Ha CZZSOH CTATEH-1AI1, Zdssu Qrecoa, X?&Tttdirx Hcrslag. Hay It 1. 11 "01 vec (Seinm EacEs" By BARRETT WILLOUGHBY Mum MM "No favor Sway Us; No Ftar Shall Atct. From rint Statesman. March 1. 1851 THE STATESMAN PUBUSHING CO. CHARLES A. SPRAGUK, President Member of The Associated Press The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited In this newspaper. Desertion. Ouite the most amazing Incident of this amazing war, surpassing in its elements of sur prise and enigma even the collapse of French defense, is the flight to Scotland of Rudolf Hess, third figure from the top in the-nazi hierarchy. , What does it mean? What were the motives? Churchill has well said, "the imagination is somewhat baffled by the facts." He could easily have omitted the "somewhat." And specula tion on the subject is discouraged by the prob ability that new light will be shed upon the case momentarily. The picture is either cleared up to a degree, or further complicated depending on how you look at it, by Tuesday's disclosures. Hess fled from Germany, according to the Berlin version, suffering from hallucinations which, the later dispatches say, involved a be lief that he bad the power to start peace nego tiations. Most recent London dispatches suggest that Hess, "perfectly sane," simply became dis affected and, deserted as have many thousands of lesser figures in the war. Logic suggests the cause of his one-man revolt may have been the trend to closer collaboration of the Soviet union in thej axis movement, in the face of his oft-expressed violent hatred of ' communism. But this entire line of reasoning is'weak because it implies a tenderness of conscience, a squeam ishness about the end justifying the means, which does j not ' dovetail with our notion of nazi leadership and its character. Common sense suggests a third explanation; that Hess escaped to forestall a "liquidation" which impended for any one of so many feasible reasons that speculation is unprofitable. If these were the circumstances, Hess obviously isn't crazy. He went to a spot where he could count upon being well treated, safer than anywhere else in the world, and from whence he could not be extradited. , Assumption that it is the case of a rat de serting the sinking ship is, we feel, a product of wishful thinking. Appearances are deceiving and phrenology is not an exact science even when practiced by experts; yet any layman, scanning a picture of Rudolf Hess, will label him a man of undisciplined emotions, suspicious, .excessively self-conscious, apt to imagine him self persecuted. Sane or otherwise, the best guess is that he showed up in Scotland for rea sons which were personal to himself. . . Regardless of the exact circumstances of his flight, acquisition of Hess as a prisoner is' a "break" for the British. The defection of one so close to Hitler must inevitably disconcert the Germans and bolster the morale of their millions of foes throughout the world. The re mainder is so plain; that nazidom is built upon a vulnerable core of unpredictable fanaticism. ; The world has been gazing, incredulous, upon the spectacle of a fantastic world empire held together by bonds no more substantial than vol untary loyalty and bayonet-enforced fealty to one frail human being. Now one frayed segment has parted, close to the root. T ' "" win' ' " '. ' -i 5 . Stream Pollution Unfortunately for the sake of public under standing, the subject of stream pollution is not a pleasant one inviting literary discussion. It hat been touched . upon ' in various works on corViervation; some readers may have noted in penning "Rich Land, Poor Land," by Stuart . Chtfse, that the Willamette river in Oregon Is cited as a horrible example. Otherwise both this subject and the cure, sewage treatment, are re served for discussion principally in technical ; journals. f - - There is scarcely room for argument however ' on the point that the Willamette river is sadly in need of purification, from the various stand- : points of fish life, general sanitation and com- mon decency. Cognizant that- they must bear a part of the cost, Salem voters gave a substantial ; affirmative vote to the purification measure on , the ballot in 1938. f 1 The development of sewage treatment is a ' subject discussed in almost none of the national magazines with the exception of American City, j'.a publication read chiefly by city of f icials. Thus few persons here are cognizant of the rapid progress made elsewhere in the nation in adop ! tion of this solution. In 1932 only about 19 mil- ! i lion people in the