PAGE FOUV
Tb OnZQOI! STATE21ML Ccien. Orrotu Sunday ISexsSa Ajs3 t 1SU
MUMM MSI
"iVo Favor Stcays Us; No Fear Shall Auf j
From First Statesman, March 23, 1881
it.
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
CHARLES A. SPRAGUE, Editor and Publisher !
Member of the Associated Press ' b.
The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all
news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper.
Bonneville Objectives Well or Good . ..
, Dr. Paul J. Raver, administrator of the Bon- The recent embrogtfo precipitated by the Ore-
neville project which has charge of distribution over the proper use of the verb form
of electric energy from Bonneville and Grand "shall'? and "will" having subsided, apparently
Coulee power plants, in a recent address in San with aU parties convinced of the correctnesf of
Antnnio. Texas, discussed the contribution their own oDinions on crininiarit seems time-
which these federal projects have made in fur- jy to tilt another lance with the Oregonian In
nishing power to war industries and utilities of the matter of word-usage. ' A few days ago an
th- northwest. He also discussed the objectives
which the Bonneville administration has and
The Statesman reprints herewith that portion
of his address. Of particular importance is the
fact that revenues from sale of power produced
at Grand Coulee will help carry the cost of the
irrigation project for the Columbia basin, the
whole giving an inter-related push to northwest
development. " t
The following is an extract from Dr. Raver s
address:
To enable us to carry out the policies laid
i down by Congress in the Bonneville act to the
! fullest possible degree, we have set for our
1 selves certain objectives. Although the demands
; of war have to some extent limited us in carry
ing out these objectives, we still hold them be
fore us as a guide in the interest of securing
the greatest possible'benefit from the resources
of the region for the greatest number, of people.
Our first objective is to make power a tool
for the development of wealth. In other words,
to make the chief and abundant electric power
of the region the means of opening new oppor
tunities for investment, enterprise; and em
ployment for agriculture, for new industries,
for small business, and for the individual.
Secondly, we believe that increasingly large
quantities of. power at constantly decreasing
. rates should be provided in order to create new
opportunities for free enterprise. In industry
i and agriculture, the key to the whole power
question is price and whether this tool hydro
electric power is to be used for turning the
wheels in a mill or pumping irrigation water
for operating a farm freezing unit, cost to the
consumer will determine finally the extent of
Its use.
A third objective is to make low-cost hydro
electric power provide new sources for tax rev
enues. New farms and new industries mean
'b taxpaying population. New industries attract
ed to the region as a result of the availability
of cheap power are providing a broader tax
base and increased wealth for the entire North
west. Fourth, we believe that the hydroelectric re
sources of the Northwest should be the means
of. providing asset-building jobs for returning
s servicemen and war workers who will have to
look elsewhere for employment with the return
of peace.
A final objective is to return to the people
of the United States their investment in the
Federal power facilities of the Northwest. That
this can be done at the lowest wholesale rate
for power in America $17.50 per kilowatt-year
4ias been demonstrated. By the end of the
calendar year 1944, our net revenues, after pay
ment of all power costs, operation and main
tenance expenses, and depreciation and inter-
' est on the Federal investment in the Bonneville-,
Grand Coulee transmission system and power
facilities at the two Columbia River plants,
amounted to more than $12,000,00. All we have
to do is keep the generators in use.
I might add at this point that final deter
mination of the cost allocation for the construc
tion and operation of Coulee Dam has been
made, and revenues from the sale of power will
meet $633,960,585 of the total reimbursable cost
: of $781,304,085. This includes all construction
costs, interest on the portion allocated to pow
er, replacement costs over the repayment pe
riod, and operation and maintenance expenses.
In pther words, revenues from the sale of
power developed at Grand Coulee Dam will
repay to the Federal Treasury not only all in
vestment in the power facilities at the dam,
plus interest on the power investment, but also
a very substantial part of the investment in
the irrigation facilities.
