pags roua The OnLGOII STATXZMAXl. Sclera. Oregon, Thvn&aj. Morrla. October S. 1S44 . . Mmwm liS v - ' . "No From First Statesman. March 28, 1851 THE STATESMAN - PUBLISHING COMPANY CHARLES A. SPBAGUE, Editor and Publisher . Member of the Associated Press t The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use tor publication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise, credited in this newspaper. f. Cashing Bonds ; ' . ; .,. . : ,: There is no less need on the part of the gov ernment for money than there was when it sold" its bonds to the public. JThere is no greater need for money on the part of the purchasers of the bonds (as a whole) than there was" when they bought them. In fact, there is less, because incomes have continued high, allowing ample margins .for saving. Are . not individuals who cash them actuated more by temptation to spend than by necessity? I The government has made conversion of bonds into cash easy perhaps too easy by qua lifying banks as cashing agents. But simplifying the method of exchange ought not to be abused. People should not rush - down to cash - their bonds, for two reasons: first the government ; needs the money now; and second, the holders probably will need the money far worse at T some future date. Where the proceeds are to go into some permanent and needed investment, like a home or a farm (except at speculative prices) or where the funds are required for ed ucation or for meeting the expenses of illness, then the cashing of bonds may be justified, though regretted. What people need to do is consult their own conscience very prayerfully before they rush down to the bank to turn in the bonds which they bought : so patriotically and so proudly, let us hope, a fewynonths before. We like to ' boast of our record in the buying of E bonds. Why not stirta campaign for bragging about the holding of these bonds of our government? ? ! . , ' Dewey's Tax Program While the tax program advanced by Gover- m ? a i i . . a. nor uewey luesaay mgm may nave oeen oui tered a bit heavy in the way of promises of tax reductions, still the general program outlined was sound. It follows very closely the recom mendations of the committee on economic de velopment which has offered the sanest plan for ' federal taxes in the postwar period. This calls in brief for erasure of the excess profits tax when the war ends, reduction in corpora tion and income taxes as may be possible con sistent with revenue needs, and elimination of most of the excise taxes. The striking point which the republican can didate made was the need for simplification of our tax system. He pointed out that in this ad ministration there had been 15 changes of tax . laws in 11 years. Some of them have been ter rible. The blame does not rest alone on Roose velt and Morgenthau, for after all the congress writes the tax laws; but the democratic party has been in control of congress all this period and so must take responsibility for the absurd ities and complications of the' tax laws. - In this Dewey highlights the great trouble with, the present administration, both in the -executive and legislative departments: its ter rible , bungling which has caused 'waste, con fusion and uncertainty. Government simply 7" gets too much in people's hair. ' . : - A Jap admiral says the "forthcoming" battle of the Philippines will be 'the "greatest and most decisive battle" fought in the Pacific. Well, what are they waiting for? The Americans will meet them whenever they "come forth.'- Editorial Comment ' WILL RUSSIA FIGHT- JAPAN? All speculation about the length of time neces sary to defeat Japan has been based on the assump tion that Russia would not join the United States and England on the warfront Russia and Japan have a non-aggression treaty that both sides to date have kept scrupulously. Saturday, however, the official soviet newspa per, Pravda, published a dispatch that may or may not be significant The newspaper said that Japan was facing serious difficulties, and made it clear-to Russian readers that nothing can save the Japs from complete and crushing defeat. This in itself was a remarkably frank statement, ' considering the "friendly" state of Russo-Japanese relations. However, the soviet censor permitted the United Press correspondent to include an ob servation of bis own, in transmitting the dispatch. The Pravda message, the correspondent wrote, ' will be "read from one end of the soviet union to the other," and Is bound to have tremendous in fluence in preparing Russian public opinion for