...... .... - .. . .....-. , .
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cnr
Wcathier
. Ut xlmam tempera bir
Friday tZ degrees; mini
mum . 48; precipitation .93
In.; river A tL
Partly cloudy with scat
tered showers in west por
tion Saturday; clearing Son
4ay. Slightly warmer San
day.
vv
PCUNDDD 1651
' r Difficulties over importation of
Mexican farm laborers is causing
concern to farmers in Oregon and
in' other parts of the country The
experiment of a year: ago proved
- so , satisfactory that plans were
, made this year for even more lib-
. eral use of Mexicans in farm
" operations. Some have already ar
- rived and are working here in the
- valley. But the rate of import
: tkm is so slow that fears are ex
pressed that tte, supply will be
"too little and too late."
; .. First to be alarmed were the
pea-growers of 'northeast Oregon
whose ' crop matures early and
must be handled at the moment
it is ripe. Adjustments have been
made so Mexican ' labor will ' be
available there. But instead .of
. having an increase in number of
t workers brought in from Mexico
over 1943 the outlook is for a
-smaller number, and that in a
t year when the need is .greater
,-than before.
- Explanation given was the lack
. of transportation. It was figured
- out Just how many workers could
be transported in a month with
1 the facilities at hand, and it was
'r seen that the number would not
. nearly meet the demand. But
, there art other than transporta
. j tion troubles which interfere. .
There is considerable sentiment
in Mexico against allowing , the
Mexicans to come north, to work.
It is contended they are needed a
1 ' home. Government statisticians for
instance said their country could
better (continue on editorial page)
Japs Threaten
Anotheri Rail
Line in China
CHUNGKING, May 12-(JP)
, Japanese Invaders sweeping into
northwestern Honan from Shansi
province have cut the east-west
. Lunghai railway 48 miles west of
Loyang, severing a main retreat
- line for several hundred thousand
Chinese troop's, the Chinese high
command acknowledged tonight.
-A simultaneous drive from the
south drew : the noose tighter
.about -the ancient city. A Chinese
, army spokesman said Japanese
striking from that direction were
'.only, five jniles .from Loyang,
; while, a third "Column, pushing !
along the " Lung haf railway from
the east, was from 13 to "IS miles
away. '.
He estimated the Japanese, with
the troops from Shansi, now had
more than 100,00a men in the field
. in an ambitious attempt to de
stroy the Chinese army in Honan
as a fighting force. ? j '
' Chinese airmen carried out ex-
- tensive attacks over the Honan
front during the day with "bril
liant . results," a supplementary
Chinese communique tonight said.
Planes strafed enemy troops
crossing a river east of Iyang,
- causing more than 500 casualties,
.- the ' high command said, and in
attacks on various convoys de-
' stroyed . more than 29 Japanese
tanks, three tankers and numer
ous other vehicles..
, . ; Another Japanese drive men-
seed the important town of Sungh
-. si en 45 miles to the southWest, as
the Japanese, determined to safe
guard their newly-won hold on
the north-south Peiping-Hankow
railway, attempted, to sweep the
-defenders from the great ; Honan
plains and into the hills. . i
jNavy Search .
"Planes Revisit
ICusaie, Murilo
US PACIFIC FLEET HEAD
QUARTERS, Pearl Harbor, May
12 Navjr search planes re
visited Kusaie and Murilo Islands
in the Carolines'' May 10, bomb
- ing . landing strips, while other
j American aircraft mauled the
daily targets of Ponape in the
Carolines and enemy-held atolls
: in the Marshall islands. . ;
Adm. Chester W. Nimita' head
quarters reported the actions to
day and also disclosed that navy
carrier squadrons destroyed , 1229
Japanese planes in the last eight
ntonths while losing only .164 of
their own. Many of the American
crews t were rescued.
The' strikes at Kusaie, eastern'
most of the Carolines, and - at
Murilo; in the Hall islands just
north of Truk, were single plane
"affairs. Kusaie was las bombed
April 13 and Murilo April 21.
