reread the letters from home,
hxious ' for every bit of news,
they uhould know that their let
ters home are read and reread
nd passed around, among rela
tives .rand friends. A few of them
: . - -- . ' a. ft
2 ina meir way vao pruiu ana
rnore 6f them deserve "such' recog
nitiari. The fact is,' that people
en the home front are keenly' in-
: terested inJ the experiences and
In the mental reactions of the
'Jnen on the fightings front.
The attitude of soldiers to civil
ian loafers and strikers and pro-
t iteer is well known. If has been
expressed in no uncertain lan-
iruace. But the -emotional and
f ten ? religious expressions con
. . - r - 1 9 i.u , .
: deeply men - In the service -Jiave
been feeling ahd thinking, as they
face the uncertainties, the reali
ties fend the mysteries of life.
i Today I am going to quote from
letter written by an artillery
, rnan,' sitting at the edge of his
lit trench in North Africa on
the last day of April to his bro
ther who was then in a training
camp - in the - home land. The
uthnr.v Charles I. Wood. jr.. of
plem whose father is employed
at the state public utilities office,
graduated at Oregon S t a t e in
1941, went immediately into ser
vice and is how captain. His
brother, Don, in the same branch
f, the service, recently was sent
overseas. The gist of Capt Woods
letter is that regardless of how
tnueh tniniM tamp mm u, am
hardest lessons lie ahead: "How
to do their job in the face of a
ruaxed. heartless, armed intelli-
Sfent experienced army." He goes
on to savr
Ji : "Some of r the simplest things
that we don't even pay, any awen-
tion to- any more are such things J
as not having been in any sort
f bed or had any mattress
other than my roU for going on
ix months. That goes for every
tnan in the outfit from the Colonel l
down to the last private and yaro:
bird. Not having ami iresn zncati
te M PAod. About . ftird
roll at all. Just drop to your
tracks and Jtleep a while, tnen get
tip and go on. You eat when you
can and at least half the time
ftv ttrm ratitMi: 4 baths in six
.A.4K' nn nr -i-tt hours at
-water a-day. Blackout, marche-
TOR? PAY in rain, ''sleet,, snow,
mndand imuck up to .the heels.
th .v m hw we did it but
V '.m vnll in cr. Desert Sand I
-: . , . I
- - i
they dropped at their posts. Cooks
. .. . I
and telephone (uonunuea on I
Editorial Page)
Local River
Victim Found
WEST SALEM, July 20 The i
body of Lester McDaniel Fitch, 5,
was recovered at 4. O'clock this
afternoon from the wWillamette
river after the child fell from -a
drift of logs into a six mile cur
rent The child was playing with
two older brothers when the ac
cident occured about 11- sum.
Polk County-Coroner C. W.
Henkle released the body to Rig-
don's Mortuary. Services will be
held at the chapel Thursday
rooming at : 10 o'clock with Rev.
Xdward Allen oixiciaung. inter-
ment will be in the Lee Mission
The child is the son of Mr. and
Mrs.' John C Pitch, formerly of
there June 11, 1938. . The family
week ago, following the cherry
harvest, and were living in an
auto camp near the river. Sur
viving besides the parents are a
sister, Geraldine Varice, and four
t -11 Tir:ii;nM tfnraon .TWenh
BThe body was recovered by groundrm Gabrielson, chair
Walter Gerth, Polk county depu- f toe festival committee, an-
tr. sheriff. Chief of Police Fred
ti. t xxrt caim tate nolice
officers and members of the Sa
-'J v " ' '
lem first aid crew, .
4500 Army Men
To Be Released
To Copper Blines
' WASHINGTON, July 20 - iFV -
Helease of 4500 men from the ar-
'Xny to accept jobs In copper, zmc participants from the various na
and malybdenum mines was au- tional groups in and about the
thorized Tuesday by the army. Salem community presenting; their
'A statement by Robert P. Pat -
fersori. acting secretary , ox war,
said efforts to recruit additional
miners, from civilian sources had
KfflSlSiSSE Si
tSJ&SS&S&i
Sx vital mtjl.fi - p
. --"" r " . - - .1
Ciileaa Archbishop
Deplores Rome Raid
SANTIAGO, Chile, July 23.H1
Archbishop Jose Maria Caro of
Santiago said today he "deplored
-the . bombing of - Rome although
we recosnize the bombing was
executed with care that churches,
t nd rtliibus and artistic rr.cnu-
. dents would not fce damaed.w
i u
Italian
Mutiny
British Prepare for. - v
Smash Through to -.Vital
Messina . "
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS
IN NORTH AFRICA, jruly,-20
(ff)-With some . Italian : troops
reported . in mutinies -- against
German; officers and. surrender-
m j to great-batches, American
, eru1rmtf rfrr n.
f ... . " v.
mighty drive to chop
Sicily rn two and are fanning
gtjy aiong the ; southern
. . i . . .
