i' p ; . . 1 - - - ; i . ' I LfLP mssm fas' Weather amp ID Max. Kin. SUM .M St JM J M M -4T ' 17 Jl 44 Sj JJ Sam PraMbce Eagea ...' , . Calm Fortius ;. , , Seattle 0 WDQuQS - WOk-Mtte rtver S ft. 4 NINETY-FOURTH YEAH 10 PAGES' Salem, Orscon. Tuesday Morning. February 27, 1945 Prlc Sc No. 234 POUNDDD 1651 - - 1 ! . - " S -i " - V-'; ' I ' On this page today appears one of the truly, great pictures of this . war: the raising oLthe flag of the United States on top of Mt. Suri bachi extinct volcano at .the south ern tip of I wo Jima. .?;.: I should like to name it: "The Spirit of '45" for it seems a mod ern counterpart of that famous painting, "The Spirit of "78" in which the flag vis proudly borne by a soldier of the revolutionary armv attended by drummer and lifer. .- There have been many remark able Dhotoeranhs taken in this war, both the intimate individual scenes of v ar's incidence and the panoramic views of D-days and convoys and bombed landscapes The venturesome photographers have broueht to us by film the gory scenes of combat, where men lie prone on the earth, stopped by bullet or shell fragment. We have seen too the long lines of home Kss refugees tramping to name less destinations along roads lit tered with the crumpled gear of war. And picture of the emaciat ed forms of newly released pris oners have revealed the long tor - ture of concentration camps where men and women of our blood and nation have suffered. : But this picture of raising the flag on Iwo Jlma's peak is one of triumph: the end of which the convoys and invasions and the battles of sea and sky and land are the prelude, the compensation for the suffering and the (Continued on editorial page) New Air Raid Alerts Sounded In Jap Cities US PACIFIC FLEET HEAD QUARTERS, Guam, Feb. 26.-;P) -New air raid alerts for Tokyo, Yokohama and other parts of east central Honshu island "Were reported by the Japanese radio today following the terrific pounding of the Nippon capital in daylight Sunday by powerful waves of American carrier planes and a record flight of superfort resses. Meanwhile fleet headquarters nnd the 21st bomber command here awaited further details on the -twin strikes Sunday against in dustrial and military targets in the Tokyo region and elsewhere on Honshu. As usual radio silence enveloped the Yank carrier task force in Japanese waters. Returning. B-29 fliersi said sec tions of Tokyo undoubtedly, were left burning. The Japanese ack nowledged fires in their capital but said most of them were under control by nightfall. ABSIE, Am erican broadcasting station in Eu rope, said 25,000 square yards of . the center of Tokyo was ablaze. Gerald Worley Dies iii Action MT. ANGEL, Feb. 26. T. Cpl. Gerald Worley. 21, was killed m action February 3 on Luzon. His father. William Worley has been notified by the war department. Survivors include his father and stepmother, Mr. and Mrs. William Worley a brother, Sgt. Robert Worley in France, a sister, Mrs. Marilyn MacDowell, Iowa Park, Tex.; and a half sister and two half brothers, Elaine, Billy and David of Mt Angel; also his grand mother, Mrs. Sarah Worley of Sturgeon Bay, Wis. ; Requiem high mass and mili tary funeral services will be held from St. Mary's church in Mt Angel Thursday at 8:15 a. m, t (Picture and additional details on. page 2). 20 Die in Explosion PARIS, Feb. 26-J!P)-The French news agency reported tonight that a munitions dump" explosion "in western France" had killed 20 per--aons and injured 30. It said sparks from a truck caused the blast Oregon's Own 70th Fights OH Nazi Attack in Alsace By A. L Goldberg : , OETINGf. Alsace, Feb. UHJP The 70th "trailblazer" division, known as Oregon's own, fought off an enemy attack-of company strength early today near Stiring Wendel, north of Forbach, where Another of . -' Oregon's own" (di visions, the Timberwolves of the 104th, held the news spotlight this past weekend as the story was told of its spearhead operations; in the crossing of the Roer. Lt dL Fred Needham, with the division at Camp Adair, whose wife is jas