The Oregon statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1916-1980, March 23, 1945, Page 1, Image 1

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Neiistadt
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" .Heads are bobbing in animated
conversation in Ankara. There is
-igh talk over ... the coffeecups in
the cafes of the city. . Istanbul, old
Constantinople..' sleepy with Its,
centuries of Byzantine history.
pricks up-its ears and wonders, if
m new leaf is to be turned in itr
own long record book. v.
Cause of the fluttering is Rus
- sia's denouncing its 1925 treaty of
. friendship - and neutrality with
Turkey. This announcement means
that the treaty will be allowed to
terminate this November 7. With
out the ; denunciation renewal
would have -been automatic. .
- London . speculates i that Russia
may be , wanting a real alliance
with Tirrkey which would bring
.that country within the orbit of
Soviet influence, and would per.-
s jnit-unrestricted use of the Bos--porus
and Dardelleles (traits by
(the Russians. Under the present
treaty convention the straits are
closed for military use. As a re
suit Russia had to Import war
supplies through Murmansk on the
'.White sea, across Iran from the
Persian "gulf, -and through 'Vladi
vostok on the Pacific.1 - '
Evidently Russia wants to escape
the constriction at Istanbul. Roose
velt and Churchill were probably
fearful that Marshal Stalin would
bring up the Turkish question at
Yalta with demand for control of
. the straits to give his country an
outlet to the Mediterranean. It
was not brought up at Yalta, but
the present move of the Kremlin
may be an attempt to solve its
problem by direct approach to
Turkey. ' "
What will Turkey do? The old
cultan was long known as the
ick i !
- (Continued on editorial page)
Service Calls
May Drop 31
After July 1
WASHINGTON, March 22-A)
Draft calls may drop an average
of 31 per cent after July 1, the
White House disclosed today co
incident with a house military
committee vote to extend the draft
law without change. ' ; '
President Rooseveltsending up
a request to congress for an ap
propriation to finance selective
service another ' fiscal year, said
this contemplated an average draft
call of 93,000 a month.
This companies with a figure
of 135,000 which Maj. Gen. Steph
en Henry told the house commit
tee is the expected average from
now until June.
.-; The White House spoke of the
after-July need as being merely
one oi replacements, saia max
by then "mobilization of the larg
est armed force by far in the na
tion's history" will be complete.
Powerful TJ. S.
Carrier Tor ce
Still on Prowl
U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEAD
QUARTERS, Guam, Friday,
March 23-)-Vice Adm. Marc A.
Mitscheri potent carrier task
force presumably still was on the
prowl today, with the Tokyo radio
hinting it might scourge the Ryu
kyus or Formosa while withdraw
ing from the mauling given Japa
nese warships Monday; in Japan's
inland sea. j
- There has been no official word
on the whereabouts of the force, a
part of the Fifth fleet, since it
moved close to Japan to permit its
planes to search out enemy fleet
units at their bases in the inland
aea. - " N - : : j :
In the days that have elapsed
since that strike,' Admiral Mitscher
has had time to move, his ships
Into the Formosa area; about 900
miles from the scene of Monday's
crippling blows to imperial war
ships.: In so doing he would pass
the Ryukyus, .lying between For
mosa and Japan .
Bitter Row Flares in Commons
Names Britain9
, . By John. A. Parris, Jr. !
- LONDON, ' March ' 22 A
bitter political row flared up In
commons I today when v laborites
accused Prime Minister Churchill
of packing Britain's , seven-man,
two-woman , delegation to the
world security conference, at San
Francisco in order to maintain his
conservative ' party's supremacy
after the war. J - y.: --..a
:, Tempers snapped in the usually
staid house as Churchill announc
ed that Foreign Secretary Anth-
" ony Eden would lead these dele
gates to the conference beginning
April 25: ; - V' vj' -
- Clement Attjee, deputy prime
minister and lord president of the
council; Lord Cranborne, domin
Ions secretary; Lord Halifax, Brit
ish ambassador to Washington;
and five parliamentary secretar
les, George Tomlinson of the labor
Captured
By -Reds' .
Rues Within Mile
-'.Of Czech Land;
45,000 Nazis Fall
By Komney Wheeler 1
LONDON, Friday, Mar. IZJPf .
