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PCUNDDD
N1NETY-FOUBTH YEAR
20 PAGES
Salem, : Oregon. Sunday Morning, February 25, 1945
Prlc 5c
No. 233
0hh (i ;m
V S-J X XT J)
, 1651 r . j - i
1 A doughfoot gets out of the
tnny, or a seaman gets a dis
.kara from the navy. He has
-heard about the GI bill of rights,
He has heard that it makes avail
able loans to a veteran for acquir
ing a home, ajarm, business or
equipment and livestock. He finds
a chance to buy a service station
or to buy a truck and go into con
tract trucking. He gets circulars
which advise him that the govern
ment does not loan money to him
directly, but that he should go to
some lending agency. -
' So he goes in to see the banker.
The banker asks him if he has
- any capital of his own.
: "No," says the veteran. "I'm just
out of the service, and aside from
a, small amount of money to run
me till I get set up I haven't any
capital." - ;
"Have you had any -experience
in running a service station, or
doing contract hauling?" the bank
er asks.
; - "No, replies the veteran.. "I
went4 right out of school into the
service. I have done odd jobs, but
have not managed a business of
" my own. I feel sure I can suc
ceed, however, because tm will
ing to work hard and save my
money." i
' That Duts the banker, not the
veteran, on the spot
For the government has encour
aged the veteran to think that he
will be able to get a loan to start
In business. But the government
literature does stress the impor
tance of prior experience. But the
government doesn't guarantee the
loan which the banker may make
It tells the banker
; (Continued on Editorial page)
Marines Take
Southern Half
- .'
Of Iwojima
U. . PACIFIC FLEET HEAD
QUARTERS, Guam, Sunday, Feb.
25 -UP)- Tank-led marines, driv
ing against rockets, bazooka-type
guns and thick walled pillboxes,
captured the -south' half of Iwo's
central air field Saturday, backed
by a Fifth fleet so strong that
today a. powerful portion of it
once more is sending carrier
planes over Tokyo.
: Adm. Chester W. Nimitz dis
I closed in his regular morning
I communique the marines now own
virtually half of Iwo through ad
vances up to 500 yards Saturday
afternoon.
On Iwo Ihe marines are en
countering some of the most mod
ern weapons Japan has employed
jin the war. But the gains were
paid for in bipod every inch of
the way past pillboxes block
houses and fortified caves. On one
.flank alone 100 caves, 30 to 40
feet deep, had to be knocked out.
Bud Foster, NBS ' war corre
spondent aboard the expeditionary
flagship of Vice Adm. Richmond
Kelly Turner off Iwo, said today
the "final all-out drive", is on.
Warships of the fleet have mov
ed in closer to Iwo in backing up
the offensive.
Hitler Orders
Suicidal Fight
Until Finish
LONDON, Feb. 24 - (JPi - Adolf
Hitler told the old guard of the
Nazi party today that Germany
had taken such a "terrible" beat
ing that now "there, is no greater
terror in store for us," and he call
ed upon every ! man, woman and
child in the reich to fight until the
last breath, threatening shirkers
with death. ' ,
Hitler's speech to his old party
comrades on the twenty-fifth an
niversary of the announcement of
the ' national socialist ' program,
read for him by an aide and trans
mitted to the press by the German
DNB news agency, contained hints
of fear of an uprising inside Ger
many. . ; V ..j :": . . ,;-
Anyone who showed himself
coward, refused to join the volks-
iturm (home guard) or attempted
to .sabotage th fanatical defense
of the country would be annihilat
cd, Hitler warned.
Fay Humphreys
Killed in Action
On Western iFront
GATES, Feb. 24 Sgt Fay E.
Humphreys was killed in action
February 8 in LuxembourgY His
mother, Mrs. Mary A. Champ, has
been notified by the war depart
ment- ' - i
Sergeant Humphreys enlisted in
1940 in the coast artillery Where
he served three years. He was
transferred .and; sent overseas in
March 1944 and was with the
Invasion troops landing In Nor
mandy last June, and had been
with General Patton's Third army,
Besides his mother . survivors
are his twin sister, Ruth E. Bailey,
San Diego; three brothers. Lea M.