As a result xt the careful allocation and re
payment studies which we have completed in
cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation,
it has been determined that at present rates
revenues from Bonneville-Grand Coulee power
will be more than sufficient to meet all finan- -
cial requirements and assure repayment to the
Federal Government nf th full invuimort u
w - -- lUIVdHUdll 111
the Grand Coulee project. Not only does pow
er pay a major part of the cost of irrigation but
the low rates attract new industries to sunnort
an increased population, which, in turn, pro-,
vides new markets for the products of the new
' ly irrigated land. Thus, power and irrigation
. are not opposing developments but rather com
plementary. -
Uncle Sam believes in doing his holiday shop
ping early. Orders are now in effect setting
aside all turkeys marketed in the west for mili
tary use for Thanksgiving and Christmas din
ners. The government will take about 120 mil
lion pounds out of a total production of 515 mil
lion pounds. That would figure out about 10 or
12 pounds of turkey per man in the armed ser-
in.c. . iiuit vu&uk w ue ciiuugu vu iiu up even
marine on a holiday.
-- '--
An adhesive cement is being made which it is
claimed may take the place of needle and
thread in clothing manufacture. People will
need to be convinced, however. They can im
agine the embarrassment in being at a party
wearing clothes that have been glued together
and then having the adhesive give way.
Arthur Greiser, former president of the Dan
rig senate, where he did Hitler's bidding, to
be rewarded with the post of nazi overlord for
Poznan in western Poland, is now a captive
of the Russians. It's easy . to say of him "he's
In , good hands." : , . k
Admiral Suzuki, called by Hirohito to form
a new government for Japan, is suspected of
being tapped to tender en olive branch to the
USA. We are not looking for olive branches.
What wc will take Is the sword extended hilt
first. 1 -
Several ex-premiers of Japan are included
in the new Suzuki cabinet.' He sort of searched
the second-hand shops for material. But who
ever heard of an alumni team defeating the
varsity? .
Oregonian editorial tendered its "well wishes"
to a man. The question irises over this use of
"well" as an adjective, iyould not the proper
word have been "good"? Or the paper might
have "wished him well" (adverb). -
Webster's dictionary notes the use of "well"
as an adjective in the sense of "good" as archaic,
though it lists the compound "well-wish" as a
noun. " - ;
A minor point in grarnmar to be sure; but
with the war going well on all fronts editors
are driven to combing thej minor items for their
own material.
Commissioners Reappointed
Governor Snell and Treasurer Scott acted
wisely to reappoint Earl Fisher and Charles V.
Galloway as tax commissioners. We have an
idea that Secretary Farrell's objection is made
largely "for the record that he may appear
consistent in his fight against the commission.
Truth to tell, the opposition against the com
mission, largely directed;;! against Fisher and
Galloway, has largely died out. It had no prop
er foundation in fact. For the state to have lost
the services of these abl public servants at a
time like the present woiild have been shabby
tratment of them and cosily to the state.
It is now to be hoped that this lone negative,
like the shot which the foe was "sullenly fir
ing" is the last echo of a lost cause, that was in
large measure the attempt of disgruntled tax
payers to vent their opposition to paying their
fair share of taxes by trying to ovist the com
missioners. Is
7MARSW.SrAUH,l HOWlSar i
"flU Daft THINK m I fiSSj S3,
I f v '-
! ; j i
- j f i .
i " If- .-:
Former Prisoner
Of Nazis Amazed
Over Allied Arms
W uniflMtt with Th WMhiactoB 8tr
Eliminating the Negative
Pacific Shipping
Total dry cargo shipped from, Pacific ports
to American fighting forjpes in the Pacific and
to the United Nations was 15,236,309 tons in
1944, which constituted 21 hi per cent of the to
tal from all American ports.
The distribution of this export business
among the ports was as follows:
Area: l Tonnage
Columbia River 1,856,997
Southern California 1 : : 2,481,620
Puget Sound .1..- 2,976,467
San Francisco Bay area. - 7,921,225
The statistics show that the northwest gets
the short end of war-time shipping.
The! Literary
Guidcpost I
By W. G. Rogers g
"A WINTER IN GENEVA," by Aaat
Goodwill Window (Knopf; S2J0).
i
American and European moral
codes cross and clash dramatic
ally in i the extraordinary title
story of this volume of ejght
short stories.
A Kentucky woman, her cfuld
with her while her husband is
in the Near East, winters in
Geneva.? Possessed by the Ame
rican idea, romantic and virtu
ous, of love, she interferes in the
very real, practical affair of a
young Frenchman with an Ital
ian widow. Virtue proves to be
anything but its own reward.