events in the Pacific Could it be that Stalin plans to enter .the war agnin Japan, after the United Nations complete ' their present Job in Europe? Some competent ob servers believe that this will be the case, arguing that Stalin has so many interests in Asia that he could not afford to stand aside while the United States, and England divide this "sphere of influ ence between them. . . One thing is certain. If Russia joins us in fight ing Japan, pessimistic predictions that at least two more years of fighting remain on this front will prove unfounded. For Russia already has main- -land bases almost in Japan's "back yard"; - bases from which American bombers could 'blast the ' very heart out of Japanese cities and war- indus tries. -The Dalles Chronicle.. THE NORTH'S FR0BLE3, TOO A good many -Southern Negroes 3iave moved norm in recent years, -especially 'started, to find more money and a not likely they ' have found much, AUKJ uv uvt umvw WJ HU 4u wun HI lie conveyances, and that may comfort them, but," all in all, they probably have found life in the north no better than in the south. -;!'.: v;;-;"" ? They are confined to egregated districts where rents are . high nd living conditions unhealthy. Their chances for employment are limited to ser vice, 'jobs and generally .menial positions. Their edueational privileges may he better, but they soon tUege-trained Ncsro is a Pullman porter or -an elevator crserstor b-cause he has found that white men will not give him a Job for which he is quali fied. J ' v - . In extreme youth the Ncro c:ild may not be aware of the situation that his dark skin places iurn, tr, , e ir.ia eJjlcaccnce. 'he sees that he's differ c r. i, ' .! tLafli: i3 oir.3 to be hard tor -hha' This. v - i3 tl:e rcar-njwhy there r- misggers and firr? t I.ocJ'.urr.s Li Il-rlcia -and. elsewhere the your- trrs crs turneJ titter at -an., early r-3 when tl.:;' ' 2 t chances are erainst then. :.'ew Yoik Daily News. Favor Sways Us; No Fear Shall Sheep in Wolf For?- 7 --,: since ine war freer life. It is more freedom. Am" . - When Governor Dewey at Seattle gave sup port to the continuance of "labor's social gains' and the "Wagner labor relations act in particu- lar, and in San Francisco endorsement to low interest rates and price support for agriculture and job opportunities by government if private enterprise failed and in Los Angeles approval of extension of social security and medical care to all classes, the democrats accused him of try ing to take over the new. deal. Conservative republicans may have felt he was endeavoring to "out-Willkie Roosevelt," But now we see Harry Hopkins trying to woo the voters on the "other side of the tracks" the uphill side, that is. In an article in Ameri can magazine Hopkins outlines a program "for full postwar employment," the base of which is private enterprise. He urges removal of the ex cess profits tax. Private enterprise, he says, can assure maximum employment, with gov ernment spending playing purely a , supple mental role. He admits that vast public works alone cannot abolish unemployment He urges that care be exercised in the disposition of fa ' cilities and war surpluses "so. as to minimize the interference with private production and maximize the output of private establishments." He is copying Dewey and Bricker'i stuff. ' What do we have here, a sheep trying to get into wolfs clothing? One is 'reminded of the old quotation about . , ' . .. -.. 7 ..... "Who stole the livery of a man the court ' of heaven ' - ;! " ':'.) i' l: To serve the devil in." t . " ! ' . -f... . j ..: Clayton Resigns j William S. Clayton has resigned as surplus property administrator. Clayton is the country's biggest cotton merchant, friend of Jesse Jones, and . as a big business man was under suspi cion from the new deal section in and out of government. The bill for surplus property dis posal was rigged with a three-man board, which Clayton said he would not work under. The bill has been passed and signed, and Clayton is quitting. That however, was probably, what framers of the bill wanted to nave happen.' At that Slayton wasn't getting - off to too good a start. For the disposal of real estate he had the RFC set up as an entire new section to handle the business. Other departments, such as agriculture and interior, have had long ex perience in land matters and could have done a better job for the country. t Disposing of this surplus will be a grade A headache for anyone who attempts it The clash of interests will be so sharp that those in charge will be damned for what they do and damned for v what they don't doIn any case the government is sure to "have to take heavy losses in many categories V- t- . 