. . :'.. - ::. '&. , v " - :M'- y:::-:l i . yyy:y : -- yy -yy-:y:y j---.v ; r y y -i -- v . . . v ' . . . i . ' i : - - ..... - ! - .-r OTP SSSDDQS TJQ3CGQGB Weather lu rraaelsc , BiftM . !falm : rortufc S.atU . , si www w v m-Kw MMMwmwmwn M Y M tests U M M M " M tnc .U - M WBIaautte rim , ft. vNearly 100 year ago, gept 13, 1847. to be exact the American army under Gen. W infield Scott iOld Fuss and Feathers) stormed the heights Of Chapultepec on the approach to the capital of old Mexico.' For the past tea days or so the old castle which still stands on the eminence has served as meeting place for representatives of 20 American nations who are 'attempting in a spirit of mutuality to solve problems for the good of all Americas. Quite a contrast, indeed, between the two scenes. Old Chapultepec was heavily fortified to stand as a bastion guarding the City of Mexico. The eminence was 150 ft. high'; and the walls of the castle, 100 ft high, were of heavy stone masonry. The crest was protected by a double wall. The place was quite hea vily fortified and some of the gun ners were Frenchmen experienced in handling artillery. General Scott opened his at tack on September 12 with his ar tillery, seeking to breach the walls. The next day his troops stormed . the castle, .using scaling ladders to get over the walls. The engagement was fierce while it lasted, but the Mexican defenders were driven out and the way was then open to the gates of the city. For Mexicans there has always been deep sentiment about Chap ultepec. , The country's military academy was there, whose cadets fought ' . ' j (Continued on Editorial Page) Marines Reach Cliffs on Side of Ivvo U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEAD QUARTERS, Guam, Friday, Mar. North MiflPHFront line dispatches disfY, .iuvm wua uuk uk iiuiu uia rine division has reached the cliff 1pP overlooking the northeast beaches of Iwo and the Fifth ma- rine division has shot an envel- oping arm 1000 yards up the northwest shbre. ! The disclosures followed a navy communique ' announcing only -small gains Thursday on the third day of an all-out push so bitter ly contested that the marines .had to call on tanks to operate in un favorable terrain as support. -The front line dispatches ampli fied these gains, placing Maj. Gen. Graves B. Erskine's Third division at the edge of cliffs onjy 300 yards j nique again ignored the vital Ber f rom the beach. The cliffs are I lin sector except for the announce- honeyc'&mbed with, dugouts in which . machine guns and possibly beayier weapons bar the precipi tous path down to the surf. Church Heads To Map Plans For Census Five hundred Aurch workers frnm Yk Sa1m churches and ren- . resenting an estimated 90 per cent th- ,.h,..h mpmhmhln of Sa. lem, wiU meet tonight at 7:30 at k. f,w Prh.t.n.n rK..rrh n mak nlans for taking the church renois of Salem. The project is .financed by the Locknear Foundation of southern Charles Durden, pastor of Cal- vary BapUst churclu Members of the directing committee of which he Is chairman are the Rev. T. J. Bernards, pastor of St Joseph's ' Catholic church; the Rev. Willard B. Hall, pastor of Knight Memor- lal Congregational church; Rev. Weaver Hess, pastor of the church of the Nazaren and C A. Kells, ceneral secretary of the Salem YMCA. where headquarters for the census work will be main '. tained. . .. ... ' , ... 272 Liberated Yanks -Reach an Francisco SAN FRANCISCO, March 8-(ff) Tor an hour or more today, eyes of 272 American enlisted men and officers released after nearly three (years as Japanese, prisoners of ... war, were alight with excitement and pleasure at the welcome giv- en them by the people of San Francisco in behalf of their folks and their country. . But soon the brilliant , gleams were eclipsed by the tiredness, the emotional strain and the mem- ories of their years in hell. - Final Blow on Japan Will Be One of Overwhelming Might I By J. W. Davis WASHINGTON, March Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, fore casting, the final essaift on Japan as one of overwhelming might; said today "It may well be" .that some of the now-secret take off spots will be in China. 1 The US commander of the Pa cific ocean .areas popped .up in Washington at a time when other important figures of the war against Japan were circulating in the capital... . .,,. " But at a news conference he NDIETY-rOURTH YEAR Reds Roll Close to 1 Danzig Soviets Outflank Oder Fortresses Germans Report By Romney Wheeler LONDON, Friday, March 9-JP) The Germans said last night that Russian tanks had plunged with in 25 miles of greater Berlin on the second day of an all out front al , assault, while Moscow an nounced that other soviet forces invading -Danzig territory for the first time had rolled within 12 miles of the former free city of Surging 10 miles west of the Oder river, "the Rhine of the east," and last natural defense nazi capitilf . . . Rs w reported by Berlin