Si ' ' .llMEXilE" y .5. -1 " v?vS-i3 I ?f SiV IvliW 1 f - 3 pSVVw raT - - - - - ; ; "o Favor Stoaji No f or Shall Am I From Tirit Statesman, March 28, 1831 ' TlIE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY 3 CHARLES A. SPRAGU Editor and Publisher ' ;'. : ';r--,'i ilnber of;th Aasoclated Presi ." ' ' , Tht Associated Pren la exclusively entitled to tht'use for publicaUoo of all 1 newt dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited In; this newspaper. After Three Years Without doubt the third anniversary of Pearl Harbor : found the American people in sober mood. The ebullient optimism of four months ago was not in evidence. The tenseness of the clinch along the Rhine and the near stalemate -on rain-bound Leyte served to impress the peo-" pie with the knowledge that the two wars are far from ended. The sagging front in China also indicated a prolonging of the warjin the east for lack of the expected support in 'China. Fin ally the casualties mount and they come home with depressing effect. : ' Yet if we look at the map and review what has-been accomplished in the past year there is reason for much solid satisfaction. First of all there is the successful invasion of the continent of Europe from the west. A year ago the Ger mans were boastful that their wall would not be broached and we were fearful of its cost and not too sanguine of its initial success. Now the allies are knocking at Germany' very doors. In the past year, too, the Americans have swept into the Philippines, establishing themselves-securely there. They, have virtually de stroyed the Japanese navy as a power, and have begun regular and systematic bombing of Tokyo and other Japanese centers of war industry. The outlying bases of Japan in the Pacific have been prefty well cleaned out or neutralized. There is no real ground for pessimism as to the result even though there is disappointment over the dashing of hopes of an early end of the ' war in Europe to permit concentration on Japan. This new sober mood is needed so our war plant may not falter in its production of needed ma terials, especially ammunition, planes and ships. : It has also stimulated purchases of war bonds. What, America must do is to draw a fresh breath, pull the belt up a notch and pitch in for another year of hard going. Surely before the fourth Pearl Harbor day comes the; decision in Europe will have been reached, the Philippines recovered, and perhaps a beginning made of the assault on China or Japan. r FDR Loses Round . The re-referral of the president's appoint ments of five men to top positions in the state department to the foreign relations committee for further study was a real blow to Roosevelt and to Stettinius. It was not a party matter, the .-.37 votes for the motion to refer" and the 27 against being well divided between the two parties. When senators as staunch in their sup port of the president as Wagner of New York and Guf fey of Pennsylvania vote as they did ,',foc the motion it means a real rebuff to the ad- ' ministration. We may expect now the adminis tration forces to apply pressures to secure con- . f irmation, but that may be difficult for nomin ations of Poet MacLeish and Cotton-merchant Clayton.- : . j - t Meantime Stettinius has been decisive with reference to political affairs in Italy and Greece,, boldly indicating a disagreement with British Interference there to the chagrin of the jBri tish. His position of strict non-interference may be hard to sustain however; because this nation , too has a concern that liberated countries be hot ' hamstrung at, the start with decrepit and un- : popular regimes. - r V-v , At least this is true, that Henry Ford, II, is .getting plenty of fijee advertising about the cheaper new car he is promising. The old magic lan't quite as powerful as it used to be. He can build a car to sell for less, no doubt; but will it ,be one that the. people will-want to buy. Public taste has been veering more toward better ap pointments and more comfort gather than to ward cheaper and cruder transportation. That was true before the war; and certainly the war ' hasn't dulled the appetite for luxury. , Pleased to note that A. M. Dairy mple has been appointed , bailiff in Judge McCulloch's federal district court in Portland. A stalwart old-school ! democrat, A. M. has been a Marion county fig ure for a long time, and pretty nearly a court house fixture in the tax office. We'll miss him 'here, hut wish him good luck in the big city. Y The state department has recommended the repeal m ioe wonnson aci Darring loans to gov ernments that have