"it ! PAGE F0U3 The OliEGON STATESMAN, Ccdem, Oregon, Thursday Morning, June 14, 1343 "NoTavor Sways Us; No Tear Shall A tot, t From' First Statesman, March 28, 1851 - THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY CHARLES A. S PRAGUE, Editor and Publisher ' - Member of the Associated Press ', The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use fee publication of aU news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited In this newspaper Senate's Mistake ' Legislation usually is worked out in congres sional committees, but houses retain the privi lege of making amendments on the floor. Ex ercise of this privilege on Monday, seems to have put the- OPA extension bill -in a jam. After a number of amendments to direct policies of price control were defeated, Senator Wherry proposed an amendment which would require the OPA to set prices for farm products which would cover production .costs and give the farmers a reasonable profit. Seeing the chance of doing something for the farmer the senate adopted the amendment. No sooner had they done so than the fact dawned on them they had upset the whole plan of. parity price legis lation which congress previously had worked out. So senate heads called for elimination of the amendment in the house, hf Edward A. O'Neal, president of the American Farm bureau, who has sponsored parity legis lation, called the Wherry amendment Unwork able and impracticable. He pointed out the impossibility :o,f applying it to the more than six million farms in the country, "no two of which are .alike." ; The government is -warranted in extending price guarantees or subsidies to bring farm production up to amounts which are needed for feeding the people and helping win the war, but that doesn't mean the government should guarantee the laziest farmer, the poor est farmer, cost of production plus a reasonable profit. The accounting for that would be an impossible task. Either there would be as many prices as there were costs of production, or to guarantee the least efficient operator cost plus profit and fix that as the price would mean to guarantee huge profits for the more efficient. What that would do to the treasury or to the cost of living can scarcely be imagined. . In dealing with large groups, whether of labor, of farmers, of industries, - general aver ages must be used. As a rule those are generous enough, when fixed by government agencies, to allow better profits than are realized under free competition. . The surprising thing, however, is that the senate, "greatest deliberative body on earth," in adopting the Wherry amendment, took snap judgment on a question which presented in the form of a bill would have consumed days of debate. Now, senators must be humiliated to have to run over to the house and beg its members to kill their mistake. r . By Arlene Welt i : AP.Ntwtfcatures Writer Old Glory was 165 years old be- fore Congress sot around to set ting down in black and white how ; the red, white and blue should be displayed.- I . ' Actually, it's the blue, white and red, as Gridley Adams, chairman of the National Flag Code commit tee, would point out immediately. Adams has been trying to set the " ,. . people lot ! the United States routines and for organization, It can always straight . about their flag since set for itself high standards of operation. That 1921, when he decided, after stud- is what the people want for all: the veterans' facilities. - . jf ir ying heraldry, that few people knew how to wave Old Glory, He started out by sketching what he thought was the correct way to display the flag,- ahd sent the sketches to a New York news paper, cartoonist. Both Adams and the newspaper were promptly de luged with, letters and phone calls asking where all the new rules had come from. . i Conventions Held Since then, Adams has been the mentor of several flag code con ventions held by various patriotic organizations, and also helped W vise the first congressional flag code, which is a list of flag eti quette rules only, and carries no penalty.- iJ:V ":Xv " ' :V Adams has written magazine ar ticles on the do's and don'ts of flag etiquette, and , is working on a flag book. And because he feels it's "lamentable that mo few people are flag-conscious," Adams also serves as historian of another group, the ITag In Every Home committee, which urges , more universal display of the flag. Effect Cited ; v - This second group Is headed by. G, P. Wniiamson,. World ,Wai I veteran," who decided when, the army turned him down this time that , he could contribute some thing worthwhile by arousing pa triotism among civilians. . He pays popular display of a nation's ban ner ban have a profound effect on the populace, and cites Germany as an example. "One of the reasons for Hitler's quick rise," he says, "was that the Hitler symbol was so prevalent. It was in everybody. home, on aararvHivfv'a arm V Ppnnla ant - in the habit or