Jta-r-rt-. -
In the east near strategic Ca
tania, British: troops shattered
German tank attacks with bloody
losses and Gen. Sir Barnard L.
Montgomery was gathering
strength for a blow to topple that
fensiyeUr sustained to Messina
- -V. -
&e situation csaariy was crm
V uaa.
wn i.ji t
mutinies - among - Italian troops
mmmanXavl' Kw f!swmn avav
J " " , . -
Tuesday's war bulletin declared.
German ' officers have been
threatened or killed by Italians
seeking to surrender, official re
ports said, and the cleavage' .be
tween the bitterly-resisting nazis
and war-weary fascists has be
come an inter-axis - struggle.
Germany's manpower shortage
induced" the" axis high command
to make 1 what now, appears 1 to
have- been the : mistake of . using
Italian troops under German offi
cers and non-coms without suf
ficient German privates ' In the
same units to dominate tneii
morale, observers said.
This was the over-all picture
of invasion:
1 Western- (American) sec ton US
Seventh army troops have dashed
10 miles . along the coast -from
s (Turn to Page 2 Story B)
11 nry 11 .
neil IO 1 allL
A a. 1 L.:tAfl
rA, UlUllU
atlOnS t de
Gov. Earl Snell is to . be the
speaker and Irl S. McSherry, ex
ecutive director of the Oregon War
Chest, master of ceremonies for
Salem's United Nations festival to
uv - .
irsons owmnz traoiuonai cos-
man - icvtcouiAH w va. mj . v
the United Nations are urged by
the festival committee to appear
in that garb and "make themselves
known.1
Purpose "of the event, Gabriel
son said, "la to help promote unity
among- all peoples who are now,
along with our own country, fight-
ins: to defeat the axis. The pro-
lcram is planned to be both edu-
J cational and entertaining, with
j own traditional songs and dances
I in national costume.'
I 5 No .admission is to be charged.
Houoehold Goods
Production Okeh
.;'
; ttt 1 nimtnifintT All j m
The war production board" Tues
day authorized a resumption , or
increase in the manufacture of
number of household : articles, In
cluding carpet sweepers, pot scour
ers and food grinders.
The agency emphasized, ; how
ever that although greater produc
tion is -mow permitted, It is not
iffuarantieed because of the limited
j jx.cunts of steel and iron avafl-
latZs
Troops
nn. ,
n
- .
Astoria Fire 'Razes
One Block, Perils .
Entire West Eri& v
Neigldoring:Fire Fighters Called; .
. Coast Guard Clears Danger Zone
ASTORIA, Ore., July 20-(P-Fire broke out in the Finnish disr
trict of Astoria Tuesday, levelled a block of wooden buildings,
left more than 200 homeless and threatened to sweep the' entire
wtem end of the city. "
. Fire-fighting j equipment was
southland Hwaco, Wash, across
the Columbia river to the north,
but the progress of the blaze was
not - halted until the coastguard
and navy sent men in from near
by bases to fight the flames. -
Destroyed were a large room
ing house, a hotel and eight
houses. . ' "
City Manager ' Brewer Billie
said damage was more than $100,-
000. - :-Vi. " .':r':i 'f'U '
The district was Jammed with
cannery ; workers, ' fishermen and
navy ' personnel because of : the
housing shortage. A ; number -; of
shacks and former woodsheds in
which, workers were housed, went
up in the flames. ' ' '
Origin of the fire Was-undeter
mined. -
The blaze was controlled after
a three-hour fight
Several persons were overcome
by . smoke, but there were no seri
ous injuries. Those overcome were
revived on the scene by first aid
crews. . . . . r
More than 200 combatted the
(Turn to Page 2 Story E)
Fifth Blaze
Hits Building
By LTLLIE MADSEN
f SILVERTON, July 20 Light
ning may not strike twice in the
same place, but fire has struck
five times in less than a year in
the identical spot here the form
er site of the Fischer flouring.