7 ; Big Trees 'The St Helens Sentinel-Mist which is pub lisheddown in the forest of stumps of Colum bia' county has a story about big trees. The West Coast Lumberman fold of the recent falling of a tree (the S-M doesn't say where) which scaled over 44,000 board feet Of course such a report suggests "now you tell one" to the Paul Bunyans of the fir country. So the Sentinel Mist reports that over in Washington fallen for the Weyerhauser Timber Co. at Longview cut down a tree from which 11 logs were, obtained which scaled 71,542 board Jeet - l- It was estimated that the lumber of the tree first mentioned would be sufficient for the con struction of three' large-sized houses. Now the lumber is going into barracks and warehouses and bridges and docks at army and navy spots all over the world. When it gets its discharge' from war it will again go into houses and barns and mills. . ::i ; The cigarette shortage hits the west pretty hard. There are no cornsilk or mullen leaves to use for substitutes. - Dnterpreting The War News K1RKE L. SIMPSON ASSOCIATED PRESS WAR ANALYST Nazi hopes of warding off an allied sweep to or beyond the Rhine before winter are ebbing fast as American troops bludgeon their way through or around the Aachen and Mets redoubts of the Siegfried line. -J -. ;; ' Tank exploitation of an infantry achieved gap . in Siegfried positions north of! Aachen bn a three mile front was reported in process from American first army headquarters. In the south, the Fort Driant bastion of the Metz fortification system on the Moselle seemed firmly in the grip of third ' army comrades. j ! ' The gravity of the situation for the foe was un derscored in a fanatical outburst by Dr. Goebbels, nazi propagandist in chief.-An all out allied attack has opened, he said, calling for "a rampart of (Ger man) bodies, young and old to bring it to a halt should It "temporarily succeed in advancing." The enemy must be prepared to find (in Ger many) a fanatical population at the front and in his rear which will harrass him without pause," -the nazi radio quoted Goebbels as saying. Allied forces are not deep enough In Germany yet to test effectually the civilian response to that . desperate plea, The same voice-of-nazism has so often told them that Hitler's fortress Europe was invulnerable and - the "west wall impenetrable that Goebbels must be a prophet little honored by JrrtrtTcent Germans. ( ; '-vt . Nor has the full force of that Goebbels-announced -allied -assault yet been : felt American advances against the Aachen and Metz defense pivots still appear ju essential . preliminaries for a renewed British thrust at the Arnhem gateway to the Rhine in the north. That way is still the shortest road to the heart of Germany v It is there behind the low er Shine that picked nazi storm-troop divisions, not fiacpset fortifications, bar the way. r ; ? , Southeastward f meanwhile . the Russian menace to Hungary, Ignored in the radio broadcast ex . cerpts of Goebbel's frenzied plea for a fiht to the death within Germany Itself, rose ominously over-. niht -Sweeping up both sides of the Danube on a Wide front in Yugoslavia red army columns neared Eelgrad and a Junction with Tito partisans below - Budapest ' ""' " '" 'i Progress of the Other The Literary Guidcpost j -y'.Bjr JOHN SELBT ; I "IUTI AND HIGH HEAVKK," hf GwvOuOjra Grakam ' (LtpplaeMt; :4::sly:;' n, Some time 'ago a manuscript came wandering into New .York .from a comparatively unknown Canadian writer named Gwetha lyn Graham. On the jacket of the resulting "Earth and High Heaven" a lyrical blurbist says Miss Graham's story has- stirred up a feverish excitement in the publishing world"; that the first reader at Lippincott's greeted it "with vocal delight"; that, when the script was sent to the maga zines, the first editor to view it wrote, CoUier's taction depart ment is dancing in the streets!" and lastly, that ' the' .Uieraryj ' Guild "snapped it up" for a se4 lection. . r..' J'?5v:. f-' , A Miss Graham's story of a Jew ish boy and a Gentile girl in . the throes of genuine love is nice, but I have no intention of Joining Collier's block -party. The ques tion with such a novel always is whether the intellectual appreci ation of the problem (and the in telligence of the; solution) is such as to make reopening a curiously touchy matter - worthwhile. ' , In this case I think the answer is no but this has no