?ac2 roun
The OHTGO:i CTATCMAn. Cderu Oregon, Tuesday Merging. IToTCsibet 7. 1S44
i i "Wo favor Sways C7; tfe fear Shotl Aw? .'
. rrom First Statesman, March 23, 1H1 ' , '
THE STATESMAN PUBLISHING COMPANY
COKELUS A. SPRAGUE, Cditor and Publisher ;
Member of the Associated Press .
The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all
news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited In this newspaper. '
Food Needs of Russia
y Just returned from Russia, Lt CoL Ralph W.
Olmstead reports that the food situation in that
country is "unbelievably difficult," Most of the
people of Russia subsist on a diet of black
bread, boiled potatoes and cabbage. He thinks
the United States will need to ship food to Rus
sia for the next three years. For over a year
that country will need all the food for which
shipping space can be provided.
This might afford some outlet for the surplus
'that will show up in this country when the war
ends. The business may need to be done on cre
dit for a time, but Russia can make payment
eventually, It is reported that Russia expects
to pay for all the lend-lease supplies now be
ing furnished.'
It is true that Russia suffered most severely
of any nation in the extent of its territory being
overrun! and damaged by the Germans. The rich
Ukraine was all occupied, though the Germans
failed to get much good out of it Shortage of
manpower and machinery delays the restoration
of full production in the recovered areas.
Russia has always been on the margin of
subsistence. With all its fine power plants and
new subways in Moscow the people generally
have been hungry or with a very narrow margin
of sufficiency in foodstuffs. The land lies far
in the north, and the climate makes crops un
certain.) Perhaps irrigation and other develop
ments in Soviet Asia may increase food sup
plies,, but the population keeps on growing and
transportation is still inadequate.
For decades Russia will be fully occupied
within its cswn borders, rebuilding its plant, re
storing jits farms, extending its transportation
system j by rail, road and air, and '-developing
its mineral resources. As it reaches economic
security the country should be more hospitable
and its; internal politics more relaxed. Until that
time our country can be of real assistance to
Election Pre-Mortem
This is the day the voters are saving the coun
try but they will not know until tomorrow
what or whom, they are saving it from. : .
In a day or two now we will get our tax
statements. They will not show the tax reduc
tions promised by candidates but will show the
increases voted by the taxpayers, when in an
expansive mood. M. ! .
Besides the luxury; of a national and state
campaign Klamath Falls has the thrill of a
municipal "election with four candidates for
mayor. ! i : '
The failure of straw ballots this year to show
"which way the wind is blowing" wasn't due
to any lack of wind. I i '
- In Stanford university's mock election Dew
ey won over Roosevelt 857 to 385. The demo
crats will probably taunt fHooverville." i .
"... .-.'j--. -.I: -j -nKr" :- -I
This being election day, The Statesman sus
pends political comment Will be on business
at this stand tomorrow, however.
Russia,
without sacrifice to itself.
- How the "Winner May Lose
Several persons have asked The Statesman
to explain how a presidential candidate could
poll more popular votes than his rjval and still
lose 'the electoral vote and therefore the elec
tion. This is because we do not vote for presi
dent directly but for electors by states.
(Such has; happened twice in United States
history). j .
t The answer lies in the margins candidates
might poll in various states,
v Tor, Instance: assume there are four states,
i each with a voting registration of 1,000,000 and
each with ah electoral vote of 10.
000 votes in each, and loses one, polling but
100,000 votes in thelalter. By winning three
states, he wins 30 electoral votes and, there-
fore, the election. And hi total popular vote
is. 1,900,000.
. The other candidate would poll 400,000 votes
in each of the three states he lost and 900,000
votes in the state he won. He got but 10 elec
toral votes, but his total popular vote' was 2,
100,000. -
' ; It is through variations of this exigency that
fit is possible for a presidential winner to have
I fewer popular votes than the loser.
And now 40 shopping days till Christmas.
Second Front I '
. )-'- : f -
It's about time we agitated for a second front
in the Pacific war, say one by the British based
on India and down to Singapore. The long-range
bombings of Singapore and Sumatra may be a
cue. It would seem more practical to swing an
amphibious operation along the Malay penin
sula or on Java than to try to drive through
Burma into China. . i Is
The British fleet is now massing in the In
dian ocean; India has millions of troops; Aus
tralia has men and machines. Why; not a stroke
in the area between the Pacific and Indian
oceans while MacArthur and Halsey keep the
Japs occupied farther south?