Russian troops,' launching a pow
erful offensive to clear industrial
upper Silesia, have captured, the
war production city of Neustadt,
driven within one mile of Czecho
slovakia and killed or captured
45,000 Nazi troops in a trap forged
by twin Red army advances of 25
miles, Moscow announced - last
night.
Cutting through seven major
enemy, strongholds arid more than
400 other towns and villages south
and southeast of besieged Bres-
lau, troops of Marshal Ivan S. Ko-
nev's First Ukrainian army were
advancing on an 80-mile front
and threatened the key towns of
Strenlen, Munsterberg, Niesse,
Loebschuetz and Ratibor.
Close on Gdynia
Simultaneously, Soviet forces
battled to within' three and one-
half miles of the, Baltic port of
Gdynia and tightened their "siege
and around the former free city
of DanzigJDeep in Czechoslovak'
ia's Tatra mountains, other Rus
sian shock troops forced the Hron
river within fivemiles of Banska
Bystrica. - :
Konev's , new offensive "dove
tailed with a thunderous assault
which the Germans said the Rus
sians had launched against the
prize German naval base of Stet
tin, and with a fast-driving Red
army offensive in Hungary which
Eerlin said was hammering wes
of Budapest within 95 miles of
Vienna, r
Starts Offensive
Konev's mighty army went over
o the offensive :n areas west and
south of the Oder river town of
Oppeln, 47 miles southwest of
Breslau, in extreme southeastern
Germany. .
Striking south from Grottkau, 23
miles west of Oppeln, one arm of
a giant pincer plunged 25 miles to
ward Nenstadt, 58 miles southeast
ol Breslau, while the second struck
25 miles from bridgeheads across
the Oder between Krappitz, 13
miles south of Oppeln, and Rati
bor, 40 miles southeast of Oppeln,
Taxi Driver
Turns Tables
On Assailant
Don Ethridge, 32, cab driver of
3618 Maple ave., was the victim
of an attempted robbery Thursday
night but was able to turn the
tables and deliver his would-be
assailant to the police station
himself.
Ethridge told police that two
youths about 16 years of age hail
ed his cab close to midnight and
asked to be driven to box 644,
route two, about four miles from
Salem. When they reached the
driveway he asked one of the
boys to get out and open the gate
so that he could drive nearer the
house. After the one boy com
plied with the request, the other
in the back seat drew a loaded
revolver and hit Ethridge three
times on the back of the head.
Fortunately, he said, he was
able to turn around and take the
gun from the boy, but was unable
to hold both, so the other youth
got away. He then made the boy
drive the cab back to town and
delivered him to city policemen.
who booked the juvenile on
charge of assault with a danger
ous weapon.
Ethridge was treated by first
aid men for slight head injuries
Hull Hopes to Attend
San Francisco Meet
.WASHINGTON, March 22 -()
Joseph G. Grew, acting secretary
of state, said today that Corde
Hull : Intends to go to " the San
Francisco conference . late next
month if his health has suffi
ciently improved.
s Delegation to Security Meet i
ministry; William Mabane, food
Dingle Foot, economic warfare;
Miss Ellen Wilkinson, home se
curity, and Miss Florence Hors
burgh, health. ' v
-i When the prime, minister, an
nounced Eden, a conservative,
twould lead the delegation the
labor - members Immediately at
tacked. Aneurin Bevan, a consis
tent critic of Churchill, asked why
Attlee, , a laborite, had -.not been
given the chief role.- i. 1
, 'Churchill explained that Attlee
had : no constitutional . authority
while Eden, holding the, -seals of
state, was responsible for the con
duct of foreign affairs.
"That is not the answer at all,
Bevan shot back, v-
Then Emanuel Shinwell struck.
; "Is it . not all ' quite consistent
with his (Churchill's) declaration
at a conservative conference,!!
Shinwell asked, ."that the conser
NINETY-FOURTH YEAB
vrarcri:
Details!
Sought
House Memhers
.... . v ,.f-... :".. .. "J . "
- Declare Actions
Are Kept Secret;
WASHINGTON, March 22 -(JF)
A demand that congress pry the
lid of secrecy from operations of
the allied war crimes commission
was made today before the house
foreign affairs committee.
