Today
v Complete Sports
Report, 2 Pages
(See Pases 10 and 11)
Dimout '
Sun. sunset 6:56
Mon. sunrise 7:50
(Weather on Page 4)
PCUNDSD ICZS
v ijejety-cecond yeah
Salem, Oregon. Sunday Morning, February -23.' 1843
Pric Sc.
No. 253
If .777 7777) UlSThTf IWUll VD V TTH (TV
Benefits
Mayor Proclaims Aid for War Fund
ritoiris Sliattei'
WOMAN.
B
-
Given
Employes Not to Be Moved
Until New Positions Found
. Regional Directors Freer
. By WILLIAM T. PEACOCK
WASHINGTON, Feb. 27 -
ber industry in all its phases and for metal mining other than
iron throughout the nation was ordered Saturday night by the
war manpower commission. !
At the same time, Chairman Paul V. McNutt issued regu
lations granting board discretionary authority to area and re
gional directors in putting the 48-
hour week into effect in order
industries in me -laoor snorx-
age" areas designated last month.
Ia general, these 'regulations
- are designed to ease . the tran
sition to the longer work week
by providing . that no firm
which mast release employes
to go . on a 48-honr basis shall
Install1 the longer week until
the federal employment service
finds, "suitable employment"
for the workers.
As explained by Fowler V. Har
per, McNutt's chief deputy, this
might mean a period of months
r more before some firms in the
labor shortage areas will insti
tute the longer work week. He
: outlined the procedure in this
manner:
By April, 1, the company must
file with the regional manpower
official a statement of how many
employes it would release by go
ing on the 48 - h o u r week. It
should then continue working its
current schedule until , manpower
officials advise that jobs else
where are ready for the workers
who would be released.
This would apply only to bus
inesses which must release em-
. Other firms, in Harper's expla
nation, would fall roughly into
two classes:
1. Those which can go on a 48
hour week without releasing em
ployes which would make ar con
tribution to the war effort by a
longer work week. Such business
es, Harper said, should simply
change to the" 48-hour .week and
need not notify anyone.
2. Those for w h o m a longer
work week would be impractica
ble, would not contribute to re
duction of labor requirements or
the war effort, or would conflict
with the state or local laws.
These should file a statement of
their case with the local manpow
er director by April 1 and await
bis decision.
The order to the lumber and
non-ferrous mining industries
to go on the 48-hour week was
the first industry-wide applica
tion of the longer work-week
principle. The labor depart
ment estimated it covered about
870,000 workers in lumber and
70,000 in mining.
WMC officials said consider
able segments of the two indus
tries already are working at least
48 hours. Last September the war
production board ordered that all
workers in the two industries in
12 western states be placed on a
48-hour week with pay and one
half for the work in excess of 40
hours. Subsequently the office of
price administration raised t ceil
ing levels to compensate for the
extra costs. ' '
Asked about price and wage
questions where additional work
ers are affected by Saturday's or
der. Harper said the WMC had
no control over these matters
that they were the concern of oth
er agencies. . Price Administrator
Prentiss Brown has expressed his
opposition - to easing any price
ceilings in order to take care of
increased costs under 4 8 -hour op
erations. -lU
The general regulations as to
instituting the longer work week
in the ,; 32 labor shortage areas
also apply to the lumber and
mining industries.
These regulations list various
exemptions from the longer work
week, f some of which had been
previously announced. They in
clude Z establishments employing
fewer than eight persons, state
and political sub-divisions, youths
tinder the age of 16, and "persons
who, ' because of other employ
ment, household duties or physical
disabilities, are not available for
full-time work."
.' Harper conceded the broad
grant of authority to local and
regional directors might lead to
conflicting decisions by " officials
in different areas but said that
where any differences became, a
national matter, Washington will
step in.
The purpose in giving great
discretion to local officials, he
(aid, is to have local problems
, (Turn to Page 2 Story A)
48rMour
JP) - A 4 8 -hour week for the lum
Stimson Backs
Over-All Draft
.... .. j .
Austin-Wadsworth
- Bill Endorsed ;
'Control Inadequate9
WASHINGTON, Feb. 27 -JP
Reporting "increasing evidence of
the inadequacy of present con
trols," Secy, of War Stimson wrote
the senate military committee
Saturday strongly endorsing a bill
providing for the compulsory con
trol of manpower.
