pagz roua The OISGrOX STATESMAN, Cedeza. Oreeoa, Catarday Morning. November 11, 131! , "No Favor Sways lt; iVo Fear Shall Awe" From First Statesman, March 23, 1831 TUB STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY CHARLES A. S PRAGUE, Editor and Publisher Member of the Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this newspaper.' Newspaper Round-up . The newspapers of Oregon, mostly republican in their political complexion, took the results of Ji uesaay s pou. in sinue. r nu uic Mtiuuv. "Well, that's that," of the Bend Bulletin to the refurbished editorial of 1940 used again (and again and again?) by the Medford Mail-Tribune editors acquiesces in the anticipated result with generally an attitude of joining-hands now for attack on the nation's problems. The Oregori City Enterprise, rep.," remarks that power is entrusted not so mucn to tne dem ocratic party as to "the wisdom and power of one man -to us still an ominous situation. 1 The Dalles Chronicle, . rep, sees only this fourth term for Roosevelt, figuring not only on ' his age but on the "next tumultuous four years" which it thinks wlf be enough to defeat any man for reelection; It is pessimistic about im pending inflation and socialism: "In other words it may be: Alter me, the, deluge. " , The Coos Bay Times, ind., whose editor Shel don F. Sacketf was Roosevelt's most ardent edi torial supportr in 1944 as in 1940, finds, in the language ! of Rodney Alden, its editorial con tributor, no time for either gloating or recrim ination, I It condemns republican practice in crucifying Wendell Willkie and in the Dewey campaign, assertions which Alden says, "come under the head of brazen deceit." Frank Jenkins in his Klamath Falls Herald and News comments that "The instinct of the people is still to distrust the republican party, which held too much power too long and abused it.".. , : . ' - Stalwart Claude Ingalls of the Corvallis Gazette-Times, rep., glooms: "It is clear that the communist-fellow - traveler - CIO - federal employ e-socialistcitizens-of- foreign - extrac tion plus the solid thinkless-south-ticket won again and next January we will have another coronation." His. forecast: "So we are in for four years deception, secrecy, falsehood, wise- craLM aim upiwriuiuwi, wsuu grain of comfort in this: "Benton county is one of the sanest spots in the country in which to live. .:K:v;fe;i:-;v:-"$'- i The more temperate Eugene Register-Guard, .ind., which again (third "again") opposed FDR, anticipates that his "regime" will be "more ar rogant and cocksure thaiv ever before." But it sees for republicans "the hour of opportunity . . . if they can lift their own party1 out of petty ob structionism." It thinks that it is the demo cratic party "which must view the future with grave concern," because its - success is built around "one man-" ' ? The East Oregonian, traditionally democratic but which supported Willkie four years ago, pursued the same course as the Portland Jour nal this year in backing the president for a fourth term, largely on account of the war situ ation. It sees in the large popular vote for Dewey a warning to the president and his fol lowers not to get "puffed up". The election, it feels, gives "the president a plain mandate to go ahead with our war plans and with plans to in sure future peace." The larger number of Oregon daily papers, as In previous years, opposed Roosevelt. That was true the country over .where the Editor and Publisher survey showed that 68.5 per cent of the press! opposed and 17.? per cent supported Mr. Roosevelt. This gave Mr. IckeS the oppor tunity to jab again at the newspapers, inviting editors to explain this situation which, Ickes thinks indicate "a progressively unhappy and dangerous decline in reader confidence. This ' was the contention in 1936 and 1940. But meas ured by the declining popular majorities for the president it is less true today. If the press line up remains the same and republicans win in 1943 will Ickes then regard that as proof of the restored influence of the press? We doubt it. to the voting public and do not pretend to be, nor is j their judgment infallible -nor 5 ifV the " judgment of the people infallible either. Roose velt's personality has impressed the voting pub lic more favorably than the more critical mem bers of the press. Local Rights and Federal Power The Eugene Register-Guard, agreeing with the recent addresses of Dr. Paul Raver of the Bonneville administration calling for public ap proval of federal construction and operation of dams and power