A Japanese Domei broadcast announces the
death of another Japanese admiral of "compli
cations of the liver." This is a variation from
yie recent deaths in airplane accidents. The
complications" may have been due to the ad
miral's sticking his sword into his liver in the
traditional hari-kari manner.
i The British will have more to eat this Christ
mas. The food .administration there is tapping
secret larders with 20,000 tons of food that had
. been held in reserve against invasion.
As predicted the pollsters are not laying any
thing on the line themselves in this election.
"They don't1 want to be caught off base like the
; late Lit Dig. t :
- V-"-' Jg"
. "v;-'- 1- ' t . s : . ? ' : -'" -' '--'""-':'.5 ; -
( - 1 j v - ....... . ' 4.. . i . . ,
' Xombot Faflgrue I " :
. ' .. . " v Almost EnSrslr a
: j - Physlccd CosdiSon ,
.T '.-' . ' ,, .-. ' "'.-;,:" v. - ; . : '. " .'
'f SMSMMHMHnMHSVHBaMHSSMSMaMSMS
.WITH THE AEF IN TRANCE,
Oct 23- (Delayed) - (ff) - Up to
now, there seems to have been no
general understanding of the bat-
1 1 conditions;
which was
termed "shell
shock' in world
war X and is be
ing defined as
"exhaustion or
"combat fa-;
tigue" in world
war IL ?;'-('.
There does;
seem to be a f
danger, how-l
ever, that, just Kenneth . L. Dixoa
, as thousands of lives were wreck
ed by shame during and after
iTFfD iTmra
The Indispensable Man9
Tho Literary
GUldCDOGt
By JOHN SELBT
Jim Fly has resigned from the federal com
munications commission. That will please a
1 lot of radio owners who have been saying "Shoo
U We have reached the point in the national
: 'campaign when both sides "hope for the best
and fear for the worst" ;
Editorial Comment
, FAS EAST
Rumored differences between - Geheral Stilwell
: and Admiral Louis Mountbatten, if they existed,
were not personal, but clashes of national policy
.'which on our side at least is not very precisely de-
fined. T.:;r''.'w.-, rT-'
We cannot say, as the rumors have IV that the
. British are not so keen for a strong post-war China
as the United States would like to have established
-' But it is not disputable that the British have co
, lonial interests in Asia and we have not
-, Due to whatever cause, the British high strategy
'evidently does not, press for a strong move in the'
Bengal area. This and other circumstances indicate
there is not complete accord in British and Amer
ican objectives here except the main purpose 'that
the Japanese must be completely defeated and ex
pelled from tht territories into which they have
; forced entry It is not even remotely a reflection
i on the entire sincerity of the British on this point
Vto observe that in the methods of achieving it there
4 seems to be a lack of accord with American con
j cepUons.
V .' Di vergences on side issues are doing the main
enterprise no good. It is not to be expected that
' conflicts of opinion or interests will be eliminated.
-But it is practical te urge that where such differ
; ences do exist they be open disagreements, frankly
. statei-and frankly dealt with.;:; 4 V
r There are areas of opinion in which there can
be mutual recognition of practical issues. Mr. Roose
til or ether American policy makers and the
British long-range strategists should get to a com-'
r :on understanding on policies in the Far East at
past o far as they "affect the present Joint effort
! San Francisco Chronlcfe.
"Out of Bounds" I
Bend's Bob Sawyer calls attention to
' Salem being put "out of bounds' for Cor
. vallis. marines. We shall expect. Chas.
, Sprague to say they absorbed a bit too I,
much of that old time Salem "culture." 1
- Eugene Register-Guard '
We have been waiting for the boys Up the
creek to poke a little fun at Salem. - .
Just why Salem was declared "out of bounds"
for marines from Coryallis remains the No. one
marine secret The marine (colonel) landed
(on Salem), but he doesn't seem to have the lo
cal situation very well in hand. ..