Mitchell medium bombers of
the Seventh army air force turn
ed their heavy lire power on
Ponape. There were no details.
Anti-aircraft- batteries, under
cround shelters . and building
a'reas were the targets , of army,
navy and marine aircraft ; that
swept over the Marshall.. -
-. -'. The navy's recapitulation - of
successes by its carrier planes be
gan with the raid last September
, i on Marcus island, - only 1200
miles southeast - of Tokyo, . That
1 foray was the" closest approach, to
! Te l. vo ' thai an American" carrier
; t force has yet made.
NINETY'THIBD TEAR
Allies
Yankees
on m
Downl-50 N azis
Great Fleet of RAF Bombers
Out Last Nightf US Loses 52
Planes in Huge Sky Battles
! By AUSTIN BEALMEAR J
; LONDON, Saturday, May 12-P-Another great fleet of
British bombers struck into Gerrnan-occupied territory last
night on the heels of yesterday's smashhig attack on five big
nazl synthetic oil plants, a blow in which the Yanks shot down
150 enemy planes at a cost of 42 bombers and 10 fighters, it was
today. ,. . .. f:-.
i j The first RAF announcement of
the night attack gave no indica
tion of the targets.
All , German radio stations
left the air shortly after mld-
night, Indicating the reich ItseU
i may have got part of the night
attacks.
A total of more than 3000 allied
planes based in Britain hammered
nazi targets by daylight
The main blow was delivered in
the Leipzig area, where the Ger
mans had concentrated four im
portant refineries furnishing a
lifeline for Hitler's armies on the
western and southern fronts and
in addition two formations of
Fortresses thundered across the
border into Czechoslovakia for the
first time in the war and blasted
another G e r m a n-operated oil
plant at Brux. ' . ti ¬
lt was en this stab that the
most savage fighting of the day
apparently cearred.
As "many as 250 naif "fighters
- (Turn to Page 2 -Story A) -
Fighter Aces
Compare Notes
WASHINGTON, May 12 -(P)
Two fighter aces, both bronzed
and. fit, got together today and
compared notes.
At the war department, Capt
Edward V. Rickenbacker, Amer
ican ace of the World war, met
for the first time Ma). Richard I.
Bong of Poplar, - Wis, the t first
army pilot of this war to break
Rickenbacker's record.
Rickenbacker's score was 26
he shot down 21 German planes
and 5 enemy observation balloons.
Bong "has 27 confirmed victories
over Japanese planes in the Pa
cific, h- v : r
They compared speed Rick'
enbacker'i best was 130 miles an
hour in a Spad, . Bong's around
400 in a P-38 Lightning firepow
er, effective firing range and tac
tics in the two wars.
It was an impromptu" meeting.
And the case of Scotch which
Rickenbacker offered the first
army pilot to break his record
was written off. ' Bong is a tee
totaler.- ,
.
Rail Centers
Norih See
rinttby
PhlfZt AMD
1 lpich 'aWj
I t sr. r
Pit x2?HwkH
V3ftiaKa
ArrasQ
itientl
Havre
rSk5-
Figures en the map indicate railway centers In France and Belgium
attacked most frequently daring the allied air offensive since April
15. Numbers show how many times each objective had been struck.
Only those targets which had been attacked at least three times are
"Included. (AP WirephoU map) I
12 PAGES
w&al 5
Hit
ants.