Humphreys, Toledo; L. w. Hum
phreys, Portland; and T5 Earle
E. Humphreys, Camp Howze, Tex.
' . . 4? ' ' ' ' ? ' - 1 t: - '. it - j : - . . .. ..
1600 U. S.
Airplanes
In Strike
Japs Call Blow
More Powerful
Than First One
By Al Dopklnx
U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEAD
QUARTERS, Guam, Sunday, Feb.
25-CP)-Vice Adm. Marc A. Mit
scher's world largest carrier task
force is sending waves of carrier
planes' against Tokyo today in
strength estimated by the enemy
at 1600.
Adm. Chester W. Nimitz an
nounced in a special communique
that Mitscher's mighty air arm
which kept the enemy fleet in hid
ing and overwhelmed Tokyo's de
fenses February 16 and 17 is back
at it again.
A, .Tokyo broadcast, made while
the raid was in progress, described
it as even in greater strength than
those of February 16 and 17 "which
destroyed or damaged 659 Nippon
ese planes and 36 ships, including
an escort carrier and three de
stroyers.
'Following the first raid with
carrier planes on February 16 and
17, thw time the enemy raided our
mainland with a sum total of
about 1600 planes," the broadcast
said.
"It is believed that these planes
had been giving aid to the opera
tions now foing frWr Iwo is
land." i . j ......
'Our air forces i are continuing
to corner these carrier planes at
each opportunity, and at this mo
ment fierce aerial ijnterceptive bat
tles are taking place," the enemy
claimed. j
The broadcast said the raid was
concentrated on the Kanto district
which embraces Tokyo and Yoko
hama. It includes! 10 neighboring
prefectures, j ,
Tokyo said the attack on the
city of 8,000,000 people began at
a.m.
Tokyo's claims drew no immedi
ate navy comment; The headquar
ters communique reported the raid
without elaboration.
Egypt's Prime
Minister Killed
CAIRO, Feb. 24. -!?)- Prime
Minister Ahmed Maher of Egypt
was shot and killed in the cham
ber of deputies tonight shortly
after he had read; a royal decree
declaring war on the axis.
.The prime minister had just
completed his reading of the de
cree by King Farouk and was
leaving the chamber when three
shots were fired at him from close
range. . ...
Witnesses said the assailant was
a 22-year old member of the ex
tremist party and some identified
him as a young lawyer. His name
was not announced, although he
was arrested immediately.
State of Emergency
Proclaimed in Bremen
By th Associated Press '
The Moscow radio in a German-
language broadcast yesterday said
state of emergency had been
proclaimed in the Bremen port
area f 0 1 1 o w i n g disturbances"
among German - sailors. - The
broadcast was recorded by the
federal communications commis
sion. '- ': r:'P ;v'vi?':-:?v j-
WLB Inspectors
Payroll
s of Salem Industries
To check payrolls of 16 Salem 1
industries in the first of a series
of wage compliance surveys in
Washington ' and Oregon, Inspec
tors of the wage and hour divi
sion, U. S. department of labor,
under FJwood Strumpf, Portland
supervisor, will begin a week's in
vestigation here Monday.
? William A. Babcock, jr., regian
al attorney of the northwest's 12
man regional war labor board, the
government agency in charge of
setting pay for 3,000,000 wage
earners in Washington, Oregon. and
Alaska, announced plans for'f-the
survey Saturday. . .
"Payrolls in Salem will be
checked," Babcock said, "to see if
(S)
Manila Completely
Liberated by U. S.
V
in 1
mi
Direct hits on: the wall of Los Intramoroa, such as the one pictured
I above, by American artillery batteries, paved the way for complete
liberation of Manila. This photograph was .taken with a telephoto
lens by a cameraman who was 500 yards from the target. (Inter
national) - : 1 jj : i ;
I ;!-." J By C. Tates McDaniel
MANILA, Sunday, Feb. 25
bodies of more than 12,000 Japanese, was completely liberated
Saturday three weeks to a day
The death gasp of the enemy's fanatical garrison was emit-
iea wiux ine?cemuries-oia waus
frightened and tortured civilians;
Service Galls
Of Men 30-33
Will Be Upped
I !By Sterling F. Green
I WASHINGTON, feb. 24
Selective service tonight ordered
increased drafting of men 30
through 33 years old, by permit
ting their deferment only If they
ire "necessary to" an essential in
dustry. . J'.'-.-l' I " --"8..
