i r Th OREGON STATESMAN. Salem, Oregon. Wednesday Morning. May 18. 1945 PAGE FOUR "No Focor Sways Us; No Fear Shall Axotr , i r from First Statesman. March 28, 1351 I THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher -Member of the Associated Press , The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of aL news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper. When the World Rocked John Reed, former Portland journalist who is buried in the Kremlin at Moscow, wrote a book on the. bolshevik revolution which was published under the title "Ten Days That Shook the World." - : ... i . Of the period from the death of Roosevelt through the surrender of Germany it might be said they were "thirty days in which the world shook.". - Never before with the exception of Passion Week have so many events of momen tous significance -crowded into a brief space of time. From a headline writer's standpoint they were at once his delight and his despair. The Iront page failed to carry the load of "front page must" stories. No newsman expects to see the like again in his lifetime. Here is a summary of the starring events , which made the month from April 12 on a month fruitful for history: April 12 Death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt at Warm Springs, Georgia. I April 13 Harry S. Truman takes Nation's - helm, charting course of victory and lasting , peace.. . April 24 Marshal Henri - Philippe Petain, Vichy Chief of State, surrenders to face treason charge. April 25 The United Nations Conference on International Organization opens at San Fran-.- CISCO.) i ' April 25 United States and Russian troops cut Germany in two by junction along Elbe f: river. ' April il Benito Mussolini executed by Ital ian Partisans. April 28 German peace offer to U. S. and England rejected; report of total surrender de nied by Truman. May 1 Germans announce death of Adolph Hitler; Doenitz, new Fuehrer, says war to con i tinue. 1 - --. May 2 Russians proclaim capture of Berlin. May 2 Germans surrender unconditionally in Italy, Southern Austria. May 4-t-Germans in Netherlands, Northwest Germany and Denmark give up. .May 5-4-Germans surrender in West Austria, Bavaria. May 6- -Unconditional German surrender in "little red schoolhouse" ends European war. May 8 Truman, Churchill proclaim V-E day, pledge victory over Japan; surrender "ratified" in, Berlin. ! ' May 9 Air Marshal Hermann Goering, No. 2 on war criminal docket, surrenders to Ameri cans. . .; May 10 Partial demobilization plans an nounced for U. S. troops; transition to peace time economy under way. Time for New Meeting The return of Molotov to Russia and Anthony Eden to London puts emphasis on the need for an early meeting of the heads of the principal powers of the United Nations: Great Britain, Russia, the United States, perhaps China and France. Although the conference at San Fran cisco dealt chiefly with problems of a new or ganization for oeac. while-thes men wpr. in this country it was possible to hold conversa tions on .subjects relating. to the peace settle ment, like Poland. These men have returned to their capitals, j and many grave issues arising out, of the war remain unsettled. Yalta's agree ments have become bogged down. Trieste lifts its head like another Danzig. Churchill and Truman have expressed them selves as eager for a new conference with Stalin. The latter can have no excuse about his duty as chief of staff in lighting a war to prevent his attendance. Statesmen of the secondary level (foreign ministers) have been unable to com pose differences over Poland. Perhaps the heads of the state can. At least they ought to try to 'do so. "The Polish question involves not only the composition of the government at Warsaw, but also the lot of the 16 members of Polish resist ance who were arrested,' and the future bound aries of Poland; The new Austrian government is not recognized by Great Britain and the Unit- . ed States, but is by Russia. How can this differ ence be adjusted? When will American news- , writers be permitted to have access to liberated or enemy territories now occupied by Russia? How . nearly uniform will be the administra tions of the several portions of Germany? Here are topics 'for the leads to discuss and if at all possible to agree on. The, immediate peace of the world depends grdatly on how well the victors do the job of handling their victory. A new company has been formed to drill for oil over around Burns. Hope springs eternal . . perhaps on the theory that the desert land ought to be good for something. This war loan is the "Mighty Seventh." We