worshipping tne'swas tika." . - '$ works with large Industrial firms and real estate, holders, believes every home should display' the ! flag. He : has three.! The flag," he believes, is the Cross of pat triotism, and should be displayed as a patriotic privilege at all times r-not as a result of holiday jollifi cation." Veterans' Facilities In ! the- free-for-all roundup of complaints against veterans' facilities, the hospital at Port land and the one at Roseburg did not escape. The American legion's report i on the former referred to "apparent dissatisfaction between staff and supernumerary doctors; other condi tions fair to good.'' The VFV report was: "Alleged abuse to patients; poor food prepara tion." Both reports were critical as to the Roseburg facility. . j in.. : ai ; - a. it n . . Hie luiiipwiiii wiui reierene vo uie run land veterans' hospital sounds thin. Anyone visiting an institution on a snooping expedition can find matters to criticize or hear grousing of inmates or staff members. In general, how ever, the Portland facility bears a fine reputa tion. Scores and scores of veterans have gone there for treatment and we have never heard a single complaint with regard to the care and consideration they received. Dr. Paul I. Carter, administrator of the hospital, is highly regarded in veterans' circles in Oregon and his institution is held in favorable esteem. So we are inclined to brush off the minor criti cisms offered by the investigators as of little consequence. The Roseburg facility has been used for psy chopathic cases and less is heard regarding it. It has never been a satisfactory institution, as far as Roseburg is concerned. It was promoted as a veterans' home. Congressman Hawley was chiefly instrumental in getting it located there. But the VA did nor operate it as a home but as a hospital I for the mentally ill. Whether because of the change in nature of the institu tion or for some other reason, the institution has not attracted much public interest since its construction, so there is no general report as to the quality of the service it renders. With increasing . demand for hospital care as a result of the present war, there should' go Insistence that the treatment provided both as to living conditions and professional attention be of exceirent quality. While an institution vHiuiwi aav wuwn ata iitaiaibtrr wnicn vaUS lor Editorial Comment GUARANTEEING 60,Q0.l0t JOBS The time has come to talk sense about the gov ernment guaranteeing 60,000,000 jobs in the post war period. Senator George, a democrat, puts his finger on the point involved. To guarantee that or any other arbitrary number would lead, he says, "to the most rigid-regimentation we ever had in peace." The Warner & Swasey company of Cleveland adds to the sum total of thinking by saying: "Gov 1 eminent can't put 60,000.000 people to work there wouldn't be anyone left to pay the bills." The practical approach, without building up a false hope is, as Senator George says, to aim at a level of productivity that will furnish full env nloyment as far as it can be realized. , No one is doing anyone a service by building up1 the hope that by fiat 60,000,000 or any other number of jobs can be guaranteed by government or business. To try ' it would be to set up a socialized control of industry that would destroy the virtue of workx in a free country. That kind . of employment iajittte short of slavery. If the men who plowed under corn and burned pigs will just let industry do what it most wants to do, which is to . make work and- finance the people's leisure, there will be a maximum of jobs and a healthy competition to get them while prac ticing a thrift that provides the sinews of Indus- U - M fSMilllllHBSHBSaSSBMSMBHBSBBBsaSSSBHSlllSllllMMHMHHiVV Eisenhower Gets Russian j Award General Eisenhower's response to the presen tation to him by Marshal Zhukov of Russia's highest award was' not; merely the expression of formal thanks, but a warm : recognition of the contribution of Russia to the great allied victory and a firm pledge of association to pre vent future wars of aggression jby Germany, w chtjrcb or m speak- ON SPEAKER'S PLATFORM, If displayed fiat, the flag shoald be above and behind the speak er,! and should never cover his desk The flag should never be used as a drape, ' together with a fervent plea J for peace. In words unusual for a ! professional soldier he spoke in behalf of the goal of peace, saying: "All of us who are right-thinkiftg want the." common man of all nations to have opportuni-w ties that we fcsught to preserve for them. : 4 "They want the opportunities ! that will let all nations that have been engaged in this war to go forward together to' greater pros perity not for us sitting around this table . but for the masses that we represent." i While the newspapers have been reporting growing raggedness in Russo-American rela tions, reports from the occupied; areas