mills structure. .The fifth .time
was 4 tonight and . it was . a -, spec
tacular blaze lighting up the sky
and attracting spectators from
miles about, but did no appreci
able damage. Most of the possible
damage war done in the-first fire
last August, - ; ' ;
Inasmuch as the fire depart
ment is housed in the same block,
it has been getting, a lot of prac
tice "runs' - without wasted
gasoline or rubber. It just pulls
out and then pulls over, ' and Is
ready to fight fire. "
: Cause of tonight's fire was .un
certain; some of the others have
caught from smouldering embers
of their predecessors. T. T. Leo
nard, has been wrecking, the re
mains of the flour mill building
and hauling' usable lumber to the
flax plant Some of the salvage
able lumber was destroyed in to
night's fire, constituting, the only
lOSS. ', - -i
AAA Puts Clamp
On News Release
To American Press
WASHINGTON, July 20.-P-The
agricultural adjustment agen
cy has forbidden its 200.COO field
employes : and state, ; county and
local farmer committeemen to dis
tribute information - about' AAA
farm programs to the press, radio
and 4 other mass means of com
munication. e
The agriculture department dis
closed this today in making public
an interpretation by its solicitor
of a provision of . the new "depart
ment appropriation act prohibiting
the use of federal funds in paying
salaries and expenses of any AAA
regional, state or county informa
tion employee.
Array Prisoner Found
Pvt Jose Aguflar, US army
prisoner who escsped from an
IIP here Monday, .ttes picked up
last nl;ht by rendition police.
LJ
,; ,
called from Seaside; 20 miles
Ickes Asserts
No New Dealers
Running War
NEW YORK, Juyl 20-0P)-In-
terior Secretary Ickes said Tues
day that drafted businessmen
were running the war and . "if the
war program has broken down at
any point v v it t hasn't been
chargeable to the 'brain trusters,'
to the new dealers' or ; to the
bureaucrats'. " ' "
"It isn't the new dealers' who
have been running .this war,, he
said in an address before the Sales
Executive club. I challenge any
one to name names and fix . re
sponsibilities. - If I know anything
about Washington Jt is that busi
nessmen, who have been drafted
have been running the war men
like Knudsen,' Nelson, Stettinius,
and many others whom ! I might
mention.' And while you are pon
dering this fact, consider also that
many of the most influential and
busiest executives, m this admin
istration were; never hew dealers.
Nor are-weynow.'bi??'
jv Ickes said the r toughest job"
of converting to war purposes fell
to 1 the federal government - and
commented t h a t the president
"did not turn the job of conver
sion over to a new dealer 'bureau
crat' such a myseuV. -"He
summoned to Washington
some of the greatest names in in
dustry and put the owners of
them to work. I have sometimes
ventured to think all by myself
of : course that this sudden - and
great influx of men, who," while
highly - competent in 'their em
fields, were inexperienced 'and
untrained and unsympathetic
with government procedures, was
not as well advised as it appeared
to be." t
00 Men Study
Gas Ration.Vl-
WASHINGTON, July 20
A committee of the nation's lead
ing oil men has undertaken a stu
dy of the gasoline ration problem,
William R. Boyd, jr., chairman of
the petroleum Industry war coun
cil, said Tuesday: night .
Declaring that neither the in
dustry nor the petroleum admin
istration for war has authority to
determine the rationing - system,
Boyd said JOur joint responsibility
has been and still is to supply the
gasoline to be rationed, and that
duty makes it only right that the
oil industry should suggest ways
to make the rationing system as
effective as possible." , ; -
ti-Trust
Qiarge Aired
WASHINGTON, . July 20.-(3-The
senate small business commit
tee said Tuesday it will investigate
charges that chain store purchases
of small meat packing plants have
"cut off supplies of meat , from
small retaflers.- - - -. " - - ..