hope it doesn't prove as spurious as "Mighty Oregon" sometimes in a USC game. Editorial Comment WORLD CARTEL FOR COTTON Our cotton export subsidy, which in essence Is the "dumping" so long abominable in our eyes, is bearing its natural fruit It first provoked a price war between the United States and Brazil in the world cotton market ' Now it is incubating a plan for an international government cartel in cotton, which representatives of the principal cotton grow ing and spinning countries will offer their govern ments for adoption. ;-.V':"f . As our Washington bureau j related last week, Brazilians have ready a draft of the cartel plan. It includes production and export quotas, agreed sell ing prices, acreage limitations on planting and pur Chases by the government; of each producing coun try of its excess, production, if any. - - A specially intriguing feature of the plan is that cotton surplus purchases by the government of any producing country are to be financed through loans from ' our Export-Import Bank for three years at 3 . interest The world's needs would , be esti mated by the cartel's governors every -six months and yearly export quotas might be revised accord ingly. ' , ' It is a beautiful plan and yet our countrymen cannot but feel a little hurt by the loan provision. It is too like an intimation that we are a bit mer cenary in our world outlook. Why shouldn't we be allowed to five them the money. Wall Street Journal. ; ' .. , .,..,..-.' 'Oh, Oh, What's This?' ? Speaking before the Washington Advertising club, Robert El Hannegan, postmaster general and chairman of the democratic national com mittee said that the program for me future would be government cooperation with business rather than control. He said that once he threat of inflation ends, government controls wUl be lifted, adding: ! I hope that in those years, under President Truman, old uncertainties that plagued our na tion's business and those who managed it will disappear. .. . .ii .:',' Read that again; it's a new word out of Wash ington. And it comes from the man jjWho made Truman vice president (and hence president) and whose apparent assignment Is tomake him president again. -The administration, via Bob Hannegan, is starting out to woo business .and business management. : ., f There was a time a decade ago when Presi dent Roosevelt made overtures to business, and had a group of business leaders set; up as an advisory council in the commerce department It soon became evident however thaf their ad vice was not soughtj that the new deal was de termined to flail banking, utilities, and other business scapegoats. Since then business has been skittish of government at Washington. "Old uncertainties," indeed; how eagerly bus iness awaits their disappearance. Hannegan' bow is clearly to the right, like Senator Hard ing's bid for return to "normalcy" in the 1920 campaign. I A new prophet has arisen in Israel The days of the scourge are at an end. The president aims at an era of good feeling, with an end of the po litical plagues which have irritated arid annoyed business executives for a dozen years. This in deed marks a change of direction, any one which was not first "cleared with Sidney." j British Election j Prior to Prime Minister Churchill' speech of Sunday it was predicted he would set a date for a general election in Great Britain. July or Oc tober were the dates favored by th prophets, leaving August and September out for vacations and harvesting. But the prime rmnisfer gavi no intimation he was considering an eafly call for an election. Instead he talked ina vein as though the present government would continue. An election will, be held; it seems certain, at a date not very far off. There has been no elec tion for ten years, and nowthat the great weight of fear and of effort has been lifted with Ger many's defeat the British will want i fresh ex pression of public opinion. Held soon, the con servative party would probably receive a fresh mandate and Churchill be retained as head of the government Even so he would prefer a coalition government until the Jap war is con cluded and the country well on the way to peace. The labor party lacks the leadership and the public confidence, though it has contributed mightily to the common task of winning) the war. If the election should be deferred very long, the opposition might gather strength and gain power. The differences are not fvery great however: the conservatives are standpatter! who legislate along very liberal lines while the labor party talks radical and legislates Very conservatively. Britain