of Ger many are of differeni tenor. lAmerican and Russian soldiers have f been . fraternizing on a very friendly basis. They seem 'to have gotten on famously in spite of language difficulties. General Eisenhower's speech at; Frankfurt, and his later tribute to Marshal Zhukov in London, show that the irritations of inter-allied affairs have not affected his bf oad judgment. With favorable reports coming of the mission of Harry Hopkins to Moscow, and some pros pect of thawing out the freeze 5 on the Polish question, a basis for closer relations between the three major allies who have fought together and won the war together mayi have been laid; ers platform, the flag is placed at the clergyman's or speaker's right aa he faces the' aedleneo er conrre ration. Other flags belong at left. IN GROUPS, the flag of the Unit ed States should be displayed at the center or highest point ef the group. Ia a parade. It shoald be carried en the march ing right. OUTDOORS, ever the middle ef a! street, the flag shoald be suspended vertically with the union to the north in an Vaat- . west street, er to the east In a north-south street. FROM STAFF projecting- heri sentally from window, balcoay er in front ef a building, the flag's onion should go clear to the staffs peak, unless the flag Is at half-staft I - ,y - : - 7 . How to Dispose of Jerry Ammunition Poses Real Problem Otation County Judge Grant Murphy Wednesday pre sented Gardner Knapp with a citation and merit badge because of his work 'as director of salvage drives in Marion county. Knapp de served the recognition both because of the time he has devoted to the job andl the results he has attained. Not a man to pick a scrap, he has certainly induced thousands of people to save their scraps, of paper, tin and fats, for Uncle Sam's stockpile.' t By Henry B. Jameson (Substituting for Kenneth L. j Dixon) j IXJNDOffM-The Allies are faced with a problem in decid ing how best to dispose of mil lions of tons of captured Ger man armament and ammunition. So far inot satisfactory solu tion has been reached by the army or the military govern ment industrial experts, say mil itary sources here. However, reports from the 21st army group indicate that consid erable amounts of the ammuni tion collected so far has been tagged for use against Japan. Huge dumps of Nazi tanks, ssanss Rep. Stockman's proposal tpv hold hearings in various western cities on; the Japanese problem will accomplish one purpose and Only one it will give sponsors ahd participants another opportunity tci get. their names before the taxpayers, at the taxpayers' expense. There used to be laws and courts and a constitution for such things, if our memory! serves us right. ?! At least not everything has departed from normal these hectic days both Philadelphia ball teams remain at the bottom of their re spective leagues. The weather bureau ' says it made its first weather map in 1871; and as; far as we can observe this spring there hasn't been any improvement since. i . I - ;- Interpreting The War News By KIRKE L. SIMPSON. Associated Pron War Analyst (Continued From Page 1) their late, costly experience com panies writing auto insurance , have lately increased rates for collision insurance by about 25 per cent. No change has been made on! damage to property or injuries o persons, but without doubt" actuaries are studying these records closely. ; Thus it turns out that the fi nancial responsibility law which Vas roundly condemned two years ago as an insurance com pany racket hasn't proven the bonanza for insuring compan ies which may have been anti pated. It didn't take the in sured long to learn they had something in the insurance pol icy they bought, and how to collect on it if they got into trouble, f The companies couldn't draw the line too closely in picking risks, either. Since they had urged legislation whose ef fect was to herd auto owners in to insurance, they couldn't be too strict in: barring the bum driv , era -and the bad risks. And certainly knowledge they had in urance did not make the reck less drive any more carefully. So ' this prove possible there are still the losses have been running much higher than the compan ies counted on, until the rate in crease was made. ' - What does it all add up to? Simply his that concerns op erating on rather rigid rate structures, like insurance com panies, get hit in times of infla- tion. Aso, that the near-compulsory insurance law' passed here two years ago proved a ti : ; i ' boon to many car owners, giving Services of more than 40 skilled them substantial protection In a trades are required to build a lib time of rising costs. erty ship. . -v . Aside from his own immediate policy declara tions as he took office on the death of President Roosevelt, perhaps the; most important step in international affairs President Truman has taken was his selection of Harry Hopkins and Joseph E. Davies as his emissaries respectively to