In a letter to Chairman Reyn
olds (D-NC), Stimson said the
war department "strongly en
dorses" a bill introduced by Sen.
Austin (R-NY) and Rep. Wads
worth ; (R-NY) and "urges its
prompt passage by congress."
This was the first intimation
from j administration sources of
support for the Austin-Wads-worth
measure, which would
provide primarily for voluntary
transfer of workers to essential
war Jobs but "would provide for
compulsion If voluntary controls
fail to bring about the desired
results.
Stimson reports "present or im
minent" shortages of labor in ag
riculture, mining and industry.
"There is increasing evidence of
the inadequacy of present controls
to achieve a full utilization of our
manpower and to solve the labor
shortage problem," Stimson wrote
Reynolds.
"As a result," Stimson contin
ued, "in several instances where
labor shortage emergencies existed
it has been necessary to take men
from the army to supply labor.
This is a practice that is wasteful
and disruptive to the army train-
(Turn to Page 2 Story B)
River Boat
Comes, Here
The Gay Marie, 165-70 foot
steamboat minus engines, arrived
at its mooring place south of Wal
ter Hain's Salem Boathouse at
8:30 o'clock Saturday night to be
come the first apartment . house
on the river at Salem.
Two decks and a pilot house
comprise the white-painted super
structure of the vessel, which is
to be used as a storage place and
boat shop below decks, with liv
ing quarters topside.
Believed to be about 40 years
old, the Gay Marie was once the
Gamecock, a towboat on the Co
lumbia river. A number of years
ago reconstruction into a night
club was started, but never com
pleted, and at that time the name
was changed to the Gay Marie,
Hain says.
Recently the vessel has - lain
near Ross Island bridge in Port
land and has been spoken of as
the "Ross Isle" although the name
boards were never changed.
Roosevelt 111;
Talk Canceled
WASHINGTON, Feb. 27 -1JP)
President i Roosevelt, though im
proved, canceled all engagements
for the weekend Saturday to rest
up from an intestinal disturbance
which has kept him away from
his office since Wednesday. -
The slight fever which . accom
panied the disorder had- disap
peared Saturday and he was said
to be "getting along very satis
factorily." However, his physician
advised continued rest and no ap
pointments were made for him. :"
A four-minute radio broadcast
he was to have made between
1:15 and 1:30 p. m. PWT Sunday
in starting the $125,000,00 Red
Cross war fund drive was called
off. Red Cross Chairman Norman
H. Davis will read the message
for him. - '
ease
ErVored ;
Committee Asks $40;
Adjournment Awaits
Some Big Issues :
By RALPH C. CURTIS
Good news for the recipients
of old age assistance in Oregon
was provided Saturday by the
legislature's k joint ways j and
means committee when it voted
8 to 4 to comply with Gov. Earl
Snell's recommendation that .the
item for this class of benefits
in ; the public welfare budget be
increased from the budget etsi
mate of $16,880,000 to $20,000,000.
But, though it's primarily the
budget-balancers problem, to the
tax planners the committee's ac-
LEGISLATTVE CALENDAR
Third reading Monday:
In House: HB 163, 216, 369, 382,
383. SB 178,201,206. . i ...
In Senate: SB 15, 151, 181, 258,
264, 265, 172, 208, 161. HB 81, 82,
131, 171, 364, 366, 367, 368, 370,
371, 372, 373, 195.
tion afforded the reverse of ease
and comfort. i-
The increase, Gov. Snell had
estimated, ould make it possible
to raise the average monthly al
lowance to $37 or $40. It puts
addition strain of $900,000 on the
already tightly-inflated budget for
the biennium; and more than that
if, as is being urgently suggested,
the state takes over a portion of
the counties' load. As things
stand, half the total increase would
be borne by the federal govern
ment, 30 per cent by 'the state
and 20 per cent by the counties.
Guy Gordon, the governor's
tax advisor, said the counties
would not . be able to Increase
their contribution by the $600,
000 this program would . entail,
though they might transfer some
of their other publie welfare ,
funds to old age assistance, sir ee
there Is a falling-off in demand "
for general assistance.
Gordon recommended a definite
state appropriation of $12,000,000
for old age assistance, and that all
liquor revenue be frozen for this
purpose. As to the future prospects
of this source of revenue, C. C.