gistant Salem public librarian, commanded troops credited With r cleaning out approximately 200 Germans holed up in strong points at Arnoldsweiler, two miles north of Dueren, Associated Press dis patches said. - ' the Germans still are putting up fight foe part of the town. w7 r rnn U. S. Uses Iwo Jima Airfield Marines Capture Important Hill Position on Isle ABOARD ADMIRAL R. K. TURNER'S EXPEDITIONARY FORCE FLAGSHIP OFF IWO JIMA, Tuesday, Feb. 27-(P-"We expect to Uke this Island In a few more days," Lt Gen. Hol land M. Smith, commander of the marine expeditionary force on Iwo Jima, said today. By Leif Erickson U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEAD QUARTERS, Guam, Tuesday, Feb. 27-(fl3)-Iwo Jima's captured south ern airfield was put to American use for the first time Monday while doughty US marines ad vancing up to 400 yards captured an important bill overlooking most of the remaining Japanese positions. Adm. Chester W. Nimitz report ed today mat two-seater marine observation planes were using Mo toyama No. 1 while Third marine division elements won most of the second airfield, Motoyama No. 2, in the center of the bitterly-con tested island. Use of Motoyama airfield No. 1 indicated tnat iignters soon may be flying off that major airdrome, 750 miles from Tokyo. Third division marines under Maj. Gen. Clifton B. Cates cap tured hill 382, east of the central airfield. Militarily, the hill is as great a prize as captured Mt, Suri- bachi. From it artillery observers will be able to direct murderous fire on Japanese positions. Opposition to the accelerated American push increased through out the day. The deeplyi-entrench-ed enemy threw a heas'y rain of artillery shells and rockets at the advancing Yanks in the eighth day of this fiercest fight of the Pacific war. Solons Debate Manpower Bill Don't Agree WASHINGTON, Feb. 26 -(JP)- Senators opening floor debate on manpower legislation attacked the pending measure vehemently from both sides today as too drastic and as too mild to be effective. A majority of the voices raised were in favor of less mandatory control. Senator Bailey (D-NC) protest ed at the outset that he saw little "compulsion" in ttie legislation Bailey is a backer of a "work-or- jail" bill aimed at employes, simi lar to the house-approved measure which the senate military commit tee re-wrote completely. "The compulsion is on the-employer," Chairman Thomas CD Utah) of the senate committee re plied. RAF Attacks Convoy LONDON, Feb. 26 RAF coastal command aircraft contin uing their vigil against enemy shipping in the Skagerrak, attack ed a convoy of nine cargo vessels Sunday night and probably de stroyed at least three. The 70th, fighting- its .st ac tion as a division, was lying in the battle line along ridges near the German border at ' the Saar river and westward through the Forbach forest. ' , Several units of the" 70th were already battlewise from service as elements of the task force which won Wingen from the Germans in a bloody battle early in January. Decorations are now coming through for men involved in that three day struggle against Nazi SS (Elite Guard) troopers. The division now is commanded by Maj. Gen. Allison J. Barnett, former chief of staff in the south Pacific. . Barnett visited the For bach front this afternoon. At one point north of Spicheren, where the trailblazers can look down into the German valleys and see Saarbruecken, the division holds an area where a wooden plaque proclaims: "Here stood Adolf Hitler on Christmas, 193$." 