IP
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Oregon Third
In Peppermint
Production ' j
. Oil Harvested From
4500 Acres In Oregon
Last Year Say t Report
By ULLTJ5 I WADSET?
Garden and Farm Editor
Commercial peppermint oil
production fir the United States
was not ; Important until 1900.
From then until 1925, Michigan
and Indiana, but especially Michi-
can. produced three-fourths of
the world's peppermint oIL Dur
ing the past few years, Oregon
has ranked third highest In pro
duction. .-. '
In 1943, Oregon harvested oil
from 4500 acres. Plantings for
1944 harvest, are said to have been
Increased 18 per cent over the
1943 plantings. Large plantings
have been made for a number of
years In Columbia county along
the Columbia river. Linn and
Lane counties have Quite some
acreages. .
Considerable peppermint was
crown m Labish section a few
years ago. Now, only small plant
ings are left there, with Willam
ette valley plantings now center
Ing in a new community along
the Santiam,
According to W. G.NIbler, Ma
rion county agent, approximately
800 Marion county acres are now
planted to peppermint We are
unable to obtain exact figures
from O. E. Mikesell's linn coun
ty office, but Indications were
that Linn county office, but Indi
cations were that linn county
had a similar acreage to that of
Marion's. In both counties plant
ings center on the Santiam bot
tom land not far from Jefferson.
This section, then, produces ap
proximately one third of Oregon's
large mint oft crop.
Trip Into Peppermint Section
With this Information in hand,
we made a trip to the pepper
mint section known as Dever in
Linn county, and Talbot in Ma
rion. . ' .
Loose sandy soil and plenty of
water, we found, were essentials
to good mint production. We also
learned that it costs approximate
ly $25 to plant an acre of mint,
. and that sufficient roots can be
harvested from one acre to plant
- an acre of mint, and that suffi
dent roots can be harvested from
one acre to plant ten acres. This,
we gathered, was a nice little "by
product" of regular mint farming.
. Planting Is done In late Febru
ary and through early March.
Different methods of planting are
Used on different farms. Percy
Tnrnidre, on the Linn county
side, had an ingenious method
figured out by himself. He had
remodeled a potato planter in
such a manner that he could chop
the mint roots "right Into the
ground.
Still in the Dever section, we
found H. Snedrrass with 50 acres
of splendid looking mint, as well
as 18 acres of flax for fiber, and
Elbert Chambers with 23 acres of
mint on his 251 acre farm. Cham
ben also has 18 acres of flax. But
we have seen quite a bit of flax
this season and found ourselves
turning, with interest to his 15
acres of dill, which like mint, is
to be distilled. --
Saw. Caraway .
While we were in this section,
we stepped out to have a look at
the seven acres of caraway grow
ing on the Amman Claase 110
ere ranch. We recall that most
of our caraway seed, in pre-war
days, was imported from Hungary
and that some doubt had been
expressed about its ability to
grow , here. But we found the
Clause caraway looking - very
food. . ,
We were surprised at the -very
, large -amount of. commercial
vegetables grown in this "section.
Spinach is grown both for ' the
cannery and for seed. Carrots
and beets predominated, and
weeding of these is taking a lot
of labor. Rain, the farmers said,
is needed in spite of much irri
gation. Commercial vegetables
are still pretty small because of
weather conditions.
" On our way from Albany to De
ver, we found common rye grass
seed being harvested with grow
ers quite well satisfied with the
even cents which the govern
snent is paying in comparison to
the six cents in 1943.
On the Marion side of the river,
in the Talbot section, we found
almost 60O acres of mint growing
in one neighborhood. Among the
larger growers are E. B. Henaiag
ea. Jake GOateer, Dave Tara-
Uge. - Nelson Gumevr, . Delsaon
Davidson, Joha Eldoa Taratdge
. and McGIu Brothers.
The crop looks pretty good, al
though "in this too, like on the
other side of the river, growers
complain of ; "too dry weather.