Chapman predicted .income would
equal or exceed that of the last
biennium even if the . liquor sup
ply is reduced 25 per cent, since
more high-priced liquor is sold in
prosperous times.
In view of this decision by the
ways and means committee, there
were indications that Rep. John
Steelhammer's bill to tax pinball
machines and mechanical phono
graphs and earmark the proceeds
for old age assistance might be
reconsidered in the senate. Figures
obtained in the last 'few days in
dicate it would raise about a mil
lion dollars a year.
Adjournment by the next week
end was the big question mark as
the members faced their last day
of $8 compensation Monday. The
idea of working for nothing being
by no means novel to veteran leg
islators, they were less worried
about that than over the volume
of work ahead. . Marked progress
has been made recently however
in cleaning up issues.
These remain: Civil service,
fortified winesT taxing munici
pal utilities, occupational disease
coverage under workmen' com
pensation, : compulsory accident
insurance, excise tax reduction,
income tax reduction, communi
ty property law, distribution of
income tax surplus to schools.
Not nearly so formidable a list
as was faced a week earlier; and
some of these are close to solu
tion. Civil service, fortified wines and
(Turn to Page 2 Story C)
Willkie Seen
As Candidate
Indianapolis, Feb. 27 -v?)
The Indianapolis Star, in a dis
patch from its Washington-corre
spondent, said i Saturday I night
that Wendell L. Willkie's candi
dacy for the 1944 republican pres
idential nomination will be en
tered in the 13 states having pri
maries for selection of delegates
to the party's national -convention.
Willkie's candidacy for the nom
ination "may be taken for grant
ed without any formal announce
ment from him" and he "will
fight for. tiie popular vote in ev
ery ; state t where delegates ; are
named in primary elections," said
the "dispatch. -,v-:-i - i u
"Willkie, who was the republi
can nominee against" President
Roosevelt in 1940, was in Indian
apolis Saturday, but he declined
to comment on reports! that be
would be a candidate again next
year. ..,...
i
7
Mayor I. M. Doughton here presents his Red Cross war fund proclamation to Charles H. Haggins,
general chairman of the drive, in war; fund headquarters at 357 Court street.: Left' to right,' Justice
George Ross man, chairman, Marion county chapter, American Red Cross; Mayor Doughton; Chair
man Hugglns, and A. L. Shafer, manager, .western area division, American Red Cross, here from
Saa Francisco to aid in preparation for the campaign.
125,000,000
Rationees Sign
Today Deadline for
B, C, Tire Check;
Food Hints Given
WASHINGTON, Feb. 27
Deputy. OPA Administrator Paul
M. O'Lcary estimated Saturday
night that about U25,000,000 food
ration books were Issued during
this week's registration.
This was substantially above
the approximately 123,000,000 is
sued in the initial registration for
ration book No. 1 last spring.
Registration this week, OXeary
said, went smoothly, as a result
of the cooperation of jffewspapers;
radio, schools and merchants.
OPA Saturday amended the or
der banning sale of canned meats
and fish to allow canned chicken,
turkey and other poultry meats to
be sold immediately. Canned-
chicken soups, however, may not
be sold until Monday, when the
present freeze on canned goods
ends.
In another field of rationing;
OPA cautioned hotorists that
Sunday is the last day for hold
ers of B and C gasoline rations
and operators of commercial
vehicles to get - their tires in- '
spected. The deadline for hold
ers ef A gasoline ration books
Is March 31.
The government suggested to
housewives Saturday that they
make up a table showing how
many of the familiar kitchen cup
measurements can be procured
from various cans and packages
of frozen or dried foods before
they start shopping when the sale
of those products begins Monday
morning under the point ration
ing system.
The agriculture economists sug
gested:
Read the label to find out about
quantity, quality, ingredients and
(Turn to Page 2 Story F)
Salem Not in;
48-Hour Area
SEATTLE, Feb. 27-UP)- Brig.
Gen. H. G. Wmsor, area director
for the war manpower commission,
Saturday announced boundaries of
the western labor areas which will
be affected by application of the
president's 48-hour work week or
der.. " 1
As forwarded by Regional Di
rector William K. Hopkins, San
Francisco, they are: '
Seattle area King, Pierce,
Thurston, Kitsap and Snohomish
counties. ; V-
Portland area Clark county.