7t Sees Fighting I Secretary of Navy James Forres- tal stands at a shift's rail 'off Iwo Jima and watches the bitter fighting an the Island. (AP wirephoto) I . I ; J i Isleto Secure Shipping Route MANIEA, Tuesday, f"eb. 27-(iP) Veteran 24th division troops, tak ing : the Japanese completely! by surprise, i invaded! small ! Verd Is land between Luzon and Mindoro Sunday to secure the Western end of the vital shipping route through the ; Philippines from the United States tq Manila ; . ,' : f - The Eighth arjny Yinks "went ashore with practically no loss," Gen. Douglas MacArthur said in his communique today; f He termed Verde, which flies midway ;.in : the narrow Verde is land passage, "the key!: to the con trol of the main navigational route through I the central Philippines." With the battle for Manila end ed. ' MacArthur i announced that 3056 Japanese dead had been counted 'pn Corregidor fortress, be sides the sealed-pff enemy troops who have : been blowing them selves up by touching off under ground Ammunition stores. f-: en Stone Skid Misiuig l Maj. Stephen A. Stone, jr, : 26, son of Ir; and) Mrs. ? Stephen -A. Stone, 373 Leslie st has been missing fin ; action since February 13 bverAustria,! his parents were notifiedfMonday by the war de partment, j - i ' f 1 An operations officer, Stone had been with! the 15th air force In the Mediterranean threatre since last autumn. Prior to that h had served 13 months in the Aleutians where he 'was awarded the- Air Medal for action against the en emy.' :.!; ; - . 1 1 " vvf'f - The Stones have two other sons both in ihe service, Norman Stone, Phi M c, USN, serving with the marines in the south Pacific, and PFC Jerry Stone, Fort Lewis, cur rently dn furlough here, j (Picture on page 2). Chancellor's Son Killed in Burma EUGENE, Feb. 26,-rCapt. Mau rice Harold Hunter, son oi gnan cellor Frederick; M. Hunter of the state system of higher education and Mrs. i Hunter, was killed at Lashu In the Burma road cam paign January 131. Word of his death Was. received Sunday by his parents- here., 5 " ' j f i . ; Captain Hunter was cited Janu ary 20 for his work in connection with the Burma road fighting, as an officer of the 475th regiment. and the Bronze Star is to be awarded to him posthumously. M. Donald Spepcer ', Dies in California ; LA JOLLA, I Califs Febv (Py-UlJ: Donald' Spencer, 65, for mer owner of I the Spencer, Ma chinery, company, Portland, Ore., died in a local hospital today aft er a brief illness, j i i . $v f i He had come here for his health. Funeral services will be held in La Jolla Wednesday.' : Steph 01 U!J'V Eilip in OS . i . i Get Back ftlacArtliur Turns Liberated Areas Over to Osmena' MANILA, Tuesday, Feb. 21-(JP) Gen. Douglas MacArthur, standing in war-scarred Malacanan palace, today turned the civil government for liberated areas of the Philip pines over to their president Ser gio Osmena, in a ceremony before wildly cheering Filipinos. MacArthur, after bitterly de nouncing the Japanese! for wreck ing Manila's churches, monuments and, cultural centers, lifted mili tary rule from the freed sectors and said the commonwealth is "at liberty to pursue its destiny in the family of free nations.! Men who fought with him at Corregidor and Bataan clustered around him and Filipino soldiers formed a guard of honor. . Osmena in replying spoke of MacArthur's ; military operations as a "crusade," urged all Filipinos to submerge political ' differences in quickly reviving their common wealth and expressed the hope that the United States can accord full freedom to the achipelago this year. 4000 Allied Prisoners Of War Transferred LONDON, ? Feb. 26-(P) -The British war office said tonight it had been informed that 4009 sick American and British prisoners of war have left Stalag 344 at Lam sdrf in eastern XSermany for an other German prison tamp as yet unknown. S Islands Berlin Tar get for Greatest Daylight Raid Ever Made Against Any German City i By Charles Chamberlain I LONDON, Tuesday, Feb. ST-CPrfefugee-choked Berlin was Jhe target yesterday for the greatest daylight raid ever made on any city, with nearly 2000 American heavy bombers and fighters dropping 3Q00 tons of explosives, and last night British Mosquito bombers followed up with two-ton block-busters. Three of Berlin's downtown mary objectives in: the great American raid, in which 16 bomb ers and seven fighters were lost. Crews of the i RAF Mosquitos said huge fires still were burning in ; the city when they swept across. t The mighty American Armada smashed at Berlin- without inter ference from a single