Come flea beetle injury -was also
beta reported.. Inthe Talbot
section we found no one who had
tried sprayinjf. for. beetle,' although
there may have been some grow
ers who have done this. But we
do recall hearing that Benny
Brothers In the Labish section had
used cryolite, Spraying should be
done as soon as the beetle' Is in
evidence if. control is to be suc
cessful, W. G. Kibler told us;
Harvest started in some of the
fields on Auifust 7. Yields are
being reports as "pretty good'
with between 2D and' 33 pounds
: V
Me nand machines harvest fenraeres of mustard seed on the IL W. Nonnaa acieaga near Ibanenj SUtes
maa upoiteis fannd that there were aa additions! l acres of aaasUrd eeattered over thai 403 aero
farm yet te be harvested (Statesman staff phete) J u i !
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Ranch Ramblings
By Rural Reporter -
The weather should make up its
mind: either there should be rain
or there should be sun. There has
been too much dilly-dallying. This
was the opinion of farmers in gen
eral this past week.
But if there, were to be rain,
they said, the rain should be very
gentle so as not to flatten the
grain. In all sections grain seems
to be standing nice and straight,
just ready for the reapers. A few
places, we found, the reapers had
already called here and there in
combine form, and, in a very few
places, were straw stacks left by
the threshers. We learned that
there would be quite a number of
straw stacks before the season Was
over.
In Linn county we found grow
ers still boasting that filberts and
walnuts were "looking good."
Marion and Polk county farmers
admitted they were only "prettxJ
fair."
We were interested in the corn
situation on the IL W, Norman,
Lebanon, RFD 3, farm. We never
saw such tall corn before almost
Mr. Norman has 72 acres of it,
but then he is farming 400 acres.
While he is growing some 525 hy
brid, he insists he likes better ahe
open pollinated corn. And what
is even more important, he ad
ded, the stock like it better. They'd
leave the hybrid every time for the
open pollinated if given a choice.
Mr. Norman is expecting to har
vest 1000 pounds of seed an acre
from his six acres of Chinese cab
bage. We wormed out of him too,
that he has this contracted at 35
cents a pound. We found him har
vesting, with an ordinary com
bine, seed from four acres of mus
tard. In all, he told us, he has 25
acres of mustard planted for seed
this year. He has been growing
mustard for the past three years
and reported this was the worst
for aphids.
Mustard seed was also being
Legal Opinion on
Farm Owners -
Legal opinion on the extent to
which farmers owning trucks of
T" plate registry are authorized
to do hauling for their neighbors
include -the following essential
facts:. ti;
Any "F" plate truck owner, in
addition to hauling his own pro
duce and supplies to and from his
farm, may "infrequently and for a
nominal consideration haul such
crops and livestock produced and
supplies consumed and used by
other farmers in his immediate
neighborhood."
-. The term "infrequently'' is de
fined as meaning any number of
trips not exceeding 20 In any one
month and not exceeding 40 trips
in any one year The "immediate
neighborhood is subject to a common-sense
interpretation and va
ries widely in different parts of
the state. ;
For a nominal consideration but
without limitation as to frequency
he may haul to any market the
agricultural commodities produced
by - neighbors and may- deliver
farm supplies to them, provided
such neighbors are within a radius
of five miles of -the farmer fur
nishing the hauling services if the
operation is west of the Cascade
mountains, or within a radius of
10 miles if east of the mountains.
"Nominal consideration', is de
fined ? as any charge mutually
agreeable. - To an increasing ex
tent farmers hauling - for other
farmers are charging the publish
ed rates permitted common car
riers.: No restrictions 'as" to dis
tance, frequency . or consideration
apply when ,"F" "plate operators
haul farm products from a farm
adjoining his own. '
Weed Expert in New Job
f; L. 15. Harris, weed control spe
cialist for OSC experiment sta
tion, has resigned to accept a po
sition with the Chipman Chemi
cal Co, manufacturers of weed
killing 'chemicals, which is now
constructing a plant in Portland.