nation were served by such 1 systems: by 1938 this had increased to 37 mil-, ! lipn, or more than half of the population served by sewer systems. There were at that time more than 3700 plants similar to that which Salem : proposes to install. Each month's issue of the magazine tells of one or more additional cities adopting this plan. " - ; Needless to say, many of the rivers in the j east and middle west are wholly protected from ' contamination as a result of coordinated sewage dis posal campaigns; the west lags behind, partly i because the necessity has not been so great, The Willamette river is an exception to this last gen- eral statement. Need for its purification ; has been generally recognized for; more than a ' ; decade. " , j I Salem has an opportunity to point the way to other communities on the Willamette, by vet 5 ing favorably upon the program and the bond I authorization which will come before its voters 1 In next Tuesday's special election. t . - Reasoned Conclusions j - Current events must not be suffered tm ' . ." ereome ear reasoned conclusions arrived -at In less soul-disturbing times Stephen .." ; .'';. F.',Cha4wkk. ' 1 On two or three former occasions this column has deemed tt .advisable to quote this remark, n toen who nwde tWs accoirlishment possible it is to be' hoped that they will be replaced not by decisions reached in a moment of hysteria, but by conclusions arrived at with an equal, degree of calm reasoning. In the address of the former legion com mander, and in informal conversation with him later, participated in by a number of war veterans, it was evident that neither he nor ex service men as a group hold at this time any settled convictions as to the course of wisdom for the United States. The results of the Medford Mail Tribune's "war" poll quoted on this page yesterday, support Mr. Chadwick's observation ; that the people are divided in their opinions, though some on both sides are decidedly posi tive. The veterans, who know what war is like, are less positive in our belief, because they are more conscientious in their efforts to arrive at the correct solution. There is a, tendency to look to President Roosevelt for leadership and for revelation of the facts which are in possession of no one out side of the cabinet offices; and a growing feeling that both facts and leadership are being with held. Lest confidence be destroyed utterly, it is to be hoped that without further delay the presi dent will present the nation's true situation with candor similar to that employed by Churchill in England. I News Behind The News By PAUL MALLON (Distributed by Ktnf Feature Syndicate, Inc.. re production In whole or in part strictly prohibited.) WASHINGTON, May 13 The increased fury, of the latest German air raid on London may not mark the limit of nazi destructive ingenuity. The British have plucked Information from with in Germany that Goering is switching to production of four motored long range bombers. He Is doing this so he can use more airports and supplies deep ' within Germany for his bomb ing attacks. Until recently the scope of bis night fury has been re stricted to the number of planes he could supply with gas and oil, mostly along the channel coast; in conquered territory. That; is why the Germans had to rest a few days after every Paul M&noa all-out effort Their two-motored ships had insufficient range to be based on central German fields, where fuel and supplies can be made available in larger quantities. Up to now the British have assumed they could make the Germans see the futility of this kind of murderous civilian warfare as soon as they were able to do just as much to Berlin as the nazis have done to London. Now this new bad news brings up a puzzling question of the possible limits of British airports as measured against those Goering may ultimately put to work On the continent The OPM has a large contract for anti-aircraft guns under negotiation with a large manufacturing concern (name withheld because no signatures have been obtained yet) When the company representa tives came to Washington to negotiate, OPM. in listed that "a large part?' of the work be sub-contracted to smaller concerns. The company reps agreed. They went back to their plant and OPM Manager Knudsen sent;; out some experts to help them locate subcontractors. The company then said it had decided not to subcontract but to fill, the whole order in its plant in another city. Mr. Knudsen's men investigated and discovered the plant in the other city was just a warehouse, empty, unequipped. The