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PAGE TEN
Iho OREGON STATESMAN, SALEM, Orea, Friday Morning. December 5. 1941
at MtimJdpal
s to
Airport
21-Pmsmger Ship
Land
Big Mainliners
Cruise at 190 -Miles
an Hour
DC-3s Weigh 12 Tons,
Have 1800-Mile
Travel Range
He's HoardingV .
TAMPA, Fla.-vP-Sheriirs dep
uties made the routine search of
a hobo brought to the jafl. They
found in his shirt: A Jar of sugar,
a Jar of jam, a live chicken.
Miss Million-Aires" Greet Countess
'Roundhouse'
Maintained by
v
Air Concern
& mm
s
The 21 -passenger Mainliners of
United Air Lines which will be
gin service here today are the
same planes which fly into New
York, Chicago, Los Angeles, San
Francisco, Portland, Seattle and
other cities on United's coast-to-coast
and border-to-border route.
Powered by twin Pratt it
Whitney "Wasp" engines of
1ZD0 horsepower each, the hufe
"Made Carpets" of the skyways
have a cross weicht of over 12
tons. The total of 2400 horse
power is more than developed
by many of the smaller freight
ers in coastwise shipping.
In the industry this plane mo
del is known as the DC-3, mean
ing Douglas commercial plane
number three, manufactured at
the huge Douglas plant in Santa
Monica near Los Angeles.
Cruising speed of the Main
liners is 190 miles an hour
more than three miles a min
ute and top speed is 228 miles
an hoar. Gasoline consumption
is approximately 45 gallons an
hour for each engine, and the ;
planes nave capacity for 820
gallons. However, less is car
ried except on exceptionally
long non-stop flights.
Gasoline weighs approximately
six pounds to the gallon, and
when all tanks are full it cuts
down the amount of "pay load,"
passengers, air mail and air ex
press, which may be carried. Fuel
consumption is approximately
two miles per gallon for the plane.
Maximum cruising range of the
Mainliners is 1800 miles farther
than the air route from Salem to
Chicago. Rate of climb of the
planes with full load is 1000 feet
per minute. Approximate takeoff
distance is 1000 feet, and approxi
mate landing speed 64 miles an
hour.
Incidentally, Salem aviation
fans probably will be disap
pointed if they look for the tra
ditional "three point landings."
The three point landing tech
nique Is all tbe thing for small
planes, but two point landings
are tbe vogue for large trans
port planes and heavy bombers.
The pilots -fly them In" with
tbe two front wheels making
contact with the railway first,
and the tail wheel coming down
later. Season is that because of
the weight of the plane It makes
a smoother landing.
Three point landing technique
Is especially useful in the navy
for spotting small planes down
on the limited runways of the
aircraft carrier.
Incidentally the name "Main
liner" is a trade name applied
only to the DC-3 transports of
United Air Lines. This name
was chosen because United flies
the original main line airway
from coast-to-coast.
This was the route selected by
the government when air mail
service was inaugurated in 1920
by the post office department be
tween New York and San Fran
cisco. It also was the route of the
old overland trail, the pony ex
press and the first coast-to-coast
railroad.
Wing span of the Mainliners
is 93 feet, approximately one
third the length of a football
field. Overall length of the
planes is 63 feet, height of the
plane 17 feet The cabin is 27
feet eight inches long, six feet
six Inches high and seven feet
eight inches wide.
A Douglas DC-3 can carry a
load equal to approximately one
half of its empty weight and is
recognized as one of the best
"useful load" or "payload" carry
ing planes ever made.
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m
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t
Stewardesses Flora Fish, left, and Myra French, each of whom have flown more than a. million mllM
for United Air Lines, greet Countess Marie Bobrlnskoy, royal Russian refugee who recently became a
stewardess.
Stewardess Jobs Attract Many
Requirements Are High, Duties Varied
Here's good news for Salem girls who aspire to interesting careers.
United Air Lines is taking additional applications now for stewardesses in anticiDatinn nf
need for additional personnel early in 1942.
But wait just a minute, girls
There's no use applying unless you can fulfill certain requirements, according to Chief
Stewardess Jean Bartholomew of Portland, who directs the 45 stewardesses who li in Orpnn
states.
First requirement is that the ap
plicant must be a graduate nurse.
So the first step for any girls who
aspire to the position as "sky girl"
on the huge 21 -passenger Main
liners is to start working toward
a degree in nursing.
Neil, the applicants must be
between the ages of 21 and 25
at the time they are employed.