Appointed to succeed him Is Vlr
gil Freed, a former assistant to
Harris, who was ' graduated in
News and Views of
. i
. A.
i
- r
K
3
combined on the Frank Sfaumaker
farm at Scio. Mr. Shumaker grew
other seeds as well,! including 25
acres of spinach, just beginning
to ripen. -rM.. ,, :-1 ...
Bean picking seems to hold the
interest in Marioni county this
week. Almost wherever We went,
some part of the family was pick
ing beans either for themselves.
their neighbors or their neighbors'
relatives. We didn't hear of the fa
bulous sums being made here that
we heard of in the strawberry
fields earlier In the season, but
earnings are verjg good, we
thought And somebody is certain
ly going to eat an lawful lot of
string beans next whiter, judging
from the big acreages and the way
the beans are hanging on the vines.
Disposing of livestock occupied
most of the Marion 'county farm
population not picking beans.
Some lambs had been sold early
in the week at 10 cents. But un
less they were in very good con
dition, the lambs were sent home
again for additional care.; I
We got the ideal thatf future
dairy cows were going the: way of
veals. More veals, fwe learned,
were being sold than commonly.
But . prices are verjy attractive.
When an eight week old calf brings
$27 as a veal well, isn't that
about as touch a an average milk
cow brought a 'few years ago?
Farmers ate lettin their veal
calves run with the cows. The
calves fattened earlier and both
milking and calf feeding are done
away with in a season when there
is plenty to do besides chores.
Fire Equipment Way
Be Needed in Field
The w'"'"""" far any
farmer for his part inj fire-fighting
equipment are a supbly of water,
gunny sacks, shovels, flails, and
pump cans ready for immediate
use. Some of these can be kept on
the tractor and combine at all
times. "J- - ; , I " -
A well placed plow is also one
of the most important pieces of
fire-fighting equipment H
If a fire starts and gets 'beyond
the size where it cap be handled
immediately; with water; "shovels,
sacks, the plaw is put into' action.
Dan . Robinson, of the i Oregon
state board of forestry, says that
experience has shown that the best
way is to begin plowfog a line par
allel to the direction the; fire Is
travelling, starting on the down
wind flank of the fire, gradually
working toward the head of the
blaze.- It is always best to turn the
furrow toward the fire. .-A ground
crew following with hand tools Is
essential. 1 . - a:- ; ;;;
The inexperienced lire fighter is
likely to turn in front of the blaze
too soon and may be forced to
abandon his equipment or turn out
to get away, from danger.!
He's Rightly Named
Lupky Tom, We'd pay
WITH THE 2ND INF, DIV. IN
NORMANDY - UP) -Here's what
happened to an officer in a 24
hour period; h - . X ; r- j :
A rifle grenade exploded four
feet In front of hinU
A bullet entered his pack, but
was stopped by equipment inside.
A bullet pierced his helmet and
liner and came out the other aide.
A 155 mmshell landed in a ditch
on the right side of a road from
which; he had just jumped into a
ditch on the left side, I
The officer, Lt Thomas J. Hen
derson of Chicago, Luckjr Tom1
(o his friends, was unscatched al
though the bullet fulled- his hair
a bit while traveling through his
helmef-;x:;:4V, -t: -.
uAiiTEb! - -
IKCnMICS
! APPLY
U.-S. EIIFLdyilEIiT SEDVICE cr
DALLAS 2HACIIINE
iir l DALLAS,
I
WMMr.
Farni and
Harden
1
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I'
New Standards fot
This Year'i Filbert
Crop Established
Following, a hearing held in Sa
lem recently, the state department
of agriculture has established new
standards! and grades for filbert
kernels or phelledj filberts, these
to become! effective on August 10.
The new order rescinded an order
of August 9 1943.