Rep. Celler (D-NY) called for a
"full time debate" in the house
after Herbert A. Pell testified that
he doesn't know whether he still
is this j government's representa
tive on the commission charged
with fixing the war guilt on en
emy leaders. j s .
"The work of the commission
cannot; remain secret,? Celler de
clared. J "Let the pitiless light of
publicity reveal the places where
ineptitude and indecion are crip
pling its efforts." ' ' ! i
Pell was called before' the com
mittee to review the work of the
unmeant
s droDDed
war crimes commission until early
this year when he was dropped
by the state department which
said the action was necessary be
cause congress failed Ho appro
priate money for U. S. particjpa
tion in the deliberations.
Until the time he left; the com
mission, he said, 2000 war crime
cases had been presented and in
dictments made in half of them.
aicunenis maae m naiifoi uem.
Formal charges against Adolf
xiiuer ;were noi preierrea unui
last winter and then they were
presented by the Czech govern
ment. r !
c:"! ! i ;
Asked about the delay in Hit
ler"s case, Pell, replied: i
"Simply because no government
had reported him." The commis
sion, he explained, could not use
its own initiative in such cases.
Snell OKs Bill
For Special
June Election
Gov.! Earl Snell on Thursday
signed house bill 418 calling a
special: election to be! held June
22, 1945, for approval or rejec
tion of two measures referred to
the people by the 43rd legislature.
Voters will consider! the propos-,
al of a1 five-mill tax levy for two
years to raise S 10,000,000 for con
struction of new buildings by the
state and the state board of high-
er education. The state would ex
pend $6,000,000 while $4,000,000
going to the board of higher edu
cation; would be used 1 for state
colleges.' The levy would be off
set by surplus state income taxes.
A two-cent tax on each pack
age of , cigarettes sold in Oregon
would : be levied underj the other
measure. The $2,000,000 it is esti
mated such a tax would raise an
nually would eo to the miblic
schools.
Snell.; signed 10 other bills
Thursday deluding one appro-
pnating $26,000 for 'preparation
and direction of health ! education
in public schools of the state.
Morgenthau Looking
For Tax Evaders I !
WASHINGTON, March 22
Treasury Secretary Henry Mor
genthau disclosed today he is
h ,iith n.. J. th fiinv
by wealthy persons -f "the fellow
with 'the suite of big rooms and
the lush boys.'
He told reporters he expected to
announce something soon.
When Chiirchill
vative party, having got all they
wanted in the way of I assistance
and guidance in the war, are now
going :to get everything which is
useful in their own- hands?"
The delegation was composed of
four conservatives, three laborites
and two liberals. -
Shinwell's statement ? was i met
with cheers and, countering jeers.)
Churchill roared back: - '
He (Shinwell) has done very-
thingto .his Power ) break up deon of Spatuh prtV In
thu government and ; hopes to Manila prior to the city's libera
gam after. ita dissolution what he ,. i K ;. ,
would never gain while national
ff,! . i ..l
5n H """ "7"
. f
Any fair minded man would
say," Added Churchill,: "that the
labor party had faittrepresenta
i i
Not from you," shouted Shin
well. ; -
UP AGES
Flmrie'ThroiceftR Japs
Yanks of the 37th division use a
hldinr in the forecastle of a partially sunken ship in Manila har
bor. (AP wirepboto from U. S.
Government Policies Keeping
Meat Short Congress Hears
O .
WASHINGTON, March 22 -
complaints from the range country and packing houses today that
there is plenty of meat on the hoof but that government policies
keep it off legitimate buyers' tables. i
A retailer said "meateasies? are getting more and more pf
the steaks and roasts to sell on the; sly. !
mi llf 1Y
irCC MUllOU
From Tokyo
(By the Associated Press)
SAN FRANCISCO, Marchifl
iy The evacuation . of iferrH
3,000,000 air raid victims from To-
kyoone of the greatest mass ci
vilian evacuations of the war is
in progress in the bomb-torn Nip
ponese capital, the Japanese radio
indicated Thursday,
A Domei, Japanese news agency.
broadcast recorded by the FCC
said Home Minister Shigeo Odachi
a anmittee that Tokyo
probably had less than 4,000,000
inhabitants now. with more to
leave. The city's prewar popula
tion before the war . was around
7,000,000, making it the third larg
est in the world
The prospect of population cen
ters -of Japan being isolated by an
American invasion was raised as
the:; government speeded steps to
organize a civilian . national,
or
"special-attack," corps.
