morning. . ; -
As well as shipping winter legume and grass
seeds to all parts of the nation, Oregon might well
take some of its own medicine at home and protect'
its soil resources found In the Tillamook burn area.
While the land will never be used for agricultural
purposes, the soil will not speed the growth and
nurture of trees, if it Is washed down the numerous
streams with the rains.
. Fire, largely the result of human carelessness,
has dissipated a great resource. First the timber
was burned and now the areas which re-seeded have
lost several years of growth as the result of another
fire. The tragedy of waste should stop. We lot
forward hopefully to the conference on Saturday
1
is
. d. wait
ftfatrftnta U Ktaft YTm BnUttwU
i Ir rrtataMBt with Thm Watkiactsa Statf
S- : ; j 7 - j - 'j -.-.
The Beat Argument for Peace
brineine forth some program of constructive coo
serration. Forest Crove News-Times. -n--i fceep .that tendency, under eontroU
God and also Japan,' Conquests ry1
have been carried out in his name, V
and war crimes cominitted with- -
out his overt renrimahd. . ?
That's the trouble. ?':
We say we will allow j religious
freedom in Japan, and the Japa
nese promptly ask us toilet mem
keep their god. We shouldn't for
get that to them he if also Japan.
It is reasonable to suppose that
the Japanese government would
like us to forget Just that.
Few Americans W 1 1,1 forget.
however, even in their desire to be fair and allow
Japun the religious freedom promised at Potsdam.
American policy thus far has been to refrain
from saying, one way or another, whether 'the em
peror had to go. China is pretty well convinced he
must; Britain thinks he ought to say; Russia hasnt
said exactly. The idea behind the American atti
tude was that the emperor might serve as a rallying
point to prevent chaos la defeated Japan, saving .
the lives involved inj a longer war and a bloody
occupation. Intact Japanese garrisons aU oyer Asia
might not surrender readily unless they had face
saving order from the emperor to do so. f i
But now the Japanese themselves ask lis what
about the emperor, it seems likely, on the basis of
what has been said, that to end the war allied gov
ernments may agree on a nominal accession to the
, Japanese request, allowing the- emperor to stay on
but with no commitment as to his eventual role for
any limitation on allied authority to decide about
that in the end., j
This might forestall the possible even likely
Japanese intention to play upon our eagerness 4 to
end the war and avert chaos in thai peace. 1
The danger lies just there, that we allow the
Japanese to feel they are getting away with any-
' tw- si; ; . - i
If they get that idea, they would be encouraged
to plan, for a future, revival of Japanese ' fighting
spirit, for the chief Institution around which this
spirit was built in the past was the institution of
the emperor. . j j
The deadly thing about this was not the re
ligious aspect, but the feeling it gave Japanese
militarists that they were doing divine work which
could not be questioned because they were work
ing for a divine being. They felt that no one -particularly
civil or- international authority had
any right to tell them what they could or could
not do. . " . i-: -. ; '
As they were greedy, cruel men they went ahead -1
and did as they pleased. The regimented, thoroughly
. mis-educated Japanese people followed them.
:'s Individual Japanese, being enslaved, in the end
welcomed or at least accepted this state of things.
Japan was divine, therefore each Japanese became :
a superman to the extent he fulfilled the divine
' wordJ - . X; : - i - -v
My personal observation was that most Japanese"
liked the feeling. y
Now, even in defeat," Japan's leaders 'may be
trying 10 Keeping um genesis of this situation going.
h xne emperor is Kept onrthe big Job' will be
Tho Literary j
Guldcpost
1 By W. O. ROGERS
SAINTS AND STKANGEXS. f
I Geort F. WUIIsm (Eeyaal
; Httelicack; S3.7J).
I Just three and a quarter cen
turies ago this summer and fall,
the Pilgrims left their homes ir.
Leyden and, joining other Eng
lishmen recruited -in London,
Sailed for this country and land!
ed on Dec. 21 in Plymouth.
! They paid a heavy price to
found a colony in the new world.
Unhappily, they have continued
to pay a heavy price; it was
their luck to be interpreted for
us by colorless, moralizing Vic
torians who pictured them as in
sufferably sanctimonious when
In reality they were lusty Eliz
abethans who happened also to
be stalwart Christians.