Premier Stalin and Prime Minister Churchill leading up to the next "big three" meeting. He could have found ho two men better qualified to reassure Moscow and London! that Mr. Roose velt's passing meant no change whatever in Ameri can purposes for war and peace. Both had been too long and too intimately associated with the inmost circle of Roosevelt policy making for their new assignments to have any other meaning in Russian or. British eyes.! . il : : r With Hopkins' return from Moscow the presi dent announced that the time, the place and J, ' r, presumably the agenda for his first .meeting with GRIN AND BEAR IT ma Russian ana crmsn colleagues are xixea. or security reasons the where arid : when .ere not to 'be released until the; principals reach the scene selected; but Mr. Truman's announcement Included a roster of the staff of advisers he will take with him. . . , , ; ?f ,-. ; - r . The composition of that staff Is interesting. With Secretary Stettinius and former war mobilizer .Byrnes topping the list and Hopkins and Davies also to go if their health permits, it appears weighted for discussions of post-War problems in Europe, or for implementation of the world peace organization taking shape in San Francisco. Reports from Capitol Hill indicate that Mr. Truman is so encouraged by what his personal scouts have told him from that sector as - well as from San Francisco,,- Moscow and London that he even hopes to have actual or assured Ameri can legislative ratification of the world organization charter in his pocket by the time of the "big three" meeting. v It was not greatly stressed but the president said he would also take along not only Admiral Leahy," presidential chief of staff rand presiding officer of the American joint chiefs of staff, but other representatives of the joint chiefs. Obviously military as well as political questions are on the "big three" agenda although their nature must remain a matter of speculation It does not seem probable thai details of allied and Russian occupational deployments in Germany or elsewhere in Europe would reach such high levels of deliberation and decision. Provision for that was made at Yalta and is being carried out by the council of Russian and allied commanders wnich met In Berlin to promulgate the Berlin guns and other armament which are scattered up and down the length and breadth of the reich can be disposed of, in the course of time, as scrap metal, .but the stocks of ammunition and high explosive fall Into an entirely different category. At the present time every a vailable ammunition expert of the royal army ordnance corps is engaged in ; checking up on captured stocks in the British lector of -northern Germany, a war office observer reports. He said that all automatic 9 MM -calibre small arms were being oiled and stored in Ham burg to await j transportation to the far east where they will be used against the Japanese by British troops, i "All captured small arms am munition of this calibre will be shipped at. the Same time for use in these weapons or in our S Teh guns which are also 9 MM. calibre," he added. German antiaircraft guns and field artillery pieces are not con sidered vital necessities in- the Pacific theatre and come under the heading of scrap. This leaves the occupying forces with thous ands of tons of quick firing and breech-loading shells and pro pellant charges to dispose, of. Two courses are open, says the war office observer. Am munition can be dumped in the sea: or reduced to salvage. Both have drawbacks. The ministry of fisheries and the navy point out that am munition dumped into the sea must be . put ; into deep water where it can do. no harm to the fishing fleet ; Many: large car go ships - which are needed vitally elsewhere would be re quired to haul the stuff to the deep sea beds of the Atlantic ; The breaking down of high explosive like TNT, amatol and cordite propellent charges into their chemical elements for re use in industry involves a very high risk in human lives. The last war. proved that. Royal airforce experts are investigating the possibility of using captured German bombs a- gainst Japan,) but even should Emphasis on Politics Urged As Necessary "Americans should "take their politics more seriously and should look upon politicians as career men, most of whom I have found honest and sincere but inclined to- do odd things at odd times," the Rev. Chester HambUn. nastor or the First Presbyterian church, teld members of the Salem Ro tary club Wednesday noon In Ho tel Marion. The sneaker-was in troduced by Dr. J. C. Harrison. 