to have reached the Junc- tion town of Seelow, outflanking the Oder fortresses of Kuestrin and Frankfurt. . -1 5 , This development came,; as the Americans 'in the west tossed the larger obstacle of the hRine south of captured Cologne. Russia's high command commu ment that red army troops to the north had overwhelmed German positions only seven miles from the Pomeranian caDital of Stet tin, maw part for Berlin. Moscow dispatches said the i heavy fighting along the Oder might be the prelude to a i inal offensive against the reich capital, but suggested that main blows might be forthcoming later on both flanks of the nazi heart city. Striking eight miles inside southwestern Danzig territory In I-miie a a v an c e yesieruay, Marshal K. K. Bokossovsky's Sec oriel White Russian army penetrat ed to 'within 12 of Danzi city and to within 17 miles of G?dniar another important nazi naval base on the, BalUc, with the teizure of Strangenwalde, Yj llintl f5I1C 1TAClA 1UU A TT - 0 gt Xlciil Ol VFOai T A Tf "risr 111 ZlLilVl JLI1VC Quota Rec'd to date $80,500.00 32,619.63 Balance 47,880.37 A rapid checkup of and by di vision workers to make sure that no Marion county resident is skipped in the solicitation of the Red Cross war fund was asked by Chairman r. u. Leserer on Thursday night. Many persons who have not yet 1 been seen have called war fund and Red Cross chapter .offices asking how soon solicitors will be around, Leserer said. If workers will inform their chairmen what I portions ol their territories have been covered and when they will be able .to complete their jobs, an answer - could be given the an- xious Wbuld-be givers, he declar ed. (Details on page 2.) discounted thoughts that there might be a direct connection. He shied away from the idea that a stride toward Tokyo via theChi nese mainland may be just around the corner. The navy Is strong enough to go any point in the Pacific it wants to go," he said. . ; "Where?" he was asked. With a grin, the pink cheeked, blue-eyed fleet admiral replied "The Japanese would like the an swer to that very question. They'll learn in due cUirse. . , : , , , , 1 ' ----- 4 1 18 PAGES i.;-; : Y. -. : y:yY ,.,.YYi, -"V -v-v" !;..:,.. :-. . ' .,1 German Surrender Procession 'A f, " is- ....... . 2 Ax( -V;, v-L ; ? f !" ' German civilians, hands upraised, render to troops of the V. 8. Trier in Germany. This photo photographer with the wartime Senate Sends Remodeled I Manpower Bill to House; Employer By iFrmncis WASHINGTON, March 8. - remodeled manpower control bill direct penalties aimed' at balking Jammed in the senate two full by the senate military committee a 63 to 16 roll call vote. Thirty-nine aj progressive voted for the:: meas ure, seven democrats and nine re publicans against I ! The house is expected to Refuse to take the senate substitute; send ing the legislation to conference with instructions to hold out for the work-or-jail bill the represen tatives approved February S I. The outcome! there is dotibtful. Senate majority leader Berkley has said repeatedly that the con ference committee will write the final version of the bill. Shortly- before the finals vote, the senate reversed a decision tak en Tuesday and wrote bac into the bill a penalty of a year in jail or $10,000 fine for employers convicted pf violating employment ceilings which the war manpower commission chairman would be authorizeTl" to establish for ; any and every place of business In the nation. - s Canol Project To Be Halted WASHINGTON, March Y$.-P) -Operation of most of the contro versial multi-million dollarcanol oil project in northwestern Can ada will be halted June 30, the war department announced to night ' -L )- .'; The move was attributed to an expected improvement in the tan ker situation as well as the more favorable military position in the Alaskan area. . - I ' The '$134,000,000. projecf was launched Yin April, 1942, i few months after Pearl Harbor, when Alaska was threatened by the Jap anese and; the sea route from the United States to Alaska ws en dangered. . '4 House Bids for Share In Writing of Peaces i WASHINGTON, March tf-Wt The house opened a serious bid for a share in the writing of peace terms f today, ignoring a senate committee's determination to balk the plan for the war's duration. I The rules committee ordered two days! of general debate on a constitutional amendment which would erase the senate's tradi tional two-thirds vote control over treaties and make future? peace pacts subject to ratification of majority . vote of both houses congress. ? Satan,' Orgoru march through the street to sur Third army after their capture of was taken by Byron H. Rollins, AP still picture pooL (AP wvephete) PenaMeBack J. Kelly P) - The senate sent a completely back to the house today, with all employers rather than employes. weeks, the substitute bill drawn was blasted loose late today by democrats, 23 republicans and Fewer Than 100 Nisei Are Back in State PORTLAND, March 8.