transmission lines, questions the administrator's disclaimer of federal par ticipation in retail distribution, It asks if Dr. Raver is going to continue to de mand the say in retail rate structures both for private and publicly operated facilities. It asks if the government agency i going to keep its hands off and let localities make their own de cisions as to type of ownership, and then asks if the people of the northwest will nave any "say" in case a regional authority is set up for the Columbia basin. l . I , These questions, as has been previously noted in The Statesman, have worked to retard public acceptance of the Bonneville program, because the people are jealous of local rights. To quote the concluding paragraphs of the R-G's edittrial The surplus power from Bonneville and Grand 7 Tui-tfitmn1atMl rfami) MUST be mar- 1. keted. People of the Northwest would be foolish not to want to make maximum use of that resource. BUT what are going to be the.boundaries between federal and local authority? Do we have to sell the American! birthright to get AVAILABLE POWER? Are these proposed "valley authorities" going to de mand control over every trickle; of water on the vast watershed a paramount question! for farmers and ranchers? Are theyr going to demand the right to enforce their notions of "planned economy" down to the tiniest business and the last tillable acre? Are these proposed "valley authorities" going to be po litical instruments, or will they be agencies which the people control? Eugene takes great pride in its municipal power plants, built from the ground up, boasting lower fates even than Bonneville, but Eugene will not be immune from grasping "authority" programs. Some day, not so far distant, Eugene will have to decide whether to build more plants of its own or to draw on that great surplus from Columbia river. What will be the terms? sr f k 'U f$7 yV" m f - u &$prU it r X t v SO SORRVJ HO ft JAP ivC mL" , Best tod ; , Town to Occupied CCU.. , Geracmy Found ; :.'.AT THE FRONT! V' , ,. ,,Jf One of the knotty problems which the admin istration postponed till after the election is the fate of the Little Steel formula. The war labor board passed over to the president the decision on whether .it should be scrapped and steel, wages raised. If this is done railway workers and other branches of labor will demand similar wage advances. It will tax the president's in- i genuity to hold the roof on the economy and hold down wage increases and at th same time, satisfy the workers who after all turned in the winning votes for him. 1 m 1 hi By Wade Werner (Substituting for Kenneth I Dixon) MONSCHAU, Germany, Nov. 8-(TMayed)-(P)-The best be haved town in occupied Ger many Is tnis storybook town on 'the U.S.i. fiwl n e wn mr AU0 , m . M J a: front line southeast of Aachen. One enters it over a hill road from which a wide sweep of ; j German - held ' territor yj and the smoke and IUoneth u Dxo flames of burning buildings is visible. ' American' outposts here look out over a no-man's-land, But Monschaii itself is the ex act opposite of the shattered, charred, dead city of Aachen. This picturesque and enchanting . town, snuggling deep in a rocky gorge, was evacuated relatively unscathed by the wehrmacht It seems to be a smalU sheltered nook of the old peacetime Ger many. The immediate impilse Is to wander about quaint winding streets and gather a pocketful of Fighting at Ormoc General MacArthur tells the people frankly that the Japs have succeeded in landing 35,000 veteran troops at Ormoc on Leyte island to op pose the Americans. They have succeeded in spite of American control of the air and the con stant efforts of PT boats. The general says that our initial advantage of surprise in our landings is now used up, which indicates heavy fighting before the Japs are ousted from the Philippines. The Japs have the advantage of shorter lines of communication. Their boats and: barges can creep along through the narrow seas, hiding by day and traveling by night. They have a huge reservoir of manpower on their home islands with large forces on Luzon and in south China. What we need is to get hold of a good harbor like Manila where we can base our navy. Then it can control the waters, with the aid of air power. Airplanes alone cannot prevent jenemy reinforcement because they can't hover over the seas and watch movements. Ships with planes for observation, can do the job. Until we get Manila we will have steady fighting, and subs, PT boats and aircraft will have to fight hard to keep off enemy