defaulted on their debt. The 'Statesman recommended that several days ago. ' Nothing like being ahead of the procession. ! Editorial Comment W sympathize with the aspirations of the young Negroes who have organized . the Association of Young Writers and Artists, at Atlanta, Georgia. But it is sympathy that does not include much hope of notable production by this means. It is not the way that art has been created by any race, Caucasion, Chinese or Negro. The reason is that art is self expression and not collective production. Milton,, Shakespeare or Walt Whitman did not produce as members of a writers' club. Michelan gelo, so far as his art went, was a lone wolf. Bee thoven worked not with the help of fellow aspirants but against traditions. Verdi was refused admission 1 to the conservatory, which had no time to waste ;on a pupil without a vestige of talent Von Suppe, i reproached by a student he told to come back in a 1 iew years,"-with the fact that Von Suppe himself composed and produced at 18 years of age. replied that he had not asked anybody how to do it. Other musicians said Wagner was crazy. Maybe he was. ; jjui ne is accepted now coin as a master of music nd on popular appeal as well. The "Pilgrims' -Cborus,' or "Evening Star," has sold more records to this generation than "Pistol Packln' Mama." Talent In some , fields is the better for help. Caruso had a sponsor for the costly transition from a street vendor in Italy to the Metropolitan. But it .was a sponsor, not a congress of aspirants, that re cognized the talent and provided the support1 Paul Iurence-Dunbar, a pride to any race that can .claim him, was not a group product but a poet who 'wrote because -he was a poet. In drts even more Jian sciences, .self expression is individualistic,. of- , ' n asoTnst contemporary standards. In the sciences '-.Ix.ker T. Washington- and Dr. George Washington Carver v.-ere r.ot prodactj cf a parliamentary mo ti;;.n.Caa I"r:,ncL:ca Chronicle. . Log Truckers Protest A fresh round is reported in the never-ending battle between the log truckers and the state police. It is more accurate to refer to it as a war between the truckers and the highway depart-; ment for the state police merely enforce the laws under the regulations of the highway de partment - V ''-I ' " '.'-i" It all comes from this: truckers want to haul maximum loads of logs and are under constant temptation tojoverload if they think they won't get caught. Then they ! admittedly can't deter mine weight of logs in the woods, yet it is weight which is limited and the impact of weight on roads which wears them out. Various plans have been tried,' with ill suc cess. The weighing system with fines' for over load, was criticized because it delayed haulers. A. year or so ago the highway department thought t had the answer: when an overload was found, require the trucker to dump a log or cut off the end to bring his load within legal limits. Now the loggers in the Eugene area are rising in protest against this plan. They say it wastes needed timber and the time of loggers and truckers. So they demand a change and threaten "drastic action" if something Isn't done about; it sp - What the loggers really want is a footage scale instead of weight measure. Few operators have scales in the woods to weigh loads as they are being made up, but they could easily scale the logs. The trouble with this is that there is a wide difference in weight per thousand . board feet of logs because of difference in moisture content, etc . - " The plain truth is that heavy log trucking knocks the! life out of roads, and the overloads ' speed up the destruction. There is a tolerance of , 10 per cent, over the established! maximum but the truckers do not choose to regard this tol erance as a margin for their safety, they try to load up to the top of the tolerance and then complain if they get caught.1 4 V It seems j futile to try to work out any plans which the Itruckers will respect, though this is not true of many operators. It doesn't make much difference what the plan is, unless it is enforced strictly the trucks will be overloaded and the highways ruined. '....AT THE FRONT! . TJ. S. Entrance Into Germany Nowddayi Hardly Even Noticed o- rv IN GERMANY, Dee. 1 De layed) -(flV War makes many! little things suddenly loom large ! a n a reduces many big mo- i ments to auu n o t h bigness. For most-GFs except per haps for the first few to ar rive - the en trance into Germany how adays Is hard ly even " no ticed, v 'I - '"" . Kenaeui L. Dlxoa It has been ,'j something to look forward to for the past three years. Back in December, 1941, the very thought of conquering allied troops cros sing the v German border i was fraught with dramatic import Then such gagas, as "Tokyo here we come" or "Berlin, To on my way" were popular everywhere as farewells resounded through out mobilizing America. 