PACE rODH The OSSGO STATESMAN. Salea. Oroa, Saturday Morning, January . WAC la Italy Hay Scurenlr to Prove ; Nearness to Acfion C. V':-.'"-" v'r ,.,.AT.TIIEFBONTl M Faipor Sways Us; No fear Shall Aid From First Statesman, March 23, 1831 -1 r I - i1 H THE STATES3IAN PUBLISHING C03IPANY CIliilLES A. SPBAGUE, Editor and Publisher ' i Member of the Associated Press " ! The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to tha use for publication! of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited In this newspaper. -1 Swiss Neutrality " i From the standpoint of international law the United States can maintain no case against Switzerland for selling supplies to Germany. Switzerland is a declared neutral andas such is free to trade with any belligerent with which it can do business. Since Germany is right at its border there has been no interruption in 1 trade with country because of the war.- I . The United States may not like to see Swiss food and other products going to Germany, but -s i Inter-allied Criticism ! In the present period of free-for-all criticism some of the British are sriapping at the United Sattes for its scolding at the British.! London papers both conservative :and liberal tike occa-" sion to lecture the United States on it own de ficiencies, i : i j ;; .j a. ; "y I The fact is that we have ;this criticism com ing. The London Spectator, for instance, in quires "What does America" want?". : We must admit that our president has been secretive and unresponsive in defining the foreign policies of' unless it can maintain effectivelblockade of-1Tesponflve fining the foreign policies of Germany it cannot stop the shipments. Under .tSSt! Switzerland .-la -orUhin it. t" " W .ngwu. . ..... j . . Another enticisn international ' law Another .criticism leveled at the United States a i k .tits 7l i Another criticism leveled at tl n Hl ., c: ' . iS..,: that Europe never can be sure that the United nitelv refuse to arJnl man f Lv nat Stf wlU carr3r through; on its obligations to nitely refuse to accept demands of any nature In the early period of the war there was fear lest Germany would occupy Switzerland and thus destroy one of the old and true democracies of Europe. Fortunately no such occupation was carried out. At that period the Swiss govern ment seemed to show favor toward the nazis, perhaps because of the fear based on its prox imity to the triumphant Germans. In later days no complaint has been heard until the an nouncement that the United States is curtailing its shipments of goods to Switzerland in reprisal for the latter's trading with Germany. That is, of course, within our rights under international law, and if such supplies are proving of direct, assistance to Germany their curtailment is in order. j The warring world, however, remains in con siderable debt to Switzerland. It j furnishes a home for the International Red Cross which ex tends its army of mercy to all belligerents. It is helpful in the handling of work for War Prisoners' aid. Without the help oi these inter mediaries for which Switzerland offers haven, " the lot of prisoners would be much poorer-i Our nation needs to keep this in mind1 as it scruti nizes the manifest of shipments td Switzerland . News Discrimination ; . Correspondents accredited to army headquar ters, in France are boiling oyer with indigna-l t ion, both over the news suppression which has prevailed since the beginning of the German of- fensive and second over the discrimination ins the release of news. The censorship" has been! rigid, for a while blacking out all news of the! i preceding 48 hours. More reprehensible has been the reported discrimination. The British Broadcasting corporatipn, a British government agency, has been getting and giving out news before it has been released to correspondents. Sometimes releases were denied even after BBC had put the stories on the air. ! Just now Time magazine broke the story of the appointment of Field Ma rsKal Sir Bernard ' Montgomery as commander of the northern field armies, but the chief of army public re lations at Paris, Brig. Gen. Frank A. Allen, re fuses to permit correspondents to send the story out until an official chronology is made public. The report intimates that Time and United Press, which also used the story, broke the re lease date. But why was there any withholding of the announcement from Dec. 20 to Jan. 5? The correspondents feel they have a duty to the public and are as conscientious in discharg ing that duty as any professional group. - They chafe under censorship, though they recognize the need to preserve military security. Their ire rises against news discrimination. This un fairness will be understood $y the general pub " lie' Perhaps combined protests may obtain re sults. . -.