reinforcements. General MacArthur is confident of his ability to handle the situation on Leyte, but this ex perience shows what he will be up against in moves against Luzon or Formosa. When the "waitress Wanted" signs come down from restaurant windows then we may know the war is about over. , . Editorial Comment THE &IASZNE BIRTHDAY Marines, proud, cocky and just a thousand miles from Tokyo, make their annual entry Friday in the log they have been keeping for 169 years. For the historical year ending November 10, they can write: "Mission Accomplished" after Bougain ville in the Solomons, Tarawa in the Gilberts, Cape Gloucester on New Britain, Roi and Namur in the Marshall?, Saipan, Tinian and Guam in the Mari anas, Peleliu and other assorted islands in the Palau group. , In these 12, swift months, marines have been the spearheads in performing what has been called by the Commandant. Lt. Gen. A. A. Vandegrift, "the amphibious miracle of our time." These men, who boast they can land on the beachhead to Hell against the Devil himself, have bought with their lives and blood the islands from which the U. SJ navy now dominates the Pacific ocean areas, including the front and back doors to Japan itself. Soberly and with full realization of their sacri fices, the Leathernecks will enter the names of those who gave their lives, or suffered grievous injury. Li the thunderbolt drives ta th ncr& and west " Since their last anniversary, 6,213 marines have d:eJ in combat and over 3.f.:3 were wounded. 71...3 cu;u:.3 i:.s t.-l-for World - II t- r-3r:-s ' ' ' r .1 f .s 25.CC3 C. The army wanted 4000 nurses in September; it got 600. In the summer months the call of the army and navy was for 1500 a month; they never got over 900. This explains why the re cruitment of nurses is being pushed and why women are recruited for the divisions of the service for assignment to hospital i duty. The nursing job begins when the, shooting starts, and doesn't stop when the guns do. Interpreting The IPJar News K1RKE L. SIMPSON ASSOCIATED PRESS WAR ANALYST The widening scope and deepening bite of Gen- ' era! Patton's Third army drive is beginning to war rant Berlin classification of the operation as a ma jor offensive. . ' It covers an estimated 75-mile wide front in the Metz area as last reported with indications that eight or more divisions including at least two ar mored units, have been employed. . There are also signs in field reports that due to weather conditions and probably to a serious, lack of air power the, enemy may have been caught nap--ping to some extent.1 : The 10-mile depth to which Patton's troops had penetrated in less than three days leads to thjrt conclusion. , If Patton has achieved substantial surprise to threaten' the powerful j Metz-Thionville redoubt with isolation so quickly, it must be largely due to , enemy lack of information and to his own accurate knowledge of Nazi deployments on that front It still seems that the immediate purpose of the Third army drive, how. expanded to a triple front . attack, is to slash across enemy communication links with Metz and ThionviUe rather than to storm forward to the German frontier and the Saar. The . closing jaws of the trap are taking shape on the map . both east of the Sefle rjver crossings, below Metz. and in the wide and deep bridgehead beyond the Moselle to the northeast of Thlonville. Perhaps the most significant aspect of the Third army offensive, however, is the evidence it gives of General Eisenhower's ability to make good his statement that there would be no winter letup on any sector of the j western front. At the time he spoke two weeks ago there was much to suggest that British-Canadian ; forces and the American First army to the north held priorities on ammuni tion, tank fuel and other items, essential in quantity for any such large scale operation as the Third army has now launched. If that is true, it seems clear that despite long communication lines and weather-bound roads to French coastal areas Patton has now been supplied sufficiently to resume the offensive on a broad front"; Eisenhower's logistics problem so far as the left flank of his line in Germany and Holland is concerned will be completely solved when the Ant , werp base gets into full action. It would not very grestly lessen the supply difficulties cf his trocps farther south, however.... : . The Palm Reader run mnra Tho Literary Guidcpost By JOHN SELBT Tw books for tho youngsters i Pigeons never meant much in my life until I read a book call ed "Couriers of the Sky," by Mary