company has now come along with a request fat 137 machine tools to equip the warehouse, and three fourths of these are standard machine tools which can be used general ly for all kinds of boring. ' As anti-aircraft guns rate higher than airplanes in priority necessities, this company could theoretic ally take away machine tools from the aviation in dustry, merely because it does not want to sub contract ' i- i . It is this kind of thing which has caused Mr. Knudsen to wear callouses on his. forefingers, hold ing his nose. f f There are other defense experiences which make everyone involved feel proud. One is the case of the Baldwin Locomotive works, which could not find a lathe In its shop large enough to machine steel rings -for naval gun, turrets. A long time would have been required get-, ting new lathes. Baldwin engineers got busy and rigged Up some complicated attachments to lathes" used for machining locomotive wheels; fitted the turret rings on these and are now doing their job without new machine tools. ; ,,- Better yet was the aggressiveness shown by an other gun factory working on parts for a new type of naval anti-aircraft gun which is supposed to be a whiz-bang. This company promised delivery in 200 days, the quickest delivery suggested by any of the bidders. - . :: - " When a government tool engineer dropped in to see the manufacturer and give him the cylinder and breech housing .for production, the boss re-: plied: "I believe we have some discarded machinery in the basement which would enable us to produce this job within 90 or f 100 days." With some an nounced misgivings, the government engineer , agreed to bank on the manufacturer's judgment Exactly 78 days later (not 90 to 100) the com pany had forged 351 breech housings and 818 recoil cylinders, with 600 more housings and : cylinders : then going through the line and SO more in the finishing stage. Not a single rejection of any of these parts was made. - "T,dont believe any job will carry with It the . satisfaction and thrill which the development of this job, virtually out of scrap, has given the men in our ; plant, wrote the manufacturer. "I am certain that ' you will agree with me that too much cannot be said for the ingenuity and patriotic efforts of the J . : : Divorcing Ourselves From Our Shadow lifts ffoir BreaCi ffasfl By R. J. HENDRICKS : made by the then national commander of the American Legion in a public address shortly: ; after the war began. ; By a coincidence, Mr. Chadwick came to Salem to participate in dedi cation of the legion's new home, Just at the ) tirr.e when argument and speculation oyerthe i nation's future course was at its height' Many responsible commentators have found it necessary in the last year to alter their views, but there Is less likelihood that thesewords will rise up to embarrass the distinguished grand son of an early Oregon governor. "Reasoned conclusions" may have to be altered but surely This is the American way of going to work, the . kind of peculiar American enthusiasm and earnest cess which has made this country superior through out its history in business, in peace and In war. The manufacturer is one who should rate a medal when the time comes for teTling names. His accompllsh- 1 ment is all the more notable in this so-called modern day when the doctrines of ease, self-interest and anti-work have found root among so many demo cratic people.. This one trait "will, save this country if it is to be saved. If it develops that there are too many of the other kind of people, nothing in the world can save it Nothing else matters as much. Yes, in printshop ' 1 8-14-41 parlance, "they would surely vomit a snipe,': these history hickstorians: V w (Continuing from yesterday:) "The first American government west of the Rocky mountains" was established at the Jason Lee mission, on Thursday, Feb. 18, 1841. It was established there on that day, and set in motion, fully officered. s.'V.j It was the government that be came the Territory of Oregon, taken over by Governor Lane, under act of congress of August. 