Siiperforts
Attack Japs
oon
CALCUTTA, March 22 -UP)- A
sizeable force of B-28 Superfort-
bases ; attacked
. . .. . . .
JaPanese mstaUation afoUnd
big Burma port of Rangoon today
with "good to excellent" results,
laying at least five bombs square
ly in dump areas, the 20th XJJS.
bomber command announced.
The attacking Superf orts, mak
ing3; their fourth large raid on the
Rangoon area in support of Allied
ground forces driving . southward
. . m j i . j i n..
encountered only i light anti-air
craft and fighter Opposition and
completed the mission without a
loss. -'.!,-
Today's attacks . were : centered
on supply and storage dumps near
Lake Victoria, just north of Ran
goon, and on the Mingaladon air
field and cantonment. .
Spain Angry
At Japanese
MADRID. March 22-UPV-SDain
! A , rt,M ,rM-r
. A tJ t -
with JaP0 tonight as the Spanish
government charged the Japanese
with ' "systematic' premedita'tetr
min-der . of defenseless Spanish
Imen. women and children and the
"'."."'mmn
The charges, made in a commun-
Ique, confirmed the declaration
I iasi wees oi fiuiippine xrix. ucn.
p. Homulo in Washington
in which he enumerated the atroc
- httes. 1 t
I siorm or eaiionai protest ana
- 1 denunciations of Japan . in the
1 Spanish press followed.
Evacuating
Rang
C2
Satan, :0?oskr Friday Moratna. March 23. 1845
,t:v.Bt":... -1 'l '
7
flame thrower to barn eat Japanese
army signal corps) . : ..' . i
P - Congressional groups heard
The congressmen also got this
rejoinder from the office of price
administration: Prices and subsi
dies have been adjusted to costs
and the trade generally is coming
out pretty well.
Said Rep. Barrett (R-Wyo) at: a
meat inquiry called by Rep. Sund-
strom (R-NJ), "We've got 10,000,-
000 excess cattle now out in the
west -and there's no reason at all
why there should be a.xneat jshort-
jg&AsQFA is to blame."
- In the same unofficial meeting
with, industry and government
spokesmen, A. L. Erikson, chief
of the OPA meat price branch,
said all types of livestock ceilings
have been adjusted to compensate
for increased costs.
Cost of Rhine
Drive Begins
To Show Up
WASHINGTON, March 22--
T,he cost .of the army's drive jto
Seize the west bank of the Rhine
river began to show up today in
the casualty reports.
After more than a month dur
ing which the weekly increase in
reported casualties grew-progres
sively smaller, the army and navy
released figures snowing a rise
of 19,998. The army accounted
for 18,223 of the increase. j
Undersecretary of War Patter
son, listing army losses of 767,680
said the report covered the light
ing during the latter part of Feb
ruary. . : It was at that time that
the First and Ninth armies jump
ed off from the Roer river line
in their final push to the Rhine.
Coupled with the navy's casual
ties . of 91,907, the army figure
pushed the over-all casualties since
Pearl Harbor to 659,387.
42 Diphtheria
Gases Caused
By Raw Milk I
MOLALLA, Ore, March 22-P)
Source of the diphtheria epidemic
which : has stricken 42 residents
of this little community was traced
today 4o raw mDk supplied by
dairyman who state and county
health officers said, was a germ
carrier, r ": v " : ' "
Dr. Harold M. ; Erickson, state
health officer, said tonight his de
partment had also found one fun
diagnosed case of a boy and a
woman ill witU clinical diphtheria
in the dairyman's household. ' i-
''Contamination undoubtedly
occurred at tlui source,, Dr." Er
ickson '. declared. "The - explosive
type of -outbreak in Molalla could
only be 'due to an infected milk
supply,'-' : .. - ; - .! :
He stated that "proper pasteur
ization would have prevented an
outbreakVt v '
Partly Qoudy I
today with.: occasional brief
showers: and. slightly cooler
temperatures In the mid-Willamette
valley area, predicts
U.S. weather bureau, McNary
field, Salem. - I
Defenses
In Ruhr -
Pounded
- By Charles Chamberlain
LONDON, Friday March 23.-iT
-More than 8,000 American and
British planes gave Germany its
greatest dawn to dusk lashing yes
terday, concentrating particularly
on nazi defenses east of the Rhine,
and last night RAF Mosquitos
maintained the terrific pressure
by bombing Berlin for the 31st
consecutive time.