1 . ! Even through Africa and Italy everything seemed pointed to ward a first day in Germany. masses of mud and dirt and bm led it Then the allied drive had moved on. (,;.; . There was no apparent differ e n e e In the countryside; '. The towns were blasted a bit more and a bit more abandoned than had been those of war-ridden friendly countries, but. that was alt The rain was hist as cold, -the SJCT lust a hlpalr And phtwr. less. The Jolting blasts of our own artillery had the same grim. monotonous undertone. The in- 1 lynnln .holt, kail 4V v:i. ' nerve-scraping whine. A few civilians slogged sil ently along the road with their heads down. ; Some soldier said he didn't think much nf Clorman women. As the column of trucks sloshed over the rolling country dotted with1 huge slagpiles mark , ing coal mines; it passed a group of $ tanks padding relentlessly through the muck with a racket- , ing rumble that drowned out : other sounds. . , Except when in action, tanks are unpopular on . any front They draw enemy artillery fire $lurSi-&& d eir thundering din make. aw. 'Poles Apart' 4 i Puroler Heart" Boxes Members; of the American Legion and Legion Auxiliary over the state are serving as Santa Claus to the 4700 wounded or sick service men in the veterans facilities in Oregon, at Portland and Rosebnrg, at the naval hospital in Astoria and the marine barracks at Klamath Falls. Al ready the response has been highly gratifying, according o reports of local members. - Gifts such as one would give to active service men are asked for, and should be turned in to the local Legion post. . ' 1 Inspired by Eddie Cahtor who has been troup ing the "Purple Heairt" circuit to entertain men and women in the service, the boxes are called "purple heart" boxes. They give the civilians a chance in a personal way to show gratitude o those who are paying in injuries or illness the price of our nation's security. . ' " .1 No sooner do the Belgians get free than they start quarreling among themselves. They ought to be spanked, or given a return visit of the German gauleiter. I i Tho Literary Guidcpost By John Selby , "ACCOUNT RCNDEam,- ky Vera Brittaia (Mir milUar S3.). ' This is the gracious season when books stop arriving by the dozen, and it is possible to go back a little and consider some "that have been shouldered aside , by the press of their neighbors. Vera Brittain's "Account Ren dered" is one of these. Miss Brittain Is a propagand ist not a novelist and she should never have cast "Account Ren dered" in the latter mould. And News Behind the News : i. P By PAUL MALLON J '-' ' , (Distribution by King Features Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction In whole 1 or in "part strictly prohibited.) ' r. 1 WASHINGTON, Dec 7 The cold "fanaticism of the Nazi de fense is noticeable in the little observed fact that today, six months l atter the lady, is so anxiousthat all her readers should get her priceless point that she batters her book (ahd her readers) Into a' kind of pulp. ' In theory she la writing a no- j vel about an impossible, not to say boring, fellow named Hal kin. Halkin was a youth at the time of World war I, and un fortunately he was sent Interpreting The War New K1RKE L. SIMPSON ASSOCIATED PRESS WAR' ANALYST The center of gravity and interest in the west in Europe has shifted from the Cologne plain to the ' Saar 4asin with American fracture of the, Saar river defense line; on an indicated Widening front A crisis for the nazi foe, calling for substantial reinforcements he can ill spare from the northern! battle zone,; js fast taking shape. However, there is still every reason to assume that the main allied attack front; is in the Aachen-Arnhem area. lor can it be doubted that the over-all nazi command is hardly less j concerned with the. massive and fast- 1 moving threat to Vienna developing in southern Hungary, there is every reason to believe that the last reserve; pool in Germany is being tapped how by the nazis, just as Moscow has asserted, to meet that tremendous red army surge Whether by de- J sign or not it is timed to aid the allied campaign in the west through diversion of enemy forces to Hun gary that otherwise might have gone to bolster badly shaken west Rhineland defenses. Just how; critical the Russian threat tcrVienna could become is obvious on