- . . . . In the Baby Berry lease in Los Angelks the jury couldn't deride jwhether it was Charley Chaplin or two other men. But the casefdidn't show the one-time poor little boy of the London music halls in very good light Editorial Comment DANGER SIGNALS V : ri ' A recent morning's grist of news contained two warnings of gathering opposition toa world secur ity, organization One was voiced by John W. Da vis, one time candidate for president, ambassador to London and solicitor general of the United States. The other came from Capt Eddie Rickenbacker, that colorful figure whose adult life seems to have oeen a series of escapes from death. help implement the neacei Without doubt many European, leaders fear that once the wju? is over and our armies back homej the United States win let Europe stew in its own juice. Such be ing the case they do not relish much advice from this country on how postwar Europe should be set np. And this criticism has validity. This mutual exchange should not become a narne-calling brawl, pit should result id a clear ing jof the atmosphere, and, let us hope, in a; fresh statement of policy which: the peoples of Britain and the United States can support with out compunction. ' j J " ' We have no desire to jpfropagate any anti British feeling in this country or any inti-Rus-siant feeling. But we must retain our! own in dependence of thinking and, be ready to speak out if any of our allies embark; on policies we believe would be injurious to the war or detri mental to peace. : ! j 'S j It is now announced that President Roose veltwill address the nation (on Saturday even mg next, summarizing hts message to! congress scheduled for that day. jit Is expected he will devote considerable time to 'matters of our for eign policy. We hope he will and that he will nM talk in his frequent "paddy-knows-besf. manner. The people of the United States are mature, and they are deeply prred by the trend of political events more concerned about them thjan the current military situation. Unless the president speaks out clear and strongl the con clusion in the public mind will be deepened. This nation and the world await word from'the man in! the White house, lately so sphinx-like. jShoe stores are having! a- run on -shoes as pajtrons rush to! converts coupons ihto foot wear. A real run would! start if non-run ny lons were offered at hosiery counters; Interpreting j The Warlftews : i: ' ' K1RKE L. SIMPSON I Plagued by appalling winter weather, the battle of the Belgian bulge is building toward a climactio clash. ,5 S.-j .j -j ; German and Allied observers alike have heralded it as the most decisive action o the war in the west. Pn its outcome largely may hinge the duration? of the war in Europe. : Belated disclosure from AK lied supreme' headquarters.! oi, British as well as American forces now engaged, and of a shift in highest field assignments that divides the bulge frcbt into north and south flank sector, the one un der British and the other under American! top oper ational command, definitely changes the whole strategic picture. , j j : It goes far to confirm the view that S the great AUied pincer operation against the narroW and vul nerable waistline of the Nazi bulge into Belgium marks far more than an attempt to regain lost ground and restore the situation prior tcf the Ger man break-throush I smash I in mid-rwmKr it looms now as a full scale! Allied offensive, not merely as a counter-attack, S I j j It is now disclosed, that British troops had ar rived to back up the shaken American First army ori the critical northern flank of the German break through within 43 hours of the first Gerrhan onset The assignment fof British Field Marshal Montgom ery to command of all Allied; forces on that flank es well as the whole northerii end of the Allied lines came at the same time, j j . The; situation then developing in Belgium war ranted the command shift ripening enemy pen etration of American First army lines near the. left centerj of its previous wide front had made quick communications difficult ; Division of he bulge front enabled the two topfield commandeb to con centrate on their own speciffc tasks, not only for the defensive phases of the tight; but in prepara tion for the concerted offensive now developing. 