The German radio declared that
at least four other formations of
night raiders were on the prowl
over western Germany, the Han-nover-Hildesheim
area, Muenster
and the province of Bavaria.
These were the major blows de
livered during one of the finest
flying days of the year yesterday:
1. Approximately 4000 planes,
including 2000 American and Brit
ish heavy bombers from Britain,
tore up enemy concentrations and
reinforcements within the Ruhr
industrial' basin and surrounding
areas. This attack one of the most
violent delivered: by air power
during the war, was directed at
targets across the Rhine from
Field Marshal Sir Bernard L.
Montgomery's impending "jump
off positions. j
2A force of f more - than
Italy-based-US heavy bombers
blasted . the . big Ruhland oil re
finery 70 .miles southeast of Ber
lin. This blow was believed to
have virtually halted the produc
tion of gasoline within the US 15th
air force's range in southern Ger
many, Austria and Hungary.
3Using the new 11-ton volca
no bombs, British heavy bombers
collapsed the main span and the
approaches to the important Ni en
burg railroad bridge between
Hannover and Berlin.
Peace From
Nazis Denied
DUBLIN, March 22-P)-A rumor-
that a German peace pro
posal had been presented to the
United States minister through
Prime Minister Eamon De Valera
of Eire was denied flatly tonight
by ' both American and German
officials here. ,
David Gray, VS. minister to
Eire, was quoted in high Dublin
quarters as saying "there is no
truth in" the report that De Va
lera had tendered him 1 a peace
proposal received from Dr. Ed
uard Hempel, German minister
in Dublin. (; I
"No representations of -Tiny kind
have been made to me either di
rectly or Indirectly,,, Gray , was
quoted..
Job -of Registering '
Conquered Nazis Starts
WITH AMERICAN TROOPS IN
GERMANY, March 22 - UP) - The
job of registering and fingerprint
ing conquered Germans has begun
and ten million registration blanks
have been sent to military govern
ment detachments in the conquer
ed Rhineland areas. There are not
that many people living in the oc
cupied areas at present but AMG
authorities expect to use up , all
the blanks, finger-printing 10 mil
lion Germans in the next few
weeks." , v! :' -;
Proposal of
ShrubsNeeded for Hospitalized;
Legion Set to Aid; Call910l
The natural beauties of the Wil
lamette valley are being placed in
abundance at the navy hospital at
Camp ''Adair where hundreds of
men are fighting for .life, and
health.. ... ; -V . . ; :
" Through - the i cooperation of
American', Legion ' Capitol post
number 9, shrubs by the truckload
are being taken to the hospital
where pain-ridden men may see.
and appreciate-i-and may know
that their valor is far from for
gotten. More shrubs are needed, and
B. E. (Kelly) Owens. legion post
commander, has; announced that
i
Victorious
The V. 8. Third army under Lt.
Gen.; George 8. Patton, Jr. has
virtually completed a ; brilliant
campaign In the Saax area on
the west bank of the Rhine and
' Is reported . ready to storm to
the east bank of the river bar
. tier.! '
Pahay-Yankees
Guimaras Isle
MANILA, Friday, March 2Z-JP)
Fortieth division doughboys, in
vader; of Panay, hopped across
a mile and one-half strait and
seized 25-mile-long Guimaras is
land without opposition Wednes
day in a move to safeguard the
shipping lane into the captured
port of Iloilo. i i
Heavy bombers, meanwhile,
lashed; Cebu island with 240 tons
of explosives in three successive
days, j ;- J-:, :t: .
-. Mountainous Guimaras L is di
rectly opposite i Iloilo and r helps
form one of the best harbors and
seaplane bases in the central Phil
ippines. - " 1 '
Gen; - Douglas MacArthur re
ported: . this 27th - island invasion
of the Philippines in his commu
nique today, announcing only that
"in a shore-to-shore operation our
troops; seized Guimaras i island,
southeast of Panay."