I If the last you read about
the dauntless band which sail--,
ed in the Mayflower was in
grammar school, Willison has a
jot of surprises for you; and it
should be added that he ; writes
with bis heart in it and sharp
ens a phrase until it can draw
blood.
The . Pilgrims, or Br'ownists,
originally from Scrooby in Eng
land, fled to Amsterdam. After,
some shocking licentiousness, or
accusations of it, one group with
drew to Leyden.
J The 1620 voyage to America,
'68 days from Plymouth to Ply
mouth, was made by the Pil
grims, who are Willison s
"saints,' and non-Pilgrims, many
i.of them religious conformists,
who are his "strangers."
The famed Mayflower compact
was not a great equalitarian doc
, ument but an establishment of
minority rule . aimed at thwart
' ing the "strangers' in their de
' termination to enjoy their own
brand of liberty. 4 ; t
I It Is doubtful whether' Ply
mouth Rock, as we see it today,
I is anything more than a symbol,
f and it is certain that it ia now a
lot of pieces of stone that may
f never have been aU one. !
The morals of the forefathers
'Iwere not above reproach; even
fPeregrine White, "first white
I child born in America," was to
:! be accused and convicted of lax-
ity. And of course Mrs. He
1 mans was wrong in saying the
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U0O0 i Yards) Seems
like 11000 MUea ,
on Little Okinawa
By Max Desfer
(Subbinf for Kenneth ' L. Dixon)
OKINAWA -! (Delayed) -Fve
been out hunting Japanese.
Not alone, of course: I went out
with the men! who know the
business. I was out on patrol
with company A, First battalion,
108th regiment of the 37th divi
sion, the division that's doing the
mopping up on northern Oki
nawa. ;
Going out on patrol on mop
ping up operations doesn't sound
like much, but it's the toughest,
rugged est job I've ever worked
on. By the map our patrol went
about 12,000 yards from the east
to the west coast. As the infan
tryman goes it was about 20
miles of a slow, tortuous, foot
aching, back-breaking march.
It seems to me that two pairs
of everything would be a tre
mendous help. One set of eyes to
watch your footing and another
set to keep ant alert on the side
trails and thick underbrush. One
pair pf hands to keep the gun
ready and the other to help climb
the terrain.: Four legs to keep
This is not ordinary march.
There is rarely) a stretch of level
ground. The trails are deep ruts
and the men walk by placing
one foot directly in front of the
other. . They walk through
streams up to their knees and
climb over slippery rocks and up
rocky walls with nothing to hold
on to but imagination.
Your pack feels as if it was
loaded with rocks. You're soaked
in . sweat and the belt around
your waist disTS into your bones.
Nothing is said on the march.
Every breath is precious. When
we stop for -a few minutes the
men drop in line and relax on
the damp ground or under the
blazing sun. f .
Pilgrims came in a ""bark," land
ed on a "stern and rock-bound
coast or even sought "freedom
to worship God," for in fact they
had enjoyed fthat freedom in
Leyden.;.-'
Million Americans May Be
Needed to Occupy Jap hies
"By Jack Bell.: v " ' v P- -WASHINGTON,
'An 10-(P)-More than a million Americans may
be required for the immediate occupation of Jspan once the Japanese
surrender is iinali ; . lV L'il'..-.L-Ji-
High government officials said today viuiea owes
uonaDiy wui nave vu
first to disarm and police the Ja
panese home islands. Russian
Bump
er
Crop
Predicted by
AffricidtuHsts
WASHINGTON,- Aug. 10- (ft -The
third largest general food and
feed crop in this country's his
tory was forecast for 1945 by the
department . of agriculture today.
Corn prospects especially
showed "marked, improvement"
during July. - . ' ' '
Based on August 1 conditions,
the. total crop output for this
year now promises to exceed the
im-32 average by 21 per cent,
but it would be 2.5 per cent be
low record productions of 1942
and 1944. It-would be four per
cent more ' than the 1945 total,
however, and eight per cent
above the aggregate production
of any other year.
Agriculture officials admittedly
had been concerned over pros
pects for corn production, needed
badly for livestock feed . and for
food and. manufacturing plants.