-(JP)- Fewer than 100 Japanese-Ameri cans of the original 4,200 evacua ted by the war relocation author ity have returned to Oregon, a WRA official said today. - Most of the Nisei are going to "central and eastern states," Clyde W. Linville, senior WRA officer, reported. Three fourths of the 100 settled in Multnomah county, he said. He reported that prior, to the army's lifting of the exclusion ban, about 30 percent of the 35,' 000 Nisei moved inland from the west coast had relocated else where. The! Portland WRA office said it was refusing aid to returning Japanese who do not have "ap proved plans." It explained this meant visible means of support and assured housing.; y Posthumous Award Of Silver Star Given Salem Man WASHINGTON March 8 -UP) Posthumous ayrard of the army Silver; Star to 2nd Lt Gerald H. Swatzberg, Salem, Ore.,-was an nounced today by the war de partment. ?!-.' Swatzberg was cited for hero ism : in Sicily in August. 1943, while leading his rifle platoon In an attack - against an -enemy po sition. The Salem officer ordered his men to take cover when enemy mortar shells and machine gun fire, pinned them ' down In ad vance positions. Injured himself, he realized several ; of the men hadn't heard the order . because of. the noise. i . y. ..' ; Although mortally .wounded, he was concerned only "with the safety! of his men,. the citation said, land . crawled 1 among his riflemen ordering them to cover while refusing help for himself. His widow, Mrs. Bertha Swatz berg, resides at 1415 South Lib erty st, Salem. ' Frequent Rain today with slightly cooler tem peratures in the mid-Willamette valley, area, predicts U. S. .weather bureau, McNary field, Salem. t . Friday Morning. March 9. 1945 JiJL Weather lliickens At Capitol ! Vet, School and Liquor Bills Get ; O. K. in Speedup ' By WendeD Webb Manaclnf editor. The Statesman The 43rd legislature was in Its heaviest weather , of . the session today and its progress on the Fri day calendar could "make or break," in so i far as avowed in tentions of adjourning' early next week are concerned. ',..' Both the senate and house com pleted their calendars Thursday, the house after its longest meeting-day of the session, with these major results:: -Y , v The senate passed HB 271 to complete legislative action for the creation of ' a : department Ofr vet erans' affairs; defeated SBy 310 providing for full coverage under unemployment com pensation, passed JSB 77 increasing from $25 to $30 the-a mount payable per de gree of injury under workmen's compensation.;" Schawl Bill Passed The ' house 1 reconsidered and passed HB $0 to create rural school districts; passed HB 212 to permit counties to have the man ager form of government; passed tB 144 and 145 increasing fees. restrictions and penalties under the Oregon liquor law; defeated SB 272 permitting firms to carry on optometry ; business with regis tered optometrists.' - "- - .: On the house .calendar today axa such, measures as the cigaret tax (HB 417); school support fund (HB 416); tax levy for state build ing fund (HB 415); confiscation under liquor laws (SB 117); bar ber bill (SB 185); asking -stabiliza tion of gold (SJM S), and permit ting Chinese : to own real estate in Oregon (SJR 14). , Scrip Bill at Z:3 On the senate calendar are bills to put all fortified wines in liquor stores .. (SB 276); establishing public health department (SB 89) ; lifting the limit on old-age assistance (HB 52); and setting up a scrip system (SB 112), for the sale of drinks in clubs (the latter -proposal will be a special order -of business in the senate at 2:30 pf. m.) Each house has 18 measures tip for final action today the 6lst of the session and the 11th With out remuneration. Most appropriation bills, includ ing those for public welfare, were understood to be nearly set for final action. (Legislative news pages 7, and 10). j Anti-Measles Serum Ready WASHINGTON, March 8.-(P)- The American Red Cross announ ced today that immune serum globulin for the prevention and modification of measles is being distributed by it for civilian use. By-product of human blood processed for the armed forces, the immune serum globulin,' Bas il O'Connor, Red Cross chairman said, "Is of great value in con trolling ' outbreaks and . in pre venting the dangerous complica tions of the disease. y The serum will be distributed through state or local health de partment for free use by doctors and hospitals. . Loyal Warner New President Of Salem United War Chest Loyal Warner, president of Sa lem chamber of commerce, shouj dered a new responsibility 'Thurs day, when he was elected presi dent of the Salem United War Chest to succeed Lowell Kern. Warner, a former chest campaign manager and former president' of the Salem Retail Trade bureau. Is manager of the J. CT Penney com pany, store In Salem. Fred S. Anunsen, p re-campaign chairman for last fall's chest drive. was elected first