Among the other stories, One
Above and For Ulisse in particu
lar show almost equally well the
special, in some ways unique
merits of this born writer. Sler
leisurely, rounded style, herj in
sight into character, her sensi
tive treatment of material f re
mind you of James or of "Pass
age to India."
News Behind the News
By PAUL MAlioN l j
(Distribution by King Features Syndicate! Inc. Reproduction In whole
or in part atrictly prohibited.) -
' v ey
from news
PI NIGHT,'
(Dun, suu a
fcy John O'Bara
Furco; S2J0).
There is a hint in the news to the effect that
the mine operators and mine unions will agree
on a new contract by Monday. Keep your fing
ers crossed though; but what a relief it will be
to effect a peaceful settlement of this annual
knock-down and dragoutin the field of indus
trial relations. Other industries get along with
out such an ordeal. Whyfcan't coal-mining?;
The Third army has captured the German
gold reserve, several billions in German reichs
marks, arid hundreds of millions in foreign cur
rency. The soldiers foujid the pile in a salt
mine. Hitler thought he'had "salted it down."
Interpreting
The War (News
By ELTON C. FAY
The inability of either Axis member to cobe with,
much less recover from, the deadly blows being
struck by the Allies is apparent in the news of the
past week.
German attempts to reestablish a cohesive west
ern front have failed. The'Nazi fight now is com
posed of a series of organized groups of divisional
or army strengthioperating Without any strategical
relationship to each other. iThey have taken up po
sitions at transportation network centers to impede
but not stop the prongs of American and British for
ces probing across the reich toward the Bussians
on the east. .
Each day's battle is fought, with fewer men. The
wehrmacht's. losses are enormous 141,758 lost in
prisoners alone in the first five days of this month.
This, of course, does not include the additional
losses in killed and wounded.
The Germans, however, continue to fight fiercely.
Within their means, they are launching local coun-
Thesej are masterly short sto
ries. They are' about people with
whom something goes wrong,
people vho" are good machines
though I sand gets Into them.
They mean well but it doesn't
come off; or on the contrary
they don't mean well 'and it does
come off. f
' O'Hara can make you despise
his characters, though you rare
ly hate them; and while he; has
a reputation for being tough,
there are some of his men and
women whom you respect or
with whom you sympathize,
though jthey rarely draw your
tears. f
O'Hara writes in i a sorfj of
middle "ground, never climbing
up to ecstasy on one side or tra
gedy onj the other. He's sort of
between two stools. In jthat
chosen area he is beyond doubt
our mst brilliant writer. I
know no one so deft at wringing
out of frustration, infidelity land
disappointment the last drop-tf
6
drama.
I
Of the 31 stories in this book,
20 first appeared in the New
Yorker, j four in Collier's. J
KANSAS CITY -UP)- There
will be some new and young
erfaces around the city desk.
T. Leslie Johnson today bought
for $1 the old city desk off the
defunct Kansas City Journal at
an auction.
- It will be used as a game; ta
ble in Viking Village, a teen
age club in northeast Kansas
City. : l .. .' t '
WASHINGTON, April 7 "We
cannot have prosperity in the
United States if the rest of the
world is sunk in depression and
poverty," said
State Secretary
Stettinius to the
Chicago council
on Foreign re
lations. He ad
vocated among
other things an
American trus
teeship for Pa
cific islands.
The very same
nisjhtjnd at al
most the same hour in New York,
the Carnegie Peace Endowment
dinner heard Admiral King and
other influential speakers say
(quoting precisely
accounts):
"World security depends upon
American security and world
prosperity depends upon Amer
ican prosperity."
He advocated that we keep
bases in the Pacific, in line with
making our own security first.
This direct conflict of view
point was advertised as a cleav
age in the "cabinet" between the
navy-war departments and fctate,
but behind it was the new move
.ment running through the whole
government for a change of
front.
Altruism is facing a gradually
opening opposition. The theory
that if we first save others we
may save ourselves is hitting up
against the doctrine that if we
first save ourselves we can keep
others safe.
This new theory (particularly
on the point of bases) first de
veloped in the services .many
months ago. The men who went
into those islands in the Pacific
have seen' British, French, Aus
tralian and French administra
tors move in to take civilian con
trol as soon as the firing ceased,
or in some cases the civilian ad
ministrators actually went in
with the troops and exercised ci
vilian control.