The only thing we know happened was that
a few marines got in a fight in the local Shang
hai restaurant. But then we thought they were
preparing to fight in China, and this would be
only a. practice game. Evidently the colonel
doesn't want his boys to breathe any air less
;pure than that of Corvallis. (Now Claude, you
carry the ball). ;J M
1 i "
Henry Ford II says that 40,000,000 Americans
will want new autos after the war. That must
include the 15-year olds who used to be satis
fied with hand-me-downs.
Interpreting ii
The War News
K1RKE L. SIMPSON
ASSOCIATED PRESS WAR ANALYST
y With another German army driven finally north .
of the Maas in Holland, blowing bridges to delay
allied pursuit there is full warrant for nazi ex--pectation
'of a new British assault on the Arnhem
pivot of $ower Rhine defenses. However Berlin
reports that it has. Started still Jack confirmation.
There seems small reason to expect an allied at-
tempt to force the Maas itself. Beyond' it lie the'
Waal and the Dutch Jthine to give the f
sive moated fronts on which to stand. But in the
Arnhem Sector only , the western braiicn ol us
. Neder Rhine stands in the way of snapping shut
a trap on the battered German divisions still inj
north central Holland.' : !
, It remains to be seen whether allied strategy that
dictated the task of clearing the approaches to Ant
werp is aimed at isolating what is left of the brok
en nazi 15th army, or was designed to pave the way
for a new push eastward via the; Amhem-Emmer-f
ieh gateway to the north German plains.
The nazi high command' seems in no doubt, how-
- ever, that the most powerful and concentrated al-.
lied offensive since the break-through in Nor
mandy is close at hand in Holland. The. Germans!
apparently feel the, American first army see-saw,
drive in the Hurtgen forest sector below Aachen
is an element of that impending major assault
The fury of German resistance to the American
attempt to outflank the Duren roadblock on the
way to Cologne or to a deployment northeastward
into the Cologne plain west of the Rhine indicates
the significance the Germans attach to that oper-,
ation. They were obviously caught 1 off balance at
first permitting first army units to dig a four milt
deep dent Heavy nazi reserves have been poured in
since then with tiny German villages changing,
hands repeatedly in the ebb and flow of the fight.-
Berlin , reports that allied air 'troops had again'
been dropped in the Arnhem region in another,
effort to. seize the all important bridge over the
Neder Rhine find no reflection in allied bulletins.1
It seems doubtful that it would be attempted again'
in view of the known strength of German forces
there. Field Marshal Montgomery needs more Width
of froni for an eastward drive than he has yet
gained in the Arnhem corner and the most likely
place to secure it at the moment would be north
ward, across the Dutch Rhine west of Arnhem.
A successful drive to close the corridor north of
Arnhem to the. shores of the Zuider Zee would
forestall aid to the nazi garrison on the east bank
of the Neder. Rhine, It would also pave the way for
allied outflanking of the Arnhem pivot from the
T north. r-r-"5 ' :,i U,'-:-:y--: l
Whatever allied plans!' may- bej there is 'every
reason to expect them to be put into effect prompt
ly now that the south bank of th Maas has been
cleared for practically its entire length and the
northern flank of the Arnhem salient been fully
secured against counter attack
"JOHN C CALHOUN, NATIONAL
IST." fcy ChariM M. WOto (Befcbs-
Merrttl; S3.7S). (
Just as Hamilton Basso settles
down in his new Connecticut
house to begin his Calhoun proj
ect, which includes a 2-volume
biography of John C. Calhoun
and four related novels covering
the same period, another biog
raphy of the great Carolinian ap
pears. This is by Charles M.
Wiltse, and bears the title, "John
C. Calhoun, Nationalist" It car
ries the story down to the begin
ning of Jackson's presidency in,
time, and down to the day when
Calhoun at last had decided upon
bis own remedy for the difficul-,
ties of the United Spates. "This
was, of course, a belief in the
sovereignty of the states. Cal
houn would use this principle as
a means of preserving the Un
ion. Evidently, this is the first of
two volumes by Mr. Wiltse. It
will also be a surprise for those'
who think of Calhoun as a rather
dessicated old gentleman. He
was that In his later years, but
except for the burning eyes of.