any large soale map of Hungary. With the corner of Hungary south of Lake Balaton between the Danube and the Drava, cleared by the Russians of the foe to the marsh lands that . border the southwestern extremity of the 50-mile-long lake, red columnsNare beginning to converge toward Vienna around both ends of the water bar rier It forms. They are in position to by-pass both besieged Budapest and lakeBalaton for a two- x prong drive, up the Danube watershed into Austria. The short road lies through Szekesfehervar be tween lake Balaton and lake Valence! southwest ot Budapest in the little Hungarian plairuNo serious water barrier bars the way and the terrain is much ' the same as that of the great Hungarian plain east of the Danube over which the RussiansL swept so swiftly to invest Budapest i J ust beyond the heavily fortified junction city and above the two, lakes, however, Russian forces. heading up the Danube watershed south of the river will encounter two other natural Obstacles behind which the nazis may hope to make an effective stand. The first is the heavily forested Bakohy pla- ' teau. It parallels the lie of the long lake below it and its northeastern extension runs clear to the Danube bend above Budapest Its heights run up between 2000 and 5000 feet and there are few easy passes. ' l - - North of Balcony forest and the highland spine .of the Alps it covers, the river Raba forms a sub stantial bulwark if the Bakony plateau falls to halt the Russian attack tide; but its defense would call for strong troop concentrations. It still remains to be disclosed whether the Rusi sian campaign in Hungary Is the main red army winter effort, or largely a diversion stroke designed to thin down the German fronts on the Vistula in Poland, where the. lines have been dormant for many weeks.. ' France just after his mother, upon whom he had a fixation. was buried. Actually, Halkin was buried, too. A shell tossed a lot of earth over him and since he was ripe for a psychosis, the dirt gave it to him. He was sub ject to ; memory lapses not just minor ones such as we all have; when names escape as, but longer and much more serious ones. This is all gone Into 'dili gently by Miss Britain but it could be skipped. Halkin Is a pianist presuma bly, and after the war is done he prepares; for ,a London de but which never comes off be cause he has another of his memory lapses, plus a collapse. Eventually he goes off to run his father's business, and later still he breaks up at the beginning of this war. All this "Miss Brit tain tells by theback-and-fai method; the; book .drips flash backs, many of which nly mud dled me up, and 90 per cent of which could be avoided handily. There are,' in addition, allusions that don't appear to hitch, and a curious frenzy which attacks whenever Miss Brittain's pacifist propaganda begins to bubble up. Miss Brittain has every right to be a pacifist and no right at aU to call this thin, unreal book a novel. ; f . '. - . . the invasion of France (June 6) they! still hold four! large Fjenchl ports and some of the smaller Belgian landings. They possess Lorient with possibly 25,000 men; St Nazaire with 30,000, the river entrance to Bor deaux with 20,000, and also Dun- kerque.". ; : v-v' -l - ; ,-, These large bodies of suicide troops have been supplied by air from Germany . to .some extent although winter winrf nrwrl ni.otk. to er have lately made that task ram .Maiion more difficult Some boats from spam may have slipped Into St llazafre with fODd, at least An occasional submarine Is . reputed to have taken In medical supplies, and others also to all four points.' To supplement their ' meager stores the j strong forces : sally forth at night and raid the arms miles beyond their defense lines. We have not attempted to attack these places, as their reduction would be costly and we are now opening their other better ports to full traffic. The growing use of Antwerp will soon show effect upon the Aachen: line. Why these Nazis fight with such suicidal stubbornness In the face of coming death not " only for themselves but their cause is a subject of "study by the most 'eminent authorities here because . the course of the war, and its. largely on this factor. Any idea that Germans are extraordinary people is pure nonsense. Their troops now are less than ordinary and include; even the physically unfit Determination is imposed upon theni and them are a people accustomed 1 to following orders Stories that Hitler is dead ori , insane may not be accurate Yet' he has gone into' the background and Himmler has carried through . a last ditch