The new standards established
two grades, Oregon No. 1 and Ore
gon Broken and rovidej that all
containers must be marked lei; a
conspicuous and legible manner In
blue print on thai bag jot carton.
either by grade number
4aa4 4-m1 a.! namai 4?i1a1 '
regis-
Ci CU WSJIUVI UlUWi aUCUj
department of amcultur
th the
aize ciassmcauons
lated for Oregon Nn. 1
supu-
de, both
for Barcelona and
DuChipy types
are jumbo size.
of kernels! These
large size,' mediums size and small.
The new grades! are of primary
Interest to Oregon! filbert sheUers
and are of no concern to! growers
except as they sell shelled fOberts.
A copy of the complete stand
ards will be available shortly for
any interested person I who re
quests it from the State! Depart
ment of Agriculture. Division of
Plant Industry, .at; SalemJ
Livestock Demand
Not likely
1
Heavy post war. demann rrom
European countries for! livestock
from United States farms! Is un
likely, according to Dr. O.) K. Reed,
chief, US bureau of dairy; indus
try. Dr. Reed points out! that after
hostilities cease it will probably
be a year or moire before these
countries can begin importing live
stock. Priority will no doubt be
given Imports of food! for direct
human consumption. Rehabilita
tion of herds and flocks will be
primarily at matter of encouraging
domestic production as soon as
feed is available. Countries which
want to obtain dairy cattle after
the war are Interested chiefly ; in
cows for utility purposes! and not
in registered breeding siock, ; ex
cept possibly for a! few outstanding
proven sirts. Breeding stock . de
mand probably will be limited to
breeds already in the country;
Apples, jPearp Need
Another Spray I.
It is time to spray apples and
pears again for worms according
to Ben AJNewelt assistant coun
ty agent,! Marion county. Second
brood codling moths are active
and laying; eggs. SEggs Will hatch.
about August Hi or ye
later. Spray on or before ;
1 ; Powdered lead arsenate used! at
the rate of 3 pounds to! 100 'gal
Ions of water is the recommended
spray. Calcium arsenate! used j at
the . same . rate has been just
slightly less effective than! the
lead compound.' , ,: Lr ..:
Thoroughness -of application is
essential The foliage Ml well? as
the fruit should be well covered
in order to cut worm injury- to
a mmimufa. Special effort should
be maae to spray tne upper por
tion of the (trees as more than one
half of the moth 'eggs arte laid in
the top third of the
Gas CtmDoni New
23 and! R2 nori-highway gaso
line coupons are now being Issued
to farmers land other non-highway
users and jwHl bft .vaHdj concur
rently with, the El and III coupons
now in circulation, OPAjhas an
nsunced.
Commercial Truck Up
Production of commercial truck
crops , this summer wfH be about
13 per cent greater than last year
and about 9 per cent . above the
10-year ayferage. j . , t s . 5
QnmnHiJ f
AT
m
& MOTOIt WQRKS t
OHEGOrf 1.i h
Watmer
Raising Calf
Found to Be
Important y
s.:
-1
The cost of raising a calf from
birth to first freshening at about
25 months of age ranges between
$70 and $125, depending largely
tin the prices of feed and labor.
About one-half of this represents
feed cost. " About 10 per cent of
the cost of raising calves repre
sents losses on heifers that die af
ter having expended, on them a
considerable investment in feed
and other cost Items. This loss'can
be reduced by careful feeding and
management j The price received
on the average for heifers sold is
10 per cent below the cost of rais
ing them. The importance of calf
raising on Oregon dairy farms is
indicated by the annual expendi
ture of about $8,000,000 In bring
ing them to maturity. ' -:4
Too often the purchased, cow Is
a poor producer, short-time milk
er, slow breeder, or has a chronic
udder infection. It Is the safest
and, over a period of years, the
most economical ' policy for a
dairyman to plan on raising ! the
number of heifer calves necessary
to maintain or to increase the size
of his milking herd. The good
dairyman, therefore, should con
sider the job of raising calves as
important and necessary, if "he is
to make the greatest success of the
dairy herd enterprise. '
The main consideration in se
lecting the heifer to raise should
be: given to the possibilities and
probabilities of her inheriting good
milk and butterf at producing abil
ity from her parents, according to
L R. Jones of Corvallis. . It costs
just as much to raise a heifer with
out inherited genes for high pro
duction, . The calves selected:! for
raising should be from the best
producing and transmitting cows
in the herd. The best cow fami
lies in the herd can easily be de
termined by actual records of pro
duction for several generations.