14, 1848; that was taken over as a state by. act of congress of February 14, 1859; the Valentine state, given the 33d star in the American Flag. -V j t On February 7, 1841, a called meeting was held at the original mission of Jason Lee, 10 miles by water below the site of Sa lem, "for the purpose," as offi cially stated, "of consulting upon steps necessary to be taken for the formation of laws and the election of officers to execute them." There Was no adjourned meeting, of THAT meeting. But eight days later, Monday, - February 15, Ewing Young died. "He had been the richest citizen in what Is now Oregon had no known heirs, and there was no American court of law to ad minister the estate. ' S 1i The Young funeral was held Wednesday, February 17, at his . late home on his land claim, and ' the burial was there, on Che halem creek, about six miles from' present Newburg. Jason Lee was in charge of the funeral and burial rites. j At the close -of the services, all present were asked to tarry and complete the plans discussed Tebruary 7th, and Jason Lee was chosen to .preside. Gustavus Hines was selected as secretary. An adjournment was taken un - til the next morning, at the Jason Lee mission. The official record for the meeting of the next day " shows: , if' : "At a full meeting of the in habitants of the Willamette val ' ley, at the " American ' Mission " House, David Leslie was elected chairman, and Sidney. Smith and Gustavus Hines were chosen as secretaries. (Smith had been ' ; living with and was a sort of partner of Ewing Young, so was - much interested . in having the property administered, so as to get his share. Smith was a dis tant relative of Ethan Allen, dis tinguished general of the Revo lution. His (Smith'sf son, John U. Smith, was in much later years well known in Oregon poll-' tics. Sidney Smith was a mem ber of the famous Peoria party of 1839, and at first arrival in Oregon, worked at" the Lee mission, 10 miles by Water be- -$ow Salem.) .-.'' p.; , "Geo. W. LeBretoh was chosen to fill the office tofderk of . courts, -and public recorder. Wm. Johnson was chosen to fill the . office of high sheriff L L Bab- ' cock was appointed to 'fill .the office of supreme judge, with probate powers. ' 1 ' ; v".v ; "Resolved, that until a code of laws be adopted by this com munity. Dr. Babcock be instruct ed to act according to the laws of New York." - , v.. Thus, the Oregon provisional government was established. Dr. L L. Babcock (of the Lee mis- sion), named as "supreme Judge with probate powers." to act un der the laws of the state of New York, was in- effect governor. He lived in the hospital building of the Lee mission, 10 miles below the. site of Salem. He appointed Rev. David Leslie administrator of the estate of Ewing Young, and the property was disposed of according to the laws of New The Safety Valvo Letters from Statesman Readers SEWAGE DISPOSAL To the Editor: At a recent Lions club luncheon, I was privi leged to hear state Sanitary En gineer Green discuss Salem's proposed sewage disposal plant for the construction of which the voters of our city are soon, to approve or reject a bond issue, L e. on May 20th. Mr. Green, appearing as an of ficial representative of the State Board of Health, gave such a splendid summary of unanswer . able reasons why the plant should be .installed that it is to be regretted jmore voters could not have heaitf him. Considering the Importance of this measure, particularly on the health angle, it is my opinion that the officers of the Chamber 1 of Commerce and of all of Sa lem's Service, Community, Par ent Teacher, Religious and other organizations should make it their duty to provide their re spective memberships an oppor tunity to hear Mr. Green or an other representative of the State Board of Health explain this measure. , : No good excuse for failure to take such steps will stand be cause City Councilman Glenn Gregg, Chairman of the sewage and drainage committee of the council, advises he will be glad, immediately 'upon request to contact the Division of Sanitary Engineering of the State Board of Health and secure competent .speakers. . Oliver B. Huston, Salem, Ore. HOOVER VIEWPOINT v To the Editor: The speech of Mr. Hoover last evening is worth more than casual consideration. It cannot be - denied . that we would be "biting off more than we can chew" if we enter the war as active participants. We all know what a job it was in the last war sending men over there (aside from all fthe grief of it). How would we manage to transport men, munitions, etc., over there beside all the food and munitions Britain, herself needs for her own use? We ran, I think, do her much more good by staying out of it and doing all we can, otherwise. We know the minute we were busy in the Atlantic what would happen in : the Pacific ; "1 -: .