Senator Wherry (R-Neb) who
will preside over the iaquiry, an
nounced that the Federation of
Nebraska Retailers and the Massa
chusetts Retail Grocers and Provi
sion Dealers association and other
independent retailing groups spon
sored the complaint
I'll
till
nn-
1
t t 1 I :
i .J
3-"More-
.t'-Jk V "V '.,( .
Nip Ships'
Aire Slink.
rEIockade Toll Hito " -?23
Vessels Bagged; t -..tiYe
Probables ' t " v
(;aIJJED ; HEADQUARTERS
IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC,-Wednesday,
July 21 -f-Tljree
more Japanese. warships
sank to a coral-fringed grave
yard in the , waters' around New
GeorgU m the Solomons early
Tuesday morning victims of
American bombs as air, land
and sea forces maintained over-1
whelming; pressure to seal the
doom of the beleaguered enemy at
Munda. ; L JT
American Liberators, 'Mitchells
and Avenger bombers thus beat off
the latest attempt by the Japan?
ese ' navy' to fight assistance
through-; to f their " hard-pressed
comrades on Munda, and Gen
eral MacArthur said! in today's
communique: . t ::- ' : : -4The
tightening investment of
Munda "has; now rendered supply
or' reinforcement of the enemy
dangerous : and difficult A slow
but constant: deterioration of his
beleaguered: garrison can be ex
pected unless our blockading ring
can be broken." . . , ;: J .
: Repulse of the fourth Japanese
naval attempt to run the steadily
tightening: American sea and: air
gauntlet into . Munda brought the
official - toll ; of enemy ? military
shipping losses In Solomon waters
toi:., -ri.Vf' -i" :r .v ' "y-t'4'i V:-v i. '
..... ;!!.... .. ..,( s-v,if . ... - .
; Sunk Three v cruisers,'. 13 -.'destroyers,
: one aubmarine' chaser,
five cargo vessels and. one, tanker.
! . Probably sunk Five destroyers.
,U Damaged Five- destroyers and
five cargo- vessels.' " 1 :.
v. Details of the: American air at
tack were lacking, but: the com
munique . d eclared that surviving
ships r of the convoy - withdrew
without reaching : its objectives,
I (Turn to Page 2 Story. C)'
nBund'Triai
-.1
Tesliinonv
Is Heard
t L SAN FRANCISCO, July 20-P)
The, organization which later be
came the German-American bund
Included SO nazi . party members
tn its Chicago unit in 1920 and
the nazi party functioned as an
organization in the United States
until 1833, Peter Gissibl of Wau
kegan, Bl, testified in federal
court Tuesday. A ' ;
1 Gissibl was ; the government's
first witness in its attempt to re
voke the citizenship of 28 Ger
man born naturalized Americans.
All are charged with having held
membership in the bund." -
v.
Rick's Son a Marine .
1 NEW YORK, July 2-TVDav-
id Edward Rickenbacker, 18, eld
est son of Capt Eddie Ricken
backer, was sworn into the United
States marine corps Tuesday. .
LONDON, July 21.-J-The
Berlin radio reported today that
Came .had. been rtlltl a rain last
'xueht y allied planes. - .
4 Th ,fcreaicast recorded ty.
Reuters, was, not tr"-ewLle!y
" confirmed by any ether sources,
however. - -
- Observers here polUJ act
" that leaflets drcppe3 by U3 air
men "osday r-r-'.IsneJ the pes
: slbUity tiat axis r zaes t-!;'.t
: be used to Cray I o:xhm and
: credit Illty tj rrcpxranua c!L:-3
that the aL :s irere CJzzzizlj
dsstrcyirj tzl'.:zzl c:r;r:-'.i
1 t 1
- w.. . 1... j. .. . ...... : . . v . v . A '- ' .....
Allied AitChief s
hay-:. Only. Military l
P6ints;ipf:R
: Catholics Regret Raid's Necessity;
Bomb-Pocked Slalta Says iTnksV
-Allied air chiefs, studying the photographs of the first raid on
Rome, announced Tuesday that important Italian mmtary ob
jectives were smashed hi the capital while from the axis, authors
of total war,-came protests that
Speculation on
Hitler, Duce
Meet Is Rife
LONDON. July 20-ff)-; Adolf
Hitler flew into Italy Monday for
a conference with Premier Musso
lini, the, axis announced, Tuesday
night indicating: - the : nazis are
gravely . concerned over --the Jate
of their junior partner. .,: - w
London sources said the confer
ence, held, at an unnamed town in
northern Italy, apparently was a
last-minute attempt to whip up
the Gagging spirits of Italy, whose
empire has been lost, her Euro
pean soil invaded and her capi
tal bombed. r : V"':'';
Choice of Monday as the meet
ing day was a curious one for
Mussolini ; While the dictators
were discussing "military ques
tions, Rome was being pounded
by more than; 500 bombers in the
biggest raid to come H Duce's
way.' ' . -
The meeting was .the first since
the , dictators conferred at Salz
burg April 7-10 while the position
of .Tunisia, was becoming serious.