Favorable weather in July in
creased the prospects and on the
basis of August 1 conditions, the
board forecast a corn crop of 2,
844,475,000 bushels compared
with its July 1 prediction of 2,
685,328,000 and last year's pro
duction of 3,228,361,000.
I was amazed at how these
men do this day after day. But
my hat goes off to three members
of the medical detachment. They
took turns carrying the litter,
moving .right along with the
clumsy stretcher, never holding
up the line or falling out. The
medics, T3 v Edward Schuster,
Bloss vale, N. Y.; Pvt Harold
Marett, Anderson, S. C, and
FFC Gordon Stone, Niagara
Falls, N. had to crash through
the steep, thick jungle mountains
just as the riflemen did.
All along the way we passed
shacks and huts used, by the
fleeing enemy. In many We found
clothing, food and ammunition.
The last man in " the line burned
: the shelters and above the roar
of the fires we J could hear the
burst of hidden grenades and the
crackle of small arms ammuni
tion. . -7-j j : .
We started out at 7:30 a.m.
and came: to the bivouac area at
6:20 pjn. Small fires were built
to make Coffee in canteen cups.
.. The meal; .was of canned rations.
' Patrols and watches were set up,
. each man taking a 50 minute
turn. Ponchos were stretched on
the - ground, liquid insecticide
rubbed oh hands and faces and
company j A went to sleep, still
completely dressed in wet uni
forms and boots, a rifle beside
each man. - - !
Our alarm clock at daybreak
was the humming of thousands
of flies, j There , were more ra
tions and coffee; with ashes and
dust for flavor, j j
j We encountered no 1 Japanese
soldiers, but some other units
did. By the time I reached the
road on the west side and went
the last half mile to the command
post I was walking strictly from
memory. I !
I only had two days of it But
the men of the 27th division still
x win have day after day of gruel
ling patroling until every last
Japanese soldier on Okinawa is
- accounted Jor. Then the men can
go back to talking about the num
ber of points, they- have and
how soon the war will end. !
Josephine County
Hop Picking to Start
GRANTS PASS, Aug, 20-raV
Hop picking starts in Josephine
county Aug. 13, and will be in
full swing ten days later, C. W.
Thornberry, farm labor assistant,
said today, .- j ;
He said 20 yards will be en
tirely hand-picked while 12 yards
will be either partially or fully
machine-picked. Six new porta
ble hop pickers are on order but
not delivered. , .1,
0tP I
0B3OOO0
(Continued From Page 1)
GRIN AND BEAR IT jBy Iichty ash00 0f Lif0
vs. . '-V ' - .4 lf. jX
f -.r.
f ; M
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xi r.
i
y e.M ! a nil. fll tiC".
OGDEN, Utah-vVOity eonv
missioner William D. Wood was
absent from a commission meet
ing with good cause.
Explained Mayor David
Romnev:! - -
"He cant walk because of his
knee and be can't use crutches
because of his fractured arm."
Wood was tossed from a horse
and injured. L",
"The Chiefs, try la eat a new method far eeafesslasn
x. be leaned from a psickiatristrt - v: -
. VTNCENNES, I n L-(P)-With
thoughts of the Pacific still fresh
in his mind, a just-returned-home
veteran walked into po
lice headquarters today and said
a- Japanese warphme was pass
ing over! the city at a height: of
about 2500tt feet, i
The police ea lied, nearby
George field, BL and the vet
eran was right A Jap -Zero
from George field was at that
.moment Hying over the city on
an experimental flight. k
TRENTON, N. J. - (P) - A har
assed bua driver whose passen
gers were following the old
American tradition of congregat
ing near the front of the bos
tried a hew tack today.
Discarding the simple pleas
used by all bus drivers, he
shouted:! .
"Free beers to the rear, folks!"
. The passengers moved to the
back of the bus. ; ; .
though it has suffered longest
from the Japanese it may in
sist on the elimination of the
emperor as a precaution for its
own future safety. Russia may
think that the ousting of Japan
from the Continent is victory e
nough, for Russia is tired of
war, too. ."