Heretofore men of that age only
had to be "engaged in" such an in
dustry. :i: .1 . -- - :
The new instructions to draft
boards meanjhat a larger number
Of the approximately 1,300,000
men in that age bracket holding
occupational deferments will enter
military service this year, a se
lective service; spokemari said. ; j:
While unable to estimate how
many of the 30-33's Will be needed
to fill the army's mounting man
power demand, the spokesman
called attention to testimony, of
Maj. Gen. Lewis B. Hershey, draft
director, last week that men over
30 would make up 30 per cent of
the entire draft call by the end of
this year. ;' - f r',f 'Vyg
Australian High Adviser
Liberated j From Nips
1 MANILA, P. I, Feb. 23 (De
layed) VP) )- A man who was
bunted by the ; Japanese police,
gendarmerie, land ' civil officials
throughout the conquered tetritory
Of Southwest Asia, was found safe
and well today , in the Los J Banos
Camp breathing easy for the first
iime n three? years of hide and
seek.!' - . v -i -
I He I is William Heath Donald,
Australian high adviser and friend
of Generalissimo and Madame Chi
ang Kai Shek. ; ir "
Will Check
wage increases have been granted
without approval of the regions!
war labor board and to assist em
ployers to comply with the govern'
inenfs wage stabilization regula
tions. The Investigation will in
Cludef canneries,, restaurants, auto
f epair shops, wholesalers, bottlers
building supply firms, department
stores, - retail! grocers, wholesale
grocers, .har4 ware! stores, " laun
dries! machine shops and sheet
metal shops, Babcock said.- -
! Inspections Jn Salem will he f ol
lowed by payroll checkups in Eu
gene and Portland, in Seattle, Ta
coma, Bremerton,; Everett and
Vancouver, according to Babcock.
on Di (sO 0
A
1 1
r - - A
- - f i
"1
r
1
- (1)Manilaf strewn with the
after Yanks first entered it-
oi we lnxramuxes wnere uuy
were rescued a day after, the
dramatic behind-the-lines libera
tion of 2146 civilians southeast of
the city at Los Banos.
The triumph was reported in
communique which pointed out
that Japanese losses on Luzon and
Leyte, far! exceeding 200,000, were
so disproportionate that early lib
eration of jail the Philippines is in
prospect, j
The communique also listed
more than 2000 on Corregidor in
Manila bay with other thousands
dead underground.
Grim-faced Yanks of Maj. Gen.
Robert SJBeigh tier's 37th (Buck
eye) and j Maj. Gen. Verne D.
Mudge's first cavalry divisions,
the first to enter Manila, slaugh
tered the last remnants of an en
emy, garrison; once estimated at
20,000. I j ' i '
Many more enemy dead remain
to be counted in the fire-scarred
and rubble-strewn city where "the
enemy apparently; expected to
turn the tide
of battle in a su
Geni Douglas Mac-
preme effort,'
Arthur announced today,
At Least 150
Blood Donors
Needed Here
Blood donated by residents of
this area 1 may save the lives of
men wounded on Iwo Jima today,
Red . Cross workers and Junior
Chamber j of Commerce members
declared Saturday las they asked
for 150 .additional persons to reg
ister Monday as donors. -
Only hy contributing the maxi
mum ZOO pints which can be taken
in the mobile unit when it oper
ates here Tuesday, can Salem ci
vilians feel that . they are doing
their share in this vital war serv
ice, E. J. Scellars of the Red Cross
and James Beard; Jaycee blood
donor committeeman maintain.
Registrations from all who be
lieve they are in condition to give
blood will be taken during office
hours Monday at Marion county
Red Cross headquarters, telephone
8277.'- ' j
U. S. Sends Sympathy
WASHINGTON, : Feb. 2l-HPh
Acting Secretary of State Grew
today messaged to Cairo the
"deep distress' of the United
States government because of the
assassination i of ! the- Egyptian
prime minister.
1
Spitzbart Elected
Leo Spit2bart, Salem, Oregon
state fair manager, has been elect
ed to the; directorate of the West
ern Fairs- association, according to
announcement made Saturday in
Sacramento. ' j r
t
1
era
Military Course J
In School, Equal
Pay Bills Lose 1
' y - T; !