enemy plane. Flak was described as only mod erate, i ' , I I never 'thought I. would see the day when we could attack Ber lin with so little trouble,"' com mented Capt Joy Smith of Weep Marineb Hoist Flag on Suribachi - ' ' X - " 1 - ' X i-: - x 1 United States marines of the 28th American flag step Suribachi, Iws Jims volcano, alter battling Japs to top of the crater. Phots by Joe Eo sen thai. Associated Press 'photographer an assignment with wartime picture pool, and trana ' mltted by navy radlophots from Guam to San Francisco.. (AP wlre ? photo) - (See "It Seems" colsmn). -: i -. . . ' ' Mill Vicious Dogs Cut Into Small Supply Of Mail Carriers WASHINGTON, Feb. 26.- The postoffice department called today for strict enforcement of its regulation barring mail deliveries to homes having vicious dogs. A total of 1,259 mail carriers were bitten by dogs in 1944. "We've lost about- 30,00 em ployees to the armed forces," an official sair, "And we simply can't afford to have carriers chew ed tip." " . ij- Nazis Report Action Flaming On Berlin Road LONDON, Tuesday, Feb. 27-ifl5) -German brodacasts said last night that heavy batteries had erupted on a 100-mile front along the Oder and Neisse rivers facing Berlin and Dresden, and declared that red army flanking forces to the north had speared to within 23 miles of Stettin, Pomeranian capital and Baltic port at the mouth of the Oder. Moscow did not confirm the nazi transocean agency's report of spreading tank; and infantry ac tions on the main front - - pos sibly a prelude; to an all-out so viet offensive by upwards of 1, 000,000 Russian veterans in the crack First White Russian and First Ukraine armies. Transocean said the First Uk raine army now had reached the Neisse "everywhere" along a 60 mile front south of the Oder con fluence, 50 miles southeast of Berlin, and that German and Rus sian armored forces w locked in a ' merry-go-round of death' as the Soviets attempted to force the river. j s railway stations were the pri ing Water, Neb, pilot of a Lib erator. ! . Mosquitos also bombed Nurn berg during the night The German "achtung" air raid warning service also tracked oth er formations of bombers over western Germany early in the night and radio stations at Ham burg, Stuttgart and Frankfurt-on- the-Main suspended broadcasting. The long-wave j Deutsehlandsender station which supplies news to most German cities also blacked out,'.-' v , regiment. Fifth division, hoist the Tax For Schools Planned Xiegislative Com " mittees Will Ask For Referendum A special election regarding a five-mill property tax and a to bacco tax on dgarets, designed to raise an additional $14,000,000 for schools and institutions in the next two years, appeared a possibility today. ) . : The legislature's joint ways and means and tax committees Monday voted to recommend passage of both plans, which would have to be referred to the people. The money would go for needy school districts, the higher educa tion building program, and build ing plans for state institutions. Added Money Asked The joint committees also decid ed to recommend that schools be given an additional $3,000,000 a year of surplus income tax. They now get $5,000,000. The added in come is expected to disappear af ter the war. The five-mill property tax would be for but two years, with an ex pected $10,000,000 revenue in a biennium and proponents said they expected it to be offset by income tax collections. The tobacco tax would be on a permanent basis, with expecta tions of $2,000,000 revenue a year by a levy of 2 cents a package on cigarets. A tobacco tax plan was defeated In 1942. Would Finance Plan The suggested $10,Q00,000 prop erty tax income, coupled with $3, 000,000 available in the state budr get, would finance the proposed 10-year $8,000,000 building pro gram of the state board of higher education and the $5,000,000 plan for new buildings at state institu tions. The new tax suggestions came from Sen. Dean Walker of Inde pendence, chairman of the senate ways' and means committee. A move in the house