. ; - - i . ; U - 3 " . - f j , - - " - j - , - i , . - - . 1 " . n ITU LUC 4J vaiimg- )m mm mmm mm - , s -r ! I ..... . .-": : : 1 1 j . o i ? . Co Ma ! S KEIETY-FOUHTH YEAR fivr - - . 1 I have . noticed ' in the newt items from' bver. the state many reports of changes in positions of public school superintendents and - high school principals. Believing the number" to be freatly in exr cess of that of former years I f asked the state department of ? education to give me a list of the changes as far as the department knew. This report shows that out of 41 cities in the state which em- ' ploy superintendents there are 12 ) changes in superin tendency and 20 changes in high school prin cipalships. . 'j Cities which nave or will have .. new superintendents include: Co- quille, Eugene, Lebanon, . Marsh V lield, Newberg, Ontario, Parkrose, Portland, -Redmond, Roseburg, Toledo and West Linn, j i The following cities are having C new high school principals: Al .bany, Ashland, Baker, Coquille, ', Cor vail is, Cottage Grove, Dallas, Eugene, Grants - Pass, LaGrande, y Lebanon,. Medford, Milton-Free- 1 water, Newberg, North Bend, ; i Pendleton, Roseburg," Salem, Springfield and Tillamook. ; Of even greater significance Is t. the report on what the persons 1 leaving these positions are plan- "' f ning to do. "Of the 12 retiring city superintendents, seven are going ' into private business, one to the state system of higher education, , ' one to the state division of voca- tional education,"-'- . ' -i l (Continued on Editorial Page) Germans Name Three Leaders Of Conspiracy ; LONDON, July 27 The . Germans named two compara i tively obscure veterans of the Rus sian front today as central figures, along with the previously-iden-v tified Col. Gen. Ludwig Beck in the deep-laid conspiracy against . Aaou timer wmcn misiirea a . week ago- ' ? KThey were Infantry General Friedrich. Olbricht, f 5, ' described ; -as the leader, and Ufa. Gen.' Erich lloepner, 57. Berlin said that Gen. ; Olbricht, the -only one of the trio ; on active army service last week, was executed in - Berlin on the night of the assassination attempt ' last Thursday, ; ahd . that Gen. Hoepner . was awaiting sentence. - Gen. Beck, 64, who was t chief of the German general staff in - ' 1938 described earlier as "no long X er among the living," shot himself upon " being found in a "sobbing lit after the plot failed, Berlin said today. . . Gen. Olbricht was identified as chief of a general army depart' f ment at German supreme head quarters and second in command of the German army at home. He "held the ropes of the conspir acy" in his hands because he was " in a position to give false orders, V Berlin said. 1 l Germans Announce 4Total War", Onlere . STOCKHOLM, July 27 ifih The first "total war" orders for Germany by Reichsminister Paul ' Joseph Goebbels are -two ; forbid ' ding all vacations for women and directing the front line troops do the manual - work of building ' bridges and repairing roads for- ' merly done by the Todt Speer la- bor organization. . Oregon Flax Seed Yield to Be Small CORVALLIS, July 27-(JP)-E. G. Nelson, federal flax' specialist, predicted today that Oregon would not have a heavy yield of flax seed and straw this season. The crop in many areas,' he said, was cut sharply by low soil moisture, low bumidty and high tempera tures during seed -formation. Weather . ?.:ixlmnra temperature Thursday 95 derrees; mlniaiua 3 Crjrees; na raia; river -2 ft. 7 ii. Clear Friiay and Sator- 'T rxcf jt scattered P3L thon i -:-rr;i over anJ east of tha C. -i.-ca ?s;. tog an coast; contln , , . 1 (Tcfpt coast; 16 PAGES -J . Ressiaii, Soviets Enjoy Best Day . Lwow, 5 Other . : German Bastions Taken by Reds V LONDON, Fridayj July 28- Russian troops, inflicting the war's most' disastrous series of defeats on the Germans, yester day plunged to within 30 miles of Warsaw, captured the great city of Lwow and five . other enemy bastions, and crossed the San riv er in a wide sweep toward Ger many itself. - ; iLwow, Bialystok, and Stanis lawow, ancient Polish fortresses, fell to the soviet' tide pouring westward through broken Ger man armies, along with 1633 other cities,' towns and villages. This was the greatest one-day bag yet announced by Moscow during the gigantic soviet summer offensive., Baltic Cities Fall - ; ;, In the north Daugavpils and Rezekne in Latvia and Siauliai, strategic rail junction in Lithu ania, also were seized, and the capture of Siauliai plugged the last main enemy escape route out of the Baltic states. Routed German, armies nearly everwhere appeared to be falling back-; In precipitate ' flight,11 and military; men here now . believe the Germans may retire to the Oder- river in eastern Germany itself. They based this belief on the almost