' the Covenanter he was a roman
tic figure in the period of Mr.
j Wiltse's jfirst volume.
He was the first really great
figure out of the South Carolina
Piedmont a man whose fore
bears had arrived in the Pied
mont from Scotland by way of
Ireland, Pennsylvania, . and
Southern Virginia. . John Cal-
Calhoun's father Patrick fought
the plantation aristocracy of the
lowlands with considerable suc
cess, and became prominent as
a leader of the small-farmer
class in its long battle for equal
representation with the rice and
indigo growers. Patrick Calhoun
was a tough nut too tough for
the average lowland jaw. Hi
son was tough, too, but more
supple.' - . --vi- f
John Calhoun's first work in
the House of Representatives was
to help Clay bring on a useless;,
war, that of 1812. His service as
Monroe's secretary of war wit
valuable and as vice-president he
was a founder of Jacksonian de
mocracy. He was also one of th
first men to try to use his1 under-:
standing of the industrial reyo-i
lution in the creation of a politi-
News Behind the News
By PAUL MALLON - ,
(Distribution by King Features Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction In whole
i or in part strictly prohibited.)
'fc
Paul MUM
WASHINGTON, Nov. 6 This
is the day when everyone starts
laying down the adjectives quiet
, ly and begins acting nice. -
There is .less cause for the
quadrenniel metamorphosis this
. time than usual.
It has been an
unusually clean
campaign.
Of course, the
frenzied few
p managed to call
each other liars,
but not many
proved it and
after all anyone
in politics is
supposed to be
ITfiarMew days? So the charge ;
is hardly sensational.
a matter of fact I achieve
the distinction of being called a
liar by four or five of my 10,
000,000 readers (circulation go
ing up) for having quoted Mr. R.
as saying In his, Boston speech
that he would never send our
boys abroad in foreign wars (the
same as now raging).
They thought he added the
words "unless attacked.' He
didn't Not in the Boston speech,
although he may nave added It
in some other remarks. I just
told those readers to apply to a
New York newspaper which of
: f ered some thousands of dollars
, to anyone who could prove the
president contrived an out for
himself carefully and slyly in the
Boston address, and as far as I
know no money has changed
hands. -v :- r...
The newsmen here who follow
such things closely say the best
campaign speech was made by a
movie actor, but newsmen are ,
accustomed to- overemphasis.1
They make a living at it
I - always had thought movie
actor were like Orson Welles,
who conducts himself preposter
ously, as if he did not expect
anyone to think he was genuine,
and behaves generally as a lat
ter : day John Barrymore, ,in a
more childlike sort of way.
The mere sight of his cherubic
countenance enrages me more
than anything except possibly
cal program. ,' Mr. ' Wiltse has
made good use of fine material.
"THE YOUNG IDEA" i By Mossier
Eas it ever eccnrrei te yo t it there, iryjbe someone ebeT,' gej
the enigmatic physiognomy of a
person called Sinatra who seems
to have a hold on some adoles
cents which I do not understand.
It certainly is not sex appeal, a
quality which I generally recog
nize in an instant It must be
psychic in some peculiar publi
city aspect (I suspect Steve Han-
; nagan, who created the national
hallucination that the girls in
Miami are bathing beauties, .
whereas they generally are four
to five feet wide, is behind! him).
At any rate, they say the best
campaign speech was made by
Gary Cooper. He got up before
the microphone as a Montana
. boy instead of an actor and said
i out there people were generally.
' known by the company they
keep, and he did not like Mr.
Roosevelt's company. Just that
. What , is more sensational he.
wrote it , himself and only three
words were changed in the
script That is probably why it
sounded good. A sincere or gen-
I uine thing offered in this fiction
world we live in stands Out like
a mountain. :
Hollywood apparently ; never
has been so evenly divided be
fore, but then neither has the
country. I thought the actors al
ways spoke out according to
what their, bosses wanted, but
they say this was not entirely!
true this time. Some of the ac-
. tors insisted on speaking for what
they actually believed. 1
Apparently the political charm
which Mr. R. has held over the
country! that anyone who did not
agree with him was j sort of
devil or reactionary has' been
broken. This is the outstanding
development of the campaign.