The need for raising only heifer
calves sired, by a good dairy bull
should be emphasized. If the bull
owned is not an animal backed by
good production records, the
dairyman should replace him. If
neighboring dairymen's sires are
used for breeding, know that the
production records are good, i
, On most dairy farms the heifer
after about six months of age Is a
very! much, neglected animal. It
is impossible for the young animal
to grow on a scant ration just as it
Is impossible for dairy cows; to
produce milk on a poor ration.
Poor cows may not respond with
an Increase in milk flow when
they are given a good ration, but
young heifers will not fail to grow
if they are properly fed. S
Vary Feed 1 -
Many dairymen assume that
grass is a perfectly adequate feed
for heifers of from six to 10
months of age. Actually grass
contains about 80 per cent water
and the .digestive organs of the
calf are not able to handle suffi
cient amounts of grass to insure
normal growth. Similarly, heifers
fed on hay or hay and silage for
that period usually cannot con
sume sufficient amounts to grow
at a normal rate. I
Generally, roughage, either as
pasture, or hay and succulent
crops is. the least expensive feed
and should form the main part of
the heiferVration. In order" to get
normal growth,- however, I the
roughage should be supplemented
wtih from one to two pounds of
grain per animal daily during this
period. After the age of 10 to 12
months, calves will consume pro
portionately greater amounts of
roughage, and, if It is abundant
and of excellent quality, grain
feeding Is not necessary.
Honey Harvest in
Process 'Now
. Summer is also the harvest per
iod on the bee farm. Bees are bow
bringing in the honey crop from
the major plants. Management and
"farm labor are devoted almost
entirely to providing ample room,
and taking the honey .off as soon
as it is ripe. Use care to avoid tak
ing honey from any diseased col
onies and thus spreading it to oth
er colonies. ::
' r' V '
V V' 1 v
slar" " ' 4 7
LI I LUNG CO.
. reaTtAHa. okvom
Pictared here Is the Hampshire rasa that brought $1100 al the fenrtk
anaaal Willamette YaUey ran sate held at Albany m Satarday.
The ram breaght the highest price ever paid far aa American bred
ram of the same breed ea the auction block la this country, accord
ing te the-auctioneer, Col. Earl Q. Walters, filer, Idaho, left The
buyer is A. W. Bagley of Salem
. Gath, Taraer( right). SUtesmaa
Small Profit
Large Amounts Made on Eggs by
Only Relatively Few Producers
j Only a relatively small profit per dozen is made from the pro
duction of eggs for the market. And this is made only by a few
efficient poultrymen. This does not mean that only poultrymen
with huge profits make profits, but it does mean that a great
many people who keep chickens for egg production do so at a loss.
Feed represents the largest item of cosHn the business of pro
ducing eggs, until experience
warrants, the producer will have
better success by accepting proved
feed combinations and adhering
closely to some definite, approved
method of feeding, rather than by
experimenting with feeds on his
own.
Oregon for more than two dec
ades has been producing a surplus
of eggs that must compete on a
specified quality basis at distant
terminal markets with eggs from
all producing areas of the country.
Careless uses of certain feeds and
other faulty management practices
are known to have objectionable
effects on the interior egg quality.
As quality is lowered, price is low
ered.;,! Batten Is Varied
Most grain feeds supply carbo
JUST DECEIVED!
mm. OF FEME
'jwii'ii' .... fnkiii j t.. t j," iT-y r -r-
, yjz
mm : f ixj.
inajSEJls l.ML-i-.