-.v- It looks to me as though our poor unions are being made fools of by leaders who must be work ing for the dictators. Since Eng land has unions, a Labor party and even a Labor member, of the Government and Russia and Germany, dictator countries, are not allowed unions, should ft not be reasonable for the unions in this country to lay off on strikes .and bend every effort toward a victory for England? Any Iabor- ' fng man with a grain of sense' could see that It is queer what simps we Americans be at times -, . IL Low, Salem, Ore. York, ! three public sales being held. I :! The net result of the adminis tration of the Ewing Young es tate Was a considerable sum of money; but no heir having been found, the money escheated to the commonwealth, the provi sional government . The; provisional government had no jail, so it was proposed to use the Young estate escheat ed money, or part of it in pro viding a jail, Dr. John McLough lin having offered to donate a site. - This was agreed to, by the au thorities of the provisional gov ernment with the understand ing that in case an heir or heirs should appear and prove the va lidity of the claim, the provision al government would be bound to provide the money. This was a much debated ques tion. The 'fraid cats among Ore gon pioneers argued furiously against the idea: They contended : that this claim might become a lien on their property, and that if the: government was short of the necessary cash, their homes might be sold to get the funds. s w But the idea was carried out it being proposed to spend $1500 in constructing the jail, at Ore gon City. The total cost was $1175,- and nothing happened. No heir showed up, and there was little use for a jail in those halcyon days. Finally, Joaquin Young show ed up, and proved his heirship. He was the son of a Taos (pro nounce it Tows like mouse) mother of Spanish extraction; his father was Ewing Young. Taos is in New Mexico, an ar tists' headquarters now. ! ' ' V - Joaquin proved his case; but he had sold his claim' to an Ore gon speculator. He "needed the money." t V (Continued tomorrow.) Today's Garden By LTLLDC L. MADSEN Mrf. W. F. S. teus that she has a snowball bush grown from a cutting taken from a bush bear ing large bunches of flowers, but that the cutting has. produced in ferior blooms. She sent a sam ple of the bloom. Answer: The -cutting should produce the same kind of flow ers as the parent plant She does not say whether this was the first year the cutting bloomed. Judging from the bud specimens she sent me, my thought would be that the buds had been injur ed by the late frost we had this , year. They have that appearance. The snowball likes a well drained soil and a location where air can circulate about it freely. A. D. asks when it is evergreen-moving time. She writes she has just moved into a new hom:and wants' to move some' shrubs at once if it can be done .suocessfully. Answer: Early spring and late summer seem the best times to move! evergrens, but it can be done at anytime if the bushes are dug with a large ball of dirt about the roots and if they are kept 1 well watered throughout the summer so that they never dry out even momentarily. Mrs. F. A. R. asks for a de scription of Bechtel's crab. Answer: This is a small bush like tree growing about 15 feet - high : and having a decidedly symetrical shape. The flowers ; are double and of an exquisite ' shade of nink.' Chapter 11 Continued Shady Lane, bent over m winch on the floating cannery, straight ened his blue-denimed length and waved his on can. "Go it, Redhead! he cheered. Kemp Starbuck, . from the wharf in front of his plant, called some thing through cupped hands. But Sondra.was blind to everything except a hot resolve to waste no time in the delivery of Dyna mite's message to Katlean. Cap tain Jean Reynall would soon . learn that the role of gallant host had cost him his last slim chance for a season's pack of herring." " ' ; . - An hour later Sondra returned to find Kemp and her grandfath er talking over a scatter of pa pers that lay between them on the table. Kemp was saying, "Even though this contract as sures me of your entire catch, sir, I hardly think I shall at any time be loaded up with more fish than I can handle. However, if It should happen. 111 gladly respect your proviso that no part of them is to be turned over to Reynall." "Good! Tis a small point but an important one to me." He glanced up. Hoh, Sondy!" His ; expectant gaze probed past her. "Where's Katlean?? ' . "He wasnt home." Sondra waved Kemp back to his chair, and went on wearily: "His moth er tried to tell me something but I couldn't .understand her Thlin get I left a note for him to come here the moment he returns." I "Katlean not home?" The Captain's eyebrows bushed sus piciously. "Could Reynall have hold of him already, d'ye suppose?".