'Three cities, three capitals or what does a preacher know about politics," was the subject udot which Reverend Hamblin spoke, having held charges in Oklaho ma City, Okla., Bismarck, ND, and now Salem. I . "Politics, according to Web ster," the speaker said, "is the science and art of government A politician is one versed or experi enced in the science of art of gov ernment. Democracies o p e r ate best through political parties. Par ties function through politicians. Eliminate politicians and you li quidate the parties, throwing the state into chaos.: Then fascists have their chance, - "That is why it is so stupid of us to follow the Hitler line of scoffing at politicians. Party gov ernment means ballots, fascist government means bullets. Jeffer son and Lincoln were politicians. How different might the history of the last 25 years have been if Wilson had been a politician. Pol iticians, skilled in government and propaganda, have achieved an ed ucation in democracy and are ad ept at organization. "Career men in government should be encouraged and we should cultivate a belief in their fundamental honesty and in teg- Tho Literary Guidepost By W. G. Rogers large stocks of chemical warfare bombs and gas shell cylinders to be disposed of. One valuable discovery in this checkup of Nazi war material Is that the containers for the cordite charges used in the heavy calibre breech-loading artillery are made of. aluminum. These cah be readily reduced for sal vage. . V"::-;! : . ; -: ' .! By Lichly trial activity. ' " - A logical step after guaranteeing 60,000,000 jobs declarations. However,! it is quite possible , that ; by socialised government eouia M to estaousn ouier questions arising from the war aftermath novernmental birth control to get the situation in Europe and more or less military in nature- reallvin control, and if it comes to that the social will require the presence of military advisers at "Ne, I'm not mad at yen, Lucius bat after a day's shopping and I I: h ft -; i I fat Is In the fire. Ore-oa-Cftx EnterErise. the,J3ig three" sessionw:.- .fawning:. en.. trades.. people, it', nice to ret home aad be natural? "UNCONDITIONAL SURBENDEK," hy Everett Holies (Howell, Soskia; S2.SS). Just 18 days after Germany surrendered at Rheims and end ed the war in Europe, this his tory of the military struggle in that theater, from Africa to Ber lin, "was placed on sale.; That's quick work. As the author, who is on the CBS staff acknowledges, there are some omissions, such as de tails about V-weapons and about , the aerial assault on Germany. The book undoubtedly would 'have been improved by more information about the all-important bomber raids which paved the way to victory; and also by 'a- few area maps' on larger scale than the end papers. Aside from these lacks, this Is it If you want to know what's been going on, Holies can tell you. He has a surprising wealth of - facts, innumerable : bits . of Information ranging from A to Z to V-E day. Time may make some changes, but In general this book may last as is, for the period from November, 1942 to j May, 1945. ; j "KNGINEEKDrG rBEVTrW," ky L. ; K. Grinter, Harry N. Hohne, B. : C. Speacer, Bafas OWenkarger, ' Charies Harris. H. G. KJoefHer, V. i m. Falrea (MuallUa; $). An introduction to engineering, with sections on chemistry, draw ing, mathematics, thermodynam ics and so on. This is a technical . book, but a thorough-going one, containing substantial surveys of what the future student must know in this field. ' ; " Alt NEWS TCAKBOOK, vduM t. editeO ojr PIU1U 1 Andrews (DaeU, : Sloaa Pearee; $4.73). i i Dedicated "to the gallant men - of our armed forces," his indis pensable volume describes vari- . ous aspects of aviation in gen f eral and ' the x'airforces 1 of the ' principal powers. It is illustrated with photographs. v I BMEKAlitS FO TH SUNG y - CMttutt Saverr; "ARROW fX,T HOME." fcr Katharine Gtosoo; "CATHT," hy Slaaie J Jehasoa (Loognaas, Green; each S2). All pleasantly illustrated, these books' are for young people. Miss Savery's story is laid in the time . of Cromwell, Miss Gibson's in ; American Indian f country; ' the ; first isa boy-and-giri stbry, the .r second of rather more Interest for boys. "Cathy" will; be 'the girls' favorite; it's done in big ' type for beginners' eyes.i - rityj We the people are the gov ernment. We need to stand by with faith in men, crea'ting a cli mate for good politics. We Tjive too little interest, too late, or much too soon. We get the kind of gov ernment that we deserve because we are the government" r Circus Rolls Is for Show At 3 o'Clock 1 . Coming from Albany on its own long train of double-length steel railroad cars, the Russel Bros. Pan-Pacific circus is scheduled to roll into Salem this morning over the S. P. line. The big show will exhibit, to day and tomorrow at the Leslie school grounds at 3 and 8 p. m., with the doors opening at 1 and 7 i t At the railway sidings and at the circus grounds, there will be varied and picturesque action the unloading of the 70-foot flat cars by teams of harnessed ele phants, the haul to the lot of the cavalcade of wild animal cages, baggage wagons and thousands of tons of colorful paraphernalia, and the raising of the city of tents, including the five-pole big top, in which