will still beBritairi no matter when an election is held. I " J 1 v Am wMm Eclipse of the Rising Son mr mm rmwl wMk Tm Wa V I - f i - TPflnrmrs 3 .Sa5; AST; FRONTlV Wandering People Rapidly Being Helped Homeward The Literary Guidepost By W. G. ROGERS (Continued from page 1) Vidkun Quisling, held under arrst at 'Oslo' pending trial for treason, has been! given the job of cleaning toilets at the prison vhere he la confined. The Norwegians are setting a good example of how to treat traitors and war crimi nals. Some one should pass Hermarl Goering a brush and a water bucket J ' diaphragm fall and almost vis ibly settles back in Indifference, IDid you ever study the anat omy of i a radio joke? Often its incubation and its skeleton ! are so plain you can see thf joke coming j even before the! come dian utters it or the audience perceives it. There are, In suc cession,! the build-up !(whose tailoring is sometimes painfully obvious), the clinch and the breakaway, with ' a patis. for audience perception. Sometimes the pause 'is prolonged, because either the audience or the joke Is dull. 1 Sometimes the recovery is fast! as the audience I "fields the ball" quickly. And! some-. times It's a plain dud. . ; L You pan classify radio Jokes, by the way-the audience! reacts. ' Some are firecracker gags, which often are spontaneous aid gen uine (Phil Baker and Bab Hope and Fred Allen are good at that); and the; audience is kept popping in continuous If not noisy mirth. : Then there are "fuse' jokes,! the kind where the mirth fizzes like a -fuse and finally; ends in a sputter with" no special effect Also there are delayed; . action jokes, time bombs you might ; call them, not because they were ' built that wvy but because of the difference in time of seeing the point of the joke by various members of th audience. You can feel the laughter roll along and grow in volume as the point tS GERMAlhr-C-With the war over, the long trek; home or to places where homes used to be is' being shortened for Europe's wandering peoples who became political prisoners, slave laborers, or simply part of a frightened horde fleeing before the storm of conflict j The energies of American arm ies have been turned toward getting these displaced per sons back where they came from and results have come swiftly. ! . 'The Ninth army alone has repatriated 120, 000 French, Dutch, Belgian and Luxe m- Kenneth Dixon bourger nationals from east of the Rhine in recent days. During the last week the average daily lwish td be repatriated, Morgan ; not to mention political problems, has prevented the mass repat ; riation fpf eastern and southern i Europeans. :! - j "However,!' arrangements are now being made with the Rus sians to handle the transfer of ilhose displaced personnel who ; have t pass through territory the Soviet army now occupies, in order to; reach their homes," ; said Capt i Morgan. "There is no reason to believe they won't i be under, way in a few days." ! i 1 That 'will be another sizeable Job. In Addition to 154,000 west-. . era Europeans uncovered in this : sector, jthe Ninth army- military government officials have tallied 280,000 j Russians, 115,000 Poles : and great numbers of southern : Europeans of varied nationalities. Although it may seem strange ; at first! not all of the western i Ikiropeahs displaced by war of the gag listeners. Here registers with the this Interpreting The War News By KIRKE(L. SIMPSON f Associated Press War Analyst; Grim notice that his name is on the first priority list of Nazi war criminals has been served on Her mann Goering, Hitler's onetime successor -designate. It was placed there last November b the United , Nations war crimes commission in London.' ' j ' And withHitler presumably beyond teach of hu-. man vengeance and Himmler missing the plump and strutting air marshal feems destined to the place he once coveted, He looms as th No. 1 Nazi under the criminal accusation brought "against him by the commission. ,: , f Realization of Goering's unique place; on the' long roll of Nazi war criminals yet to be completed prob ably inspired in part General Eisenhower's repudia ; tion of any tendency: to treat Goering' as an 'ordi nary war prisoner of high rank. It certainly stirred the crimes commission to formal announcement , that his name had stood for months on "the! first listyf those Nazi charged with war crimes. ' - In the absence of the specific indictments, how ever, it is impossible to say how Goering will be tried. :.' : ,; v P 'vji,:;-'-;""";'-.