Red Drive
te
Soviets Wipe Out
Last Axis Troops
Left in Crimea
LONDON, May 12 -Wh The
Red army wiped out . the last
axis' remnants trapped west of
Sevastopol on Cape Khersones
today, ending a five-week-old
Crimean campaign in 1 which
111,587 Germans and Roraani-"
ans were killed or captured,
Moscow announced tonight., -
' .Tne axis toll, apparently was
even greater, because the broad
cast report by the Soviet informa
tion! bureau said "Russian planes
and ships of the Black Sea fleet
sanki 4 total of 191 ships, includ
ing 69 transports and 56 high
speed landing barges which the
eneiQy was using both for supply
and evacuation during , the Cri
mea debacle, j . ,
More than 20,000 Germans and
Romanians were killed in the final
thref-day battle!, which toppled
Sevastopol last Tuesday, and more
thari 50,000 .were killed In the
(Turn to. Page 2 Story B)
Spragiie, Morse Speak '
Against 'Isolationism
PORTLAND, May 12 (ff)
Charles Al Sprague, republican
aspirant for the Unexpired term
of the late Senator Charles L Mc
Nary and Wayne I Morse, run
ning for the six-year senate term,
spoke together against isolation
ism today. tw-'-; t':": :''--" r;S
Sprague told the Portland City
club lie favored a system of post
war collective U security' j and
Morsel said the law-abiding na
tions: must? provide for enforce
ment of a 5 code : of international
order.
; f -..-..-
Hit From Air
ArnKm
CSMA
Ofti4W
. H, .pr ;: ,:
Gomple
Saltxnj Oregon. Saturday Momlna. May 13. 1944
. : ! , i
Brought in
H. it
,'
; I ' ftfA ''
- f - -S
Herscbel Wilson (above) of Hawthorne, Calif, brought In 17 Japanese
soldiers as his prisoners In New Golnea, marching them down the
road ahead of his jeep, which he drove with one hand while he
held his rule In the ether. (AP .Wirephoto)
3 Allies Serve Axis
Satellites
Quit War
f: By JOTOTM.
j , WASHINGTON, May 12 - (ff
ples of axis satellites tonight with a pre-invasion ultimatum to
turn against Germany now or
selves from "disastrous consequences,
Issued jointly by the United
sia, the ultimatum was directed
United States is not at war; to
Bulgaria, with -; which Russia , is
not at war,' and to Hungary and
Romania. :C 'vv:.,:-: '-, 4
.The United States government
thereby apparently served no
tice on the. people of Finland
that it has reached the end of
Its policy of setting them apart
from the ether German - col
laborators. And Ensala appar
ently intended the same kind
of warning te the people . ef
Bulgaria.'"!. (;:.--.; -
"These nations must -" decide
now," the. ultimatum said, "whe
ther they intend to persist in their
present -hopeless and calamitous
policy , of opposing the inevitable
allied victory, while there is yet
time for them to contribute to that
allied victory, 'is.-;; :.Yr:"Z!f..'-'
, The Implication was clear that
If they persist la working with
Germany, then they most ex
pect terms short of complete
1 and ? ancondltlonal surrender
followed by severe . armistice '
On the other hand, if they get
out now, ' the promise was f they
would V receive .1 more favorable
treatment in direct relation to the
contribution they make to allied
victory, either In a military or
psychological way. - fv .
"While these nations cannot
their responsibility' for
having participated In the war
at the side ef nasi Germany,"
the ultimatum said, "the longer
(Turn to Page 3 Story C)
Nazi Quarters
Given to US
. NEY YORK, May 12 -(flV.Nazi
party, headquarters in Berlin are
the property of the US government
under the will of Albert Eckstein,
his attorney4 said today as he filed
the will for probate. P: : J t
, Under the terms - of the will,
Eckstein, an importer who dieJ
May 4, instructed the executors to
notify the state department that
all - of :my property .located in
Berlin - become the property of
the United States of America. : 3
XI Sylvan GotshalL lawyer w h o
submitted . the will for probate.
said the property is "a wonderful
house acid grounds which the Nazi
government recently took over for
the headquarters of the Nazi
party." - , t ' : r
Eckstein, an American ' citizen,
instructed that the Metropolitan
Museum of Art In New York may
select any art object it, wishes
from the Berlin establishment. .