Graham Bonner. In the old days, a pigeon was just a bird that emitted a curious cooing clucking sort of sound at inter vals,' and was occasionally serv ed as food when very young. Now I know a lot better.: Pigeons have been one of' man's closest friends since his tory began, Miss Bonner writes, and probably long before that vague date. The friendship has never been altered, nor has the, usefulness of the pigeon in other than gastronomic fields lessened.' Even today,- when we have ev erything from the international cable sytem to walkie-talkies, pigeons still are useful as mess '. age bearers. V''- s ! ' .Nor is just any pigeon ade quate for just any task. Racing pigeons should never be white, because hawks can see them too easily. Pigeons used for racing, ; or homing pigeons, must have all twelve of their tail feathers to fly efficiently, and should you want to buy a start of homers, you should make the purchase when the birds are not more than : four weeks old. Otherwise you are quite likely to have nothing left but a nest when they are first given liberty. Miss Bonner gives more than the history and habits of the birds she tells simply, , and i very well, how to care for pig eons and how to house them. It Is interesting that 'the . Chinese used to tie whistles and bells to pigeons to frighten away hawks, but it is probably more import ant to modern youngsters about to raise pigeons that under no circumstances must their owner forget to keep iodized salt where they can get at it (Knopf; $U0)i I can't say how James Thur ber's juveniles appeal! to chil dren, but certainly they are amusing for an adult The new one 'Is called "The Great Quil low," it is about toymaker who saved his village from the dep redations of a giant named Hun der in A very special way, and . the, book Is illustrated wonder ,1 ully in plentiful color by one of . our most gifted painters Doris Lee. (Har court Brace; $2). News Behind the Neivs By PAUL MALLON (Distribution by King Features Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction la whole, i os in part strictly prohibited.) ,. y . if- NEW YORK, Nov 10 Sharp changes in inner political man agement of this nation are like ly to i evolve from the election results. Gov. Dewey naturally will go back to Albany for the two more years of his term and there will wield whatever leadership he chooses to as sume over the tr e m e n d o u s number of peo ple who voted for ' him. But Gov. Bricker chose to re llnquish his Ohio job, and the returns were not fully -tabulated be fore a movement was started in the party to get him to go on to Washington, to take over the chairmanship of the republican' national committee. Bricker has always been popu lar within the party and the in fluence he wielded successfully in the election, in Ohio and less successfully in the far western states, makes the idea of him assuming the full time job of par ty organization management rawer obvious, especially as Chairman Brownell made per sonal sacrifices to take the job during the campaign (he was doubtful about it until pressed by Mr. Dewey) and has intend ed to retire. - , i - The republicans were not dis organized by the result which caused only the deflection of Senator Ball. Actually the tabu lation of votes induced most of the party leaders to predict an -easy national victory, when. If ' ever, 'the vote-magic of Mr. Roosevelt is eliminated from the picture, as the popularity of democrats drops, sharply after his name is passed. I On the democratic side, the victory healed . no wounds, put no bandages on any and left some enigmas. Obviously there is going to be in immediate i start of a movement to control the party for 1948, on the ground ; that "surely" Mr. Roosevelt will not run again (the word "surely"' being used by democratic sup porters of the president current- "THE YOUNG IDEA" By Mossier ly.) My guess Is be may make some effort soon to control that i result but how long" he can hold together such uncompromisable elements as the south- and the Wallace-Hfllman group Will de pend upon his ingenuity; Retali- , ation against Senator Byrd for failing to declare for Roosevelt ' may be attempted by the north- em element (I mean Senator ' Guffey in particular) but the astonishing size of the anti- : Roosevelt vote in Virginia puts : Byrd - beyond anything more ! than some trouble. The Texas : Senator ODaniel w h o led the ' anti-Roosevelt forces at home : may not fare so' welL - Vice President Truman Is CIO but less ideologically bent ; than Wallace and in a more ma- ' chinelike