Day os'
(center) and the breeder, Edward
staff photo)
hydrates and fats la relatively
large amounts but do not contain
a large supply of either proteins
or minerals. Grains alone do not
constitute a balanced ration for
egg production. To simply the de
ficiency the grain 'feeds must be
supplemented by a mash composed
of mill by-products; ground grains;
high protein concentrates such as
fish meal, meat meal, milk prod
ucts, and oil meal; mineral in
gredients such as oystershell flour,
bone meal, and salt; and vitamin
supplements. , (., ' C'i
One scratch mixture recom
mended for laying; hens includes
1000 pounds of wheat, 300 pounds
of corn, 300 pounds of barley and
400 pounds of oats. There are oth
ers also recommended.
Oregon State college's laying
IF 32" 3D" UTOTH
2-POHiT BAfflJ UIDE
. 14&GAUGE SIIOOTQ
7-0" - llA" - W FELICE
029 fcca I2c:Ii 12". 24", 23" Uiili
Two fccb IlKh ', C3" Uiilh
- CcatisaUsa Pczliry hzi Field Feseis'j
... a: CD" uiiiH ; i
3IfliSJT(DIlI)I;U:;iiiD
Vegetables to .
BePlantedNow
' A number of important vegeta
bles arrive at the peak of their
development - during -. the ; fall
rrvttn These crope include va
rious members of the cabbage
family such as cabbage, cauliflow
er, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and
curly kale, A; G. B. Bouquet tells
us. Tie adds that other crops such
as celery, lettuce, spinach,, root
crops of Tarious kinds, Swiss,
chard, ' mustard, .late, . corn and
beans also thrive In the cooL crisp,
moist days of fall, llanjr of these
crops reach their finest edible
quality at that time.
It is important that the gardener
realize the value of these late sea
son crops and include them in the
gardening program.
Lettuce is an important fall veg- V
etable and can be grown from
seed In 73 to 90 4ays depending '
upon the type of lettuce grown
and the temperatures prevailing. .
Fall lettuce should be started in
August . Seed should be dropped
thinly in rows 21 Inches apart and
the plants Tater thinned to stand
12 to 14, inches if head lettuce is
grown. Lettuce heads are quite
subject to injury A when frosty
weather, occurs. I. ' .
Spinach is a hardy and quick
growing crop and under favorable
temperatures ! can " be grown in
about to T weeks. The seed
should be planted in August or the
very ! early part of September.
Rows of spinach are usually about
18 to 24 inches apart No thinning
of the plants Is required. A side- .
dressing of nitrate of soda or sul-,
phate of ammonia may be applied
alongside the rows during the
early fall rains If these can be
had. . I :-
Fall-grown radishes usually , are
free from, maggots. Radishes can
be planted at various intervals up
to October 13. There is a large
range of varieties varying in color
and shape.: -j ! .
Seedlngs $f turnips can be made
either broadcast or hi rows. Later
plantings usually escape maggot
injury. If broadcasting the seed,
the land should be clean of weeds.
There are three types of varieties
that may be grown, white, yellow
and purple and white.
If table rutabagas are grown,
the rows should be far enough
apart fori cultivation and the
plants thinned to about 6 inches
apart In the row. Both turnips
and rutabagas may be planted
from August 13 to .the first week
in September. .
mash formula;' consists of millrun,
320 pounds; - ground wheat, 400;
ground yellow corn, 400; ground
oats, 200; ground barley, 100; fish
meal, 100; meat meal, 200; dry
skim milk, 100; alfalfa leaf meal,
100; linseed oil meal, 20; steam
bone meal, 10; oyster shell flour,
20 and salt, 20. .
la i Tt ' ' -.
UIDE
STAPLES
cf oil to an acre about the aver
tzs. . ... -. ... ;
farm crops and chemistry at Ore-
173 S. Liberty St, . . . Galea
iron State college. w.-
I