to
17 J apancse
Ultimatum
m Suffer
HIGHTOWER
- Allied radios pounded the peo
abandon all hope of saving them
States, Great Britain and Rus
alike to Finland, with which the
O
Truk Raiders
Shoot Down
6 Jap Planes
ADVANCED ALLIED HEAD
QUARTERS, New Guinea, Satur
day, May 13- (ff)- Six Japanese
planes were shot down by Ameri
can bombers in a raid on Truk,
central Pacific enemy - bastion,
Wednesday, headquarters said to
day. ,,.;; y t -
i The planes were bagged in
half hour, as the south Pacific
Liberator bombers doused Truk
with 86 tons of bombs. Warehous
es were i damaged . severely at
Dublon township and hangers
wrecked at Eten. atoll. ; ,
' Patrol planes bombed a small
freighter 300 miles east of Palau,
westernmost 1 of the Caroline
islands, and hit Aleti island, west
of .Truk. . G 2:'v-.V w'H
Other American bombers drop
ped 150 tons of bombs at Wakde
(Turn to Page 2 Story E)
2P-5i'sCross
US in 6k Hours
For Record
NEW YORK, May lZ-tfVTw
P-Sl Mustang fighter planes shat
tered the cross-continental flight
speed i record , today, i one plane
traveling from Los Angeles to
New York in six hours, 31 min
utes and 30 seconds with one stop
and the other making the trip
non-stop in six hours, 39 minutes
and 30 seconds.
Both ships carrird regular army
equipment, includLnc 8 full com
plement of six machine guns and
armament ' and extra gasoline
tanks. ;.- - ; . '
The previous west-to-east speed
record was made April. 17 by the
Lockheed ' Constellation which
flew from Burbank; . Calif, to
Washington, XX!, in six hours and
58 minutes. The Constellation is
a huge, four-engined transport
plane. . ' '-' . '; 'r.- '' ' r
Pilot of the first plane to land
at La Guardia airport was CoL
Clair Peterson of the ; army ; ajr
forces,. Eight , minutes later the
Mustang piloted piloted by J. Lt
CoL Jack H. Carter, who had tak
en oil from Log Angeles one min
ute ahead of Peterson, - swooped
onto a runway. .
TVTO
iVJijiies im
Allied Chiefs
Appear Full
Of Confidente
-!!
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS.
Naples, May 1 12-P)-Gen. Sir
Harold Alexander, commander of
the allied forces in Italy, and Lt
Gen. Mark W. Clark, commander
of the fifth army, both promised
in orders of the day today that the
allies would destroy; the German
armies in Italy, j j
Gen."; Alexander told his men
that : they ; had been chosen - to
strike the "first blow" in "the fin
al battles . . V to crush the enemy
once and for all, and he added
significantly: . ! j - . -
iTrom east and - west, from
north and south blows are about
to fall which will result ' in the
final destruction of the nazis and
bring freedom once again to Eu
rope and hasten the peace for us
all. To us in Italy, has been given
the honor to strike the first blow.
"We are going to destroy the
German armies in Italy. The
fighting will be hardT bitter, and
perhaps long hut you are war
riors and soldiers of the highest
order who for more than a year
have known only victory.
Gen. Clark said: "We can and
will destroy the German armies.'
Oregon Mother
To Be Honored
Prograin
Oregon's candidate for national
War Mother honors, Mrs. Ella
Garner of Oregon City who has
eight sons . in the Service and a
ninth counting the jdays until he
is 17 and old enough to join the
navy, will be honored guest at the
I int state and jcapiial city Moth
ers "Say program here Sunday af
ternoon. ..,
: The program, sponsored by the
state and Salem chapters of the
American War Mothers, will be
held at S pa. in the; First Metho
dist church auditorium with Dr.
Irving A. Fox delivering the ad
dress. Josephine r Albert Spauld-
ing will be vocal soloist for the
occasion, and Mrs. E. J. Kortze-
born will lead She singing, while
Irl S. McSherry is to serve ! as
master of ceremonies.