Wash and Multnomah,' Clacka
mas and Columbia counties, Ore. :
All districts in which there are
lumbering or non-ferrous mining
operations also are effected (on
a nationwide scale) but only in re
spect to those industries.
Silverton Pilot
Killed in Action
SILVERTON, Feb. 27 Fjed
West, Silverton boy, was killed on
an unidentified fighting front, ac
cording to meager information re
ceived here. He was a pilot of a
fighting plane.
The West family came to Sil
verton ten years ago and lived on
Mill street. A few months ago they
moved to Portland, v-.-
The message said he brought in
his plane but was found dead at
the controls. .
ATiiY
y . c? .
iiini;
4-1 1
til's i.
Ciano Arrival
Said Delayed
By Peace Aim
BERN, Switserland, Fb. 27.
P)-The German ambassador
to Vatican city departed hur
riedly and unexpectedly for
Berlin Saturday night and
Count Galeasso Ciano's pres
entation of credentials as Ital
ian ambassador to the Holy See
was postponed until Monday.
Well - informed Vatican ob
servers were quick ' to see in
these moves a further indica
tion of the wide scope of nego
tiations nnder way .since the ar
rival of Archbishop Francis J.
Spellman of New York-ty con
sultation with Pop TluV XXL
- (Turn to Page 2 Story D)
Yank Bombers
Blast Brest
U-Boat Base
LONDON, Feb. 27-JPh-Ameri
can Fortress and Liberator bomb
ers bashed the German naval base
at Brest on the French coast Sat
urday while RAF Venturas at
tacked Dunkerque in continua
tion of . the greatest sustained air
assault f the war on enemy in
stallations from the North sea to
the Bay of Biscay.
All the big US bombers return
ed safely from the latest in the
series of assaults in which allied
planes have pounded the nazi war
machine twice around the clock
and more.
The Paris and Calais radio
stations "suddenly went off the
air Saturday night, indicating
the RAF was carrying the of
fensive through another night.
The daylight operations follow
ed closely a Vvery heavy" attack
by RAF bombers Friday night on
the battered German industrial
city of Cologne.
Squadron after squadron of al
lied planes shuttled across the
channel Saturday as RAF and
allied fighters supported the four
motored American' bombers in
their raid on Brest.
. Their . target again was the
U-boat - base at that west coast
port, pointing to a sustained allied
air offensive to weaken the Ger-r
man submarine fleet and help
clear the- way for the landings
on the European mainland. -
W i 1 h e 1 m s h even, which US
bomber struck in - daylight Fri
day, is another U-boat building
center and. haven. Cologne, -left
quaking; under Friday night's
avalanche of RAF bombs, also
builds submarine engines and
parts.
With the Lorient and St. Na
zaire U-boat bases largely out of
commission from day 1 and . night
attacks by the allied' bomber
fleets stationed in Britain, the
Germans now probably are using
Brest ' the - third big base in
France to capacity, one British
observer said.
Institutional Food " .
Signup Extended "
Deadline, for .institutional users
of foodstuffs to sign up at the
Salem rationing board office was
extended Saturday to March 10,
because necessary supplies had not
all arrived, Florence Bell, clerk
in charge of food rationing for
Salem, war .' price . and rationing
board, announced. . -
The board advised institutional
registrants to plan to sign up be
tween March 5 and March 10. r
f -3 J
Red Gross Fund
Drive to
Kickoff Monday for
$42,000 Campaign;
Jefferson Reports
More than COO volunteers- will
put aside their own work Monday
morning to go into action in Mar
ion county in behalf of the Ameri
can Red Cross, war fund drive,
which officially opens on a nation
wide scale March 1.
"This is no small army," states
Charles H. Huggins, general chair
man for the drive, "and I can us
sure the public that it is as en
thusiastic and- conscientious an ar
my as -any American doughboy
could ask to have out on the home
front in his behalf. These workers
know what they are working for
$42,000 quota from the county at
large, and . they know that this
money is seriously needed to give
the service that the armed forces
must have from the local chapter
of the Red Cross.