two-miles-an-hour pace of the Russians, and the lack of any sign that the Germans would attempt to hold on the Vistula- river in Poland. Berlin itself said the Vistula defenses had been pierced south east- of Warsaw, and that water barrier is the. last natural de fense line short of the Oder. German Silesia is ' only 140 miles west of the Vistula, where the Germans said the Russians had crossed, and farther south other soviet unit were reported officially by Moscow to have crossed the San river on a 50 mile front and raced 17 miles be yond to . a point only 128 miles from Silesia. Chinese Take Enemy Base CHUNGKING, July 27 Jfr Counter - attacking Chinese have recaptured Leiyang, southernmost point of advance from the north in the Japanese grand strategy to split China in half and seal her off front help from the Pacific, a Chinese communique announced tonight . - Thirty-four miles to the north west in Hunan province, confused fighting raged inside and outside the beleaguered rail junction of Hengyang, where the Japanese were acknowledged to have bro ken . into the streets after ham menng at its gates for a month. The communique described the fighting as severe. The importance of the recapture yesterday of Leiyang is that was a logical springboard for further southward plunge to link up with the Japanese trying to push up from positions about 150 miles away, north of Canton. Cherbourg Still Useless Stimson WASHINGTON, July 27 -UP- The mystery or the limited Allied offensive 'In .-: Normandy got its first real illumination today when secretary of war Stimson disclosed that the port of Cherbourg cap tured a month ago, was so com pletely wrecked by the enemy that it .still is all but useless to the Allies. In a discussion of beachhead operations at a news conference, the secretary, just returned from an inspection of the Normandy front, let it be known that virtually all men and supplies for the in vasion forces still have 1 to be landed on the D-day beaches, i l In view of thetaggering re quirements in equipment and sup ply before a major offensive can be launched, the delay in get Scdem, Onqoh. TAdaj Motnlng. July; 28, j 1944 TISops1 . V. .' i ,i ' 1 i $ Reds Cross Vistula River Underg-rennd reports quoted in stdrming across the Vistula river southeast At Warsaw after eap turlnr Deblin and Rnlawy. The German radio reported Bialystoek, to the north, was evacuated. East of press in- a frontal attack, and la. pat Rassian forces within 20 miles of the Csech border; CAP Wire- photo.) Present Meat i Points Remain1 Until Aug. 13 WASHINGTON, July 27 -iff) Current point values . on all ra tioned meats and dairy products will be continued until at least August 13, the office of price ad ministration announced today. I The decision was in effect ; a postponement for . two weeks of the war food administration's re cent directive ordering OPA to re move most beef steaks and roasts from! rationing by August 1. The direciivealso "authorized" restor ation of point values to pork loins and bams. ' j;.-- , OPA protested that enforcement of the directive would . disrupt cattle prices and flood the retail market with an excess of ration points. ; . .j OPA also announced that three morel 10-point red stamps A-5, B-5 and C-5 in ration book four will become valid Sunday for buy ing meats,, fats and dairy products. They: will; be good indefinitely.! Berlin Cut Off From j Outside World Again LONDON, Friday, July 2S-(JP) Berlin was cut off from the out side i world last night under . cir cumstances much the same as the bight before announcement of. the attempt to assassinate Adolf Hit ler. ' i - Contracts Awarded - i VANCOUVER, Wash., July 27 (JP) : Contracts for four . additional AP5 transports have been receiv- ed by Vancouver's Kaiser ship- yard, Mike Miller, manager, told workers r at the launching today of the USS Pondera, fifth of the APS series. ;? Practically Reveals ting this one major, port in the beachhead area into operation would be enough U explain the apparently slow progress in Nor mandy,: !v.---r -Pt:: i . SUmson added another reason In a description of the difficulty bf the ; terrain, which he said . had made, a strong impression on him. Not only is this area cut up into small, fields, each, surrounded : by tall hedges or stone fences which are ; themselves difficult obstruc tions but each hedge is paralleled by deep 3 ditches, which constitute La rettdymade trench system like that used in the first world waf. , Thus, he said, the Germans had handed to them elaborate defen sive positions and tank blocks, made more effective by their flood ing ol low areas. : . ' .30;: M Lithuania Moscow paid Riisslaa infantry was Warsaw, Russians were reported the Math the capture f Delay Un War(IhestuU V Adopts Budget At