Airports our men conquered,
and so vital to the future secur
ity of the world, became the civil
property of those nations which
owned them before the war.
A check of the islands in the
far Pacific - under army control
shows none outside the Philip
pines definitely established ' as
postwar bases for us. : We still
have use of them for military
opertions, but the property of
our Allies remains theirs. They
have given us nothing. -,
New Guinea has officially been
placed under Australian and
Dutch administrators. Bougain
ville has been taken over by the
fch."f
4atiaTT arlr Tn er mi Aral 4Ka mrif a A t.
lied forces showed some flight signs of slowing THE YOUNG ! IDEA" Rv Mossier
down as the week wore orii f Part of this, probably .1 , J fUB8IW
the major part, may have been due to the length,
ening supply lines of the Allies. To a lesser degree,
localized resistance by the enemy was accountable.
The Japanese had the blackest week since they
started out to conquer the orient The imperial
fleet, cornered in Japan's pnlaad sea, sent out ita
biggest and fastest ships, (ipparently to scurry for
new cover to the northward. An American carrier
task force closed in. When the battle was over aa
American naval spokesman estimated that 25 per
cent of the remaining major naval combat force, of
Japan had been sunk or put out of action.
This naval battle rounded out a week which
started with the American landing on Okinawa,
only 325 miles south of the Japanese homeland.
Hard on the heels of this came another bit of bad
news from Moscow the Soviet government's de
nunciation of Russia's neutrality pact with Japan.
There followed the naming; of the co-leadecs for the
final phase of war. General llacArthur and Ad
miral Nimitz. jc.
The progressive disintegration of the German
front kept alive speculation over the Imminence at
Nasi defeat. And the swift developments about and
within Japan gave rise to speculation about possi
bilities In Nippon.
These were heightened at the weekend. when
Tokyo announced formation of a new cabinet, head
ed by the aged Baron Suzuki who has the repute-
tion of being i moderate. He kept for himself key
- non-military cabinet portfolios.
Relating the cabinet assignments to Japan's trou
, bles in foreign relations and military fields, there
were many who saw sign f a bid for negotiated
. peace. But there were none who looked for an
ena m ine mcinc war short of unconditional sur . "She's ne spring ehkkea. If she remesaeers back U the Pearl
nDder' j i. IZarber eptseder
Australians (who incidentally j
murmured in the press against
doing it on the ground that the ;
Japs: held it so long they had
created civilian difficulties.)
I In ! the navy area of the cen-'
fral Pacific, the British admin- j
istration is supposed to have ;
gone! back in most places but the !
na vj refuses strangely enough to j
give kut the facts of the situation, :
saying:
"We cannot speak for the Brit-;
Whatever that means.)
$ The service people who have
fought through these campaigns1
know these situations, although
they are not generally known ori
observed by our public. From ;
Such; beginnings, I think, has i
sprung the position which Ad-!
miral King is now' openly press-;
tog-1
? If a vote were taken upon;
Stettinius or King in the senate;
today, King would win overf !
whelmingly,. at least upon the
single issue of whether we should
own! those bases which are essen
tial Jto our postwar cause of a
peaceful world. A superficial
camrass shows little sympathy;
fpr mandates or "trusteeships,"
lhiejh might prove insecure or,
embarrassing.
Even Foreign Relations Chair
man Connally, an administration
manj thinks we should have New
Caledonia which was French.:
However, he has not gone so far:
yet Ss to permit hearings for the
McKellar resolution which would
take! practically all the islands:
we are conquering including the
Japs,
I Aferage senate opinion strikes
firmly to the line that we should ;j
have as many bases as we need
for pur own security and thus!
for World security. Also as allf
thes nations all eur friends:
ewe) us more money than they;
Can J-epay in cash xr goods, it ap- j
pears a bargain for bases might1
not fje out of line.
j Thus a more enlightened and;
practical future-visioning theory;
of world peace is fast gaining;
grouhd.
Practical
Religion
J bjr Kv. John L Kntght. JT
! Ounsrlor on - Religion Ufe.
WM'mWt tnlvr!Mf ' y:
I Mnimum load 8,000 lbs. ' !