For Mr. Roosevelt I would say
his campaign exhibited an amaz
ing self-courage. ,He spoke from
a wheelchair at the teamster din
ner and had to sit down while
speaking at the foreign policy
association. 1 k .
Athough these facts were re
counted in the newsreels so any
eye could see, the newspapers
never mentioned the facts to-my
knowledge, although these facts
had nothing to do with his per
manent disability, as he always
had stood before for his speeches.
The republicans were certainly
more than gracious to him in this
respect, and so was the press. : .
For ! Governor Dewey 1 1 would
say he conducted the cleanest
campaign of my generation. I
think he got in a little too much
of the "me too, but so did Roose
velt (He seized the Dewey plat
formfree enterprise, Incentive
capitalism, etc) 1 ,
It seems that if either of them
found j a good idea, the other
would' come out for it 1 Immedl-
. " ately. ! Dewey even got around
to endorsing the fair employment
practises committee which has
not practised what its name im
plies, but has followed muscling
in methods on the political line
of "the Marshall Field publica-
' tlons. (I understand PMs true
circulation is only 40,000 which
' may indicate how unpopular that
line really Is.) .
But Dewey got all his , facts
straight and showed himself to
be the careful Investigator which
he is. No one tossed him around.
? (The methods of the Ickes crowd
, of frenzied few being obviously
less popular this time.) In-general
Dewey narrowed the cam-
"paign down with his "me-toos'
to the point where he presented
the cast thaterything else be
: ing about equal, he proposed an
honest government without revo
lutionary changes. If you vote
for that today, I think you wl
(Continued from- page
made for the development of the
53- acres of the 'Bush Pasture to
which, the city : now holds title.
The survey might also review
possibilities for a riverside park,
the beautification of the acreage
on the river road where the sew
age disposal plant will be locat
ed, and for jan adequate recrea
tional field in north Salem.
' We have been accustomed ,to
think of parks merely as open
spaces with trees, grass and
flowers.: Cities with progressive
park programs however , are de
veloping facilities for the wider
public use of these open spaces:
playfields, picnicking spots, bri-,
die paths, water sports, floral
plots and nurseries, music pavil- .
ions, stadia. ( Salem certainly
can't get these all at once; but we
do need to get a vision of what
we ought to have as the city
grows. This calls for a compe
tent local authority, which the
city already has in its park
board, and expert advice which
can be had if the city will pay
forit :j:
The urgency about the Bush
Pasture tract is that that unless
the city acts now, the lands will
soon be sold for residential pur
poses, which means they- would
probably be lost forever as far as
a public park Is iconcerned.
! - . II
tnost. extreme
the last war, the same thing may
happen again. II j ji ? y. ,
Certainly, the men are not to
be blamed. Most have done far
more than their duty on the com
bat line... ; ;! fr;-.! .y
For over a year! I have studied
the exhaustion cases that I hap
pened to come in contact with
from the combat line as far back
as station and general hospitals.
At psychoneurotic centers," spe
cialists, discussed; Cases that have
developed since! ; Pearl i Harbor.
Out of it all has come this con
clusion:' - ' j 5;. r :-! j
Exhaustion is not a camouflage
term to cover cowardice or some
dreadful mental Alness. f
Exhaustion means just what it
says. It is almost entirely a phys
ical condition, iljt is true that
there are some j Imental causes,
but the best way to describe,
them is to say that if they indi
eate j lack of v Courage, . so does
plain ordinary worry. j
Thus, if exhaustion itself lo-
resents cowardice, so do stomach
Some of the
cases of exhaustion are th bra v.
rest soldiers. V: ;j- '
They are men decorated with
silver stars and j distinguished
service crosses and other evi
dence of their outstanding hero
ism. ! The final, proof that there
is nothing shameful about it that
none ere immune to it is shown
In the manner in which it attacks
the average person.!
War is full of j varied fear
breeding conditions " to which the
human body has certain standard
reactions. These) include palpi
tations of the heart, difficulty in
breaming, profuse sweating,
weakness of the limbs, loss of ap
petite,' disturbed sleep and many
similar symptoms. !j M
Normally, when the cause of
fear is removed-when the! ar
tillery barrage is lifted orf the
; bombing raid ends the symp
toms disappear. But this is true
- only so long as the body is strong ';
enough to throw them off. ' j
If j you sH talk I in terms of
courage in such cases,' youlj can
say that a well fed warmly
clothed and fully; rested healthy
soldier almost ' always is 1 the
,:
"bravest".