keetiny: ! ' I ( - ! M' - At meeting of the! board ; of directors ot the' (regon War chest hld li Portland j Thursday, a budget o ! approximately $1, 325,000 for 1 he national war fund and : for st ite Welfare agencies was! adopte 1. Thia Is; virtually the saipe an ount jas foil last year. The wr ch st campaign which is conducted " : n conJuncuon with loca); cbmmiinify chest campaigns, will ! tie carried ion during the month of October ; a 11 lover Ore- gonJ I U The jonly state ai igehcy added to the llijst ofj participants in the chest is the! Oregon j Mental Hy giene society which has been working in the field of mental hy gienic ;n Oregon With special co operation with ,sjeleitie service in the screening bf Ipsychopathic cases. j --.'k j j ! ' ' Elec ed td the jboardj of direc tors were Jajmes T. Mart of Port land? t& succeed Axtliu M. Can nbnj Medfora,- resigned : i Attending jthe nieetihi from Sa lem were Charlis A. Sprague, presidtet,anl Irl S. McSjherry, ex" ecutive secrfetary H. t. Braden of tiie! Salen Community chest and Frank Poerfler.j j - Pole Premier , Russik Bound i ' i LONDON, July j27 j-WH Stanis la w Mikola jpzyk, ! peasant -born i premier of ifoiand s governmeni in exil'je, leftl toda f pr Moscow" to j confer . . .. i . i . . j wiui iTemier siaiin oo i geek a! remedy foe the long-ailing Polish-JSovie relations. Out ;of the conferences may come a metger . oi jMiKoiajczya. a London administration i and - the rival: IPolishJ national liberation committee - a merfer iiorcea ny pressuj-e ofi Russian might but blessed by Britain; to obtain a con centfated Polish effort against the Genhabs. i , ' j J ! I The stocky, rusty-haired prem Iers fdVpartilre came only few days Mfter Moscow decided to es tablisH relations with the Pousn liberation committee and only few hours after' the Soviets signed a pacl with the committee cover ing military; and Civil administra tion r.n Polish soil, liberated . by the red army. , ' BeelQuota Increased v- WASHINGTON. July 27 -(J) In . anticipation i of , 1, n c reased slaughtering! of cattle, the war food ajdminijtratidn jtoday, ordered federally aispected! slkughterers to i increase ! from 25 to ; 45 per cent' ihe quantity of beef which must be set;aside for military and other jgoverpnect use. US - Sinks 10 Ships? At Palau " 1 ' ' Anlericang Also Destroy 26 Nip Planes in Raid US PACIFIC FLEET HEAD QUARTERS, Pearl Harbor, July 27-(fl3)-Ten Japanese ships, one a destroyer, were sunk , and 26 planes; wiped out in a two-day American i task force assault on Palau, gateway to the Philippines, Adm. ; Chester ' W. Nimitz an nounced tonight. - -f Confirming Tokyo radio reports Wednesday of the attack on that western Carolines naval base and adjacent islands, Nimitz said car rier planes routed Palau's . air force the first day, Monday., The raiders, who lost, five planes but only one pilot, were not bothered by-Nipponese planes Tuesday, Ships Listed w. . . In addition to the destroyer, an oiler,- a destroyer escort or" mine layer and seven small cargo, ships were sunk in the ' attacks which took hi Yap and Ulithi islands. Many smaller craft also were de stroyed. ' :' . - '' V; ' - - -: -. The sinkings increased to 52 the total of enemy ships in all cate gories from carriers down to de stroyers 'sent to the bottom since une BCgmnmg 01 ine juananu drive June 10. Tour other ships probably have been sunk and 17 plus damaged. v- i Marines Spread Oat Nimitz communique tonight re ported ' that Second and Fourth division marines , had spread out on -invaded Tinian in the Mari anas bver one-third of the is land's north portion, while kill ing Japs at a rate of better, than 19 for each Leatherneck slain. Enemy dead total 2089 and 62 other troops have been captured. American ; casualties through July (Continued on Page 2) Union Against Mexican Help In Canneries Any move to bring Mexican la borers into canneries here will be opposed by the cannrey workers' union j "until and unless' certain other steps have been , taken to solve the cannery personnel prob lem, the union advised the Salem cannerymen's committee " Thurs day. ; i Not! because of opposition to Mexicans as fellow workers would objections be raised, representa tives of the union declared, but "because we ; are convinced that there is enough labor right here to handle the job if the labor in turn is handled correctly." By and large, cannery employ era of Salem have made no move to obtain a 1944 wage scale, have refused td agree to the overtime provisions: df the union contract and have thus failed to provide pay and conditions commensurate with those offered in competing industries, union representatives charged.' I- . .. The stand was taken at a meet ing to which non-union as well (Continued on Page 2) Ceiling: Prices r