Stewardess Peggy Herberg of
Portland, who will fly regularly
into Salem, had rather a diffi
cult time realizing her ambition
to become a stewardess. When
in grade school she saw a pic
ture of a United Air Lines,
stewardess on a magazine cover
and decided right then and
there she would be an air host
ess some day.
Learning that she first must be
a graduate nurse, she enrolled for
training but finished so young that
she had to remain at her training
hospital an extra year until reach
ing the age of 21 so she could get
her certificate.
Height qualification for stew
ardesses is five feet, two inches to
five feet, five inches in height,
and occasionally some especially
charming applicants who are a
little shorter or a little taller are
accepted. Weight must be below
120 pounds, which explains why
so many of the stewardesses go
in for strenuous sports such as
skiing, tennis, badminton,, golf and
swimming.
The last item Is probably the
most Important. The young
women must be attractive not
necessarily beautiful, but at
tractive and have pleasing
personality. Their personality
must be such that they can car
ry out their air hostess duties
with courtesy and tact.
All types of persons are flying
these days and a girl must be suf
ficiently versatile to deal with
every one of them, from infants to
octogenarians, from housewives to
professional women, from movie
stars to business and professional
people, from athletes to vacation
ists. Regarding the requirement of
a graduate registered nurse's
certificate, it isv required pri
marily as a means of setting a
standard of efficiency. United
has found that the institution
trained girl generally has more
poise, initiative and ability to
get along with fellow workers
and the public.
Duties of a stewardess are nu
merous and interesting. Their
prime purpose is to add to the en
joyment of each passenger's trip.
Many things come under that
head. To list a few: A stewardess
is called upon to serve full course
meals aloft, care for Infants, make
out manifests, answer any ques
tions about the plane, its opera
tion and the terrain over which
it is flying, serve as a companion
to women traveling alone, dis
tribute newspapers and maga
zines, make up sleeper berths for
overnight flights, and even play
a "fourth" at bridge when called
upon, provided her other duties
are not too pressing at the mo
ment. And when it comes to air
planes the girls have to know
their stuff, as far as general In
formation is concerned: For ex
ample they must be able to tell
passengers on the spur of the
moment that the big 21-passen-ger
Mainliners in which they are
riding have wing spread of 93
feet, are 65 feet long, and have
two 1208-horse power engines,
one of which alone can fly the
plane fully loaded at 11,000
feet. Both engines take the
plane to an altitude of 22,000
feet or more. And they must be
able to answer plenty of other
questions as well.
The stewardess profession had
its start in May, 1930, when United
Air Lines employed eight girls
to serve on a section of its coas
to coast route, more or less as an
experiment Company officials
were surprised and pleased when
the idea "took" immediately with
the public.
So ready was this response that
more girls had to be employed at
(Continued on Page 11)
Inspection of Ships
Every 40 Hours Is
Company's Rule
A freauent failing of many of
the early barnstorming pilots was
to keep flying their planes as long
as they held together and think
of repairs only when something
went wrong.
But all that was changed
when United Air Lines built
its famous "roundhouse of the
airways," a gigantic repair and
maintenance base at Cheyenne,
Wyo., where 550 skilled crafts
men ' perform everything from
minor repair work to major re
building Jobs on the company's
Mainliners.
All of the company's Mainlin
ers are placed on an unfailing
schedule of checkups and over
hauls, for the delicate navigation
instruments as well as the pow
erful 1200-horsepower motors.
At every stop of the planes a
quick but thorough visual inspec
tion is made of plane and equip
ment.
After every 40 hours of fly
ing there is a thorough Inspec
tion of the plane with adjust
ments of engine parts, propel
lers, ailerons and other adjust
able parts.
At 100-hour intervals the en
gines are thoroughly torn down
and all worn parts replaced.
The above checks are made at
principal operations bases all
along United's coast to coast and
Pacific coast routes. But at the
end of every 650 hours of flying
the planes are routed to main
tenance base which was located
at Cheyenne to catch planes right
on schedule headed either east
or west.
Out come the engines and all
movable parts of the planes on
the 650-hour overhaul, and new
or completely rebuilt parts take
their places. Painstaking time
records show the flying time of
every engine and its component
parts, of every propellor, every
tire, battery, generator, instru
ment radio set, aileron, wing flap
and all the rest
Even a spark plug must have
the number of its air hours im
printed on its face. At certain,
prescribed limits a plane part
Is discarded, even though it
might appear In perfect condi
tion. And there's no appeal
from the judgment of the time
records.
After 8000 hours of flying.
Mainliner engines are "grounded.''
usually going to some ground avi
ation school for classroom work.