mobilization of the people . which is maintaining dicipline. The true story probably. is Himmler got control because Hitler fell out with Goering and the army leaders, became in volved in hot quarreling. No one could maintain discipline except : Himmler and his secret police. The army took the military reins from Hitler and cooperated with Himmler to enable him to main tain civilian dicipline.! Furthermore, the Prussian gen erals have been able to maintain 'army morale throughout the re treat from France, the Balkans and eastern Europe. This retreat was sold to the soldier and the people as an orderly withdrawal to reduce the length of the fight ing line for the final battles near home, and to some extent it was. While they lost a lot of men (30,000 to 40,000 Nazis are still on the Aegean Islands, the gener als maintained complete author ity. With Himmler functioning ruthlessly through his secret po lice at home and the Prussians X holding the men in uniform, the preservation of this J fictitious morale can continue until phys- , ically crushed by us. , ' .: Another factor has helped them. The United Nations agree ment to insist upon unconditional surrender left the masses no loop hole except subservience and en couraged last-ditch resistance. We Insisted upon these terms because we gave them an armistice with out occupation last time, only to find generosity did not pay. Yet we must admit our Justifiable position has worked against us in tile latest fighting, i f . . .! Authorities have continued to -resist moderation of the terms because thee knew thia w ht Germany has been playing for now, for more tha4 a year. To do so would seem to be capitulation. Indeed,' what terms could be pop ularly acceptable, without mili tary occupation, whih amounts to unconditional surrender. Also we are dealing with a world rev olutionary movement. The Russ ians, who know gome things about ! world revolutions. Eentertauwio terms but death. At any rate, no other, terms have been requested .by Germany, as far as is known. ; Excellent ' military men back .from the front think; the kind of ruthless pressure we are main much difference this cold, bleak and rainy day as truckload after truckload of doughboys rolled across the Dutch - German fron tier. Riding along behind them also entering the reich for the first time I found no trace of that mystical transformation we bad been unconsciously expect ing sihee Pearl Harbor. j j There was not even a sign say ing "Germany . The only mark of the border was a half -buried pillbox alongside the road. En gineers in muddy clothes were digging It out sufficiently to blow it up to prevent its use again. In It the Germans had refused j to' surrender, so the doughboys had welded its iron door shut and tank-dozers had scooped up great It impossible to hear shells com ;ISISU.i;-;V-;X!r,:v-;--:.)- ,. The tankers looked cold and miserable Even the camouflag ing twigs and tree branches fas tened to the Shermans' backs dropped disconsolately ini the icy rain. . r - Alongside the road, engineers worked endlessly maintaining it digging drainage ditches again and again, shoveling gravel into ruts. Mudsmeared men, they sel dom bothered , even to swear as the vehicles splashed them again in passing. - - I ' v The trucks; halted for a io- ' minute break. Behind a nearby Sherman, a bunch of tankers , (Continued on page 11) ' SmmSBBBK. aaBBSS&BMBf. . . (Continued from page 1) long been a strong desire among the Greeks to get rid of him.' The British, traditional friends of free Greece, have supported the "monarchy there, as In Itajy. Concerned about its postwar po sition, Great Britian has sought to bring the Mediterranean couri- tries within its sphere of hv fluence. This is a natural mova to safeguard its lifeline to the far east The vnrm f BrifUU with Spain, with Italy. with two hnsj. early in its career: jugo-iavia ana with Greece re- the . I conflicting , monarchist and democratic groups. As - soon as Greece was liberated, through British assistance, the forces of the resistance, headed by the most powerful group, the ' EAM, national liberation party, sought a showdown with the returned Greek government and the pres ent civil war is the outcome. While, the communist element is strong in the various under ground and resistance parties in Europe the general indications are j that these; forces are less concerned with, an immediate communist program than they are with preventing a return to power of the facist elements, the collaborationists and the mon archists. The EAM for instance the oldest and largest of the Greek guerrilla