vice presidents and E. ' Burr ? Miller, who was chairman of the drive, was named second vice president Dorathea Steusloff, chairman of the worn en's division of the campaign for the past several years, was elect ed secretary.' Leo G. Page of the : U, S. National bank, who suc i ceeds Lynn C Smith on the board, Tokyo Says Yanks Preparing to Land On Mindanao Isle Y j . ,- Y -j :-- ' By thAasocUted Prm .Tekya radto said today that warships have been bombard ing Zamboanga. on the south west tip 'of Mindanao Island la the southern Philippines . since early , Thursday morning ' and the bombardment ;is believed to be a prelude to a landing attempt" ).; p. . - , The report was without any allied confirmation. ' v Mindanao Is - second only to American-invaded Luton island In sJae in the Philippines. British, Indian Troops Enter IntoMandalay LONDON, Friday, March-( 'An All-India radio report heard In London early today said that Indian troops of !; the British forces la Bornik had captured, the main railway station In Mandalay. -, Br Frank L. Martia . CALCUTTA, M a r c h 8 - UP) British and Indian troops ham mered into the northern suburbs of Mandalay- today after a 14 mile night advance: through dis integrating Japanese resistance and the fall of Burma's second city was believed here to be im minent j j Many Japanese were by passed in the spectacular night thrust ami were left behind to be mopped up at leisure. Capture of Mandalay, a; city of 185,000 population, is expected to seal off additional thousands of enemy 'troops. . -Y. .. 4 I, Y !:. ; The . Burma picture was the brightest for (he allies since the Japanese invaded the country in the spring of 1942. Unless, the-enemy is reinforced I strongly and quickly the weight of odds against him makes it certain he will be driven from Burma in the' not distant future. 1 -' ! U.Si General Wounded But Will Recover I . i - I. i -j: MANILA, Fridayj March 9.- -Ma.-Gen. Verne D; Mudge, com- mander of the hard-hitting- First cavalry division, was wounded se-. verely February' 28 by a Japanese grenade, but the medical staff re ported today his recovery was certain. Y General Mudge's home is Fells-- mere, Fla., his wife lives in San Diego. f. -r i j - f The general was; wounded on the battle line northeast of Ma nila while looking! for a I dugout which the', army engineers had blasted. : A Japanese, who had been left for dead, tossed a gre nade. Shrapnel wounded j Mudge in the abdomen.' 1 . j Y U f ; - V f Amerfcas Delegates Sign Blueprint for New Era " MEXICO .1 CITY. I March t -W Delegates to ' the inter-American conference signed a blueprint for a. new era In this nemisphere to night Then they started home, preparing to extend their system for peace and prosperity to the rest of , the world at San Fran .cisoo. ' L Y- " f" '- - . 1 ' 1 also was named to succeed him as treasurer. - ? i Wamer appointed Kern, MiUer, Paul : B. .Wallace,- C A. Sprague and Jess Card a committee to rec ommend -next fall's campaign chairman, y., ,: ".- : .; ' f f A report from the chest's sal vage committee, assigned the task of disposing of cots and bedding used, in' soldier sleeping quarters when ' the city 4 was ; often - filled with military: men,! revealed that it cost the chest just 11.8 cents to provide - a man with a bed for the night A total of $2950.51 was the" net expenditure of the 'chest However, at the YMCA an extra man was kept on duty in. gym nasium and at the swimming poo' when men were quartered there St Joseph's church kept up its hall where' cots were erected, and the TJSO provided registration and other service, -i . y; i LfULfU First Army Eastward Toward Germany's Heart Sensational Crossing May Have Been Made on Remageri Bridge; Heralds Speedier End ol War By Austin Bealmear 1 PARIS, March 8-(AP)-Thousands of U. S. first army troops, surging across the Rhine south of Cologne, drove east toward Germany's heart to night against surprisingly light resistance after' cracking the historic western barrier in a brilliant coup heralding a speedier The swift, sensational military triumph since and was a battle'f eat without parallel since Napol eon's conquering legions crossed the Rhine early in the last century. It caught the Germans go disorganized that they met the assault waves lery and mortar fire, and they were Quickly driven from strategic positions. The allied nigh command kept them confused by withholding the momen tous news for 24- hours. The Luxembourg radio broadcast without of ficial confirmation that Remagen, site of the great Ludendorff double track railway bridge, J28 miles southeast of Col ogne and 12 miles southeast of Bonn. ".- "' y;"f'- ? (Brussels radio carried the in London that the Americans may have seized the bridge intact putting them in position to hurry tanks across and exploit the sur prise blow to the full. The German communique said this morning 1 that the Americans had reached Remagen.) 