In Salem, all preliminary
work in connection with the
drive was completed Sa'turday
afternoon in the war fund office,
357 State street Official kick,
off for the city comes at Monday
noon's chamber of commerce
luncheon meeting.
oiiicial recognition, so far as
. (Turn to Page 2 Story E)
NW Firewood
Authorized
SEATTLE, Feb. 27.-(i?5)-Janes
C. Scully, regional rationing rep
resentative of the office of price
administration, Saturday an
nounced ration order No. 14, cov
ering every form of firewood
from kindling to sawdust, in
Washington, Oregon and 10 coun
ties of the Idaho panhandle. It is
the first in the nation.
: Some 4000 fuel' dealers will be
required to register with the OPA
and furnish monthly data on sup
plies. Scully said consumers
would not be affected immediate
ly. Dealer registration dates have
not been' set. V'-v
. He said the order does not ra
tion wood but does. give. Region
al OPA - Administrator Harry
Camp, San Francisco,, authority
to do so, and to determine when
it is needed. ,C-1 .
v The order covered every per
son buying or selling wood or ac
cepting it as a gift, but exempts
government agencies. It defines a
dealer any anyone selling more
than four cords a month.
- Dealers will. report, wood sup
plies April 5, covering March 1
inventories, and monthly there
after. "- -
. Scully said the enabling order
was issued "because firewood is
the principal domestic - heating
fuel' in the area." : ' r ;
"Rationing of fuel oil, labor
shortages or transportation diffi
culties which may affect the coal
supply and the Influx - of - war
workers Into the northwest, need-'
ing more fuel," be , added, . may
combine to necessitate heavier
reliance on wood as fuel."- '
License Deadline Set
Monday is absolutely the last
day on which 1943 dog licenses
may, be issued without a penalty,
Lee j Ohmart, ; county clerk, said
Saturday. ' His office was open
until S o'clock Saturday fternoon
to accommodate iaie comers am
did a land office business. - v
Begin
Rationing
6,S
Safe'
Allies' ; Advance .:
Six Armored Assaults Hit
Northern Lines; Troops
Take Town, Near Airport
. . By DANIEL DE LUCE
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN NORTH AFRICA, Feb. 17
(P)-Veteran British troops stoutly entrenched on the rugged
heights near the Bizerte-Tunis bridgehead shattered repeated
German armored thrusts along a muddy, 55-mile front Saturn
day while in central Tunisia American and allied combat teams
captured the town of Kasserine and drove near the Thelepte
airport, 15 miles to the southwest I
Throwing about 50 tanks into
short, stabbing attacks, supported
by probably as much as five bat
talions of infantry. Col. Gen. Jur
gen Von Arnim tried but failed to
break into ' the strategic network
of roads immediately behind the
British line.
From the area of Sidi Nsir, U
miles northeast of Beja, to Jcbel
Mansour, six miles southeast of
Bou Arada, axis forces stormed
forward into devastating fire from
British artillery.
Strengthened with new tanks,
including the 40-ton Churchills,
the British armor quickly coun
terattacked and allied war planes
provided close ground support.
With the fighting still continu
ing, the number of axis troops tak
en prisoner, which Friday night
exceeded 400, was mounting stead-
X:
Six attacks were launched by the
enemy early Friday and although
all were temporarily smashed the
pressure was renewed at two
points, field dispatches said late
Saturday afternoon...
Along the Mateur-Beja road,
where 30 tanks and one Infantry
battalion; began the assault, the
enemy still va trying for a break
through in the Sidi Nsir area.
In the area of Bou Arada, which
is held by the British, the enemy
was attempting to dent the line
after the British destroyed seven
out of 20 German panzers for the
loss of one Churchill.
The northernmost limit of von
Arnim's operations was, the
Mateur-Tabarka road where a
column of 700 men was repulsed.
The southernmost limit was Je
ben Mansour, whose bleak sum
mit has been a long disputed
vantage point.
Other enemy thrusts were driv
en back from the vicinity of Med-
jez-el-Bab and southward from
Goubellat, this latter attack hav
ing been planned to link up with
the attack northwest from Bou
Arada and pinch off a ten-mile
British salient.
Aloft the allies used their grow
ing air superiority to strike behind
German lines, at the Bizerte docks.
at Gabes and at the Sardinian town
of Gagliari where the Italians said
73 were killed and 280 injured. -
Cairo dispatches said reconnais
sance patrols of the Eighth army
had darted around the Mareth line
to within 40 miles of Kasserine.