Monday to petition congress for a referendum on a proposal to limit federal in come, gift and inheritance tax to 25 per cent was beaten 48 to 10. Toaay 5ist or the session senators and representatives start working without pay. (Legislative news pages 5 and 10). Most Oregon Counties Raise Chest Quotas All Oregon counties, with the exception of two, raised- their quo tas in the Oregon War chest cam paign last fall, Executive Director Irl S. McSherry reported at the annual meeting of the state chest held at the capitol Monday. Plans for next autumn's campaign, laid at a recent conference in New York attended by McSherry, were presented to the organization and to the directors, whose session fol lowed. ; , ! Lyle Thomas of Polk county was elected secretary to succeed Mrs. Marguerite Staek of Tillamook, who; declined re-election. Other officers were re-elected. Charles A. Sprague, Salem, was- named president; Frank J. Lonergan, Portland; O. A. Houglum, Eugene, and Burt K- Snyder, Lakeview, vice presidents; J. J. Card, treas urer! Other members of the exec utive committee are Elliott R. Cor- bett, Portland; A. L. Schroeder, Baker; Nathalie Panek, Portland; Robert W. Sawyer, Bend; and James T. Marr, Portland. - , Syria Declares War Against Axis Nations - LONDON, Feb. 26--Syria to day .became the third middle east nation within four days to declare war .on the Axis."., .:;.-- ' The Beyrouth radio announced the Syrian president in a 20-min-ute speech to the chamber of dep uties had asserted that since the beginning of hostilities Syria had placed all resources at Allied dis posal and now wished to take an active part in the, struggle. ! Partly Qoudy today, - becoming clear . in the afternoon in the mid-Willamette area, predicts the U. S. weather bureau, McNary field, Salem. r 1 i : ; . American Within Ten Miles Ninth Army Apparently Makes Breakthrough; Third Advances; Canadians Resume Offensive By Austin PARIS, Tuesday, Feb. 27 drove troops and tanks within lO'i miles of the great Rhin city ot Cologne last night and pounded it with heavy gun while the' Ninth army on the north achieved gains which t field officer said appeared to be a breakthrough six miles) from the vital Ruhr basin. ! ?: With four allied armies on front, German Field Marshal rally his disorganized forces in an order of the day calling on them to defend the Ruhr's approaches to the last man, say ing that otherwise all was lost. Front dispatches said the US Third army appeared to have achieved a second breakthrough 60 miles south of the ' First army, where in a seven-mile surge tanks and troops broke across both the Pruem and Nims river and were swiftly j enveloping the enemy's Eif el mountain stronghold of Bit burg. Canadians en Move The Canadians First army re sumed Its offensive on the north flank and behind a mighty bar rage fought three and a half miles southeastward within a dozen miles of the Ruhr and cracked Into the bitterly-defended town of Calcar. j . I Plowing 27 miles into Germany, the First army drove two spear heads within a dozen miles of the great arsenal city of Cologne. The Ninth army on the north was six miles from-the Ruhr foundries at Muenchen-Gladbach, had fought clear through the minefields and was overrunning anti-aircraft po sitions rarely captured in battle. ! Reports from both the First and Ninth army fronts told of rapid deterioration of the German po sitions, and a Ninth army officer declared: "There is no organized line in front of us, and it appears we have a breakthrough." 