1 The crossing, fated to end the ed, if it ran be exploited, tame as four allied armies closed up to the Rhine nearly everywhere on a 150-mile front and the Third army on the south end began blasting with artillery at Coblenz, most im portant river crossing left to the enemy.-. 1 I n 1 A A 1 HMJ ' nun uimwntwH lima . The Germans rallied for three counterattacks after the first American infantrymen hurdled the these were hurled back. The enemy was caught without prepared positions, and he was forced tonight to blaze away with artillery at I the deep and firm bridgehead, trying to stem the allied tide of men and materials rush- j ing across the river. I , ' 1 Fighter bomber squadrons snarled through the murky sky, at- ' tacking a half dozen communications centers surrounding the bridge head in an attempt to seal off reinforcements, f Tight censorship prevented pin-pointine the location of the crossing and supreme headquarters late tonight till permitted only the barest details to be disclosed in the hope of throwing the Germans off the scent except those immediately brought to battle. (Supreme -headquarters imposed its blackout! on the First army's southern wing yesterday after permitting disclosure that armored units were 10 miles south of Bonn, which would place them in the area of Remagen.) i News Delights Elsenhower J The crossing, which brought lighted'' congratulations from General Eisenhower, was made Just an hour and 15 minutes before tanks of the Third army reached the Rhine farther south toward Coblenz. 1 Both armies, still operating under partial blackouts, were rapidly overrunning the last enemy-held sector west of the Rhine and north of the Mose-s river. : . Across tne Rhine, American infantrymen pushed on, leaving the bridgehead well behind and out of range of small arms fire. Associated Press Correspondent Hay Boyle f said the men who made the first crossing were still in the vanguard of the drive .be yond the river. - ., - I The crossing was made at oneof the most picturesque parts of the beautiful, storied Rhine winding as Boyle described it "like a lazy, silver-gray snake" between- sheer bluffs and green hills. As soon as the original company had crossed it began ascending a sheer 300-foot crag. Resistance was not organized because the Ger mans were completely caught off guard, but some nazi were able to turn an anti-aircraft gun against Men, Weapons roar Across y '-:Y; -ft t: ";V - Artillery and mortars fired sporadically and the Germans "zeroed" the crossing point with long range shells. However, American re inforcements and equipment kept feeding across to the east bank and every road leading to the bridgehead brought more men and weapons. The veteran First division cleared at least Half of Bonn, a city of 101,000, during the day in fighting tfhlch Associated Press Corre spondent Don Whitehead said was much more bitter than the battle for Cologne. Despite the presence of thousands; of civilians in the famed university city, "the Germans , were pouring rockets and artil lery into it, killing many of their own people. - j , ; : , At last reports the iron bridge carrying the lush way and tramway across the Rhine at Bonn was still passable. - i , -; Three miles south of Bonn the Ninth division of the first army cleared three-fourths of the resort town of Bad Godesberg and sever ed the river bank road running between Bonn and Coblenz. . Portland Vice Racket Draws Gtizens9 Ire PORTLAND, Ore, : March $. (AVA grinv faced citizens com mittee, 100 strong, declared war on Portland's vice conditions to day and demanded that city offi cials clamp, down on prostitution. The group, representing civic leaders, heard a federal security agency official threaten federal Intervention unless organized prostitution is suppressed. , Field Representative John W. Sears said the government's efforts to clean out vice had received weak help locally. . - "Each flurry of enforcement you have had represents- the results of pressure from the army, navy or federal security agency," he said. No. 333 o Drives end to the war. crossing was the biggest the Normandy landings, f r , with -only scattered artil 1 the Americans crossed, at same report prompting speculation war months sooner than calculat river at 3:50, parr; yesterday, but I the First array; a message of "de the attackers for' a time. PFC Edward Masonic Missing in Action PFC Edward Masonic, former Salem resident; who', trained at Camp Adair with ; the 70th di vision and whose wife, Harryette Masonic, 'is i teacher at ngle wood school,i has been reported missing in action somewhere in France since January 8. 2. Masonic ,was with the Trail blazer "division , on - the western front.. "I-.-. - . British Admiral Dies , EXETER, England, Mar. MV Rear A dm. Montagu W W. P, Con- sett,' British iaval representative on the Inter-allied committee of Versailles in 1920, died at his home here yesterday, , He was 74. , Y:-;.- I- ; ; . Y ,Y' -:T 1 -1 -