The possible alternative
which must be considered is
continued' Japanese resistance
making necessary costly inva
sion. America thinks in terms
of lives of Americans and Pres
ident Truman and his advisers
must decide whether it ia better
to take the risk of having to pay
a high price now, or the risk of
having , to fight the Japanese
war over again because of the
survival of the emperor-cult. For
better, for worse, the decision
rests with the heads of the four
states. The people must ac
cept' their conclusion.
My own opinion is that if the
condition Is rejected the Japs
will quickly surrender anyway.
The emperor himself, if he has
any mind of his. own, will not
want safety of his person to
bring the impending annihilation
of hundreds of thousands of his
subjects. On the other hand, I
do not mink his remaining on
the throne Win be much of
future menace. When this war
ends, Japan will be finished,
emperor or no emneror. Th
divinity myth has suffered a
wow it will hardly survive, es
pecially if freedom of thought is
allowed the Japanese. The
emerging powers of Soviet Asia
and China will i be fully able
to police Japan and the United
States will not suffer another
Peart Harbor.
trooos nrobablr will take over in
Manchuria, Korea and the island
of Sakahalin, which they have,
shared with the Japanese.
The Potsdam surrender ultima
tum of July 26 said key points in
Japan would be j held until its
war-making power Is destroyed
and the terms of the UJS.-British-Chinese
1943 Cairo declaration for
the dismemberment of the em
pire are carried out
Because they are closest to the
main islands, troops under Gen
eral . Douglas MacArthur, - with
some marine and ; naval detach
ments, are expected to make up
the original occupation force.
If present plans are followed,
these troops probably will occupy
seven of Japan's principal cities,
maintaining 'only nominal control
over the rural areas, j '
The formal arrangements for
the more permanent control of
Japan still are a Big Three secret,
but the speculation here is that
individual Japanese islands may
be assigned later ' for occupation
by the United States, Great Brit
ain, China and Russia.
If Emperor Hirohito is allowed
to stay, the expectation is the al
lies would merely step into the
place which has been occupied by
Japanese army leaders in recent
years, laying their orders before
the emperor for j his automatic
signature. , ;::'. . j ..j '-"
In such event, the form of sov
ereignty exercised j by the emper
or would be followed, with the
allies actually ruling Japan just
as they rule Germany. This route
could be used to carrjr out the
objectives laid down in the Pots
dam surrender ultimatum which
the Japanese say they are willing
to accept i t
41st Infantry
Division Gets
Many Honors
HEADQUARTERS, 41ST DIVI
SION, Philippines,; Aug. 10- (JP) -The
"Jungleers" of the north
west's famed 41st infantry divi
sion won a total of 484 decora
tions for heroism j or- conspicuous
achievements in battle during the
recently concluded Sulu archi
pelago -south Philippines cam
paign. Of the awards, 36 were
made posthumously. -
One Distinguished Service cross
was given, four Legions of Merit,
50 Silver Stars, ' nine Soldier's
medals, 391 Bronze Star medals,
and 28 Air medals.
Additionally, 956 Purple Hearts
were issued,' 227 posthumously.
'During the 40 months the 41st
has served under General MacAr
thur in the far Pacific, the divi
sion's veterans have been award
ed 2247 individual .decorations
and 8131 Purple Hearts.
Commissioner Plans '
To Raise Vet Age limit
PORTLAND, Aug. 10-0P)-City
Commissioner Fred L. Peterson
proposed tonight to submit for
the next May primary election a
charter amendment which would
raise the age limit on applicants
for police and fire department
jobs for war Veterans.
In a letter to the American Le
gion and the Veterans of Foreign
Wars, be asked support of a plan
to boost the top age limit by five
years for the city's civil service
positions. " . j ' f
Northwest Potato
Sale Boost Planned
PORTLAND, Aug. lO CA
Plana to boost sales of surplus
northwest potatoes were mapped
today by the food industry ad
visory committee of the US. de
partment of agriculture.
A surplus was caused by can
cellation of army contracts, re
frigerator car shortage, early rip
ening due to hot weather' and un
usually large acreages, USDA
said.". ;." ;-' - l .
A NAN IS
KNOWN DY TH3
O T7EAH3!
Sterling - - Others -Gold
and
Gold noted
tUVHffNTS
. y
S3 Court SC .