-''. .''' v ;f i " The war crimes commission had its s birth under the Joint "statement on atrocities issued at Mos cow in November, 1943, and signed by President Roosevelt Prime Minister Churchill and Marshal - Stalin. -: -. i - " - .? It provides that "those German officrs and men and members of the Nazi party who have been re sponsible for or have taken a consentin: part m the above atrocities f.fwiU be sent backs to the coun tries in which their abominable deeds were done in order that they may be judged and punished accord ing to the Taws of these' liberated countries i and of the free governments:' which wiU be erected there- in- ... V:.:,-' ; : f - .i-: At the moment that .United Nations purpose wu . promulgated Goering: was the No. 2 NazL At that moment, too, Nazi crime in Poland and Russia" were still being uncovered and were especially stressed In the Moscow statement of atrocitieSi- It was made public in order that Nazi war criminals . "will know they will ;b brought back to the scene of their crimes and judged on the spot by the peo ple whom they have outraged." j Goering's "consenting j?art' in atrocity charges can hardly be questioned, There seems everyj probability of at Russian de mand that he be committed to Russian custody for trial on Russian soiL under Russian law and by Rus sian Judges, ' y 'S" " ' - . Is a good example of type, from the Jack Benny pro gram of Sunday night: : - I j Benny: "I see they have ended the midnight curfew.". , j . ! Mary L.: "Yes, and they have lifted the ban again at horse . racing." ; ' - i Benny: "That's fins; now Crosby can r a c e his horses again." ." !' ' i' 1 Mary L.: "Yes, and they won't' have to get in by midnight" ' It took several seconds ! for Mary's ; cute line finally to reg ister among the j. duller-witted. The radio listener noted the re sponse ! of the audience1 was in . the form of a rolling crescendo, A little laughter now and then turnover has reached 10,000. "That means that by early next week the entire army area should be largely cleared of j western Europeans who desire to be re patriated," said Capt George Morgan, of Durham, N. C., for mer Duke university professor who now serves as a military government officer. For, the first time since X re turned to this sector a month ago, roads no longer are clogged with . footsore' wanderers. By. trucks and railroads they are be ing shipped out as swiftly as pos sible. Those still waiting to; go are being fed: and clothed more adequately and housed whenever possible in various army ' "DP camps'. Once they avoided these camps .because, . unable;: then to help transport them homeward, the army only .impeded their pro gress with red tape. " Now word has spread like a gypsy rumor and the wanderers eagerly seek out such camps in order to take advantage of their quicker transportation, i The majority of those repat riated have been western Euro peans since the military situation is relished by the best of men - and women. ' j, And the! study of radio programs and what makes ; them elkk , (or fail toi click) is interesting and sometimes funny, ' Try listening to the radio au : dience next time you tune in on radio comedyt 7 i v said. This 1 due to several fac tors, but the most likely reason is fear of the attitude the folks back home may take. Those who want to go and whose homes or communities are within I reach of American army transportation facilities are get ting, ori their way swiftly. There's something pretty won derful fabout watching their de light atj this- long: awaited op portunity to ride after walking so many hundreds of mile. Their eyes practically worship Ameri can trucks as they pile their mea ger belongings aboard and clam ber up breathlessly for the last ride home: It ' . : It wap the same with the bat tered qid "forty-and eight" rail road . cars. The people tacked green tranches and fresh flowers on c&rs- before the trains pulled put If they had any remnants of their national flags, those too were pinned up. r . . - - And las trainload after train load of wanderers pulled . out above tjhe sounds of puffing en-r gines and clanking cars came the music of accordions- and guitars ' and the strains of patriotic songs. ' Interspersed with such stirring anthems would come occasionally the "Beer Barrel Polkanz" or "Ive Been Working on the Rail road" -the best they could do in a gay musical way to thank the Americans for the long lift home. , - - FIGHT1NO LTBEKAL: THE ATJTO BIOGBAPBY or GEORGE W. ' MORRIS," (MicmllUt; S3).: I have thought . conscience was the guide," Norrii says of a vote he cast in disregard of the ' stand of his party and the opin ions of bis constituents. He con tinues: : ! - ' : ' i : "Otherwise, a member of Con gress giving weight to expressed public sentiment becomes only an automatic machine. If that is the line of duty' of a member, then Congress requires no patri otism, no education, and no - courage." ' ':". ' 1 1- This is the key to his distin guished career, which included 40 years in Washington, or five terms in the house and five In , the senate. He made many enemies.