9ccius ueax mat more than a routine emer- over "I wood; Distributed br tine Features Rndipst j. br imntmat wit Tha Wuaiactoa 8u i Stop t Look ! Listen ! Here are tvojnn rt vacttv itiffannt 4in - --- . ' ciear uiai more i nan a routine emr- ment and background, each ha. the eapacity to see ' gene shift in command due tb conmnmSoTdli- . -' cm.u u tmw was mvoivea. The fact that it took nlan ul:i J A . . . T The warnings the courage to tell what he sees, they voice are timely. . Mr. Davis lived through and was a participant In the stormy debate of twenty-five years ago over the League of Nations and American adherence to the Versailles treaty. Undoubtedly- he is . well aware of the forces which at that time defeated American adherence to that international arrange ; ment .and possibly he sees the same .forces in op eration today, i Moving picture versions to the contrary, it was not the cabal of some little group that defeated Woodrow Wilson's plans. They were defeated be cause the sentiment of the country, at first over whelmingly in favor of the league, gradually turn ed. That can happen again and for the same rea sons. . C t r ...,w ., , Capt Eicken backer mentions another of the for ces -that turned American sentiment in 1819, the returning soldier. He says bluntly that the faith of American boys to American 'ways and instifu- ' tions may be so strengthened by their stay on for eign soil in association with other peoples that they may very readily: subscribe to a hands-off policy In world affairs.'. ' Certainly the returning soldier of 1919 was in that frame of mind and it will be a miracle if simi lar influences do not operate to place the soldiers of this .war in a similar mood. "'.Capt Rickenbacker is in a position to know what he talks about wjtQ tne notaoie exception applying to Cordell Hull and his successor, Mr. Stetunius, it has seemed to many that American foreign relations have been conducted with the purpose of mystifying and con foundir. the critics of the administration rather than with the purpose of evolving a foreign policy, which the country ' will understand and accept Unless that atmosphere is cleared away, we may expect the events that Mr. Davis and Capt Rick enbacker fear. Wall Street Journal. - . - within 48 hours after the fa ctmirfc- snH kM w fuU scope and weight of his blow and the size and nature of the forces he had frtmmitted to the at tack Was becoming apparent i probably significant Thatjword of the command change and also of the arrival of British troops was sf long withheld at su preme headquarters is also important j Out of all circumstances now revealed can be deduced the impression that a major poUcy decision was made by the highest Allied military ? command even before the German drive had begun to slow down. While it was hinted af in Eisenhower's sub sequent confident order to ill his troops, onl now does a glimpse of its far-reaching naturl begin to appear, and of the moves made behind the lines to implement that change in plans promptly and ef-v f ectively. : :M t l-p- : v; f-- ? J ':- There seems no longer question that all previous waiter offensive plans were Shelved by the Allies as soon as the true nature of the German thrust was revealed, j The risk the foe fas taking T weU as the'grave threat his deep but narrow drive into Belgium held for vital ABiedlcommunicaiions must have been the dominant factor considered in Al lied councils. i .-..:; The judgment, later' expressed by Eisenhower lYour Federal Income Tax when And where ! j TO FILE RETURNS Income tax returns of citizens and residents of the ; United States are . required by law to b made on or before the 15th. day of f lthird" month follow ing the close of the taxable year, ! which foil most todividuals is I the calendar year. Accordingly, . returns (for the calendar year ;1944 must in general be filed not latethan midnight of Thurs day, Mirch 15, 1945. j f However, if a taxpayer who is required to file an original or amended declaration of estimat ed tax by January 15,1 1945, files his annual income tax i return for 1944 (on Form 1040) and pays al tax due by January 15, his return will serve as both a 1 return and declaration and he 'need not file! the 1944 declara tion. This applies to farmers who chose to defer filing declarations ; last 'April 15; others who filed 1 1944 declarations but desire to change their estimates by filing amended declarations; and all persons; who owe the final in stallment of 1944 estimated tax. Non-resident aliens who are 1 residents of Canada or Mexico, jand whose wages are subject to j collection of United States in come taxes at the source by with- holding under the pay-as-you-go system, jare also required to file y , their returns ! at the same time j as United States citizens and res idents