the main performances are given. Arriving with the circus will be hundreds of people, elephants, horses and the rare . zoological speciments in the Russell Bros, menagerie. . Staged by Barbette, noted stage director and big top producer, this year's Russell Bros. Pan-Pacific performance is ultra modern, yet "circusy" to the core, according to advance announcements. . An array of topflight attractions make up . the 1945 program, in which scores of noted circus stars participate. New feats of horsemanship are presented by Lucio, Belmonte and other members of the Cristiani family of bareback riding marvels. Prominent among the multitude of: allurements in the arena and in the air are: the Ortans, acro batic whirlwinds; two troupes of the Flying Conceilos, with An toinette Concello, known as the greatest girl flyer of all time; China's balancing wizard, Ala Ming Fu, reputedly the only girl ever to accomplish forward somer saults on the tight wire; and love ly La Louise, "Queen of "Aerial Rhythm," who stars in the all girl Cloud Ballet. Traffic Deaths Show Increase Over May 1944 ;Oregon traffic fatalities during May showed an increase of 42 per cent over the traffic death toll for the same month a year ago, Secretary of State Robert S. Ter rell, jr., reports.-. ,:y ... - :: ' ' Traffic : accidents i claimed 17 lives in May of this year; com pared to 19 a year ago. .The pedestrian death toll for the month was four, the same as for Moy of 1944. Thus, the pedestrian fatalities constituted IS per cent of the total death toll for the month, while in 1944, pedestrian fatalities amounted to .2 1 per cent of the month's traffic toll. There were three bicycle fatal ities in May, the first fatalities of this type reported so far this year. Last year, the first five months of the year saw five bicycle fatali ties. ' - . , Knapp Qted For Salvage Drive Work - - .- : f: . .v.' ' "Salem rose from 26th in rank in the state to second in rank In effective production j of salvage, due in a large measure to the di rectional work off Gardner Knapp," County Judge Grant Murphy told members of the Sa lem Rotary club Wednesday noon in Hotel Marion when, presenting a citation and service bar to Knapp for 5000 volunteer hours of service to the cause. Judge Murphy is j chairman of the Marion county j civilian de fense unit. . "Civilian defense,! when first organized was deemed , by many to be a unit for i combat in case of invasion," the judge said, "but it developed that many duties fell to the lot of its members. They manned air raid shelters, watched for bombs. The organization took on such jobs as caring for babies of servicemen, their wives and also aiding farmers in finding help to produce crops for war. "Classes were set up for men inducted into the .service. They were informed as to their, rights and how to protect them while at war. Members of civilian defense took major interest in war bond drives and finally when the ma-" teriel barrel became empty turned attention to salvage.) Rubber tires, scrap metal, aluminum and finally paper became bywords of mem bers, f "All of these drives gave mem bers headaches Until Gardner Knapp took over arid headed the work crews. Under his leader ship we jumped from 28th to sec ond place in the state. Only Ben ton county stands above us and it holds its place because every stu dent in Oregon State college is enlisted in drives there." Upon receiving the -citation and service bar from the' Oregon State ' defense council, Knapp told Ro ta rians that the honors should be divided between a number of oth ers who through their cooperation had made the record of work pos sible. I- .- Pre-Indnction Meeting Set For Monday A pre-induction meeting for lo cal men called up tor their phy sical examinations will be held at ' the Salem Chamber ; of Commerce, Monday, July 18, at 8 o'clock, W. H. Baillie, chairman of the area's pre-induction service committee, has announced. J Pre-induction meetings are held for each group of selectees as they are notified by their local Selec tive Service board. Conducted un der the sponsorship of the Marion " county . defense council, . these classes attempt to assist the men to make an, easier . adjustment from civilian to military life. . Information is given them - by Ray Bassett concerning the cor rect papers to be taken with them when entering the I armed forces to facilitate applications for fam- ily allowances, togther with other legal advice. ; Services given the men and their families by the Red Cross are explained - by Orpha Dasch. V All men in Marion and Polk counties who are entering the mil- itary service in the near future have been urged to attend and to' bring their families or friends. ' STEVEIIS Select Your Gift for Dad at Stevens if V - - A Fitted Cases Watch Chains Key Chains Billfolds Cigarette Cases Terms Gladly Arranged Expansion Bands Money Clips Watches Rings . i 2S9 Court SL - .Store Hoars , 9:30 - 6:00