Mrs. Garner will be introduced
by Douglas MuUarky, private sec
retary to Gov. Earl SneU. Lt CoL
L T. Jenks, chaplain with the
Trailblazer division, Camp Adair,
is to deliver invocation and bene
diction. Alice Crary Brown' is to
be accompanist' for musical por
tions of the program. S :L
I Colors ,,, wiU j be advanced i, by
members of the; American Legipn.
Members of the; Legion's auxiliary
wilt lead the salute to the flag)
Some Meat Supplies
Still Low in State
PORTLAND, May 12-(ff)-Sup-
plies of veaL lamb and mutton are
still short, dealers said here to
day, but fresh pork, ham and ba
con are plentiful. !U
: More veal, lamb and mutton
will be available in a month i or
two, dealers predicted.
; Beef will account for 39 per cent
of the available supply . in the
next month,' compared: with 35 per
cent last month; '. 1
Dewey Gets
OK But No
By D. HAROLD OLIVER ' 1
Associated Prcas SUM Writer ,
Tennessee republicans in con
vention' yesterday endorsed Gov.
Thomas E. Dewey for the republi
can presidential) nomination, but
selected four national! convention
delegates at large, without instruc
tion. The state also will have 15
district delegates, four of whom
so' far. are pledged to Deweyr; .
While the New Yorker-added
this new; southern strength to ; his
big" lead ' in. pre-convention dele
gate support, the! anti-fourth term
American democratic " national
committee, through Dr. Gleason L.
Archer; its ' new chairman, an
nounced it ; Is . prepared to sup
port Govr John W. Bncker of
Ohio if he is the republican choice
to oppose President Roosevelt .
Bricker, in Loncoln, Neb., on a
speaking ' ' campaign, i expressed
gratification "for the .support of
all people and , organizationa who
believe as I do.f He said he had
"felt allt throughout the country
.this rising sentiment on the part
Guest
Pric Se
Germans Bloc!
.Drive
Points
Push Opens 11 p;m.Thuiday
Following Terrific Artillery
V Barrage; Planes Give Help
. 1 - ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, Naples, Saturday, May !lS
(AP The allied Fifth and Eighth armies punched out sains
as deep. as two and three miles
oian all-out offensive officially described as the first "of n
the final battles' io destroy
early today. .
- At other points of the
the allies were blocked by furious resistance after launch
ing: their big push at 11 odock Thursday night on a blazing;
25-mile front from Casino to the Gulf of Gaeta. A I
. Sharp German counter-attacks : in some instances also
eliminated initial allied gains.
The exact localities where the
allies penetrated from two to three
miles could not be divulged pend
ing an official announcement
Allied j fighter -bombers gave
close support all day to the at
tacking men of many nationali
ties,' and A-3S dive bombers scor
ed hits on an important German
post, r !'-: . ' .
LONDON, Satarday, May 13
(JP) Berlin acknowledged today
that allied troops la Italy had
broken through at several
points in the Lirt valley below
Cassine, but said "In spite ef
the high losses la men and saa
teriaL allied - troops have, not -am
irhere . reached thf aietaal
'Geraoa defease system." C
; la broadcast heard by the
ministry ef information the nasi '
'spokesman was reluctant to re
gard the allied offensive as
big pnsh."
"It is mach snore; probable'
this attack win . prove nly a
diversionary operation which .
will enable the allies to launch
(Turn to Page 2 Story D)
American Ace
Bags 5 Nazis
A . FIGHTER BASE IN ENG
LAND, May 12 HPh- Lt Robert
Rankui, 25, Washington, D.C
Thunderbolt pilot, shot down five
Nazi- planes todayin savage air
battles over Germany,; tying the
record .for a single; day's kill,
but he modestly declined to claim
three others, which would have
given him the record. by big
margin. --.r- -v
- The three, he refused to claim
were enemy planes whose pilots
bailed out without a' fight
Lt Rankin's camera I proved
kiUs of . five ME-109's in a 45
minute melee north of Frankfort
This feat tied the joint-record of
Lt Carl J. Lusic, Joliet III., who
bagged five Nazi planes May 8,
and Capt Robert E. Waady, Roa
noke, Va., who downed five April
24.