By Wendell Webb
Managing editor. The Statesman
The- 43rd legislature, already
obviously tired, will work for pay
for the last day tomorrow the
50th of the session with every
prospect of two more weeks of
debate. . '. ' 1
The last week brought at least
some speed-up, however, as
evinced by the first Saturday af
ternoon session of the senate
which passed 22 bills, including
one (SB 183) to establish a second-injury
fund to limit employ!
ers' responsibility under work
men's compensation. The measure
now goes to1 the house. I
Equal Pax Bill Beaten
k The senate, by a vote of 13 to
13, defeated a bill (SB 239) which
would provide penalties for em
ployers who discriminated, in rer
gard to pay, - between men and
women doing the same work in
the same conditions. The defeat
was following by an announce
ment by Sen. William Walsh of
Coos Bay that he would request
reconsideration. T i . ,
. The senate comnleted consider
able .legislative action in approv
ing house bills authorizing a cen
sus of small ed cities to determine
prorated benefits (HB 15); limit
ing claims f of osteopathy (HB
211); increasing from $4800 to
$6000 the salary of senior office
of state national guard (HB 216);
letting teachers in the armed serv
ices accumulate teaching credits
(HB 330); giving state forestry
department a $100,000 revolving
fund (HB 218); limiting to three
years the time in which drivers
must remain under the financial
responsibility act (HB 5); extend
ing time in which cities may is
sue improvement bonds for post
war development (HB 298); and
providing for vitamin enrichment
of bread and flour (HB 225).
Health Bill Passes
.- s
The house by a standing vote
Saturday indefinitely postponed
(or killed) a measure (HB 167) by
Rep. Paul Hendricks which would
make military training compulsory
in Oregon high schools. The action
came on the adoption of a fdo
not pass? .report of the committee
on education, of which Rep. Lyle
Thomas of Dallas is chairman.
: Passed and sent to the senate
were such bills as those approp
riating $26,000 for public health
work in schools (HB 53); provid
ing, for an annual minimum li
cense fee of $5 on pleasure boats
over 16 feet long (HB 19.1); nam
ing a seven-person commission to
accept donations to -finance the
placing of the statues of two U
lustrious citizens of the state in
statuary hall in Washington (HB
348). J ;-, -
Final legislative, action . is still
to be, taken on such major- issues
as school financing, milk, control,
the tax .study, fireman's and po
lice pensions; the - educational
building; program and three-way
workmen s compensation. ' "
Heavy Day la Senate. .?
- The house, so far as final ac
tion on bills is concerned, has
light day in prospect tomorrow.
One : measure up fori final ote
would set a standard salary scale
for county school superintendents
(HB 147), based on school census.
Another, SJM 2,' calls for a com
mission to study Oregon taxes.
The senate faces a heavier cal
endar, including final action on
several f county salary measures
and, a series of school bills such
as those reducing the compulsory
school age' from S to 7 years, al
lowing up to five days of teacher-
training a year to be counted as
school attendance days, and per
mitting schools to take out acci
dent insurance for athletes.
. Both the senate and house will
resume at 10 a; m. tomorrow,".
,i (Legislative news page 11). -
Gear Today
except for? morning valley fog
in the mid-Willamette valley
area, predicts US weather bu
reau, McNary field, Salem.
Only One
More
Pay! Day
rr-zi - ' n i r '! i ;
j . ..... , .: .... . ,v . 1 , ' - . - It .
sr : 'i
Lara, Margarine,
Cooking Oil Points
Ordered Boosted I
WASHINGTON, Feb. 24. -jpd
The OPA tonight ordered a boost
in the ration point values on lard,
shortening, salad and cooking oils
and margarine, effective at 12.-01
a. m. Sunday. ;
The margarine value goes to
five red points a pound from
three. The ration cost of the other
products will be four red points
pound instead of two.