I Maximum load! 20,000 lbs. j
I All of us read and understand -such
signs as this indicating, the
amount of weight a certain ma-'
.chine or vehicle should handle.'
The I words "mlniinu m," (the
least), and "max i m u m," (the
most), have become-a part of ev-j
eryday usage.
I Wjs ; need to revive another i
word and place it with these two ;
4 - bptimum," (the best). The!
real; test of efficiency and the
real jtest of life itself Is not whe-:
ther;we do the most or the least,:
but whether we do the best !
r tt
en nouse
On Tuesday at
High School
Aa4 open house for parents of
students and : fall-potential stu
dents; of Salem high school wfU
be held from TiO U 130 p. m.
Tuesday, April 10, at the high
schooi building,' Principal Harry
B. JohJMon announced Saturday.
J ADj departments wiH.be open
for ItispectioeLead teachers will be
on hand. The open house, .which
will avt no specific program. Is
designed te give a basis for the
registration of courses in the falL
;The hospitality committee of the
newly-formed high school Parent
Teachers' association will be pres
en j and" new' applications for
membership will be accepted. Re
freshments will be served in the
school cafeteria.
i (Editors: Godfrey H. T. Ander
son. AP- war correspondent, was ,
rlued tast wk by AlllJ for
ces from more than three years ot
Axis Imprisonment. In this story
h describes his Impressions ot
the tremendous Improvement in
the quality and quantity of Anted
weapons.) ; .:
By Godfrey IL P. Anderson
(Subbing for Kenneth I Dixon)
LONDON - Returning to
active work as a war correspona-
trees whenever they dare move
at alL -j .
" There seem nearly jas many
jeeps and peeps as men; with the
American armies t today. The
first jeep had Just appeared In
the desert when I was taken pris
oner, and It was a source of won-
liMiail wloiwMi It intvarml I
iii " m mw g r t
Rations,. too, show a vast, im
provement to the man who has
North Africa, Italy and Germany
these are some of the things
which most Impressed me about
warfare in 1945: j
First is the total mechanization
and improved equipment of all
Allied forces plus the enormous
ly increased fire power of com
bat units.
When Field Marshal Erwin
Rommel bagged me at. Sidi Re
segh near Tobruk on Nov. 23,
1941, the tommygun still was a
weapon which drew a crowd of
admiring and envious riflemen
though the Germans already had
plenty. Now nearly every offi
cer and enlisted man seems to
have one. i
-
Tanks, about which there has
been so much controversy, seem
to me to show unbelievable im
provement in size and efficiency.
One pf the things which most
astonished me was the absence
of dispersal measures among the
vast concentrations of Allied
transport one of the results of
the new air superiority. ;
J One German said that Nazi ve
hicles all are old and badly worn
and have to be carefully con
cealed in woods and thickly cam
ouflaged with the branches of
SjQQjOS
rnrnrm
ent after years as a prisoner in . come back. We used! to carry
oread ana pgiawa ut uui
sack and eat them with canned
bully and consider-we jhad done
well wnea mey aianitxasie too
badly of sand and gasoline. ' ,
My first K-ration, neatly wrap
ped In cellophane with a com
plete meal down to chocolate,
chewing gum and cigarettes,
seemed like a soldier's dream
come true . .- i j ;
Other sights which made me
rub my eyes like Rip Van Win
kle were the apparently smooth
' efficiency with which masses of
supply transport were; handled,
v the smartness and helpfulness of
the ubiquitous American mill
: tary police, the excellent sign
posting of roads (in the desert
we often had to search all day1
for a unit and then failed to find
: it), the cheerfulness and good
driving of negro chauffeurs, the
sinister 'look of the new Ameri-
. -can steel helmets . and ithe prac
ticability of American; combat
suits, the unruffled cruising over
head of scores of Cubs and other
army' cooperation planes undis
turbed by the enemy, j
111 never forget an American
colonel who roared with laughter
when I asked "What's SHAEF?"
-;'(
American advertising methods
were another novelty for me.
The notion of affixing a sign to a
bridge saying which engineering
company built it is in marked
contrast with the early days of
the war when troops were not al
lowed , even to wear Identifica
tion tags. !