erotms. t nn fc4nPTTr rwrii"v : mn ' r-r . oi ruuuess pressure we are main- llill YUUWG tlDEA By Mossier taming now wUl bring the Nazi - ' -;?. soldiers to their knees within two montns. Authorities here gen erally agree with Churchill that ' the full crushing power of our spring. drive must be Imposed upon the Nazis before the Himm-ler-Prusslan military hold- on ; their morale is broken. Certainly the condition calls for Increasing : ' our hard and ruthless powerand , the utmost purchasing of bonds at home to furnish that power. Kaiser Shipbuilders Will Work Six Days VANCOUVER, Wash., Dec. 7(jT) " Tinhatters who've been working .round the calendar for 15 weeks . to speed the building of attack transports will abandon the seven-day. week next Sunday. Officials of the Kaiser yard here : and Oregon Shipbuilding, corpor r ation at Portland the two yards which' had attack transport -con-' tracts announced the resump l tion of the six-day week in a joint -statement --,," - lates Quite as murk in it nii, i future security as with the im ! mediate objective of defeating Germany in. this war. The blunt j statement of Anthony Eden in ; parliment that Britian considers It has the right to take a hand In the formation of an Italian cabinet is of a piece with the use of British troops to sustain the government of Premier Pap andreou in Greece.V 1 - No one can say that the British were not aware of the attitude of the Greek underground. In August of 1943 representatives of the underground were taken by submarine from Greece to Carlo for conference with the exiled Greek government there, 'headed by Premier Emmanuel Tsouderos. At the end of the con. ference the represntatives of the Greek resistance parties formally advised Premier Tsouderos as follows: , : : Tor the sake of national unity, which alone insures the success of the national struggle, and the normal . developement of the country,' it Is' necessary that it be announced that the king will not return to Greece before the peo- ,ple have decided on the form of jgbvernment', j. .:' J- - King George rejected the ad vice and the premier sided with the king. The friction continued ! and increased. In April ot this year Sophocles Venizelos, son of 1 the former premier, tried to form j a government when Tsouderos f resigned, but he failed. Papan Idreou, who had escaped from an ! Athens prison where the Germans Ihad him confined, became pre mier and endeavored to reconcile 'first liberation of the couhtrv from foreign (occupation, and second, establishment of a pop ular governinent after the, lib eration." The support the Greek people have given to this move ment is attributed to "their re action to the misery, starvation and moral-degradation to which they have been subjected." The struggle now going on is not sim ply a red plot to impose a dic tatorship. . Writing to the nation last May Basil Vlavianos, editor of a Greek language newspaper in New York, made the following com ment on British policy in Greece: "The British government's pol icy toward Greece runs counter to British public opinion It is inspired by fear of communism and of Russian influence in the Balkans, but it is destined to have;! the opposite effect from what its sponsors intend. It will lose - them friends throughout eastern Europe and will paralize the Greek iarmed forces and the Greek underground resistance at a' time when their cooperation can. be extremely useful to the war effort and to the restoration of a true democratic order in the Balkans - . - '.-.. .That prophecy seems now in the way of , fulfillment The re percussions of -this strife in Greece may be far-reaching. Re gardless of the imniediate Issues, it will awaken distrust of British motives and create fears that allied victory will hot bring the reforms the peoples have been longing for. Once again the po litical offensive fails to support the military operations, to the nun orie allied cause. "It. seems Incredible that your' daughter is no longer a gancling gawky kid, bat budding Into glorious' womanhood 1 doesn't it mother?" Grelle Heads Growers HILLSBORO, Ore, Dec! 7-vT) C E. Grelle, Portland, was elec . ted president -of the"Western Nut Growers association by 450 dele gates to the annual meeting here yesterday. , r i i Diamonds Watches Jewelry i We Eatrave' Gifts la Our Store! " ' fit Vj UK-. Jy. Diamoads . ', . Watehes . . ''" Rings. . . . y y. Silverware . '. Costome Jewelry . . . Necklaces . . . are lost a few ef Ik. Maaa lu..tl.l - J ' lastfag gifU at Stevens soni - - - Credit If Desired Cay Bonds ' In Oar Store i V f i 1 1 1 1 1? v Credit M Desired