38 Towns Fall - The i front now was 40 miles Wide beyond the Roer and 38 or more German towns fell during the day. Tanks and troops, sweep ing over .trenches and fortifica tions, were three to four miles at four points from the Erft river, last-ditch enemy line before the Rhine, j ! r Sixty; miles to the south, the US Third army broke loose on a seven-mile near breakthrough in the Eifel mountains that shredded the enemy's Pruem river defenses and was driving before it German for ces so bewildered that it was dif ficult to say where they could make a stand. Curfew Rule Made Stricter ii --.' ;'!' :j WAStHNGTON, Feb. 26-(P)-The government tightened up the midnight curfew rule just before it went; into effect tonight, j The Office of defense transpor tation Warned that taxicab drivers serving: establishments violating the curfew stand to lose their car rations.' '"' j ; ODT Director J. Monroe John son asked all cabbies "to comply fully with the spirit of the regu lations.';? ' All hope of last-minute changes in the 'decree, to relieve the dis comfiture of the stay-out-late pub lic, vanished. : Montague Lord o f Salem Among Internees Liberate By Rossell Brines i U. S. 41ST FIELD HOSPITAL,! LUZON, P. I., Feb. 25 -(Delayed) (i?)- The Philippine sugar outlook is not promising .at ; present be cause of, the war ravages and the Japanese occupation,, - Montague Lord of Salem, Ore and Hono lulu, said today. He was, among the internees liberated at the Los Banos Interment camp. . Lord is the son of the late W. P. Lord,! aj former i governor .' of Oregon and lambassador to Argen tine , under the McKlnley and Theodore . Roosevelt administra tions, fce and W. IL Babbitt of Honolulu, also one of the rescued. are joint representatives' of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters associa Uon in the Philippines. Lord plans to remain in the Troops Bealmcar 1 - (AP) The US First array; the offensive on a 200-mila Karl Von Runsledt sought to ARC Officers ; X All Re-elected For New Term Justice George Rossman was re elected to the Marion County Red Cross board for three years, un-' der new by-laws adopted at- last night's meeting setting staggered expiration dates for terms of. di rectors. He was ;also re-elected chairman at the annual meeting in the Carrier room of the First Methodist church.; ' ; Wfiiiam Hamilton and Milton Myers, first and second vice presi dents, respectively," were re-elect ed for two years;" Mrs. Ronald Jones and Lynn Smith, secretary and treasurer, respectively, for on year' each., ; f . Edwin Carroll,: assistant man- ager of the Pacific area office ot the American Red Cross, told how the ARC reaches men and women on world battlefronts with th small comforts their families and friends would like to provide but cannot send. Orpha Dasch. home service worker, in the ebsence of Judge George Duncan, home serv ice chairman, told of the work of that department. t More than 10,000 pints of blood were given through the Red Cross in Marion county last year, Mil ton Myers reported. One hundred thirty-two Marion county womeo, are active nurses' aides, said Mrs. y Floyd Utter. Eight certified In- structors are offering Red Cross home nursing classes in the county Mrs. W. Or iWiddows reported. , . L ; t Churchill WiW Give Important LONDON, Feb. 26 - W) - Prime1 Minister Churchill will open in commons tomorrow Britain's most important foreign policy debate ot the war with the first public ac count by one of the big three on, the Crimea conference. j a He may incorporate, one of his famous progress : reports on the war's developments, and his state ment is awaited with hopes h may shed new light on plans for establishing solid peace. j London's diplomatic colony . particularly those of the smaller nations counted ! upon obtaining; hints that will help them prepare for the San Francisco world s- curity parley. - ; f " J Islands - and continue with th HSPA. At 64 he is in good health although he lost 50 pounds whfls interned. - - 1 "The best information . is that the HSPA mill property ths Hawaiian-Filipino sugar central at Sflay, on : the west coast pt Negros Island - was totally ruin ed," said Lord. "I believe it was ' damaged by Filipino guerrillas who were attempting to prevent Its use by the Japanese, and later by the 'Japanese 'v";.;v-; WTf -4 ( Lord added that it will take at least two years to get sugar crops from the HSPA plantations be cause most of the sugar - lands were converted by the Japanese into 'totally fruitless, attempts to grow cotton. " V - i tSe also page X.) ' . I -v Speech Today -1