The greatest sense of relie'f I
have had since leaving the Ger
man side is the complete absence
of air bombing and gestapo spy
ing. The joy is almost indescrib
able when one can first hear the
drone of aircraft without having
to dive into a ditch to dodge the
bombs and machinegun fire.
The fear of the gestapo, too, is
something only those who have
lived in Nazi Germany in the
last year of defeats can under
stand. Every German, whether
in the whermacht or a civilian,
runs the gravest risk if he even
dares breathe the thought that
maybe Germany, after all, is los
ing the war. That's whir so many
Germans unburdened their
hearts to prisoners. j
Judging Basis
For Campbree
Is Lxplaincjd
The basis of judging Boy' Scouts
in camporee competition to be held
at the same time the Cascade area
circus at the Oregon state fair
grounds May 11, 12 and 13 has
been announced by Harrjr Michel
son, assistant scout executive for
the Cascade area. The three points
of judging the camporee which
will be open to inspection by the
public Friday evening and Satur
day morning of the circus Week
end are kitchen organization, .
camping standards and camp citi
zenship, i '
The kitchen inspection will in
clude how well the cooking facili
ties consisting of types of fire
places are constructed, menus
which are submitted arid actual '
sampling of the food by scout com
missioners to determine! its qual
ity.. Neatness' and cleanliness, sys
tem in I the patrol and methods of
food preservation will be consid
ered in the judging. ; i
The scouts will camp in patrols
which wHl be allotted specific
areas on which to constjruct their
camp sites. In the pamng stand-
(Continued from page 1)
held chiefly in the Veterans'
War Memorial at the civic cen
ter. Hotel ; accommodations are
being reserved for the dele
gates. Plans for provision: of
transportation are being r ' ar
ranged. Special attention is be
ing given to provision of com
munications. .
With the eyes 'of the world
on San Francisco all channels
are to be kept open for com
munication and for the flow of
information. There will be fthe
private wires of the governments
carrying messages to their home
governments and in some cases
to their Washington embassies.
The largest "task force" in his
tory of reporters for newspapers,
magazines and radio will des
cend on the golden gate to; tell
the world what happens ; there.
It is estimated that there will
be a gross output of 750,000
words per day from ; the news
correspondents stationed at San
Francisco. The domestic press
services, the foreign press ser
vices and the correspondents of
Individual papers will all
pouring their stuff onto
wires or the wireless with
be
the
de
mand for immediate transmis
sion to all parts. j '
This puts a big load on j the
communications companies, tele
graph and telephone companies,
cable companies and radio com
panies. Western Union fortu
nately has a new miHion dollar
relay plant in Oakland with a
capacity of 450,000 words an
hour. It is bringing in 150 tech
nicians and expects to handle the
most of the press copy. The Pa
cific Telephone and Telegraph
co. is putting in two new cables
containing 900 pairs of wires,
and installing . a switchboard
with 10 operator positions.! The
Radio Corporation of America
will have direct radio circuits
with 52 countries. Telephone
and telegraph operators will
have persons able to ' handle
calls in English, French, Russian,
Spanish, Chinese and Portu
guese. . j
The magnitude of the mechan
ics of the communications Is an
index of the importance - of j the
meeting. It represents a desper
ateeffort on the part of weary
humanity to find escape from
the grip of periodic wars. Sec
retary Stettinius correctly warns
us to have patience and not ex
pect too much all at once. If we
can only make a start, and keep
the door open for modifications
and improvements then the con
ference will justify Itself. Fail
ure would be a colossal calam
ity. J
arua category are included j con
struction of shelters, either tents
or scout approved leantos, their ef
fectiveness as shelters ahd Insoec.
tion of trails and paths construct
ed in the area. The scout will be
given additional merits for camp'
saagets sucn as xurniture which is
built and used and' for displaying
the patrol name. ' ,-' I
Under camp citizenship for the
1000. scouts taking part in the
camporee are spirit ef j accepting
work and responsibility, getting
along with others and living up to
scout oaths and laws. Special at
tention will be given conduct of
the campers between taps and re
veille. , . i
STEVEilS
Diamonds
' FOR MEN.
..... v ii ...
Smart Ctrle
to choose from at the ricjht
prices. "
See Onr Seleetiea ef
' MEN'S
WEDDING KINGS
-. Divided Payments
lit Court St J
";;.:.:r--':-;..:J..';