generally that is, by JMarch 15J;945. ' I' If a taxpayer died in 1944, his final return should be filed by jhis executor or administrator on for before March 15, 1945.! f I . Members: of the military or naval forces who, when the re jturn is .due, are on active duty ; outside the Americas or the con tinental United States (the states and District j of Columbia), or are on (see,; duty, may postpone s filing returns and making pay ments of tax until the 15th day of the jfourth month following the month in which they - cease 5to serve on sea duty or outside the continental United States, but not; beyond the 15th day of :the third month following l the month n i which the war offi cially jends. , I This postponement applies also :to civilian employes of the Unit led States government or of fed eral agencies; who are detained (by an enemy. ':" In unusual circumstances a ' resident individual may be grant- ' ed an extension within which to, file a return, upon application ito the collector of internal reve- . :nue for his district, if appro priate reasons are shown. If the News Behind the News n . By PAUL MALLON . ' . (Distribution by King Features Syndicate; Inc. Reproduction to whole :''"- ! ': ' "" j or in part strictly prohibited.) ; WASHINGTON, Jan. 4 .The thinking Mr. Byrnes, assistant president pame out straight for honest equal treatment of "the Avery and Petrillos alike" in the public interest ! ' Advocacy ' of equal justice far unions .: as well as man agements start ed an immedi ate controversy within the I ' -I Mallo Paul administration. Mr. Byrnes had said one way to ac complish like justice was through congressional enactment of a law opening the courts to ' both parties. v ; ' At once war labor board mem-, ber Davis j(who let the Petrillos get away with defiance of his board but got the troops in upon the Averies) said such a law would tie up enforcement in the courts and hinder his purpose of , adjusting labor disputes. h j ; Thus the old political game of rag-ma -tag proceeds into a new phase. . i. : ... ; : At toe time PetriUo was defy ing WLB, and maintaining his victorious strike 'against its or der, Mr. Roosevelt claimed there was no law to make PetriUo obey. Thus the public must pay a few cents tribute on every rec-' ord it buys forever to Mr. Pe triUo, for no service whatever in its interest j . ' ;: ' ' r But there . was a law which would have brought him to terms this very ; war labor board; act True enough, congress did! not intend the act should be used to "seize labor unions as Mont-f "gomery Ward has been seized. 1 Yet the administration stretch-' ed the intent of congress to a: rather far-fetched interpretation to get the army into Montgomery Ward, s Congress said the seizure power should not be used except to a war, industry." The retail stores of I Montgomery Ward i would hardly seem to be war in- . dustries. ' j ' " , ' - .The public knows what kind of goods it buys from those mail order ' and department store -: . ; j) ... ' extension is granted, the 'tax-' payer is subject to an interest charge of $ per cent per annum: on the amount of tax payable,! from toe original due date until; 'iwud.' f:'-; -1;,:,:::'''v;';!',:'''S:-:''j , If returns, are filed by mail, they should be mailed in ample . time to reach the nearest col-! -lector's office under ? ordinary handling of the mails on or be-! Ifore due date. ' f ! benaJ WOI ha 'houses garden implements, clothes, 1 practically everything saleable, except war industry products; Yet Attorney j General Biddle legalized Ijhe seizure by ruling the stores as war indus- -;v : : )'' ': v- -.; Economic Stabilizer j Vinson established ' exactly the same government position on the Pe triUo strike. He publicly de nounced : the musicians'! ; walkout as impeding the war effort Mr. foosevelt thus could have seized radio station by stretching the law no further than in the Mont gomery Ward case. t It he had, PetriUo and his un ions would have been subject to ties, fines and jail for not king. Army officers could ve moved in upon OPetriUo's office, demanded .his books, is- ,' sued orders to him to send his Sen back to work. It could op ate his union or any other striking union in the same loose way. Montgomery Ward is being , directed.' j. -,. ;;,;' ... What the government needs is not a law, but the desire to act which has been absent so far." Some outward signs ' imply Byrnes was merely allowed to speak his personal mind in ex pectation that the labor, board would block him in congress or otherwise, and the matter shoved down to a plane of endless con troversywithout action. I do not think so. The govern ment had got itself into such an unreasonable and dangerous la : bor. ; situation, ' something will . Jiave to be done, v r , j ,.f I Take the Monkey Ward case, ' as it should be called,' because it has without ' doubt resembled from the beginning a drama to a monkey house more than adult human action.: ;;. ;f, '! The real reason the govern ment went in there this time was to give the workers a Taise. That is the main physical change dis- By Rath Cowan (SubsUtuting tor Kenneth 1 Dixon) ADVANCED 5TH ARMY HEADQUARTERS, Italy, ! 