bearing on the saleability of the book, which will be considerable because peo ple are race-minded these days, and, anyway, what Rudy Vallee used to sing of as "lahve" is al- . ways a potent money-maker. Miss Graham has the super Gentile parents of the girl refuse to see the boy, and the super4 Jewish parents of the boy cluck at their son land say it won't work. She has the boy fail his in ner conviction, which. is that if the two of them love each other deeply enough, nothing can de- . stroy their life together, not even a lot of snobs and snobism. The boy therefore "releases" the girl, who does' not want to be released, even . after , spending a dreary three days with him outside the so-called bonds of matrimony. And then the boy's r brother comes in from his doctor's office, determines that the girl wants to go through with it (by asking, a means her fiance seems not to have thought of) and brings the unhappy pair "back to each oth er's arms. Miss Graham rides a "THE YOUNG IDEA" By Mossier ."Honestly, Cynthia, if rtrcclag ' hackneyed, I'd War News Behind the News By PAUL MALLON (Distribution by King Features Syndicate, Inc. Reproduction In whole ' or in part strictly prohibited.) ' v , WASHINGTON, Oct 4- tP) There is a commonly prevailing notion the republicans will win v congress even if I .Governor, Dew- 1 ey loses. : -" ,This Is an easy assumption " which takes the fullest possible liberties with the inner facts of the situation. - Careful check suggests rather that the election fui nalion of Dewey is essential to bring -both houses of congress- into the republican column. Or rather It C -fc," unless the voters go in. for an unprecedented amount of ticket splitting and .turn entirely away from the democratic list after checking Mr. Roosevelt The republicans have their best chance in the house. There the lineup today is: , Republican 212, democrat 216, vacancies 3. other parties 4. ' Wtihout the aid of a pencil, a . glancing observer might conclude j the house to be certainly repub : lican as only six more seats are needed. Maybe but the un-no-v ticed fact inside the matter is that the - republicans already ' . fully hold the congressional field . outside the cities and the rigid, if not solid, south. They may logically figure to pick up a seat in Seattle, 1 or 2 in Kentucky 1 in Wisconsin and some others ; similarly scattered. But unless Dewey pulls in a lot of districts now designated dem ocratic (or there is heavy ticket splitting) a republican majority in the house cannot now be cal culated in the strong terms that - are being used on the stump and - among the commentators. Strong republican gains in the ' senate are sure. Offhand; about six democratic seats are certainly in such dire" danger that the re '.' publicans already have one hand on them, and the democratic loss will no doubt be greater, even if Mr. Roosevelt - oozes . through. . ' (Hazardously ' held democratic seats include those of Idaho, - theme that will get attention, but rides in no particular direction. away from home weren't s da THATT --- :'.:r Mr Xe? Utah, Oklahoma, Missouri, Illi nois, Iowa, New Jersey, and doubtful are California, New .York, Kentucky, Maryland and Connecticut) - But a gain of 12 seats is neces sary for the republicans to win the senate, and this is at least twice as difficult an assumption to accept at this time. People do not appreciate the critical importance of congres sional elections, no doubt because they cannot visualize so many races around the country, where as the presidential race is ex pressed in two single opposing - personaliu'es. V ' :Tr, s' But it has equal Irnportance this year with the presidency up-! on the future course of . govern- ' ment " ' ' . ' . J;-- Ohio's Senator. Burton (repub lican) has said that inasmuch as the .congress is, certain 'to con tinue as anti-new deal (and it is) the voters 1 can get a coherent government only by. -electing. -Dewey. .' - k -, 'The southern 'democrats are answering back that they may be anti-new deal but as yet not re publican. ; --This is true, but on economic issues the important one which -will make the country what it is' to"be they will vote more often as republicans will vote than as new dealers do. ' . ; The following conclusions are - assurableri '..ir,--.