-' "I hardly think so interposed Kemp, with a chuckle. "Reynall'a dispatch boat the Baltic, with himself at the wheel, passed our plant some time before Sondra flew by in her runabout Miss Bootrin was helping him steer, and neither of them seemed ser iously intent upon anything except each other." "Hah!" The Captain's knowing grin was the broader for his al layed anxiety, "He will do no business this day, with Liane's hooks into him. Distractin as a three-alarm fire, that one. ... Now, now, Starbuck! Don't rush off. Stay and join us here in a bite of lunch. ':. ? -: ' Lunch was just over when LI ane breezed In, stripping a crim son kerchief from her dark head and whirling it about her. "Greetings, darlings!" Her voice was vibrant her eyes glowed with a febrile brilliance. "Tve, had a simply marvelous - morning J with . Jean . Reynall. Caught him just leaving for the Indian "village, and went along." r knew fyou'd be down, later, ' Sondra. - T was But I didn't see you." "No., We - stopped there Just long enough to pick up Katlean, then all took a run down Peril Strait: Boy! can that little tub of Jean's ramble! I did the steer ing, while Jean' and Katlean went into a huddle over the catch of the native herring fleet Jean was all hot to get, Katlean signed up, you see." She helped herself tq a couple of cakes, and bit into one with relish. "Well, well?" The Captain's fingers were drUrnmlng the arms of his chair. WhAt did Katlean '.say?" j..r . "Oh, he didn't want to sign, just then. But I took care of that!" Her airy gesture scattered - crumbs.' "What 'd'ye mean you took care of it?" "Boo! Boo!" Liane ducked toward him, laughing. "Don't be so savage, Cap! ... I mean I took care of it Jean's such a sweet boy, and his heart was so set on that contract he had no time for , anything' else until it was settled. So-o-o" She ampl ed another cake appreciatively "I trotted out my Thlinget cor puscle : and made Katlean sign on the dotted line. I only wish there'd been a few more to sign, the :way Jean glad-handed me after Sa-ay! What's burn ing you two?" She stared from Sondra to the Captain. (To be continued) adio Programs KSLM WEDNESDAY ISM Kc. , S 30 Sunris Salute. T.-0O News in Brief. 7.-0S Olcttime Music TJO News. 7:45 HUlblUjr Music 8:00 Farm Talk. Clarence Williams' Orchestra. SJO News. S:4S Tune Tabloid. :00 Pastor's Can, t:15 Popular Music. ii " -a , 9:45 Four Notes. 10. -00 The World This Morn Inf. 10:15 Prescription for Happiness. 10:30 Women In the News. 1035 Sunset Trio. 10:45 Dr. R. Franklin Thompson. 11. -00 Melodic Moods. 11 JO Willamette U Chapel. 11:45 Value Parade. 11 M Market Reports. 1 J 5 Ivan Dibnars at the Organ. , 12:15 Noontime News. 12 JO Hillbilly Serenade. 12 35 Willamette Valley Opinions. 11:50 The Song Shop. 1:00 Town House Orchestra. 1:15 Isle of Paradise. 1 'JO Western Serenade. IDO-News. 1:15 US Marines. S 30 Modern Melody Trio. 3 :00 Crossroads Troubador. 3:15 British Relief Program. JO Concert Gems. 4:15 News. 4 JO Tea time Tunes.- 4:45 Singing Saxophones. SAO Popularity Row. 5 30 Dinner Hour Melodies. 0 Tonight's Headlines. :15 War Commentary. 30 Freddy Nagle's Orchestra. ' TWO News to, Brief. 1:05 Interesting Facts. 1:15 Top Hatters. 730 State Safety Program. 1 :45 Popular Music. m The World Tonight. S:15 Henry King's Orchestra. JO Wes McWain at the Piano. 5 News Tabloid. S :O0 Salem-Vancouver Baseball Game. 10:15 Hits of the Day. . 10 JO News. 10:45 Let's Dance. I lias Dream Time. : . . -' ': " ':' Jv . ' KGW NBC WEDNESDAY 20 K. 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JO Mr. District Attorney. i SAO Fred Waring Pleasure Time. ; 9 30 Sir Francis Drake Orchestra. ; 10 AO News Flashes. 1 1030 Palace Hotel Orchestra. J 11 AO News. : 11:15 Hotel Biltmore Orchestra. .' 11 30 Florentine Gardens Orchestra, . 11:55 News. .....).. i '-. " KEX NBC WE0NESDAY-11M Kc AO Ed's Up. , - S AO Musical Clock. ' " v i 7 AO Western AgTicuItartw , T -JS Breakfast Chib. SAO Amen Comer. JO National Farm and Rome. , 9:15 Between the Bookends. i 9 JO Homespun. . 945 News. - 10JO ChannlngJy We Lire. ' 11 AO Orphans of Divorce. 11:15 Amanda of Honeymoon BQL - 1130 John's Other Wife. 11:45 Just Plain Bin. 11 AO Mother of Mine. - - v - - 11 U 5 Market Reports. , - UJO-News. ' IMS-Curbstone Quia. . ' SAO The Quiet Hour. . i. 245 Gasoline Alley. " SAO Count Your Liessittg. ' . 3:15 Mr. Keen. Tracer. . 4:15 Uvint Literature. 430 Ireene Wicker. -44 th BartM These Senegal ei are seppUed ay the respeettve staUens. 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