1ec-31-(Delayed)-(JP-WACs on the. job here have a souvenir to their orderly tents that proves they've been under bombardment If A four-inch bomb frag ment; - that came slashing . Into their; tent on a recent afternoon wheel some Jerry planes were this way. . was just putting some Into the stove." related CpLi Bertha Audet of Manches ter,? NH. "When tne Domn xeu. I plopped down on the ground, : then j this piece came singing to . j i whewr Other fragments likewise slit holeai in several other tents in thejWAC area, but none of the women soldiers was injured. The' story of this small detach ment of WACs, mainly employed in communications, could be called: "From a Palace to a Tenf After four months to North Africa they landed in Naples on Nov. 15, 1943. For a few months 1 they lived to an Italian palace. As: advanced headquarters rnpved forward, this group, com manded by Lt Vivien Watson of Wayhetown,"IncL, moved with It and jinto tents. ; i These tents are pitched, at the moment high up in the Ap 1 pennies. Life is a saga of j mud when it rains, but now and it's no iilitary secret to the enemy " it'i snow, sleet fog and bitter cold. ing to get up to the morning and build a fire to the small round tent stove is to burn down the tent- . j CpL Marcflle Crawford of Sarasota, Fla, did Just that ' She lit a fire to the late after noonend overdid the job. When herV tentmates, .CpL Murial Sneed of Sprague, Ala Dora Rogers of Newcastle, Wyo . and Daisy Jessup of Bremerton, Wash, "gt home ifrom .work," they had no home and very lit tle wardrobe. . .. Losing their clothes was very serious. Trucks rushing up these mountain . highways bring ra tions, ammunition . and soldiers but no feminine clothes. But other WACs shared with the un fortunates, until they could get to town for new supplies. Marcflle ' Isn't building the fires t anymore. ; ; r PFC Dorothy Carpenter of Newport News, Va, unwrapped a Christmas package, looked at the contents and sadly shook herJiead. "People at home," she com mented, "have the 'strangest ideas of what we want or can use." -:.. - ; The gift was a box of bubble bath the stuff that whips up into rniUions of tiny bubbles in a ' hot bathtub. In these moun tains, there , isn't any bathtub. Bubble baths aren't, practical in a helmet and they don't work in the headquarters' shower bath either. "-. The WACs live four to a tent ; and one way to get but of hav- .: ' I - - !-:- ceouple in the initial action. The : management employes, and bus : inesa were left (while conform-. ; ing) j substantially the same as j bejore, with the one main differ- enye -the workers got a raise, i ut the government's excuse for jmoving was that a strike there was impeding' the war ef fort or threatening to. Yet it did not move against strikers. It seized the management . The workers cheered; when the gov i ernment came in. . j Thus the government has got itself into a position where it must serve the unions, more than the public. If Monkey Ward had cheated the public on prices, it would be taken to court But if it cheats" the union, (not! say ing it did) the government seizes -it; . .. . ,i -. ; j ,!; : . The unions thus have more power than either the govern ment or!,the public. They can not lose. If the WLB decision goes! against them, they can do what PetriUo did, hang on until the companies are forced to pay. . If thiey win WLB, the army will enforce the decision. Even a labor government like this -one win not long care to play second fiddle to union lead ers, j The unions are clearly get ting jout of its hand and power beyond Its legal reach, with a wave of strikes expected by ev 1 eryone as soon as V-E day . Therefore I look for Mr. Roosevelt one way or another, to seek and get more power,r at least more of a legal excise from congress, to keep the un ions In line his line. He is now a prisoner to theirs. I i nrni-mra The Literary Guitfepdst fTHE YOUNG IDEA" ; By Blossler the aU-out nature of was that the chance and now weU blue-printed to the! Allied counter-off ensiveJ r presented to come to grips wth the enemy to the open, not