---,-fe: -, ' The new deal is dead and can-! not be revived- Mr. Roosevelt will have no chance to swing; both houses to hisiway upon any' controversial . issue, national or international, unless he gets the votes out of the republican party. . The Hillman crowd which . is backinjg him can be paid off only in executive actions, not by gov-r ernmental action. ; '..t ' In short Mr. R,s victory would, continue a stalemate in which " the king may squirm and com plain, but can seldom make him self successfully heard. - ... A Dewey victory would bring a, new kind of government with,; an affirmative program Jikely to be carried t through. It would bring a reform government and signify a return to one-party management of national affairs. Today's Garden By LILUE MADSEN Mrs. A. G. O. wants to know if the osage-orange .will grow here. Says she came from the midwest; and there used to be hedges of this plant there.' She plans to use it as a hedge on her farm but has seen none growing here so wondered if the rains would kill it '.;.,. - , . Ana.: No, the .- rains do not seem to harm the osage-orange. There are a few hedges growing in Marion county. ' I remember seeing one growing here when I was little. It was very large, but X. think this one : has been re moved in recent years. . The os age orange is a member of the mulberry family. It survives re peated browsing by livestock and is toot fussy about the soit Mrs. M. I T. asks if the fer raria will survive - the winter here or if it has to be taken in doors. : :w. i.f i' : "'. y -; Ans.: I understand that it will survive our winters very, welt It may be lifted and stored like gladiolus, but I am told it does not need to be. The bulb should be planted six inches deep and in a location where it has full sun. It's native haunt is South Africa and it is related to the iris family. .. ,; ; . - "' ..ill JLi WITH THE AEF IN FRANCE, Sept. 28-(Delayed)-i?VCour-" age of an almost awesome nature has the habit prr of cropping up ;in sbrange pla- ces right in the middle of r w h a t t h "thoughiless might call "cow' ardfee" and ' When : it comes' it. brings a I . v flashing mom- f ' " . ' M,iw- Kenneth L. Oixon a memory which never fades. , . t Water and steel fell around a little French . stable, seemingly In about equal proportions. The ' rain brought wet misery and the mortars brought death but nobody moved to go ; inside .. where thick walls would have meant shelter. . ."It's mines," said one shiver ing soldier, standing as if rooted la the muddy barnyard. "Mines : and boobytraps. They're everywhere.- It's probably alive with t 'em inside. For that matter they're all around here. I tell you I'm afraid even to move. His voice rose several notes as - he finished speaking.- r j Faces of nearby soldiers all told the same story. - Tension pulled ' their, muscles . tight and left little white lines around ( their mouths and noses.. . There Vas a touch of "wildness in ev 'ery eye. And these riflemen and , medical men were not rookies. , Every man standing there was a veteran of many months com bat in Italy and some had been through the Tunisian campaigns: But as the mortars fell closer, their explosions seeming to bracket the stable, every man re mained frozen exposed but not daring to move to reach, cover. They watched a doughboy hur- - lying across a little pasture to ward them. They saw his body twist rise . slightly, and then crumple and saw the blossiming burst of dirt even before , the (Continued trum Page:!) , and left;, but people are in the money,' so what the heckl , A.deo aide and , more, ago, however, to touch the tax nerve would make a man Jump through three hoops, with warwhoop accompaniment. Then property-owners stormed the office of the governor or committee rooms of the legisla- ture demanding tax relief, tax moratorium or tax shifting to other groups. . When the incomes shrink, the ' people will quickly get tax-neuritis again. . T 1 ' The value of a clinic such as this is that it permits sober con sideration of tax problems free from the pressures of other in teresbrauch as prevails during a legislature. While sometimes tax associations develop the complex that their job is to hold down taxes there is also a great field for the study of the fair appor tionment of tax burdens. Society has been steadily assuming more burdens education, welfare be- ' ing the latest but the structure of taxation has been like Topsy; it just growed, until many times it "is topsy-turvy. .