6 Oregon Men
In Army Dead ';
WASHINGTON, Feb. 27-(ff)
The war department made public
Saturday the names of 761 sol
diers killed in action in the Afri
can, Alaskan, " Asiatic, European,
south Pacific and southwest Pa
cific areas. Of the dead, 119 were
officers, and 642 enlisted men. The
list included: -
In Africa:
Oregon : " '-''';
Second Lt Robert C. Havens;
father, Windom Leland Havens,
Portland.
Pvt. William Youngman; moth
er, Mrs. Mary Youngman, Port
land.' In Europe:
Oregon
Staff Sgt Jack M. Madison;
mother, Mrs. Minnie L. Madison,
Corvallis. v " '
Tom Howard Taylor; fa
ther, Howard R. Taylor, Eugene.
In southwest Pacific:
Oregon '
Pfc. Eldon L. Allen; mother,
Mrs. Mary J. Grim, Irrigon -
Pff. Rex W. Thornton; mother.
Mrs. Helen M. Thornton, Richland.
Novelist Acquitted
MIAML Fla., Feb. 27.-i!P)-Au-thor
Ursula Parrott's trial, like
her - books, had a happy ending
with her acquittal Saturday of
three charges growing out of
smuggling a handsome young
soldier from a military stockade
where he was a prisoner for be
ing absent without leave.
o Axis;
Into Towns
; . ' : -
Airmen Destroy 18
German Bomber;'
Nazis Stubborn
LONDON, Sunday, Feb. 28-(X
Red army troops battling forward,
west of Kharkov captured a num- '
ber 9f large populated, places in
violent fighting Saturday, while
Russian airplanes roared ahead to
destroy 18 German bombers on
the airdrome at Zaporozhe on the
Dnieper river bend, the Soviets
announced early Sunday. '
Russian ground forces last were
reported only 50 miles northeast
of Zaporozhe.
Soviet units swept into sev-
serai populated places north of '
Knrsk also, said the mldnicM
communique recorded by the
Soviet Monitor, but the bulletin
told of stubborn German resist-
a nee on all fronts, with the naxls .
steadily pouring tanks Into the -,
battle, -especially In the, muddy
-Donets greai;-. i'r4 '
Thawing weather is hampering
the ' Russians, but Moscow dis
patches said the Soviet generals
expected more frosts to facilitate
their drive before the advent of
spring. '
-Strongly-reinforced German in
fantry battalions were routed "in
violent f jghting" southwest f
Voroshilovgrad, and west of Ros
tov along the, sea of Azov Ger
man attempts to regain positions
lost the day before were beaten
back at a cost of 200 nazis killed,
the communique said. 1
Red army aircraft were
sweeping ahead Of ground troops
in smashing at the airfield at
Zaporoshe, and Ihe communique -also
reported that air units ea
Friday destroyed or damages
200 German trucks with troops
and supplies and silenced five
artillery batteries.
Russian ships in the Barents
sea sank an enemy destroyer Fri
day, it added.
Print Paper
Ceiling Rises
WASHINGTON, Feb. Ml.-iFl
The Canadian and American gov
ernments announced Saturday a
$4 a ton increase in the ceiling for '
standard newsprint paper. The
announcement was made jointly
by the office of price administra
tion and the Canadian wartime
prices and trade board. - .
The Increase becomes effective
March' I. : . 1 ;. .: J '
OPA Administrator Prentiss M.
Brown said the increase was nec
essary "because the newsprint in
dustry can no longer absorb the
increased cost wnicn war condi
tions have brought about."
The war production board re
cently postponed a proposed addi
tional 10 per cent curtailment in
newsprint, consumption when it
developed that supplies would be
larger than estimated originally.
Saturday's OPA announcement
said the price increase will be the
first in five years and bring the
so-called "port" ceiling price to
$54 a ton, with zones adjusted ac
cordingly. " ' ; . ; ,;
Miners Tranned: '
a a. '
At Least 3 Dead
BEARCREEK, MONT, Feb. 28
(Sunday)-(flP-The body of one of
72 miners trapped by an explosion
was - found early Sunday in the
Smith coal mine.
The body was not immediately,
identified. Two other miners were
found dead shortly after the ex- ;
plosion Saturday forenoon. ."
A hope that the entombed men
had ecraned ' deadlv - black damp
fumes wes expressed by the mine
manager, Bill Romek. -