against his deeply fortified Siegfried line positions should not be lost Destruction of enemy armies, not capturrof key tons or forts,; is the ob jective of all warfare. Enough of the floW of the German army to the west has been committed to the Belgian bulge operation to warrant a major AlSed effort to smash it utterly. Nazi commentators so interpret Allied offensive rnaves. They say with good reason that the rnos titahtie battle of attrition ever fought in western Europe is taking shape to thitt limited bul; area. ByW. G. Rogers "sit im TO TBB nXSTmOTUS" ky Capt. I A. Absrcroakt ad rictchcr Pratt (Keary Htt; SS.TS "Attack on Pearl Harbor: this is no drfll" -U- with that electri fying message deUvered to the bridge, this book gets off to an exciting start It ends with Aber crombie's farewell words, as re corded by naval . historian Pratt to destroyer crews: "God bless and guide them, for they are the men , who see war . at its hardest and of whom one heart the least" r , Abercrombie's Drayton' sank the U. S. navy's first big Jajpa ness submarine on the day .be fore Christmas, 1941, then doub led the score. She did escort jobs; played a role in the crucial battle of Midway; fought to the Gilberts; helped to wreck the Tokyo express which ran rein forcements down the inter-island slot to Guadalcanal When war, broke, out both Yanks and Japs learned by do ing. With more experience Japan might not have lost that first sub; and this country failed to relieve Wake island's defenders, Abercrombie claims, through ignorance.; The Drayton's career resemb led that of most destroyers, the author y. But she must have been a little different Her com manding officer won the Navy Cross " with two gold ; : stars, though he maintained "there are no one-man heroes aboard war ships." He carried symphonic recordings, and some of his men found excuses for hanging around the cabin door when he played them. ; ; There are . interesting : minor touches r' the engineer who took his bicycle around the Pacific lashed to a: stack; the prudent crew which gave toe captain his present long before Christmas in fear that by then, they'd all be Zcrt, Ul U Kl fast g est la toe jrarl ani shake anotoer Hair i . to Davy Jones' locker; be offi cer who stayed on deck during' an .entire battle without pants on .!. . and who called his false teeth "China clippers." . Probably - you already knew that j to toe navy ladders are stairs, bulkheads are walls. Per haps you didn't know that a transom is leather couch; a field; day is shipboard bnuse- cleaning time; a captain mast a court; a head a toilet; a striker one of the most cornmendable of sailors, for he is studying to im prove himself and win promo tion j to specialist rating. (Continued From Page 1) to make sure that a man has had a fair trial and that there has been no subsequent discov ery of . evidence which might alter the conclusion as to his guUt For this reason it is proper that; there always resides, in some authority like the gover nor the power r of commutation or of pardon.' But unless there' . is some showing that the. trial ''has been unfair, the jury influ enced by ' passion or the evi dence false, there is no justifi cation In efforts to stay .the exe cution. , In this Folkes case, people, cannot . forget . the singularly atrocious crime which the man committee: murder compounded of lust His fate was the conse quence of his own , evil ' mind and deed. ::;V'i ' : While it is only natural for close relatives to - press claims for clemency, extension of clem ency merely for the sake of the relatives is of doubtful virtue. As a general rule-they probably wUlj have more peace of mind if the state puts an end to a life of heinous crime. Then, after the first agony of grief, their feelings are assauged by the fact that they are no longer haunted , by the fear of fresh misdeeds of one they loved.: , . As for society it has seemed to me that if a person shows himself so definitely anti-social as to commit a crime like mur der under premeditated intent he has made himself outlaw from society and should be treated as an outlaw, either by execution or confinement to prison. Of those who have gone to the gas chamber in late years it may be said that society has lost nothing to theu; passing, and may have been spared new crimes. The Jewish calendar has 3S3 days; i Julius Caesar's, 383 days; Mohometan, 333 days. The Gre gorian; calendar today is used in : all Christian countries except Russia. .. . - i .' . '-j . I1 (.... , ; Si-irlfci 1C15 WILL BE 1 &S3A;EL Id C:C3 P. . , Diamonds Re-set ; VTfcna Yen , Walt. Credit If Desired I W. WW Jlf