sort . of political way. ' He is a good natured and an ex- ; ceptionally modest person (he ' actually still blushes.) As sena- ; tor 1 had a habit of turning things off in a half joking man- ner, a trait which got him into ' much trouble in the big-time. campaign circuit particularly in i Massachusetts. He lost prestige ! within the party during the campaign, although he perform- ; ed well enough, or at least sue- i cessfully, his main job of stress- ; ing the fights against "isolation- , ists." He was nervous in the east because of the Ku Klux Klan ; charges, and it was the demo-. I era tic high command which re- i quired him to say again, again : and again in his Madison Square I Garden speech the phrase "re- 1 gardless of creed or color." His chief brain f truster was Hugh Fulton, counsel for the 'Truman investigation comm i 1 1 e e , who wrote his speeches as a good , lawyer rather than an adept pol- i itlcian, which he is not . Wallace seems to want to car ry on his ideological leadership i in or out of the government and may become a more acceptable leader than Hfflman of the HiU man groups, acceptable, that is -to all those elements. - But democratic eyes are also on Frank Lascfae, the Cleveland mayor, who was called to the White House twice , before he entered the Ohio gubernatorial campaign to run far ahead of the ticket While he denied he was the Washington , candidate, there . . seems to have been some con nection there, which may bring forth future democratic fruits. (Continued from page 1 ) war would not have come. That is doubtful, for Versailles itself became enmeshed in power poli tics, : and ' postwar Europe; paid little attention to treaty engage ments ' for. disarmament Again we heap criticism on ourselves for not marching through to Berlin and giving the Germans a taste of defeat on their home soil. There is no way of proving that doing so would have taught Germany its lesson any more than the capitulation at Compiegne did. Our soldiers wish now they had done so, but that is out' of their bitterness over Germany's treachery, not because they are confident lit would have provided a needed cure. , I I . We abuse ourselves also for our part in the disarmament con ference which gave the world a naval holiday for 10 years and caused nations to sink many of then warships.! Yet that was hailed as most enlightened statesmanship ; at the time, as was. the later ! Kellogg-Briand pact to outlaw war. ; For my own part I have not been satisfied with claims that ever since the first world war Tn leery cf itzst wUrhvlr.l ct :rt:.! !. 3 . . . they're llzV it end o 13 icarriirt. Safety CounciT Activity Saves 310,000 Lives CHICAGO, Nov. 10 The lives of 310,000 Americans have been saved since . the national safety movement began in 1913.. This is revealed in the 1944 edition of "Accident Facts," the statistical Yearbook of : the na tional safety council. A box score of accidents con tained in the book shows that the death rate has been lower than for 1913 each year in the 33-year period 'from 1914 to 1944, except for 1917 and 1938. In 1913 the rate was 85.5 per 1C3.C30 popula tion. Last year it was 72.3. During the triple decade there were 2,SC3,CC9 .accidental deaths. If the death rate had been as high each year as ,tt was in 1913, this death toll would have been 3,-119.CC3. picture postcards, like a tourist This . enchantment increased , by the gay; ignorance of children playing noisily in the streets contrasts: with the strained faces of middleaged townspeople and the rumble; of nearby battle. ' - All traces of the nazis seem to have vanished. The town now is run by ki ! military - government detachment commanded by Capt Robert AJ jCoetcheus, a former Indianapolis lawyer. Credited by first army headquarters with an exceptionally- well-run cotbmun ity, Goetcheus says this is large ly due to civilian cooperation. "These ji people are tired of war," Goetcheus f said, f- "and would welcome! peace at any price. Peace with American oc cupation seems to them to be much preferable to continued resistance. I believe they are not unhappy to see us here. No case of sabotage by an inhabitant has yet occurred." The inhabitants are known to have foiled several, attempts by nazis to organize sabotage. When the naxis at Aachen sent a for , mer citizen of Monschau back to bis hometown as a refugee with instructions to wreck its central telephone j exchange, the home town boy j merely removed vital parts of the exchange and hid them, telling others where they could be found. When the Ame .ricans came, the equipment was -restored -:jh.. V Before evacuating Monschau, the nazis also planned to destroy its fire-fighting equipment. Townspeople, hearing this, hid the community's fire engine in a cave. After the Americans ar rived, they hauled it tout again. Capt l! M. Tibbits, a former Chicago ji banker, attached to Goetcheus'; staff, pointed out that when the Yanks arrived they found 78,000 reichsmarks in the local, bank,! now under American control. So on new deposits brought this up to 100,000. "Those 1 1 depositors certainly must thins j the Americans are here to stay," said Tibbits, "otherwise they ) wouldn't put , themselves on record and risk nazi reprisaL" ' ...j Nazi propaganda inadvertent ly helpedjGoetcheus get local co-' operation. Radios were not con-i fiscated and the people were en couraged ''m listen to any broad casts they wished. Once they heard a nazi report that Monschau had been retaken i by the Germans. This drew a laugh. Mother broadcast told that the Americans were killing and raping the citizens. This sharply reminded the people of the correct treatment they were getting under the military gov ' ernmentii j j . There is a food problem here, but paradoxically, there Is plen ty of meat Steak is easier to Germany plotted for a second nd than fresh vegetables, since trial at arms. True, the Germans wanted a larger army than the 100,000 authorized in the Wehr macht1 and a greater naval and air force their national pride demanded them. But until the freak gangster Hitler came along and whipped up their war spirit I believe .the 1 j German people were content to work out their destiny without resort to arms. Hitler by his propaganda fanned into belief the false story that the German army was not de feated but stabbed in the back by revolution at home, and in flamed the people with his de nunciation of the "crime of Ver sailles" and its war-guilt clause. When Hitler pressed farther than appeasers would go, war came. It You cannot safely predict the future of . nations over a long span . of ' years. Circumstances which we call accidental or for tuitous occur which are unpre dictable. Most of all Is It im possible to predict the kind or quality of , the leadership a quarter-century ahead when social conditions are in flux. i The only thing as individuals and as a nation ; we can do is to exercise , the best judgment we can on each issue as it arises, trying to relate It to the stream of history, so our 1 decisions will prove wise. That done, there j is no use in lamenting errors lot Judgment which only time will reveal. j There is nothing to be gained In self-condemnation over the what-mlght-ha ve-beens growing out of the first world war. They . are so purely- speculative there . is scant foundation for regret Let us try then today to catch again something of that original glow of , joy which flushed our faces that historic day 26 years ago. t'; - ' j the nearby ! nasturaee area is limited and it is necessary to slaughter a portion of the live stock. m ;; i . The police chief and six un armed i patrolmen keep order among the civilians. In nearby villages, a1 German burgomaster appointed ! by the military gov ernment , also acts as local con stable. Monschau is the admin istrative .center -of the landkreis fcountTV nf Mrwvcrhan Kut of the landkreis remains to be cleared of enemy troops. instruction Record for October High -,1111 . , o . Outstripped by one permit is sued the first day of thai month (representing an anticipated ex penditure of $113,000 in construc tion of a new Dairy Cooperative association; j plant), building per mit for October were higher than for any earlier month in the year' with, the exception of January. During the first month of 1944 permits were Issued for approxi mately $34,000 worth of construc tion. - ; -; Permits issued In the office of the city building inspector last month were for expenditures to taling $33,760 of which $21,765 was earmarked for new construc tion, $11,995 for alterations and repairs. j - September's permits represent ed $ I with $1615 for new building and $9637 for alterations and repairs.! October, 1 1 1943, permits repre sented $10,461, of which $850 was for new building and $9611 for alterations and repairs. The Chsra desert has;an area f r-trs tu-n 2,CC0,C: 5 . square j 11 Jo Stevens "nil " . : . i i - A LifetimeGift The gift of fUtwear in s sterling silver, will .. grow , : more beautiful with use through the years.: Buy one piece or a complete set Several patterns to choose from. Credit if desired. & " - '