Butter,. not affected, remains at
24. points a pound,
3 Miles From
Breslau's Heart
LONDON, Sunday, Feb. 25-(P)4
Russian shock troops, . driving to
within three miles'" of the heart of
burning Breslau, yesterday hurled
the enemy out of 15 more blocks
in the Silesian capital, while other
Soviet forces pushed to within S3
miles south of Danzig. -
A front dispatch said that Red
army troops also had smashed in
growing strength across the Neisse
river andwere threatening Cottbus,
big rail center 47 miles from Ber
lin, but Moscow officially has not
confirmed this important develop
ment which threatens to turn the
reich capital's eastern defenses
along the stalemated Oder river
sector. " J .' "i":..
The raging battle in Breslau's
streets was the .main event men-J
tioned . by Moscow, and in their
smash 'into ! the southern part of
the bombarded city the Russians
captured the suburb of Oltaschin,
three and a half miles from the
heart of Breslau.
War Heroines
Of Philippines
Arrive Home
HAMILTON FIELD, Calif., Feb.
24 (JP) Heroines of Corregidor
and Bataan came home today. .; I
There were 68 of them, arriving
on two big transports and one
hospital plane 67 army nurses
and specialists and one Red Cross
worker. I
Back home! Away from the
blood and dirt of war.
Back home! Away from the
body and soul hunger of a prison
camp. " .: A ;: -v 1
"Back home? Oh, it's so good! It's
so good! .You just can't know!" j
Such was the refrain . repeated
again and I again by the women
who nursed the wounded and the
dying in the bitter, desperate days
of America's defeat and who-then
suffered - through - nearly three
years of Japanese captivity. i
Secretary Forrestal
Visits Guam, Iwo Jima
. U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEAD
QUARTERS, Guam, Feb.. 25
Secretary of the Navy James V.
Forrestal Is" at Guam for a series
of conferences with Adm. Chester
W. Nimitz after personally going
ashore at battle-torn Iwo Jima. i
The navy announcement said
that Forrestal had made the voy"
age to Iwo Jima on flagship
and: had visited ashore with the
marine. : ... ' , - "i
Soviet Troop
Distinguished Service Medal
Aicarded to General Rilea
WASHINGTON, Feb. 24r-(fl1)-f
Award of , the Distinguished Serv
ice medal to Brig -Gen. Thomas E.
Rilea, Oregon adjutant-general,
was announced today by the War
Department. r . f
X Eflea, former, assistant . division
commander of the 41st division,
was cited. for his work as com
manding general of the principal
army services of supply base in
Australia from February, 1943 to
November, 1944. if
MThrougii his sound judgment
and broad vision, said the cita
tion, ."he has made' an outstand
ing contribution to the success of
military operations against the en
emy in this theatre of war."
.The War Department credited
f Attack Progressing
As Favorably As !
Can Be Expected'
'Ike! Confident of Destroying
All Nazis West 6f
Within 19 Miles
5
PARIS, Sunday, Feb. 25 -
and Ninth armies plqnged nearly five miles across the Cologne
plain beyond the shattered Roer river defense line yester
day, engulfing 30 towns and villages and capturing thousands
of the German west bank Rhine force which General Eisen
hower declared he was going to destroy. ' f 1
At dusk .on the second day of the powerful push by
German account "the greatest offensive Eisenhower has ever
staged" American spearheads were 12 miles from the west
ern Ruhr basin and 19 from Cologne, and had won half! of
the Roer river bastion of Dueren.
Eisenhower confidently told a press conference: "Our
attack is progressing as favorably as can be expected. I ex
pect ;to destroy-e v e r y
German
west of the Rhine and in the area
in which we are attacking."
The thunderous i battle flamed
along a 22-mile front. Massed ar
tillery was smashing German vil
lages; in the path of. the surging
ground forces, and battle planes
bombed and machinegunned col
umns of Germans trying to reach
the front. Rail traffic was para
lyzed. Tactical air forces on the
continent flew 3315 sorties dur
ing the day, destroying thousands
of German vehicles on the high
ways and. hundreds, of " locomo
tives and freight cars on railways
behind the front ,
Nazis Rash Reserves
- A late report said that Marshal
Von Rundstedt was rushing Ger
man reserves from the south into
the battle on the approaches to
Dusseldorf and Cologne. Other
f 1
than this report there still was no
sign that the enemy was ready to
make a new stand.