The five brought Rankin's total
'to nine; all in the air. ; v -.
Included among those claiming
single kills in the day's action was
Lt Davis McEntire, Preston, Ida
Tennessee s
Sure Votes
of old line democrats to support
a republican candidate."
Dr. Archer is president of Suf
folk university In Boston. He suc
ceeded to the chairmanship of the
anti-Roosevelt group upon the
resignation of Harry W. Woodring,
former Roosevelt secretary of
war,' who: said he resigned be
cause too many democrats, oppos
ed to a fourth term were unwill
ing to "stand up and be counted.'
He1 also indicated promises of fi
nancial help , were not ' being car
ried "out. x i-sii-
- The Archer committee plans to
hold a national convention in St
Louis June 1-3.
Dr. Archer's statement said the
decision to support a republican
for president was .reached: in
series of regional conferences, but
he added I the group "is willing
to join with, the republicans in
nominating a conservative demo
crat's for : president . .There was
"hirh praise" for Dewey, he said,
but it was felt Dewey lacked ex
perience and political, training. -
No. S44
at Some
on
yesterday on the first day
the Germans, it was learned r
strongly fortified Gustav line
1 ( !
Hit Japs
Allied Air Force
. Pounds Invaders
Near Plain Edge
SOUTHEAST ASIA HEAD-;
9UARTERS, Kandy, Ceylon,
May nkJPh Allied air forces '
sent unprecedented swarms of(
bombers and fighters to the di
rect support of ground troops
today, in a smash at Japanese
lodged on the edge of India's
Imphal plain. -
(A j Tokyo broadcast boasted
that the Japanese were ready to;
launch a large-scale Offensive on v
these plains and claimed that ar
tillery had broken up allied plana
for a counter-offensive to cover i
i withdrawal.)
With the sky swept clean ef
the enemy, ware of aUied hea
vy aad saediom bombers soared
201 tons ef bombs' Tuesday and ,
Wednesday oa embedded tasks,
pillboxes and bankers manned
by thousands ef . Japanese at
Ningthooxhkohong. key strong
hold raaghly 22 miles soathwest
f Imphal. - ' J -., .
. Nowj the attacks are continuing
on rotsangbam, a village . near
which allied patrols and Japanese
jungle i fighters were reported
locked In battle, and at Moirang,
both in" the same area south of
Imphal on the road to Tiddim in .
Burma. .. - .. kv '
" These bombers were reaching
for . the, . eommaaicatloa . lines
over which the Japanese tun
in their drive Into eastern In
dia, loosing their leads almost
as far soath as Tiddim itself,
with a strike at Tongsaag. ,:
The j Japanese were using this
Tiddim-Imphal road after being
stymied trying to approach the
plain from the direction of PaleL
Few Over 26
Will Be Called
Rest of Year ,
WASHINGTON, May 12
Only 150,000 to 200)00 mea 21
and over need be drafted for the'
rest of this year, informed gov-!
eminent officials estimated to-
night ' and selective service was
reported ' apprehensive that too
many older men might be taken
despite a new deferment policy.
The ; estimate was declared to
be high, if anything, since it did
rtot take Into account the Uklihood
that ,; many young ' formers 18
through 25 will be inducted under,
tightened farm ; deferment pro
cedure. ... ; ... . .
More older men may be taken
than needed, officals feared, be
cause local draft boards may hot
immediately adjust themselves to
the liberalized standards of essen
tial work set forth by selective
service director; Lewis B. Hershey.
" The war manpower commission
informed its' 1,503 VS. employ
ment! service offices v today that
men 30. through 37 ;in- essential
industries are not expected to be
Inducted probably "for the re
mainder "of. the year.". -
Line
Bo
bers