- While the one who ' raises a warning sign against debt and added tax levies may be striking a sour tone in good times, such is the seat of. the people . for im provements ' and- of communities to "keep up with the .Jonses still it - is necessary to take a long-range view of tax burdens which will continue for years -ahead. One -generation must not bite oft more than the next gen eration can digest There has been too much of that in the past -This kind of conference en- deayors to take the long view on taxation, so communities may avoid - the V pains : that have plagued them before. Since the future development of the state ' depends so much on the sound ness and fairness of its taxing system it Is well to get the views of men in business who wm make the decisions that will de termine the extent of this devel opment The voice of business is not only the voice of self-interest It is also the "voice of experience." 1 OFF Ste veils CHRISTMAS GIFTS FOR OVERSEAS v' Of course you're goincj to remember that man-or woman in. the service . . . but be sure to mail your aifta early i-V1 ?eni to 9t there in time ior-Christnas. ' All aifts for the Army must be mailed by October 15tk For other services by October 31st . . "' - Make your selecUons from our'newcrift canteen" and you're sure to please. " . -. . , - 7e 721 Wrap cmd I lea Your Credit H Dsdred V PIxca Discovers ; Courage Crops Up la Cttxxnce Flacea sound of the nuWs blast reached their ears. They crouched like cringing statues for a moment longer; but the first" agonized, high-pitdied scream melted the terror,; ., -v.-- Like men who have seen this happen a million times before, they broke into two groups. Four doughboyr dropped their4 car bines and ran across the pasture 4 pasture which they -knew, was : planted- heavily with other mine, a nasture which 'a -mo ment before they did not dare to set foot on. .-j . Two litter bearers ran' toward the stable wall where litter was dropped. They picked it up - and ran after--the four soldiers who. by now had readied - the still - screaming doughboy. They picked him up, laid him care fully on the litter : and started back toward the stable. Xx-."J' 5 . . . .. mm - Meanwmie me coy wno saia he was afraid even to move had j : trail and came back with a med- The doctor bent -over the lit ter. He did , tilings quickly and then issued low - voiced or : der. The litter bearers started ; down the trail toward the near est spot where they .were likely - to find an ambulance, .with the ' medical officer: walking . along side. :'--' V.:..;" n . i !- v..' ; ' - , , Coming back toward -the sta ble, the soldiers suddenly seemed aware "of the dangers underfoot ' again and picked their waygin- gerly' across the pasture. ' x In a rnatter,6f moments the Whole picture' was the same "as it was before the mine -blew1 up. The doc says he probably won't live long enough to get to a-, hospital," said - someone.. "He lost too much blood al- 'l ready," said another. j The rain was still falling. The mortars were still falling. Sol diers' bodies crouched again like men waiting: to feel the whip lash on their bare backs. Little white lines reappeared on meir .faces.'.:;- f.:f;..-:-'-ni Nobody- moved v toward the shelter of the stable door. 800 Wright Strikers Vote Return to Job PATERSON, ' NJ, Oct 4 -() About , tOO ' striking ' supervisory employes of the Wright Aeronau- joos, enaing a nvenuy . walkout - which threatened ' production of Cyclone 5 engines ; tor the B129 Surrtoru-esses.-. ; : ; ' i i " David Newcomb, president ot the Wright Aircraft Supervision Association (Ind), announced the vote tonight after the war labor board; at Washington had told the workers to return at midnight After the WLB stepped into the dispute today, the company, an nounced . that it had instructed 8000 non-strikers, who had been plant when, they were unable to work because there was "no ade quate supervision," - to return to work at the same timecv f c The WLB ordered the supervis ors, members of the Wright Air craft Supervision Association, an independent union, to. terminate the walkout and also directed the company to reinstate all employes discharged or suspended since the stoppage, pending a final determi nation of the dispute by the board. Healtk Nurse - - " - '" - !'.'' ,:-.-.. Mrs. -Porual Conway "public health nurse, has been added to the staff of the Marion county de partment of health: She comes to Salem .from the ; Clark county health department in Vancouver, wsbW,;y . v. V Mrs. Conway j took her publie: health : training 1 at VMtw. serve university, Ohio, where she received her mastr - poblic health certificate. She re- rat sx t - . r xTom the Unlversitr tt w;!Mn.k. Conway was formerly , with; the United States -public health ser- trip . Florida's Eerglades cover near ly 5000 square miles. i , Packcyes WlZiout Gicrrae All Jewelry t.'erk and . La ot .