- But he made ' very- many more friends; his defeat and re tirement in 1943; and his death the following, year, brought nationwide acknowledgment - of the depth and honesty, of his mind and the benefits bestowed oa the country by bis independ : ent course. - . ' " j ; : He ended : the domination of - Speaker Cannon, led in the fight for the anti-injunction act" the TVA and the RZA, and fathered the 20th "Lame Duck amend ment He also opposed U.S. en try. in World. War I and, after Versailles, the League-of Nation, though not teamed ' up .' with lodge. He , backed America's - present wartime role, however. In early life, following, the ex ample of his mother, he was a party regular. But as. he learned, he says, that the evil of machine politics was as great among re publicans as democrats, and as he realized that in his adopted state of Nebraska he was 1 sup ported by voters of both parties, he began to kick over the trace. -He went along with T. R. and the Bull Moose; campaigned for a democrat" against Vare of Pennsylvania in 1828; bolted the . , GOP to work for- "AT Smith against Hoover, who would 'fol low Coolidge in vetoing TVA; and in 1938 ran as an independ- eni.: r. '; '-: 'j-o-: i : The book makes stirring read ing. It is an essential document , in American history. The "fight 'mg uoerar was persuaded to write it by J. JE. Lawrence; who helped arrange and edit the ma terial -and who, as editor of the . Lincoln (Neb.) Star, backed Nor- ris, politically. . . GRIN AND BEAR IT The Safety - Valve By Lichty USTTEES FROM STATESMAN HEADERS Salem Scouts Get High Rating; Valley Troops, Patrols Also Share Council's Top Honors Cobra patrol of troop J, Salem, won the highest patrol rating at the Boy Scout circus and camporee in Salem last week end, with a to tal of 3270 points, a recapitulation of the competition disclosed Tues- Eagle patrol of troop , Salem, was runnerup with 3080, and hon orable mention went to CXO patrol of troop 6, Salem, Owl patrol of troop 11 Salem, Flying Eagle ! pa trol of troop 20 Salem, Flying gle patrol of troop 52 Silverton, and Crow patrol of troop 14 deaf schooL " . ' ' ' - -J Top troop was troop Salem, with troop 14 of the deaf school a das second. Honorable mention troops included, troops 11 Salem, 42 Keizer, 52 Silverton. . j Troop 31 of Sweet Home was voted to have made the greatest contribution to the circus, and troop 25 of Jefferson the- greatest contribution to both the circus and camporee. .. -; v Ratings of troops and patrols were based on camping, cooking, citizenship, neatness, resourceful ness and general all-around scouting.- -' - Patrol ratings by letters, as given- out by the area scout office Tuesday, included: . I s -A" plus CobraT troop 3, j Sa lem; all patrols, 9, Salem. j ; "A" Flying Eagle, 52, Silver ton; Peewit 53, Woodburn; Crow, 14, deaf school; all patrols,) 42, Keizer; Flying Eagle, 20, Salem; Owl 11, Salem; CXO, 6, Salem. "A" minus Pine Tree, 52, ! Sil verton; Flaming Arrow, 52, j Sil verton; Wolf, 54, Gervais; all oth er patrols, 14, deaf school; all pa trols, 68, Pratum; Wolf and Pirate patrols, 1, Salem; all other patrols,. 11, Salem; Flying Eagle, 3, Salem;i Rattlesnake, 4, Salem. . B plus Flaming Arrow, 22, Albany; Comanche, j 28, Albany; all patrols, 25, Jefferson; Panther, 56, Mt Angel; Flaming Arrow,; 56, Mt Angel; Stag, 54, Gervais; Fox, 59, Brooks; all patrols except Ea gle, 24i Dallas; all j patrols, (31, Sweet Home; Panther, 20, Salem; Black Bear, 1, Salem; Wolf, 3, Sa lem; Lion, 8, Salem; all patrols, 16, Salem.' .1 "B" Beaver, 22, Albany; Tiger, 28, Albany; Cobra, 52, . Silverton; all patrols, 53, Woodburn; all pa trols, 44, Grande Ronde; all pa trols, 50, Stayton; Eagle, 24, Dal- las; all patrols, 41, Keizer; all pa- i trols, 8, Salem; Beaver, 4 Salem. "B" minus Tiger 22, 1 Albany: Pine Tree, 28, Albany; Beaveij, 3, Salem; all other patrols, 4, Salem. "C" plus Owl 55, SUyton. fC" Flaming Arrow, .30, Leb anon;! all patrols, 46, Turner;! all patrols, 51, Lebanon; Stayton Ex plorers, 53; Covered Wagon, 53, Woodburn. I 1 "C" minus Eagle;; 12, Salem, ; "D" all patrols, IT, Salem; Pan ther, 4, Salem J j "F" all patrols, 10, Salem Women Adopt TfDivision Prosram ... A; seven-point home extension program will be presented to 22 full time units in Marion county the coming 12 months. This was the decision reached at the county planning meeting held Monday at the Salem YWCA. ' ; . The seven point program will include the following divisions: 1, Tile It Now," a home book keeping project; 2, housework J the healthful way; J, conserve with the scrap bag; 4, improving sew ing technique; 5, home recreation; 6, buffet meals and hospitality; 7, sugar saving desserts. J ' New communities in which th program . wiU be presented nexl year are Lansing avenue. Turner and " Aumsville. Full time pro- grams will be presented in West Woodburn, North Howell, and Aurora where only part time pro grams were given in the last year. Another 16 communities inwhich the full time program of the past year will be continued are Edisa lane, Pratum-Macleay, East Salem. Silverton, Silverton Hills, Liberty, Union Hill, Hubbard, Marion, Salem Heights, Central Howell, Stayton. : Roberts, Sidney - Talbot and Gates. '7-'. ' ' - Mrs! Glenn Briedwell of Silver ton and Mrs. Rex Hartley of Sid-ney-Talbot Were new members ol the county board, named. They succeed- Mrs. James Keyes ( and Mrs. W. R. Woodburn. Mrs. Harry Martin was reelected for a one year term. Fifty women attended the meeting. District meetings will be held 'to accommodate all sections of the county. Distribution of Laws May Run Into Delay j Distribution of the session Jawi of the 1945 legislature may be de layed until July 1 because of the threatened suit of F. H. Young, manager of Oregon Business j and Tax Research, Incn to set aside house bill -403, permitting tax levying bodies to create a cash working account" up to 10 per 'cent of the estimated expenditure of the tax levying body. , I Secretary of State Robert S. Far rell, jr., said it was ' intended to start distribution of the . session laws on June 16 but this will not be possible ' in event the . suit is filed. . :. , " , - ' : ' . - MA j- "I really don't have time te play with the children, bnt I do scream and threaten them,; and that seems like a game te them!" - REVISING HOUSE JOURNAL -To. the j Editor: The ! Oregon Journal . - (Port - land) May 12, has the following story from its Salem bureau and . : we think its reproduction in your valuable newspaper will be of nterest to the taxpayerr of the Munty: ' Revision of - the- house and ' senate , lournals of the recent leg- islative session cost the taxpay- ers a otal of $4920, . according . to feet rds in the ' secretary . of state's office. Of - this amount - 12004 went to desk clerks of the h senate for their services and - $2920 to house "clerks. The high er cost: of the house 'committee is.accojmled for in part by "the presence of two . repierrtatives, H. R. Jones and John Steelham mer, both of Marion county, each of whom drew $320 for their -.. Services at the rate of S3 a -day for the! 40 days allowed for this ' poet-session task .. ,-: :T Inquiry at the state 'office r& veals that no two senators' were appointed to supervise the. cor rection! of the . senate : journals; - Hence $640 went.to increase cost of house journal. "Was the. house Jounwdj in such a mess thatit required services rso-called -of - two local assemblymen to straighten it out? Why this ex tra load on the taxpayers? Why . this sinecure? What did these - - two lawmakers do who were elected- In the first place to pror tect taxpayers and eliminate use less waste of money? j Yours truly, i HENRY "HALL KANSAS CITY, May 14-C)-Ernest Young probably found few sympathizers among the schoolboy set when he complain ed - that -thieves had raided his "place of business." ' - Young is the city's dog pound keeper. . Thirty-seven of the ca nines, have disappeared the. past Week. .,- v; -; - ? Restrictions on Trade With . Belgium Removed WASHINGTON, May 15.J() The treasury ,ha$ removed: all its restrictions on , private trade with Belgium, as it did with France a month ago. , j ; Belgian assets in this country are still frozen, but the treasury announced that dollar balances acquired by Belgian bankingj in stitutions since Feb. 2,-1945, may be freely used to make payments in this country on behalf of Bel gian nationals. - j. " Time t at t Si:7C23 TO" For Hira . Tie Clasps t-J-'-f S-iWatch, Chair-: 4. Money Clips . Bnxten .v -; Billfolds 6. Birthstone -; Rinxs . 7. Watches Diamond Rings Best Bar A ' , War : Bond Sf-Jtr v. Li j - rN 339 Co art For Her 1. ' Bracelets 2. Lockets, Crosses - 3. Compacts 4. Dresser Sets! 5. Earrings, Pins 6. Birthstene i Ktng ' 1. Watches U f i - Diamond Rings Hr-.v -w'SW '"w.