The fact that Hitler went into
Italy, was interpreted by .some as
an indication that Mussolini is
holding the whip hand at the mo
ment and the only whip Musso
lini could hold over Hitler would
be a threat to make a separate
peace. ; , " .. ; -;-: :,
. "If Mussolini wanted to beg for
Gasman tanks, guns and' airplanes,
one- would have -thought he would
have; run .to the fuehrer's, head
quarters for ' them, one observer
said. He pointed out that of their
five meetings since Italy, entered
the war,. two were held, at Salz
burg, in German territory, one at
the Russian front ahd two at Bren
ner pass on the German-Italian
border. ? 4--Vt-K ' . h'
British observers said they be
lieved the announcements of sim
ilar German and Italian communi
ques i that . "military: ' questions
were discussed, but then doubted
whether s Germany was in a po
sition to send much help to Italy.
UMW-AFI; Act
To Af f iKate
' WASHINGTON, July " 20 ff
ReafSHition of the United Mine
Workers : of . America with the
American Federation of Labor ap
peared a step nearer Tuesday, fol
lowing a three-hour I conference
between John L. Lewis and exec
utives of the AFL. ;s - T
Lewis and his .United Mine
Workers left the AFL'nore than
five years ago, when the mine un
ion leader started the CIO. His recently-filed
application ' for reaf
filiation is to be acted on by the
AFL council when it meets next
month in Chicago.
Gen. Anderson
JoPrc-o'ed
- LCIIDCN, July 20.-y-The of
ficial- London Gazette announced
Tuesday that Ilaj. Gen.-XL. A. II,
Ar.4!:r:cn ccrrjzznder cf the Drit
ish first army, had been pre .ctsi
to. the rank cf lieutenant renersl,
datl.- z from January 22, 12 IX.
Hi Ls teca actLtj wiUi a rrr.k
r
i 1 i , ! Mil! ill
r In
a aMr "M 'VnH' naaHHiS
Eit
ome.
church, scientific and workers
residence buildings were hit with
leg persons, killed and 16S9 in
jured. r i. -, .
An American communique from
Cairo s a 1 d the reconnaissance
photographs showed the XJttoria
marshalling: yards were complete
ly; destroyed and an ammunition
train blown up. ; A large hangar
at a nearby airdrome was blown
up. and planes on the ground de
stroyed. - '. .- ,;
That the : raids spread very
great damage", was admitted by
the Rome and Berlin radios, but
they -spent , their time announcing
that San Lorenzo basilica, Verrio
cemetery, University City an d
hospitals Of the i polyclinic . insti
tute: Were hit as ;well as workers
dwe;UnS. . In. the Prenestma " and
Latina districts. 1
: Advices from Switzerland - said
all persons not compelled to stay
in Rome were warned to leave
Immediately by the. fascist gov
ernment The city, although with
out adequate air raid shelters, has
been filled with, evacuees from
other cities bombed , more . fre
quently." '
- German reaction was typified in
a broadcast by a German foreign
office spokesman who hinted that
retaliation might be tried and the
allies will "point in vain to cul
tural monuments and institutions
of Washington, New ' York or
London. ' :- ; f'f ;:' T :'- :
,' Catholics in allied or neutral
countries took a serious view of
the. bombing. Some of the state
ments: ? j r-::".!:IZ.:-..