Propellors are discarded after
every 7000 hours of service.
The bodies of tfie planes them
selves are carefully checked, but
under the present metal construc
tion the planes just don't wear
out. Their interior framework is
built like steel bridges.
And co-operating with the
airlines In their maintenance
work is the federal government.
The priorities board has decreed
that the airlines will get all the
airplane replacement parts they
need. So standards of mainten
ance on the airways are higher
now than ever before.
c
Progress made on the Pacific coast airway of United Air Lines during
the past 15 years b told graphically In these pictures of (Up) tbe
single-engined open cockpit 90-mlle-an-hour plane which Inaug
urated coastwise airmail service September 15, 1921. and (below)
the type of twin-engined 21-passenger 200-mile-an-hour Mainliner
now flown on multiple passenger-eargo schedules between cities of
British Columbia. Washington. Oregon and California.
Yellow .Cabs
Heel All Planes
...Phone 7700...
SALEII
TAXI SERVICE
Office Bligh Hotel
Bonds, Officials Burn
VICHY (JP) Constables making
a routine inspection at Mantaine
ville, a village near Amiens, found
a farmer's wife covering Jam pots
with valuable coaland gold min
ing securities.
Next door they learned the
housekeeper had been lighting her
stove with stocks and bonds.
They entered the village butch
er shop just as the butcher's wife
was wrapping a ham in approxi
mately 60,000 francs worth of
shares.
Investigation revealed all the
securities were good something
the villagers had not suspected.
They originally came from a
truck abandoned during the panic
.of June, 1940, while evacuating
the contents of a Valenciennes
bank.
AIR TICKETS Anywhere
K. BURGARD KUGEL
The Salem Travel Agency
Downtown Offices 477 Court St. - Phono 6524
FLY to Mexico this Christmas
11-Day. All-Air. AB-Expono Tour by AT
United Air Linos and Pan-American 1
16-Day Trip only (35157
Johnson Does
Big Things
(Continued from Page 9)
Then came the blow that booted
him out of the industry for sev
eral years. The United States
Senate investigated the aircraft
industry and airline contracts
were cancelled. One of the terms
under which the contracts were
renewed was that a number of
aircraft executives leave the in
dustry for five years. Johnson
was included.
Because he always had been
connected with the operating ra
ther than financing end. Johnson
felt he had been treated unfairly.
Be considers that vindication
came in 193? when he was asked
by the Canadian National Rail
ways to establish an airline across
Canada. Result was Trans-Canada
Airway.
Johnson returned far a second
term as president of Boeing when
the company, m financial distress,
ought aid from New York bank-
Assistance was
promised
take
ers.
only; if Johnson 'would
:ttrge.
V "Lack? fair the lat they gat
ys back, last at this time, a
yrUnd sail te Joans when Ua
" t!eeUB was aanecaoed.
r7 "Laeky far. ma Cay; teak me
' $ek, JekBsea rty'Jfct meCest-
;i (XtstConsil ifc. pouglas)
It's Bishop's ... for Correct Wear
When You Go by Air!
b f w
sA
We Join With
- All Salem in
Wishing the Best
for United Air Lines
on the Inauguration
of. it's Salem Service
"
I OAt.lC
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VE TOOK YOU UP Oil IT
HERE'S THE
Yon wanted a mtt ahead of the times. Wre fir
tag you the Stetson -&ratolme. . modern
RMm-Iiaed fccautj tfcarVa jlimpee into the
tore, today! Air-minded atylingidoes the trick
downtotlsMftinjsflTeTyhat-bTr
"nn riaiai ts
fr r' 1 '
United Air Linei' famous Mainliner. now .crre Silem, with morn
ing and evening flight, to Portland, Seattle. Medf ord, San Francisco,
Lo Angele. and San Diego. At Portland, both flight, connect with
United coast-to-coast flight-The Daylight Flyer and The Conti
nental deeper to Chicago, New York and the principal citie. of the
Eert. Sare day-fly in -Mainliner.
SALEf.l JOINS THE
DUSICJESG ROUTE OF THE HATiOtJ
United Air Lines' Main Line Airway serve . the leading center, of
bu.ineM and national defend It link, every major Pacific Coast
city with the Mid-Vest, and the great industrial chic of the East.
SJSkl lOSNOEtES. 6Vhr
MEDFORO . . lVhrt. CHICAGO . .13Vh.
SANfttANCISC0 4Vh. NEW YORK .17kh
WASHINGTON, D.C 10 W
mmeaammMoJaM-J .
V Salem Airport . -V - 7 - '
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