For Peaches Set WASHINGTON, July 27 -() The war food administration an nounced . today , ceiling prices on canned and frozen peaches will be set at; levels permitting .can ners and packers , to pay growers an average of $60 a ton for the fresh fruit in .all states except California,' . where the average would be . $50. " Letter" Introduced In Conspiracy Trial -WASHINGTON, July 27 -(J?) A, -letter purportedly- written In 1941. by r William' Dudley PeUey to Maj. Gen. George Van Horn Mose ley ct the, US;, army, outlining plans. '? "to alter ;- the " course of American history' in the next two to four years,V was introduced . In evidence by-the government today in '"the- section cc;:f piracy trial. Pric 5c . ' . ... 1 r Killed i - ' " at .. ' .-r .ftr - LL Gen. Lesely J. McNalr, abwrev farmer commander US - grmm forces, haa been killed la Nr maady, It was reported by the army. In this picture he wears the purple- heart - awarded ' tar wounds received franr shrapnel a the ' Tuahli. front- bit ;Var. AP Wirephoto.). Lt.Gen.McNair Dies in France; War Toll Given WASHINGTON, July : 21-VT) Lt. Gen. Lesley J. McNair, in trepid "'brains , of. the army? has been killed in Normandy, f and coincidentally t was -announced that' World war 2 has exacted a greater toll of dead and wounded Americans than; the entire 1917-18 conflict - 1 ' : Both announcements were made today - by the ! war department. Chief of Staff; George ; CU Mar shall used- the highest accolade an officer canj pay a colleague. when he called t the 61-year-old McNair the brains behind the ground C forces; he , built 7 from scratch to a mighty war machine. Waanded Before A. - ' .The general, Jwounded once on an inspection tour of the Tunisian battlefields more than a year ago, was on special assignment in Nor- . (Continued on page 2) -'U-'--:- 1 PL- Enough Funds Secured For. 3IcNary Picture Funds sufficient to secure the services of a good portrait artist have been4 subscribed for the pic ture of the late Sen. Charles L. McNary which is ; to hang in the state capitol building here. Sen. Frederick S. Lamport, appointed by Gov.- Snell as treasurer of the fund, reported Thursday that $3500 had been raised. The committee to select the ar tist consists of Mrs. McNary, Eliz abeth Putnam. George B. Guthrie of Portland, and Lamport Arcentine to Be Excluded From Positvar Peace Talks WASHINGTON, July 27-() The Argentine government, by its continuing support of the axis, is considered in f official quarters here to have forfeited its right to sit down with the United Nations In. important war and postwar conferences, including whatever peace conferences may be held. This exclusion policy, already invoked at the Bretton Woods monetary, conference, has been given a new and more permanent base by last nigM official Unit ed States , declaration denouncing Argentina es a "deserter" of the allied. -cause.- y " .:P:--". f One immedia te " result will be that the Argentine government will have no J-art in the talks this fill UU-eh Ce United ZUUls Germans in Chaotic Retreat As American Push Smashes 1 All Organized Resistance , SUPREME HEADQUARTERS ALLIED EX PEDITIONARY FORCE, Friday, July 28-(AP)-Lightning US tank columns haltered the Ger inans4 western Normandy line yesterday in a sud den; break-through that ' plunged J the enemy- into chaotic retreat and drove to within five' miles bt strategic Coutances, whose fall might trap' the en4 tire <h corps of seven battered nazi divisions. : The American armor that fashioned the sen sational break-through was not identified. (Ger man broadcasts recently said that Lt. Gen. George S. Patton and his armored corps were in Norman dy ready for action). ':. . O ,; ' ' - Thundering lines of tanks, half- tracks and self-propelled artillery, revealed by supreme headquarters for the first time to be striking in divisional strength hi the greatest armored blow since D-day, smash ed all organized resistance field commanders declared. Lessay Captured : " " ;.; , Without a fight the enemy yield ed the old . sea coast strongpoint of Lessay, 12 miles north of Cout ances, and Periers . to the west, and fled south under a hail of bombs and shell fire to try to make a stand,; possibly behind Coutances. .. . . . But; the midnight communique disclosed that besides, the column driving head-on toward Coutances from the eas a second column fanned out . four miles southwest of fallen Canisy in what may be an Duuiancing uueai u uuiv ncxi stop on the American drive deep er Into' France- ;Cr . Field dispatches said one arm ored finger had stabbed to Cerisy La Salle, seven' miles' . southwest of Canisy and VAt miles southeast of Coutances. Camp read Enveloped " The ' column heading straight down the road, toward the city, had enveloped Camprond, north of