Lt Gen. William H. Simpson's
Ninth army on the north flank of
the offensive gained momentum
after smashing through Baal, 12
miles southwest of Muenchen
Gladbach, an industrial city of
200,000 at the western fringe of
the Ruhr.
High ground was seized beyond
Baal land Simpson's troops were
astride the railway to Muenchen
Gladbach. They were 25 miles
from! the big Ruhr center of Dus
seldorf. "We're looking down their
throats," declared a high-ranking
staff officer. : .s
Hottorf Captured i
Three miles to ; the southeast
troops of the 102nd division cap
tured Hottorf, five miles north of
American-held Juelich, and ; also
completely ,, cleared the enemy
from Gevenich,- Glimbach,' Tetz,
Boslar and other villages in the
area.; Troops of this spearhead
also were about 25 miles from
Dusseldorf. '
' The capture of Hottorf and the
plunge beyond put the Americans
eight miles from the Erft river,
where a new German stand may
be. made 10 miles from the Rhine.
The - 102nd division alone took
more than 800 prisoners since they
jumped off 'east of Linnich, and
both the Ninth and LI Geh.
Courtney H. Hodges' First army
had taken at least 1400 in the
first 1 24 hours of ' the offensive.
Hundreds more ' were streaming
back into the prison pens yester
day.
Rilea, a veteran of the Buna-Gona
Sanda campaign, with speeding
troop; movement through his base
and Solving difficult supply prob
lems. He was complimented for
working out an extensive leave
p r ogr a m giving battle-weary
troops a chance for rest and rec
reation. : . -j.-.. . -
Rilea, whose home Is at Tigard,
Ore.," has been on sick leave from
Barries hospital' la 'Vancouver,
Wash., since February 13. He was
taken to . Barnes for , observation
when he fell CI while en route
to a new command hi the South
westj 'Pacific . Previously, Rilea
had suffered from attacks of trop
ical disease. I
Rliine; Allies
of Cologne
- (AP) The American First
Senate Delays:
Action on Bill
For Registrar!
; The senate held its political fire
Saturday in regard to the house)
bill (HB 306) to create a regis
rtrar of elections in-"Multncsmah
county and tabled the measure 25
to 4. Opposing fhe move were
Senators CornettMahoney, Wal
lace and Speaker Howard Bel ton.
The vote was on motion ofSen.
William Walsh of Coos Bay who
said he wanted more time to ascer
tain "what the merits are end
What the political aspects are"
Later, rising to speak under
personal privilege. Sen. Lew Wal
lace of Multnomah county called
the bill a "disgrace to intelligent
people," and Sen. Thomas Ma- .
honey of Multnomah county term
ed it a "spite bill." Both wanted
it killed rather than merely tabled.
House passage (40 to 18) of th
measure . precipitated a two-day
filibuster last week when demo
crats, -in an effort to force recon
sideration, demanded the full read- '
ing of every bill up for final
passage. i
Opponents of the measure have
contended it was purely partisan
and inspired by republicans as a
means to strip the county clerk
of Multnomah county of all au
thority over elections. I
(Legislative news page 11)
Allied Aerial
Offense Rolls
Past 12th Day
LONDON, Feb. 24V-Great
fleets of Allied planes kept the
wars most devastating air. offen
sive roaring through the twelfth-
straight day today with heavy
blows oh German submarine yards
and oil refineries, the Nazi warn
ings late tonight Indicated Mos
quito bombers were attacking Ber
lin again. . ' ' - . , ; ". "-
Allied tactical air forces on th
Continent flew 3315 sorties during
the day in close support of ground
operations and reported destroyed
or damaged 169 locomotives, 1259
feright cars, and more than 1000
motor vehicles.
Ninth air force marauders
bombed Clatten and Zultich, 28
and 22 miles southwest of Cologne,
and Rheindahlen, 13 miles west of
Dusseldorf.'
ARC Contributors
Eligible to Vote
All persons who contributed to
last year's American Red Cross
war fund are members of the or
ganization and eligible to vote at
the , annual meeting,; of Marion
county chapter Monday night at
the Carrier room of the First
Methodist- church, officers" an
nounced Saturday. Edwin Carroll, -assistant
manager of the Pacific
area office of the Red Cross, will
be the speaker. The meeting has
been called fcr 8 o'clock.
-If;
4i