But when the
becomes cold, wet 1 land
worn out due to lack of sleep
food, it weakens. The limbs
their -strength and the mind
(Continued on 'page 5)
soldier's body
utterly
and.
UETTEES FOM STATESMAN tfEADfcftS ? f
if
DfTEDEKS vs. FBOGKESSIVES
To the Editor: j V' .'- :y : .
In your issue of Sunday, Octo
ber 29, my attention - has been
called to an article on page six,
P.G.E. vs. Bonneville.
: Several years ! ago the city had .
the opportunity! of buying the
Salem Water Co. for about .
$375,000, thereby a chance of a'
saving of over: $2,000,000 com
pared to the amount eventually,
paid, but the objectors to Sa
lem's progress voted down the
off er. Impeders to Salem's prog
ress are in evidence aain. All
business enterprises old - and
new are looking for lower power
rates. . ' -
Cheaper power would mean
progress and future prosperity
for Salem and vicinity.
Now it comes to light that the
city council did about four years
ago grant the Bonneville Power
Co. the right to set a ' measly
number of, 20 poles. . Again It
. comes to light that .a committee
of three councEmen was ( ap
pointed some time ago to f iron
out or conduct an investigation
as to the facts
P.G. E. and Bonneville.
; between!
the
But
somehow or other; this move or
report has been pigeonholed for;
or' by some influential reason or 1
otherwise. . ; j j ; -j .
The impeders of progress In
Salem are still running at large
and have the idea' that. one busi
ness establishment must or (can
have a life lease or franchise,
everl a s 1 1 n g 1 y and eteranally
(others keep out);Why? .
With this - spirit paramount
many business j concerns ' have !
been driven out' of Salem and'
progress in the. future of Salem
has the least and ! last' consider
ation. . ; ; ' (; T - 1 I"
Bonneville power was install
: ed at great cost for the future.
! development' hot : for Salem
(Continued pit page 7) i
: . " -ii 1 1 . 1
t Veterans1 Rights and Benefits
(This Is a portion of an official pamphlet giving 'j infonnation
on the rights and privilege of war veterans
I 1 under federal laws.) -"
Benefits for Dependents
GOVERNMENT INSURANCE
'i When a veteran dies, the Director of Insurance. Veterans' Ad
ministration, should be notified immediately so. that alf questions of
'insurance an be settled promptly. ; -.)f) ;s h,. ! ""--j ;
Upon the death of a person who carried Government insurance,
! the - Veterans. Administration . when . notified will 1 forward the ne
cessary blanks to the beneficiary. In the case of National Service
. Life Insurance, payments will be made by the Veterans Adminis
tration, not in one lump sum' but in 240 equal monthly payments It
1 the beneficiary is under 30 years of age; or in equal monthly install
ments for life is beneficiary is 30 or over. - v H
DEPENDENTS OF VETERANS RECEIVING I!
VOCATIONAL TRAINING - ,!
The pension of a disabled veteran who is receiving
vocational train
ing may, in some cases, be increased on account of a wife, husband, '
' children or dependent parents.
DISABLED DEPENDENTS
1 Any disabled dependent of employable age with a vocational handi-
leap may secure through the State Rehabilitation, .Agency special j
: training and other services necessary to prepare him for a job. An- i
ply to your State Board of Vocational Education,1 or inquire at the
.'nearest United States Employment Service office as! to the location
lof the State Rehabilitation Agency.1- J ' ;",;! J : :A .
a j .
OA
r
it
"v
1
i
SStevensi
j eweiry nianuiaciurea
and Repaired '
Wo ara equipped to remodel or repair
'antique or modern Jewelry ol all kinds.
. We also design and manulacture Jewel
ry right here in 'our own 'shop. ; Yes; we
do engraving too. - ,t '.' ' ."iifi "
Bay .
Another
Cend
1
1
U
a
Bay
Another
Bond
Uif it-