the highway and less than five miles from Coutances. With a third column slashing the road 64 miles south of St Lo, and with two more columns crashing through the enemy's lines east of St Lo, a 'front line broad cast declared jubilantly: "Today . the i Americans have broken out of the beachhead. To day we are ion our way into France proper' Commission Sets Meeting i Western public lands policy, trade relations with Alaska, the Pacific-, islands and" the orient, markets for food products, in dustrial expansion, a northwest interstate coordinated highway program and postwar scenic and recreational development will be discussed at the conference of the Northwest 'States Development commission in Portland on August 11 and 12. K . 'Announcing the program Thurs day, Gov. Earl Snell said that gov ernors of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, ; Montana and ' Wyoming and their advisers would partici pate in the conference. Gov. C A. Bottoifsen,i Idaho, Is confer ence chairman, . : ; State; Highway Engineer R. H. Baldock.and State Engineer C. E. Stricknn, ' witn Gov. Snell,' are Oregon's representatives on the commission yf. . '.. The governors will participate In a ship launching in Portland and will inspect Bonneville dam August 11. .. . : -v and the other American repub lics on creation of a postwar se curity agency. ; Secretary of State Hull has promised the represen tatives of otner western nemi sphere governments, exclusive of Argentina, that they will have ample opportunity to study and make suggestions, in their . own interest on the postwar plan worked out at the bff four con ference here next month. : Plans tot the .big four talks are nearly completer Secretary Hull announced today that Edward R. Etettinius, undersecretary of state. would head the American dele aticn and that Hull himself, as official host will keep In closest touch with its prccrcrj.'"' " ' Pevelopment Poles Advance 17 Miles Past ; Anconain Italy ROME, July 27-)-Driving nip the Adriatic coast of Italy against; weakening s German . ' resistance, f Polish " troops have pushed - 17 miles beyond the 3 captured port of Ancona and seized SenigaUia " at the mouth of the 'Misa river only 22, miles from Pesaro, allied, headquarters . announced tonight . The German radio .: reported yesterday that the vengeful Poles had opened a full-scale offensive in the Adriatic sector as part of the -general allied push toward the enemy's "Gothic line" defenses, but there was no allied confirma tion until tonight's Aspeeial in" nouncemeat.' :?-&itt - - Pesaro, . next objective of,' the 1 Poles,? believed toe an outpost of the "Gothic line," whose main fortifications are said to be an chored on Rimini, another 20 miles up the coast - British, New Zealand and South African troops engaged in closing a steel clamp on Florence gained up to four miles at some points in byter fighting, . winning posi tions within six miles of the Arno river west of the historic city.' v Rocket Bomb Attack Gains In Ferocity LONDON, July 27-(jp;-The na- ris' flying bomb barrage increased in ferocity tonight spreading; death through southern England, while Britons pondered the pos sibility of worse to come perhaps huge explosive rockets. The ; prospect that Germany's threatened new secret ' weapon might be a 10-ton explosive rock eta robot bomb 10 times the size of the V-l now : being used against England "may not be sheer propaganda," a commenta tor at an allied advance command post said today, .- t : . f British Lancaster , and Sterling bombers are using their big six- ton factory busters to smash pos sible V-2 launching sites in nazl territory and these big RAF craft struck again in daylight this eve ning against the flying bomb area of northern France. None of the planes was lost . ' Nevertheless, the robots con tinued; their deadly flights into southern England tonight One smashed a row of houses sending a dozen persons to hospitals. Thumbnail Off War! ; , . By the Associated Press - Rasslaa Front Soviet troops -capture Bialystok and Stanis-" ,1a wow and penetrate Brest Lit- ovsk and surge across, the Vistula in a smash that takes them within 30 miles of Warsaw. , . ; Iavasion Front Lightning US tank columns shattered the Ger . man's western Normandy lines in a sudden breakthrough that put 'fthe enemy in retreat and drove within five miles of stra tegic Coutances. Italian Front Vengeful Pol ish troops pushed 17 miles beyond the captured port of Ancona and seized Senigallia at the mouth of the Misa river only 22 miles from -Pesaro. . . - Pacific' -y" Reconnaissance planes for American artillery to day using : Ushi point airfield "on Tiniart island while southward on Guam US assault forces closed in on the trapped defenders of the important Orote peninsula. i I