Canned Goods
Supplies Cut
WASHINGTON, March fl-UP)-Shipments
of canned fruit and
vegetable products to civilian out
lets will average one-fifth less dur
ing the first half of 1945 .than in
the corresponding period of last
year.'' i ' - ;"
This was stated in a report on
the fruit and vegetable canning in
dustries released jointly today-by
the commerce department 'and the
office of price administration. -. -'
The' report said shipments in the
second half of this year may be
somewhat larger than in the first
half. But total supplies for civil
ians in the "pack year" .184$-1846
are likely to be six per cent small
er than those during the 1944-1945
period,.. ; v , 4 -;';' -- i-v
trucks are available to pick up all
donations and transfer, them im
mediately to the hospital : where
Capt. Paul Wilson? commandant.
will see to iheir placement.
. With spring transplanting now
underway in many gardens, it is
believed at least-10 more truck-
loads of greenery can be obtained
if proper recognition is accorded
the plans which: also has the sup
port of the 40 et 8 in this area.
j Persons' willing to donate shrubs
of nny ' size may telephone The
Oregon Statesman, 9101, and their
names and addresses will be turn
ed over promptly to the Legion.
J
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Artillery
Barrage
Reported
, -By ! Austin Bealmear
- PARIS, March 22.-Cip)-TwO US
armies crushed all major resist
ance west of the Rhine today in
the last phase of a battle that cost
the Germans 100,000 captives
alone, and the enemy said the riv
er barrier was about to be storm
ed both from the Palatinate and
opposite - the Ruhr, which - was
blasted by thousands of allied
warplanes. -
One German report said Lt Gen.
George S. Patton's Third army had
massed 300 regular and amphibo
lous tanks and strong engineer-
ing, and motorized units for a
smash into ; the mountainous in
ner core of the reich.
Another declared that Field
Marshal Sir Bernard L. Montgom
ery had opened a thunderous ar
tillery barrage to screen a Rhine
crossing west of Wesel, adding to
destruction wrought by the thous
ands of warplanes which through
out the day sowed ruin through
the Ruhr valley.
Only 4000 Left
Third army strategists now
were free to plan the crossing of
the Rhine, for possibly no more
than 4000 German effectives re
in a i n e d In action westof ; the
stream after one of the worst dis
asters ever visited on German
arms. . ;
Written off were the great Rhine
cities of Mainz and Ludwigshafen,
where resistance folded during the
day and the few defenders wet !
chased into corners from which
there was I no retreat, with the
Rhine bridges blown. ; .
Field Marshal Albert j Kessel-
ring has succeeded Field Marshal
Karl Von Runstedt, foremost
Prussian strategist, as commander
of all enemy forces on the west
ern front, it was stated at Mont
gomery's headquarters. Kesselring
gained stature among the nazis
because of his stubborn defense
of northern Italy. ' - i
First Moves Ahead I
The US First army movsd into
position to outflank the Ruhr from
the south, increasing its hold on
the Rhine's east bank to 31 miles
and deepening its bridgehead to
nine miles. .
The First army now held nine
miles of the south bank of the
Sieg. river northeast of Bonn with
in a dozen miles of the Ruhr's
south rim and was ready to hur
dle that minor river barrier and
strike northward. .
(The American broadcasting
station in Europe said in a broad
cast heard by NBC that the Yanks
had crossed the Sieg and captured '
Siegburg, city of 20,000). '
Southward the First army
bridgehead c extended to within
seven and a half miles of Coblenz,
on the west bank,' where the Third
army sits in firm control.'
German broadcasts admitted
that the bridgehead had been
mushroomed until now : it " had
achieved "tactical importance"
and might f well form the south
J a w to Montgomery's northern
pincer. The enemy said Mont
gomery had tremendous forces
poised ready to strike. 4
Volcano9 Bomb
roys Isle
LONDON, March 22P)-T h e
RAFs new, 11 - ton "volcano
bomb literally destroyed a small
granite island off the British
coast in its first test,' the maga
zine "Aeroplane" said today.
a Describing ' the bomb, 'now In
use on Germany, . the magazine
said: Xy lxxU-x I i ix : y
"Its" first tests were" conducted
on a remote and .uninhabited
granite ' island off the British
coast . . . Release of the bomb
was, followed almost immediately
by a colossal, explosion and when
the large smoke cloud, character
istic of the hew bomb, disappeared
the island was conspicuous by its
its absence." '
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