FirePrime Minister Eamon de
Valera's newspaper, the Irish
' (Turn to Page 2 Story A)
Rev. Howard dole
Garros Pastorate ;
PORTLAND, . July 20.-(ff)-The
Rev. Howard Cole,' a graduate of
Salem high school and Willamette
university, will quit his field, sec
retary position with the Northwest
Christian Endeavor on September
8 to become pastor of St John's
Christian church here. . '
I Bdnibar&earZ
Meet Hiss Helen Dennett 22, ap-
plicant far two honors. First ta
register ta the competltian for
eeleetlen f Salem's. lllsw
Eombar-Dear, she Is also an ap
plicant 'for.. n.'zL'.zz'.zn .ta t'.e
women's army corps (7AC).
Already ZIlss Cennett Ls en
gzred 1 work ta Lc? wla the
wax, fr she la currently era
ployed la a EaJem casery. Hzr
parents re&I-a ta Espese. Ta
morrew the jlctare cf t-stle r
chtrrilzj yocrp wc;a ez!?rt J
la the contest li ta frpeax la
: The Ctatesm&a 't r : : :i sr. " w
. CLt f aae f tie ariicers.from
tla t!x txst, a isTpe Ls t" cera-
rci::::a.
J. .f- I 1 LJ ytU
V I II II II II I i i .
i .1 I
LJ
Gerinniaini
Defense'-;;;
Breaclkedl :
Russians Strike for i
Heart of Donets ; t
Dasin Sector
LONDON. Julv 21-PU Thm
great Russian- summer offensive
broke over a 450-mile ' front
Tuesday extending f rpm the Or
el sector, where that vital axis
held "hinge" city was threat
ened with encirclement to the
Mius river, where . Red army
troops breached German defen
ses in front of Taganrog, it was
announced in special Soviet com
munique today, ;
The Russians said their troops
had broken across the Mius river
and also the northern , Donets riv
er, south of Izyum and southwest
of, Voroshilovgrad, in . an area
about 300 miles south of Orel, ap
parently aiming at the heart of the
Donets basin. Here strong German
forces had thrust back Cp into
the rich industrial, territory last
spring to recapture Slavyansk and
other steel and rail centers as part
of their offensive that reclaimed
Kharkov.
- At least 50 more towns were re
captured by the Soviet, forces
driving on Orel, including Mtsensk,
31 miles northeast of Orel on the
32 miles north of Orel, the Soviet
special war bulletin declared. It
was broadcast by the Moscow ra
dio . and . recorded by the Soviet
radio monitor here.
The Soviet midnight communi
que, broadcast by the Moscow ra
dio several hours after the special
war bulletin detailed the new suc
cesses, , said the offensive about
ura wu conuniunc. wiiooui letup
despite spirited German resistance
a . 11 a a
which was costing the enemy hea
vily... r
Another Moscow broadcast dis
closed that in a prelude to Tues
day's smashing land offensive.
large forces of Russian heavy
bombers smashed at German con
centrations and airdromes south
east of Orel late Monday night de
strovine a "eon&iderahl number"
of nazi air force planes caught on
the ground. . . . : -
-. Moscow's midnight communique
listed more than 47C0 of the ene-
my killed in : engagements about
imi ana ueiforoa, witn anotner
1000 declared to have been killed
or wounded and HO tanks disabled
or destroyed, in addition to 53 ar
tillery, mortar and self-propel
ling Tgun batteries put out of action.
Numbers of war prisoners and
large stores of munitions ware tak
en in the Russian advance, it was
said. . .. ' V "
An unspecified number of towns
(Turn to Page 2 Story D)
Funeral Held
For Pioneer
FOREST GROVE, July 20.-V
F: J. Miller, 78, reputed to be the
only grower of Bohemian hops In
the United States, was buried here
Monday. He died Friday at his
home here where he has lived
since 1SC3.
Corn in a covered wagon on the
Oreson trail, he grew up at Eilcm,
where his father, Alexander' Mil
ler, landscaped the original capitel
grounds, and on a farm near Yam
hill. In 1S23, he secured cutting
from an imported Bohemian hop
root and ei;ht years later harvest
ed his first sizeable crop.
City Firemen
Quell Blazes
- City firemen responded to calls
to two smi.il fires Tuesday. At ZZ"
Hickory street early Tuc -I:y 1'
tcrnoon, tv-ey put cut a L:; 2 I 1
En old mattress which 1 1 f 1
cnei a tarn. A grm& fire v '
tied at Union and C;-"-l t.. .
la!:r in the aii?rr.ocn.
! n r-T